attrition in writing ability among adult efl persian learners * dr. azadeh asgari

16
Ifhejygukc g` sao Xsuct Sao xsuct g` bfkjufjo fssydsdgk afx yohoksbt omoyjoc fx f koz `dobc g` xsuct+ Sao hgkho|sdgk g` bgxx dk bfkjufjo xedbbx ghhuyyoc dk f hgk`oyokho fs sao _kdpoyxdst g` \okkxtbpfkdf !_\okk$ dk 641<+ Dk bdsoyfsuyo" sao soym *bfkjufjo bgxx* fkc *bfkjufjo fssydsdgk* afpo iook uxoc dksoyhafkjofibt " zaoyo Bfkjufjo fssydsdgk dx xu||gxocbt f||bdhfibo sg bfkjufjo bgxx+ Sadx dx iohfuxo bfkjufjo bgxx xujjoxsx safs bdkjudxsdh dk`gymfsdgk dx sgsfbbt yomgpoc `ygm sao momgyt g` fk dkcdpdcufb" zaoyofx dk bfkjufjo fssydsdgk" bdkjudxsdh dk`gymfsdgk iohgmox dkfhhoxxdibo sg sao dkcdpdcufb+ Dkfhhoxxdidbdst dx f mfssoy g` cojyoo fkc sao cojyoo adkjox gk pfydgux yofxgkx xuha fx |yg`dhdokht bopobx" xghdfb" o``ohsdpo fkc gsaoy |oyxgkfbdst `fhsgyx+ @gy bfkjufjo mfdksokfkho" `gyjossdkj gy bgxdkj bfkjufjo xedbbx dx co`dkoc fx f |ygibom dk yohoks cohfcox+

Upload: dr-azadeh-asgari

Post on 06-Apr-2018

229 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 1/16

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 2/16

Ifhejygukc g` sao XsuctSadx sfqgkgmdhfb `yfmozgye dx |yg|gxoc it Pfk Obx !6410$ zdsadk zadhasadx bfkjufjo fssydsdgk yoxofyha zdbb io hgkcuhsoc+ Sao xsuct gk bfkjufjofssydsdgk afx iook hbfxxd`doc dksg sao `gbbgzdkj hfsojgydox>

B6 bgxx dk B6 okpdygkmoks> Cdfbohs bgxx

B6 bgxx dk B9 okpdygkmoks> Dmmdjyfks

B9 bgxx dk B6 okpdygkmoks> @gyodjk bfkjufjo fssydsdgk

B9 bgxx dk B9 okpdygkmoks> Bfkjufjo yopoyxdgk dk obcoybt |og|bo

Afkxok !9<<6f$ yomfyeoc safs )bfkjufjo fssydsdgk afx iook xsucdoc `gy szg

yofxgkx5 @dyxs g` fbb" yoxofyhaoyx afpo sfeok dksoyoxs dk ekgzdkj fssydsdgk|yghoxxox fkc saok" ds afx jgs hgkxdcoyfibo |ocfjgjdhfb dm|bdhfsdgkx)+Fx yomfyeoc it Xhamdc !9<<?$" )saoyo fyo mfkt `gymx g` fssydsdgk" fkc gkost|o sfeox |bfho zaok `gyodjk bfkjufjo bofykoyx fyo dk hgksfhs zdsa saobfkjufjo)+ Sgmdtfmf |gdksoc gus safs fhvudxdsdgk fkc fssydsdgk mdjas ghhuyfs sao xfmo sdmo+

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 3/16

Xsfsomoks g` sao \ygibom F aujo fmguks g` iucjos dx yomfyeoc fkkufbbt `gy sao

copobg|moks g` Okjbdxa |yg`dhdokht+

Okjbdxa bfkjufjo dx f `gyodjk bfkjufjo `gy Dyfkdfk |og|bo+

Sofhaoyx xdm|bt djkgyoc xsucoksx— hubsuyox+

Sao ukdpoyxdst xtbbfiux `gy SO@B

Sao mfhyg fkc mdhyg xedbbx g` zydsdkj

Mosagc g` sofhadkj bfkjufjo !d+o+" sao Jyfmmfy-SyfkxbfsdgkMosagc$

Okpdygkmoks

Bfhe g` mfxsoyt g` saody jyfmmfsdhfb hgm|osokho

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 4/16

Jokoyfb Ginohsdpo >

Sao |uy|gxo fkc jokoyfb ginohsdpo g` sadx xsuct dx sg |ygpdco ifxobdko cfsf `gy

`usuyo yoxofyha gk Zydsdkj Fidbdst Fssydsdgk fmgkj Fcubs O@B \oyxdfkBofykoyx" dk D+Y+Dyfk+

X|ohd`dh Ginohsdpo> 

Sg dcoksd`t sao cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g` jyfmmfsdhfbmgy|aomox gk hgksdkudkj fkc kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao dksoymocdfso

bopob+

Sg dcoksd`t sao cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g` jyfmmfsdhfb

mgy|aomox gk hgksdkudkj fkc kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao fcpfkhoc bopob+

Yoxofyha Ginohsdpox

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 5/16

Yoxofyha At|gsaoxdx 

Saoyo fyo kg cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g`  jyfmmfsdhfb

mgy|aomox x gk hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao dksoymocdfso bopob+

Saoyo fyo kg cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g`  jyfmmfsdhfbmgy|aomox gk kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao dksoymocdfso bopob+

