athl 263 1. terms & definitions
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EMU ATHL 263Theory of FootballTerms & Definitions
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Defining the Field
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Line of Scrimmage
Hook Curl Flat
HoleSeam
HookCurlFlat
Seam
Hole
12Yard
s
Deep as the Field
~9 yds
Deep Zones may be collapsed without vertical stretching by routes.
Under Zones may be stretched by receiver action.
~9 yds
53 1/3 Yard - 160 ft
Vertical Field Position (VFP)
SSafeZoneto 15
yd
CCautious
Area15 – 35
yd
OOpen Field35 – 30 yd
RRed Zone30 – 5 yd
EEndZon
e5 yd In
Offensive Direction• Safe Zone
– Secure Runs/Quick Passes
– One First Down – Safe Punt
• Cautious Area– Favorite Plays– Take a Shot
• Open Field– Total Offense– Down & Distance
• Red Zone– 4 Down Territory – Kick line?– Field Increasingly
Wider than it is Deep• End Zone
– No Deep Area – Precise Throws– Must Physically Win the L.O.S.– Higher % of Blitz & Man
Coverage
Horizontal Field Position (Hash/MOF)
4 0
3 0
2 0
4 0
3 0
2 0
ZXL
XL
ZR
R
Ball in the Middle of the Field = More Offense!
9 Yards to the
bottom of the
#’s
Hash Distance from the sideline:
High School ~ 16 yardsCollege ~ 19 yards
Pro ~ 22 yards
Scoring Points Do you know them all?
Touchdown – 6 pts. Field Goal – 3 pts. Point after TD Kick - 1 pt. Two Point Conversion – 2 pts.
That’s All??? Fair Catch Kick – 3 pts.
Offensive Backs Quarterback – The Guy who takes the Snap! Halfback – Split Back Formations Fullback
I Formation – Physical Blocker/Pass Catcher Veer Offense – Dive Back/Primary Ball Carrier Wing T Offense – Primary Ball Carrier
Tailback I Formation – Primary Ball Carrier/Pass Catcher
Wingback/Slot Back Veer Offense – Pitch Back/Receiver Wing T Offense – Ball
Carriers/Blockers/Receivers
Backfield Sets
T
Q
F
L Q
F
Q
RHB
Q T
I Formation
Slots
Split Backs
Gun
LHB
R
Shift vs. Motion What’s a Shift?
A shift is when a player moves from one set position to another set position and comes to a complete stop for at least one second before the snap of the ball,
What’s a Motion? A motion is when a player moves parallel to, or away from,
the line of scrimmage – staying in motion until the snap of the ball.
RULES: All players must be set for at least one second before every play…Only players in the backfield may
motion.
Offensive Line
3 ½ Feet
3 ½ Feet
3 Feet
3 Feet
LeftTackl
e
LeftGuar
d
RightGuar
d
RightTackl
e
Center
Line Splits
O/S Receiver Route Tree - Quicks
RouteName
Steps/Technique
Hitch
3 Steps – Gather Cut on Outside
FootCome back to
the ball!
Slant
3 Steps – Speed Cut on Outside
FootGet eyes and
hands around on the cut
Bend
3 Steps – Roll cut to the
outside on 3rd step
Chair3+2 – Bend
route, two steps and wheel
Fade 3 Steps – Widen as you go deep!
FadeChai
r
Bend
Slant
Hitch
O/S Route Tree – Deep RoutesRoute
Name Steps/Technique
Curl7 Step Inside Stem
Gather cut on Outside Foot
Come back to the ball!
Out6 Step – Gather cut on
Inside FootCome downhill to the
ball.
Post7 Step – Speed cut on
Outside Foot – Get eyes & Hands around on cut
Dig7+2 – Post route, Speed
cut on2nd step of post –
Stay flat across the field
Seam Read
Inside stem to hash, Decision at 12 yards
Hash presence – Broken Arrow
No hash presence – Stay Vertical
Seam Read
Dig
Post
Out
Curl
I/S Receiver – Route TreeWheel
BubbleFlat
Out
Curl
Dig/Seam Read
Seam Flag
Drag
Drive
Route
Name
Steps/TechniqueRouteName Steps/Technique
Flat 3 Steps - Roll cut to the outside on 3rd stepSeam Read
Vertical stem to hash. Hash presence – Broken Arrow
No hash presence – Stay Vertical
Wheel 3+2 steps - Bend route & run fade5 yds from sideline Post 7 Steps - Speed cut on Outside Foot
Expect ball immediately on cut
Curl 7 Step Stem - Gather cut on Outside FootCome back to the ball! Flag 6 Steps - Speed cut on Inside Foot
45 deg angle to sideline
Bubble
Drop step 45 deg with outside footSnap eyes around & run parallel to the
LOS for 4 stepsOut 6 Steps - Gather cut on Inside Foot
Come downhill to the ball.
