attrition in writing ability among adult efl persian learners * dr. azadeh asgari
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8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 1/16
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 2/16
Ifhejygukc g` sao XsuctSadx sfqgkgmdhfb `yfmozgye dx |yg|gxoc it Pfk Obx !6410$ zdsadk zadhasadx bfkjufjo fssydsdgk yoxofyha zdbb io hgkcuhsoc+ Sao xsuct gk bfkjufjofssydsdgk afx iook hbfxxd`doc dksg sao `gbbgzdkj hfsojgydox>
B6 bgxx dk B6 okpdygkmoks> Cdfbohs bgxx
B6 bgxx dk B9 okpdygkmoks> Dmmdjyfks
B9 bgxx dk B6 okpdygkmoks> @gyodjk bfkjufjo fssydsdgk
B9 bgxx dk B9 okpdygkmoks> Bfkjufjo yopoyxdgk dk obcoybt |og|bo
Afkxok !9<<6f$ yomfyeoc safs )bfkjufjo fssydsdgk afx iook xsucdoc `gy szg
yofxgkx5 @dyxs g` fbb" yoxofyhaoyx afpo sfeok dksoyoxs dk ekgzdkj fssydsdgk|yghoxxox fkc saok" ds afx jgs hgkxdcoyfibo |ocfjgjdhfb dm|bdhfsdgkx)+Fx yomfyeoc it Xhamdc !9<<?$" )saoyo fyo mfkt `gymx g` fssydsdgk" fkc gkost|o sfeox |bfho zaok `gyodjk bfkjufjo bofykoyx fyo dk hgksfhs zdsa saobfkjufjo)+ Sgmdtfmf |gdksoc gus safs fhvudxdsdgk fkc fssydsdgk mdjas ghhuyfs sao xfmo sdmo+
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 3/16
Xsfsomoks g` sao \ygibom F aujo fmguks g` iucjos dx yomfyeoc fkkufbbt `gy sao
copobg|moks g` Okjbdxa |yg`dhdokht+
Okjbdxa bfkjufjo dx f `gyodjk bfkjufjo `gy Dyfkdfk |og|bo+
Sofhaoyx xdm|bt djkgyoc xsucoksx— hubsuyox+
Sao ukdpoyxdst xtbbfiux `gy SO@B
Sao mfhyg fkc mdhyg xedbbx g` zydsdkj
Mosagc g` sofhadkj bfkjufjo !d+o+" sao Jyfmmfy-SyfkxbfsdgkMosagc$
Okpdygkmoks
Bfhe g` mfxsoyt g` saody jyfmmfsdhfb hgm|osokho
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 4/16
Jokoyfb Ginohsdpo >
Sao |uy|gxo fkc jokoyfb ginohsdpo g` sadx xsuct dx sg |ygpdco ifxobdko cfsf `gy
`usuyo yoxofyha gk Zydsdkj Fidbdst Fssydsdgk fmgkj Fcubs O@B \oyxdfkBofykoyx" dk D+Y+Dyfk+
X|ohd`dh Ginohsdpo>
Sg dcoksd`t sao cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g` jyfmmfsdhfbmgy|aomox gk hgksdkudkj fkc kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao dksoymocdfso
bopob+
Sg dcoksd`t sao cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g` jyfmmfsdhfb
mgy|aomox gk hgksdkudkj fkc kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao fcpfkhoc bopob+
Yoxofyha Ginohsdpox
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 5/16
Yoxofyha At|gsaoxdx
Saoyo fyo kg cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g` jyfmmfsdhfb
mgy|aomox x gk hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao dksoymocdfso bopob+
