attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
1/30
Psy 311: Attachment 1
WHAT IS SOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY?
Social development is learning primary drives
secondary drives
reinforcement
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
2/30
Psy 311: Attachment 2
WHAT IS SOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY(CONT)?
Social development is instinct* bonding
Social development is interaction
* attachment
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
3/30
Psy 311: Attachment 3
WHAT DO BABIES COME
WITH? REFLEXES
crying, clinging, grasping, rooting
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
4/30
Psy 311: Attachment 4
Film Clip: Reflexes
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
5/30
Psy 311: Attachment 5
WHAT DO BABIES COME
WITH (Cont)?
SOCIABILITY
interest in people, gazing, ability to becomforted.
BABYNESS
size, facial features, movements, smell& feel.
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
6/30
Psy 311: Attachment 6
WHAT DO CAREGIVERS
COME WITH?
Interestin interactions Responsivenessto infants cries,
looks, sounds
Protectiveness
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
7/30Psy 311: Attachment 7
FUNCTIONS OF
ATTACHMENT
BABY BEHAVIOR cling, grasp, huddle
cry
call, look for, crawl to, hide behind
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
8/30Psy 311: Attachment 8
FUNCTIONS OF
ATTACHMENT (Cont)
PARENT RESPONSE
hold in return come
comfort and repair or protect
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
9/30Psy 311: Attachment 9
WHATS THE POINT OF
ATTACHMENT?
IN TIMES OF DANGER:
KEEP CHILD SAFE keep child close to caregiver
bring caregiver
get to caregiver
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
10/30Psy 311: Attachment 10
WHATS THE POINT OF
ATTACHMENT (Cont)? IN REGULAR TIMES:
CHILD FEELS SAFE
allow exploration
allow play
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
11/30Psy 311: Attachment 11
DEFINITION OF ATTACHMENT
Strong affectionate bondthat binds a person to a
specific intimate companion
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
12/30Psy 311: Attachment 12
DEVELOPMENTAL COURSE
OF ATTACHMENT
1. Undiscriminating social responsiveness
(birth - 3 months) 2. Discriminating social responsiveness
(3 - 6 months)
3. Active proximity seeking/trueattachment
(7months - 3 years)
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
13/30Psy 311: Attachment 13
HOW CAN ATTACHMENT BEASSESSED?
METHODS: The Strange
Situation Paradigm.
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
14/30
Psy 311: Attachment 14
Film Clip: The Strange Situation
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
15/30
Psy 311: Attachment 15
FOUR ATTACHMENT
CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA
1. Exploration
2. Reaction to stranger
3. Separation from caregiver
4. Reunion with caregiver
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
16/30
Psy 311: Attachment 16
FOUR TYPES OFATTACHMENT:
SECURE: 1 TYPE
INSECURE: 2 TYPES
NEWTYPE
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
17/30
Psy 311: Attachment 17
1. SECURE ATTACHMENT
EXPLORATION: high
STRANGER: generally outgoing
SEPARATION: distress
REUNION: joy
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
18/30
Psy 311: Attachment 18
PARENTAL FACTORS
INFLUENCING ATTACHMENT
SECURE: RESPONSIVE TO
INFANTS NEEDS &SIGNALS
Theme: Trust building
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
19/30
Psy 311: Attachment 19
2. INSECURE-AVOIDANT
ATTACHMENT
EXPLORATION: high, unfocused STRANGER: indifferent
SEPARATION:low distress
REUNION: ignore, avoid
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
20/30
Psy 311: Attachment 20
PARENTAL FACTORSINFLUENCING ATTACHMENT
INSECURE IMPATIENT,
AVOIDANT UNRESPONSIVE,
REJECTING Theme: Indifference
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
21/30
Psy 311: Attachment 21
3. INSECURE-RESISTANT
ATTACHMENT
EXPLORATION: low
STRANGER:fearful, even
when caregiver is present
SEPARATION: hi distress REUNION: ambivalent,
wants contact but is angry
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
22/30
Psy 311: Attachment 22
PARENTAL FACTORS
INFLUENCING ATTACHMENT
INSECURE INCONSISTENT,
RESISTANT OVERALL MOREUNRESPONSIVE
THAN
RESPONSIVE TOINFANT
Theme: Lack of trust
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
23/30
Psy 311: Attachment 23
4. INSECURE-DISORGANIZED
ATTACHMENT
EXPLORATION: chaotic
STRANGER:uncertain, fearful
SEPARATION: variable
REUNION: distress
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
24/30
Psy 311: Attachment 24
PARENTAL FACTORSINFLUENCING ATTACHMENT
INSECURE ABUSIVE,DISORGANIZED UNPREDICT-
ABLE
(no coping strategy)
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
25/30
Psy 311: Attachment 25
Review: Kinds of Attachment
SECURE: joy on reunion
Caregiver: Responsive
AVOIDANT (insecure): indifference Caregiver: Rejecting
RESISTANT (insecure): ambivalence
Caregiver: Unpredictable DISORGANIZED (insecure): distress
Caregiver: Abusive
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
26/30
Psy 311: Attachment 26
QUESTIONS ABOUT
ATTACHEMENT 1. Occurs at birth?
2. To more than 1 person? 3. After 6 months?
4. Can attachments change?
5. Long-term effects?
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
27/30
Psy 311: Attachment 27
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF
ATTACHMENT
RELATIONSHIPS WITH...
Peers
Teachers
Romantic partners Own children
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
28/30
Psy 311: Attachment 28
HEALTHY INTERNAL
WORKING MODEL Trusting
Lovability Openness
Expressiveness
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
29/30
Psy 311: Attachment 29
MECHANISMS OF EFFECTS
INTERNAL WORKING MODELS
1. Insecure-Resistant: CLINGY,
DEMANDING 2. Insecure-Avoidant: DISTANT, COLD
CREATE RESPONSES IN OTHERS
-
8/13/2019 Attachment theory bowlby ainsworth
30/30
P 311 Att h t 30
ARE EFFECTS OF ATTACHMENT
IRREVERSIBLE?
NO!
Accept, understand, integrate, and goon!