Approaching everyday with enthusiasm, confidence and a positive outlook

ATTITUDE

MEANING OF ATTITUDE

• An attitude is an expression of favor or disfavor toward a person, place, thing, or event.

• Attitude is also measurable and changeable as well as influencing the person's emotion and behavior.

• POSITIVE ATTITUDE :- Positive mental attitude is a psychological term which describes a mental phenomenon in which the central idea is that one can increase achievement through optimistic thought processes.

• NEGATIVE ATTITUDE :-A negative attitude is characterized by a great disdain for everything. Someone who constantly points out the negative in everything.

MEASURING ATTITUDES

Explicit Measurements : Explicit measures tend to rely on self-reports or easily observed behaviors. These tend to involve bipolar scales (e.g., good-bad, favorable-unfavorable, support-oppose, etc.).

• Explicit measures can also be used by measuring the straightforward attribution of characteristics to nominate groups, such as "I feel that Baptists are....?" or "I think that men are...?“ Likert scales and other self-reports are also commonly used.

Implicit Measurements : Implicit measures are not consciously directed and are assumed to be automatic, which may make implicit measures more valid and reliable than explicit measures (such as self-reports).

• Implicit measures help account for these situations and look at attitudes that a person may not be aware of or want to show.

ATTITUDE FUNCTION

Daniel Katz classified attitudes into four different groups based on their functions

• UTILITARIAN: Attitudes often help people to adjust to their work environment.

• KNOWLEDGE: Attitudes provide standards and frames of reference that allow people to understand and perceive the world around him.

• EGO-DEFENSIVE: Attitudes help people to retain their dignity and self- image.

• VALUE-EXPRESSIVE: : Attitudes provide individuals with a basis for expressing their values.

ATTITUDE COMPONENTS

• Affective ComponentThe emotional or feeling segment of an attitude.

• Cognitive componentThe opinion or belief segment of an attitude.

• Behavioral ComponentAn intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something.

BARRIERS TO ATTITUDE CHANGE

• PRIOR COMMITMENTS

• STRONG COMMITMENT

• PUBLICLY EXPRESSED ATTITUDES

• LOW CREDIBILITY

• INSUFFICIENT INFORMATION

• DEGREE OF FEAR

SUGGESTIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

• Clarify your purpose and visualize your purpose realized in future.

• Expect more from yourself and set goals for yourself

• Do not wait for happiness, better try to work towards happiness

• Deal with problems effectively, do not run away from them

• Develop a routine to start every day in a positive mental state

• See positive approach in troubles

• Be optimistic, this is an golden rule to maintain positive attitude

• Do self talk