Attitudes toward globalizationAttitudes toward globalization

virtuefoundation.org

Characteristic features of globalization Characteristic features of globalization in international relationsin international relations

Process of many levels, meanings and „faces”Process of many levels, meanings and „faces” Based on international economical and trade Based on international economical and trade

policy of the states policy of the states Unlimited flow of knowledge, technology, Unlimited flow of knowledge, technology,

information, capital and services information, capital and services States are no longer the only actors on States are no longer the only actors on

international scene (organizations, international scene (organizations, coprorations)coprorations)

Makes the world smaller and more unifiedMakes the world smaller and more unified

ATTITUDES TOWARD ATTITUDES TOWARD GLOBALIZATIONGLOBALIZATION

3 major3 major schools of thought schools of thought:: HHYPERGLOBALIZERSYPERGLOBALIZERS

SSCEPTICSCEPTICS TRANSFORMATIONALISTSTRANSFORMATIONALISTS

3 major3 major attitudes:attitudes:

PRO-GLOBALISTSPRO-GLOBALISTS ANTI-GLOBALISTSANTI-GLOBALISTS

ALTER-GLOBALISTSALTER-GLOBALISTS

HYPERGLOBALIZERSHYPERGLOBALIZERS

Globalization:Globalization: New era in the worldNew era in the world Based on economical Based on economical

changeschanges Reaches all the Reaches all the

peoplepeople Global market placeGlobal market place

Kenihi Ohmae

HYPERGLOBALIZERSHYPERGLOBALIZERS

In the present era we observe an In the present era we observe an existence of a existence of a single global economysingle global economy integrating the world's major economic integrating the world's major economic regions. regions.

Today it is Today it is global finance and corporate global finance and corporate capitalcapital, rather than states, which influence , rather than states, which influence organization, location and distribution of organization, location and distribution of economic power and wealth. economic power and wealth.

HYPERGLOBALIZERSHYPERGLOBALIZERS

Authority of states is territorially bound Authority of states is territorially bound global global markets can escape effective political regulation. markets can escape effective political regulation.

In borderless economy, states have to In borderless economy, states have to accommodate global market forces. accommodate global market forces.

Multilateral institutions of global economic Multilateral institutions of global economic surveillance, especially the G7, IMF, World Bank surveillance, especially the G7, IMF, World Bank and WTO, function to manage this growing and WTO, function to manage this growing 'global market civilisation''global market civilisation'..

HYPERGLOBALIZERSHYPERGLOBALIZERS

In this 'runaway world' In this 'runaway world'

nation states nation states

can no longer can no longer

effectively manage or regulate effectively manage or regulate

their own national economiestheir own national economies

HYPERGLOBALISERSHYPERGLOBALISERS

ENTHUSIASTS

PRO globalists

RADICALS

ANTI globalists

SCEPTICSSCEPTICS

Globalization:Globalization: New era – mythNew era – myth Another step in the Another step in the

process of economical process of economical developmentdevelopment

Based on the Based on the regionalization into 3 regionalization into 3 major blocks: Europe, major blocks: Europe, Asia – Pacific, North Asia – Pacific, North AmericaAmerica Paul Hirst

SCEPTICSSCEPTICS

There is an intensification of There is an intensification of international international interdependence interdependence

BUT BUT

the intensity of the intensity of globalglobal interdependence interdependence is exaggeratedis exaggerated

Globalization is a phenomenon Globalization is a phenomenon connected to the connected to the richest countriesrichest countries..

SCEPTICSSCEPTICS

There is no unified global economy There is no unified global economy The world is breaking up into several The world is breaking up into several

major economic and political blocsmajor economic and political blocs Too much emphasis on footloose Too much emphasis on footloose

capital and a new global capitalist capital and a new global capitalist orderorder

The end of state – overstated The end of state – overstated

TRANSFORMATIONALISTSTRANSFORMATIONALISTS

Globalization:Globalization: Main force of changesMain force of changes

on political, economical on political, economical

and social levelsand social levels New world orderNew world order

which needs somewhich needs some

adaptation andadaptation and

transformationtransformation Anthony Giddens

TRANSFORMATIONALISTSTRANSFORMATIONALISTS

Globalization determines new international Globalization determines new international orderorder

International relations are influenced by International relations are influenced by globalizationglobalization

States have to adjust their role to the new States have to adjust their role to the new situationsituation

New institutions come into picture and New institutions come into picture and new regulations must be appliednew regulations must be applied

3 schools of thought – summary3 schools of thought – summary

1. 1. HyperglobalizersHyperglobalizers one single global one single global economy; end of stateeconomy; end of state

2. 2. ScepticsSceptics 3 major economical regional 3 major economical regional blocs; states less importantblocs; states less important

3. 3. TransformationalistsTransformationalists new international new international order; states still important and in order; states still important and in control of ecomomycontrol of ecomomy

Always two major attitudes:Always two major attitudes:

PROPRO globalization globalization ANTIANTI globalization globalization

Sometimes a third attitude:Sometimes a third attitude:

ALTERALTER globalization globalization

PROPRO globalization - globalization - ENTHUSIASTS

Globalization is an excellent process ofGlobalization is an excellent process ofthe world developmentthe world development

Only in the globalization effects can weOnly in the globalization effects can wefind the future of international relationsfind the future of international relations

It is a time of new world order adjusted toIt is a time of new world order adjusted tonew situationsnew situations

Icons of globalizationIcons of globalization

boubekeur.blog.lemonde.fr www.tcnj.edu/~carullo3/body.html

ANTIANTI globalization - globalization - RADICALS

Globalization is all the evil in today’s Globalization is all the evil in today’s world and cares only about moneyworld and cares only about money

It divides the world into rich and poor (North and It divides the world into rich and poor (North and South of the world) South of the world)

It is the cause of all the global problemsIt is the cause of all the global problems

Antiglobalization movements spread throughout Antiglobalization movements spread throughout the worldthe world

collisiondetection.net

buffalojwj.org/globalization.html

ALTERGLOBALISTSALTERGLOBALISTS

Globalization is an inevitable processGlobalization is an inevitable process

Globalization needs a human, notGlobalization needs a human, notmoney facemoney face

José BovéJosé Bové - from France - world known alterglobalist - from France - world known alterglobalistfights OGM - organisms genetically modified fights OGM - organisms genetically modified

Different levels of globalizationDifferent levels of globalization

Economical levelEconomical level Cultural levelCultural level Political levelPolitical level Ecological levelEcological level Technical levelTechnical level Educational levelEducational level ......

IMPORTANT VOCABULARYIMPORTANT VOCABULARY

ECONOMIC POWERECONOMIC POWER MARKET FORCESMARKET FORCES STATE AUTHORITYSTATE AUTHORITY TRADE POLICYTRADE POLICY NATIONAL ECONOMYNATIONAL ECONOMY INTERDEPENDENCEINTERDEPENDENCE INTERNATIONAL ORDERINTERNATIONAL ORDER FOOTLOOSE CAPITALFOOTLOOSE CAPITAL DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT ANTIGLOBALIZATION MOVEMENTANTIGLOBALIZATION MOVEMENT