Saoyo fyo kg cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g` jyfmmfsdhfbmgy|aomox gk kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao dksoymocdfso bopob+
Saoyo fyo kg cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g` jyfmmfsdhfb
mgy|aomox gk hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao fcpfkhoc bopob+
Saoyo fyo kg cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g` jyfmmfsdhfb
mgy|aomox gk kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao fcpfkhoc bopob+
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 6/16
Bdmdsfsdgk g` sao Xsuct Sao fx|ohsx g` zydsdkj fidbdst zadha io oqfmdkoc dk sadx yoxofyha dx bdmdsoc+
Bofykoyx afc kg hagdho fkc afc sg zydso gk f |yo-fxxdjkoc sg|dh5
Sao fssydsdgk g` bofykdkj xsyfsojdox fkc sofhadkj mosagcgbgjt fyo kgs
hgksygbboc+ Sao fmguks g` gus-g`-hbfxx oq|gxuyo sg b9 dk xsfjo gko fkc sao fjo g` dkdsdfb
oq|gxuyo sg b9" sao cojyoo g` mgsdpfso" fssdsuco fkc f``ohsdpo fyo kgs
hgksygbboc dk sadx xsuct+
Sao kumioy g` yox|gkcoksx dkpgbpoc dk sadx xsuct dx gkbt `guy aukcyoc
xsucoksx+ @gy kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx" ds zfx kgs |gxxdibo sg hgksygb `gy oqsyfkogux
pfydfibox xuha fx yo`oyokhox sg cdhsdgkfydox gy gsaoy `gymx g` fxxdxsfkho+
Dk fccdsdgk" sadx xsuct dkpoxsdjfsox fssydsdgk dk fcubs bofykoyx gkbt+
Sao fx|ohsx g` st|ox fkc kumioyx g` pghfiubfyt zadha io oqfmdkoc dk sadx
yoxofyha dx bdmdsoc+
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 7/16
Yopdoz g` sao Bdsoyfsuyo Xsfjox dk Bfkjufjo Fssydsdgk
Hgjkdsdpo \yghoxxox fkc Hfuxo g` Fssydsdgk
Hgm|osdkj At|gsaoxdx
Dm|gysfks Pfydfibox dk Fssydsdgk Xsucdox
Yfso fkc \fssoyk g` Fssydsdgk
Bofykdkj fkc Yobofykdkj Pghfiubfyt
Fssydsdgk dk Jyfmmfy
B6 Fssydsdgk px+ B9 Fssydsdgk
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 8/16
Sadx yoxofyha hgm|fyox szg jygu|x g` sao xuinohsx g` xsuct gk sao xfmo
pfydfibox safs afpo iook cgko dk |fxs yoxofyhaox+ Fx saoyo dx kg
syofsmoks dk sadx xsuct" sao yoxofyhaoy cosoymdkoc sao yobfsdgkxad|x
ioszook sao pfydgux pfydfibox+ Aokho" sao coxdjk xobohsoc `gy sadx xsuctdx sao vufksdsfsdpo yoxofyha !oq-|gxs `fhsg$+
Sao coxdjkfsdgk g` oq-|gxs `fhsg" `ygm Bfsdk `gy )f`soy sao `fhs)" dx uxoc
sg cosoymdko sao kfsuyfb hguyxo g` opoksx+ Dsx |uy|gxo sg dkpoxsdjfso sao
hfuxo-fkc-o``ohs yobfsdgkxad|x ioszook sao DP fkc CP" zaoyo saoyoxofyhaoy hfkkgs yfkcgmbt fxxdjk xuinohsx sg cd``oyoks hgkcdsdgkx gy
mfkd|ubfso sao dkco|okcoks pfydfibo cdyohsbt+
Mosagcgbgjt
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 9/16
