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Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Unit 2 Slide 2 Introduction to the Atom Modern Atomic Theory Subatomic Particles Isotopes Ions Essential Standards and objectives: 1.1.1 Analyze the structure of atoms, isotopes, and ions. 1.1.2 Analyze an atom in terms of the location of electrons. 1.1.3Explain the emission of electromagnetic radiation in spectral form in terms of the Bohr model. 1.1.4 Explain the process of radioactive decay using nuclear equations and half-life. 2.2.5 Analyze quantitatively the composition of a substance. (Introduction to moles) Slide 3 Agenda 2/6: Purpose: To determine the structure of an atom Warm-up: Reading on Atoms Atomic Theory Atomic Structure How is it represented? Isotopes How are isotopes represented? Slide 4 Reading: Cornell notes Essential questions: What are the characteristics of an atom? In your notes: address both individual atoms and atoms of an element Slide 5 The Atom: Smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of the element. Essential Questions: What is an atom? What is its structure? What determines properties of an element? Slide 6 Atoms act in orderly, predictable ways. Slide 7 Modern Atomic Theory 1. All matter: 2. Atoms of a given element: 3. Atoms cannot be created nor destroyed in: 4. In chemical reactions, atoms are Slide 8 Atomic Theory (cont.) 5. To form compounds: Law of Definite Proportions Law of Multiple Proportions Slide 9 Summary Table: Atomic Structure- Subatomic Particles Subatomic LocationCharge Mass Importance Particle AMU Slide 10 Atomic Mass Unit AMU The amu is defined as one twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 (with 6 protons and 6 neutrons) and has a value of 1.66053892110 27 kg.carbon-12kg AMU = relative measurement and used for comparison Slide 11 How small is an atom? http://ed.ted.com/lessons/just-how-small-is- an-atom Slide 12 Designation of Atomic Structure Atomic number (Z): On the Periodic Table: Mass number (A): On the Periodic Table: Slide 13 Designations for the Atomic Structure Atomic number (Z): - On the Periodic Table Mass number (A): - On the Periodic Table 20 Ca 40.08 Slide 14 Isotopes Slide 15 Isotopes - Discovery Education Video Slide 16 Isotopes (versions of the same element) Atoms of an element with different masses Naturally occurring Some are stable and some are radioactive (unstable) Isotopes of an element have the same number of ___________ and a different number of ______________. Slide 17 Identifying Isotopes Isotope Notation 1. 2. On the Periodic Table, the number with the Decimal point is: Slide 18 Review: What is Z? What is A? Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons. 6 C Carbon 12.011 12 C 6 13 C 6 Occurs 98.89% frequency Occurs 1.11 % frequency In Nature, Slide 19 Atoms of the Same Element Slide 20 Slide 21 Atomic Mass Weighted Average Mass of isotopes Based on the percentage of each isotope present. Mass Abundance C-12 12.0 x 98.89 = C-13 13.0 x 1.11= Slide 22 Grades are often computed using a weighted average. Suppose that homework counts 10%, quizzes 20%, Labs 10% and tests 60%. If: homework grade is 92 quiz grade is 68 lab grade is 88 test grade is 81 Whats the overall grade? Slide 23 Practice - Worksheet Atomic Structure Identify the number of proton, neutron, & electrons of an atom of a specific element Rounding the atomic mass on the Periodic Table gives the mass of the most common isotope Atomic Number & Isotopes Correct symbol: A & Z Complete the table Complete the questions. Slide 24 Atomic Number & Isotope Slide 25 Practice: - worksheet Find the Average Atomic Mass Nucleus of each atom is represented Graphic below #4 - explains #5-7 Isotopes: Atomic Number & Mass Number Determine based on the chart not the PT 2 Isotope notations Element A (X-A) AZXAZX Slide 26 Find Average Atomic Mass Slide 27 Isotopes: Atomic Number & Mass Number ElementIsotope Symbol Atomic Number Z Mass Number A # of protons # of neutrons # of electrons Slide 28 Review & Explain: How does this graphic demonstrate the characteristics of an atom? Make sure that you include each graphic representation in your explanation Slide 29 Atom: Scanning Tunneling Microscope Slide 30 Development of the Modern Atomic Model Here are several models of the atom as they were developed in history:.................................. Slide 31 History of Discovering the Atom http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thnDxFdk zZs