Drive 4 yard Shallow Cross - Aim for toes of ILB’s Drag 8-10 yard Shallow Cross - Work to get
behind LB’s
Post
Option Route
Inside Receiver
Outside Receiver
Should be run between the Hook defender and the Curl defender in all 3 Shell coverages.
Run against the Curl defender in all 2 Shell coverages
Receiver must identify curl dropper on the fly.
Great option routes are run with feel, not with speed
Personnel Groups - Examples
Name BacksTight Ends Receivers QB/OL
10 Personnel
1 0 4 6
11 Personnel
1 1 3 6
12 Personnel
1 2 2 6
21 Personnel
2 1 2 6
22 Personnel
2 2 1 6
32 Personnel
3 2 0 6
Some teams name personnel groups…Ask me why!
Two Back Personnel Groups23
Personnel21
Personnel
22 Personnel
20 Personnel
All Personnel Groups are shown in Right Formation
Which WR goes in the game
first?1st WR ZR2nd WR XR3rd WR JR4th WR KR5th WR ER
YH
F
T
R
YH
F
T
Z
YX
F
T
Z
XJ
Z
F
T
Ask Me About
2x2 Sets!
One Back Personnel Groups13
Personnel11
Personnel
12 Personnel
10 Personnel
All Personnel Groups are shown in Right Formation
YHZ
T
RYX
J
T
Z
YHX
T
ZX
JZ
K
T
Which WR goes in the game
first?1st WR ZR2nd WR XR3rd WR JR4th WR KR5th WR ER
Ask Me About
3x1 Sets!
Three Back Personnel Groups
30 Personnel
31 Personnel
32 Personnel
All Personnel Groups are shown in Right Formation
Must be in Rip/Liz in
31 Personnel
Get the right people on the field, then get
them to line up correctly.
YZ
F
T
B
YH
T
X Z
T
FBFB
Which WR goes in the game
first?1st WR ZR2nd WR XR3rd WR JR4th WR KR5th WR ER
No Back Personnel Groups03
Personnel01
Personnel
02 Personnel
00 Personnel
All Personnel Groups are shown in Right Formation
YHZX R
YXJ K Z
YHX J Z
XJ
ZKE
Which WR goes in the game
first?1st WR ZR2nd WR XR3rd WR JR4th WR KR5th WR ER
Defensive Line Play with their hand on the ground Stop the run Rush the Passer Will drop into coverage in some advanced
defenses
Defining Gaps & Techniques
Gaps
Techniques
Over the Center
Zero Tech
On Center
Zero Shad
e
Shoulder of
Center
Over the Guard
One Tech
I/S Eye of OG
Two Tech On OG
Three Tech
O/S Eye of OG
Over the Tackle
Four Tech
I/S Eye of OT
Five Tech On OT
Six Tech
O/S Eye
of OT
Over the Tight EndSeve
n Tech
I/S Eye of TE
Eight Tech On TE
Nine Tech
O/S Eye of TE
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A B CABC DD
0S 987654321S
Linebackers Inside Linebackers
Physical to take on Offensive Linemen Run Stoppers Defend TE’s & Crossing Routes
Outside Linebackers Versatile Play over a TE Defend Slot Receivers
Defensive Backs Corners
Defend Receivers on the Perimeter Support Versus the Run
Safeties Defend the Middle of the Field Support Versus the Run
Nickle/Dime Backs 5th or 6th Defensive Back
C H
F R
W
$
M S
TNE
P/S “Rip”
Strong Angle Roll
RunPass
Pre-Snap
Movement
Angle
1/3
1/3
1/3Curl/ Flat
Hook/ Curl
Hook/ Curl
Curl/ Flat
Force
Scrape
Primary
SecondaryPrimar
y
Secondary
Job Saver
Job SaverAlley
Run Run
Pass
Cutback
Cutback
Force
Scrape
Alley “2 Eye”