Bghfsdgk" \g|ubfsdgk & Xfm|bdkjSadx xsuct dx hgkcuhsoc dk sao Dxbfmdh Yo|uibdh g` Dyfk+ Sao yoxofyha
bghfsdgk dx dk sao hf|dsfb g` Dyfk" Soayfk fs sao EDXA Okjbdxa Bfkjufjo
Dkxsdsuso+
Fk fhhdcoksfb xfm|bdkj g` sao mfdk mfngy g` kgk-|ygifidbdst xfm|bdkj
om|bgtoc dk sadx yoxofyha+ Sao xuinohsx dk sadx xsuct hgkxdxs g` szg
aukcyoc mfbo fkc `omfbo fcubs Dyfkdfk bfkjufjo bofykoyx zag afpo
yojdxsoyoc dk dksoymocdfso fkc fcpfkhoc !D\B8 & F\B$ bopobx fs saoEDXA Dkxsdsuso Okjbdxa Bfkjufjo dk mdqoc hbfxxox cuydkj sao x|ydkj fkc
xummoy xofxgk dk 9<<4+
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 10/16
Tuefzf !9<<6$ xujjoxsoc safs f kumioy g` `dobc |yghocuyox fyo sg io uxoc sg
hgbbohs dk`gymfsdgk `gy bfkjufjo bofykdkj yoxofyhaox" xuha fx vuoxsdgkkfdyox"
dksoypdozx" soxsx" gixoypfsdgkx fkc sadke-fbguc+ F hgm|gxdsdgk soxs zfx
om|bgtoc dk sao |yoxoks xsuct `gy cfsf obdhdsfsdgk+
OXB'O@B HGM\GXDSDGK \YG@DBO !Nfhgi" 6416$
Yoxofyha Dkxsyumoks
o``ohsdpo hgm|boq hgkxsyuhsdgkx 5 `oz oyygyx g` fjyoomoks" sokxo"
kumioy" zgyc gycoy'`ukhsdgk" fysdhbox 5 `oz oyygyx g` |ygkgukx"|yo|gxdsdgkx
Jyfmmfsdhfb Mgy|aomoHydsoydf
xg|adxsdhfsoc yfkjo 5 o``ohsdpo zgyc'dcdgm hagdho & uxfjo5 zgyc`gym mfxsoyt5 f||yg|ydfso yojdxsoy Boqdhfb Cokxdst Hydsoydf ekgzbocjofibo 5 xuixsfksdpo5 sagyguja copobg|moks g` saoxdx5yobopfks sg fxxdjkoc sg|dh Xtksfhsdh Hgm|boqdst Hydsoydf comgkxsyfsox mfxsoyt g` hgkpoksdgkx5 `oz oyygyx g` x|obbdkj5 `ozoyygyx g` x|obbdkj |ukhsufsdgk5 `oz oyygyx g` x|obbdkj hf|dsfbd~fsdgkfkc |fyfjyf|adkj
Mohafkdhx Hydsoydf
`buoks oq|yoxxdgk 5 dcofx hbofybt xsfsoc' xu||gysoc5 xuhhdkhs 5 zobb-gyjfkd~oc5 bgjdhfb xovuokhdkj5 hgaoxdpo Gyjfkd~fsdgk Hydsoydf
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 11/16
Cfsf HgbbohsdgkSao cfsf g` sadx xsuct zoyo hgbbohsoc dk szg xo|fyfso xsfjox zdsa fk
dksoypfb |oydgc g` xdq mgksax+ Sao hgm|gxdsdgk soxs zfx fcmdkdxsyfsoc
cuydkj hbfxx sdmo dk gko xoxxdgk+
Dk sao `dyxs xsfjo zadha zfx sgzfycx sao okc g` sao xummoy soym !saookc g` Xo|somioy 9<<4$" fbb g` sao |fysdhd|fksx xfs `gy sao soxs+
F`soy sao |oydgc g` xdq mgksax" zadha zfx sao xohgkc xsfjo" sao
hgksdkudkj jygu| !sagxo zag zgubc io fssokcdkj hbfxxox dk sao koqs
soym" sao okc g` Mft 9<6<$ sgge sao xfmo soxs dk sao hbfxx+
Sao yoxofyhaoy fbxg xoks fk obohsygkdh poyxdgk gy afyc hg|dox g` sao soxs
sg sao kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx f`soy mfedkj xuyo safs saoxo xsucoksx afc
kg hgksfhs zdsa sao Okjbdxa bfkjufjo cuydkj sao |oydgc g` dksoypfb+
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 12/16
Comgjyf|adhx Hafyfhsoydxsdhx g` sao Yox|gkcoksx
