atoms and elements. atoms atoms are the “building blocks” of all matter and are the simplest...
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Atoms and Elements
AtomsAtoms are the “building blocks” of all matter and are the simplest form of molecule. They are all made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. They look something like this:
The Nucleus – this contains neutrons and protons
Electrons – these orbit around the nucleus
ElementsIf a solid, liquid or gas is made up of only one type of atom we say it is an element. For example, consider a tripod made up of iron:
These atoms are ALL iron – there’s nothing else in
here
CompoundsCompounds are different to elements. They contain different atoms. Here are some examples:
Glucose
MethaneSodium
chloride (salt)
Some simple compounds…
Methane, CH4 Water, H2O
Carbon dioxide, CO2
Ethyne, C2H2Sulphuric
acid, H2SO4
Key
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Carbon
Sulphur
Elements and symbols that you should know:
Part 1 – The obvious ones:
1) Hydrogen
2) Helium
3) Lithium
4) Beryllium
5) Boron
6) Carbon
7) Nitrogen
8) Oxygen
9) Fluorine
10)Neon
11)Magnesium
12)Aluminium
13)Silicon
14)Phosphorus
H
He
Li
Be
B
C
N
O
F
Ne
Mg
Al
Si
P
Some more obvious ones:15)Sulphur
16)Chlorine
17)Argon
18) Calcium
19) Zinc
The less obvious ones:1) Sodium
2) Potassium
3) Iron
4) Copper
5) Silver
6) Tin
7) Gold
8) Mercury
9) Lead
S
Cl
Ar
Ca
Zn
Na
K
Fe
Cu
Ag
Sn
Au
Hg
Pb