Dk sao |yoxoks xsuct" saoyo fyo sao Dksoymocdfso fkc Fcpfkhoc bopobx zdsasao xfmo |oyhoksfjo `ygm sao sgsfb g` |g|ubfsdgk+ Fbb |fysdhd|fsoc fyoDyfkdfkx |og|bo zdsa \oyxdfk fx saody mgsaoy bfkjufjo+
@dkcdkjx
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 13/16
Fssydsdgk*x Bopob g` sao Jyfmmfsdhfb Mgy|aomox
Sao yoxubsx g` sao gko-zft FKGPF sfibox dkcdhfso
safs sao hgksdkudkj xsucoksx cg kgs ukcoyjg
xdjkd`dhfks fssydsdgk g` sao uxdkj jyfmmfsdhfb
mgy|aomo fhygxx cd``oyoks |yg`dhdokht bopobx
zaoyofx `gy sao kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx" saot afpo
ukcoyjgko f xdjkd`dhfks bopob zdsa sao jyfmmfsdhfb
mgy|aomo fs sao dksoymocdfso fkc fcpfkhoc|yg`dhdokht bopobx dk xsfjox+
Saux" dk sadx xsuct" f syokc g` fssydsdgk dk zydsdkj
fidbdst gk kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx zdsa cd``oyoks
|yg`dhdokht bopobx fs xsfjox dx gixoypoc+
@dkcdkjx
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 14/16
HgkhbuxdgkSao yoxubsx g` sadx yoxofyha yopofboc safs sao hgksdkudkj xsucoksx cg kgs
oq|oydokho fssydsdgk zdsa sao jyfmmfsdhfb mgy|aomo fhygxx cd``oyoks
|yg`dhdokht bopobx+ Dk x|dso g` sao xagys |oydgc g` kgk-uxo" kgk-
hgksdkudkj xsucoksx afpo xagzk f syokc g` fssydsdgk fhygxx cd``oyoks|yg`dhdokht bopobx+ Dk hgksyfxs sg |yopdgux xsucdox" jyfmmfsdhfb
mgy|aomox suykoc gus sg io mgyo yoxdxsfks sg fssydsdgk+
Hgkxovuoksbt" fhhgycdkj sg sadx yoxubs" sao `dyxs fkc sadyc kubb
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Ag$5 zadbo" sao xohgkc fkc `guysa gkox zoyo yonohsoc `gy sao kgk-
hgksdkudkj bofykoyx fhygxx cd``oyoks |yg`dhdokht bopobx !xdj-@2ζ" Yonohs
Ag$+
8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 15/16
Yo`oyokhoxFyoks" Y+ !9<<8$+ \ygmgsdkj yopdxdgk fkc copobg|moks dk B9 zydsdkj sayguja f hgmidkfsdgk-ifxoc huyydhubum+ Sao Egyof SOXGB
Nguykfb" Pgb+0" Kg+6" 6-90+
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6<?- 661+
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8?8+
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8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 16/16
Yo`oyokhoxNfx|foys" E+" Eyggk" X+ & Agus" Y+ P+ !6410$+ \gdksx g` yo`oyokho dk `dyxs-bfkjufjo bgxx yoxofyha+ Dk Zobsokx os fb+ !ocx+$+ Bfkjufjo fssydsdgk dk
|ygjyoxx" 8:-34+
Eg|eo" I+ !9<<3$+ Kouygbdkjudxsdhx fx|ohsx g` fssydsdgk+ Nguykfb g` Kouygbdkjudxsdhx" Pgb+ 6:+8-8<+
Bopobs" Z+ N+ M+ !6414$+ X|ofedkj+ @ygm dksoksdgk sg fysdhubfsdgk+ Hfmiydcjo" Mfxx+> Sao MDS \yoxx+
Muysfja" B+ !9<<8$+ Saogyosdhfb fkc om|dydhfb dxxuox dk xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgk+ Yosydopoc Nubt 6" 9<<?" `ygm > zzz+_i+yuj+kb'obcgh'cdx'fysx'b+muysfja'saoxdx+|c`
Kfo" K+ !9<<3$+ Dk Co`okxo g` Syfkxbfsdgk+ K_HI Nguykfb g` bfkjufjo Hubsuyo fkc Hgmmukdhfsdgk"0!6$"8?-330+Mfyha 9<<:+
Kfjfxfzf" X+ !6444$+ Bofykdkj fkc bgxdkj Nf|fkoxo fx f xohgkc bfkjufjo> F mubsd|bo hfxo xsuct g` Fmoydhfk ukdpoyxdst xsucoksx+ Dk B+ Afkxok !Oc+$"Xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgk dk Nf|fkoxo hgksoqsx !||+604-644$+ Koz Tgye> Gq`gyc \yoxx+
Gq`gyc" Y+ !6419$+ Yoxofyha gk bfkjufjo bgxx> F yopdoz zdsa dm|bdhfsdgkx `gy `gyodjk bfkjufjo sofhadkj+ Sao Mgcoyk Bfkjufjo Nguykfb" 00" 6<0-604+
\fyfcdx" M+ !9<<3$+ F Kouygbdkjudxsdh Saogyt g` Idbdkjufbdxm+ Fmxsoycfm' \adbfcob|adf>Ngak Ioknfmdkx+
\fpbokeg" F+ !9<<3$+ B9 dk`buokho fkc B6 fssydsdgk dk fcubsx idbdkjufbdxm+ Dk M+ xhamdc os fb+ !Ocx+$" @dyxs bfkjufjo fssydsdgk !||+3:-?4$+ _XF> NgakIoknfmdkx Kgysa Fmoydhf+
Ygxx" B+ !9<<9$+ Sao ygbo g` zgyc hbfxx dk sao fssydsdgk g` xhaggb-bo fykoc @yokha> Fyo kgukx gy poyix mgyo bdeobt sg io bgxs7 Yosydopoc Nubt 66" 9<<?"`ygm zzz+ag`xsyf+ocu'|c`'bdi ukcoyjyfc yoxfzfycW9<<8+|c`
Xhamdc" M+ X+ !9<<3$+ @dyxs Bfkjufjo Fssydsdgk> Sao Mosagcgbgjt Yopdxoc" Dksoykfsdgkfb Nguykfb g` Idbdkjufbdxm" 1" 984 ‘ 9??+
Xhamdc" M+ X+ !9<<?$+ Sao Bfkjufjo Fssydsdgk Soxs Ifssoyt> F Yoxofyha Mfkufb+ MX" _kdpoyxdst g` Jygkdkjok+
Xmdsa" B+ Y+ !9<<9$+ Sao xghdfb fyhadsohsuyo g` hgmmukdhfsdpo hgm|osokho> F mosagcgbgjt `gy xghdfb-koszgye yoxofyha dk xghdgbdkjudxsdhx+Dksoykfsdgkfb Nguykfb g` sao Xghdgbgjt g` Bfkjufjo" 6?8" 688-60<+
Sgmdtfmf" M+ !6444$+ Sao `dyxs xsfjo g` xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgk> F hfxo xsuct g` f Nf|fkoxo yosuykoo+ Dk B+ Afkxok !Oc+$+ Xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgkdk Nf|fkoxo hgksoqsx !||+?4-:4$+ Koz Tgye> Gq`gyc _kdpoyxdst \yoxx" Dkh+
Pfk" Obx" S+ !6410$+ Fk gpoypdoz g` Ouyg|ofk yoxofyha gk bfkjufjo fssydsdgk+ Dk I+Zobsokx" E+ co Igs fkc S+ pfk Obx !Ocx+$" Bfkjufjo Fssydsdgk dk\ygjyoxx !||+861$+Cgycyohas> @gydx+
Zobsokx" I+" & Jyokcob" M+ !6448$+ Fssydsdgk g` pghfiubfyt ekgzbocjo+ Dk Y+ Xhayoucoy & I+ Zobsokx !Ocx+$" Sao Idbdkjufb Boqdhgk+ !||+ 68?-6?0$+Fmxsoycfm> Ngak Ioknfmdk+
Tfmjuy" E+ !9<<3$+ Dxxuox dk `dkcdkj sao f||yg|ydfso mosagcgbgjt dk bfkjufjo fssydsdgk yoxofyha+ Dk M+ Xhamdc os fb+ !Ocx+$" @dyxs bfkjufjo fssydsdgk!||+688-603$+ _XF> Ngak Ioknfmdk Kgysa Fmoydhf
Tuefzf" O+ !9<<6$+ Xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgk dk Nf|fkoxo hgksoqsx+ F||bdoc Bdkjudxsdhx" 96'6" 693-694+