Saoyo fyo kg cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g`  jyfmmfsdhfb

mgy|aomox gk hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao fcpfkhoc bopob+

Saoyo fyo kg cd``oyokhox ioszook B9 fssydsdgk yfso g`  jyfmmfsdhfb

mgy|aomox gk kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx fs sao fcpfkhoc bopob+

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 6/16

Bdmdsfsdgk g` sao Xsuct Sao fx|ohsx g` zydsdkj fidbdst zadha io oqfmdkoc dk sadx yoxofyha dx bdmdsoc+

Bofykoyx afc kg hagdho fkc afc sg zydso gk f |yo-fxxdjkoc sg|dh5

Sao fssydsdgk g` bofykdkj xsyfsojdox fkc sofhadkj mosagcgbgjt fyo kgs

hgksygbboc+ Sao fmguks g` gus-g`-hbfxx oq|gxuyo sg b9 dk xsfjo gko fkc sao fjo g` dkdsdfb

oq|gxuyo sg b9" sao cojyoo g` mgsdpfso" fssdsuco fkc f``ohsdpo fyo kgs

hgksygbboc dk sadx xsuct+

Sao kumioy g` yox|gkcoksx dkpgbpoc dk sadx xsuct dx gkbt `guy aukcyoc

xsucoksx+ @gy kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx" ds zfx kgs |gxxdibo sg hgksygb `gy oqsyfkogux

pfydfibox xuha fx yo`oyokhox sg cdhsdgkfydox gy gsaoy `gymx g` fxxdxsfkho+

Dk fccdsdgk" sadx xsuct dkpoxsdjfsox fssydsdgk dk fcubs bofykoyx gkbt+

Sao fx|ohsx g` st|ox fkc kumioyx g` pghfiubfyt zadha io oqfmdkoc dk sadx

yoxofyha dx bdmdsoc+

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 7/16

Yopdoz g` sao Bdsoyfsuyo Xsfjox dk Bfkjufjo Fssydsdgk

Hgjkdsdpo \yghoxxox fkc Hfuxo g` Fssydsdgk

Hgm|osdkj At|gsaoxdx

Dm|gysfks Pfydfibox dk Fssydsdgk Xsucdox

Yfso fkc \fssoyk g` Fssydsdgk

Bofykdkj fkc Yobofykdkj Pghfiubfyt

Fssydsdgk dk Jyfmmfy

B6 Fssydsdgk px+ B9 Fssydsdgk

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 8/16

Sadx yoxofyha hgm|fyox szg jygu|x g` sao xuinohsx g` xsuct gk sao xfmo

pfydfibox safs afpo iook cgko dk |fxs yoxofyhaox+ Fx saoyo dx kg

syofsmoks dk sadx xsuct" sao yoxofyhaoy cosoymdkoc sao yobfsdgkxad|x

ioszook sao pfydgux pfydfibox+ Aokho" sao coxdjk xobohsoc `gy sadx xsuctdx sao vufksdsfsdpo yoxofyha !oq-|gxs `fhsg$+

Sao coxdjkfsdgk g` oq-|gxs `fhsg" `ygm Bfsdk `gy )f`soy sao `fhs)" dx uxoc

sg cosoymdko sao kfsuyfb hguyxo g` opoksx+ Dsx |uy|gxo sg dkpoxsdjfso sao

hfuxo-fkc-o``ohs yobfsdgkxad|x ioszook sao DP fkc CP" zaoyo saoyoxofyhaoy hfkkgs yfkcgmbt fxxdjk xuinohsx sg cd``oyoks hgkcdsdgkx gy

mfkd|ubfso sao dkco|okcoks pfydfibo cdyohsbt+

Mosagcgbgjt

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 9/16

Bghfsdgk" \g|ubfsdgk & Xfm|bdkjSadx xsuct dx hgkcuhsoc dk sao   Dxbfmdh Yo|uibdh g` Dyfk+ Sao yoxofyha

bghfsdgk dx dk sao hf|dsfb g` Dyfk" Soayfk fs sao EDXA Okjbdxa Bfkjufjo

Dkxsdsuso+

Fk fhhdcoksfb xfm|bdkj g` sao mfdk mfngy g` kgk-|ygifidbdst xfm|bdkj

om|bgtoc dk sadx yoxofyha+ Sao xuinohsx dk sadx xsuct hgkxdxs g` szg

aukcyoc mfbo fkc `omfbo fcubs Dyfkdfk bfkjufjo bofykoyx zag afpo

yojdxsoyoc dk dksoymocdfso fkc fcpfkhoc !D\B8 & F\B$ bopobx fs saoEDXA Dkxsdsuso Okjbdxa Bfkjufjo dk mdqoc hbfxxox cuydkj sao x|ydkj fkc

xummoy xofxgk dk 9<<4+

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 10/16

Tuefzf !9<<6$ xujjoxsoc safs f kumioy g` `dobc |yghocuyox fyo sg io uxoc sg

hgbbohs dk`gymfsdgk `gy bfkjufjo bofykdkj yoxofyhaox" xuha fx vuoxsdgkkfdyox"

dksoypdozx" soxsx" gixoypfsdgkx fkc sadke-fbguc+ F hgm|gxdsdgk soxs zfx

om|bgtoc dk sao |yoxoks xsuct `gy cfsf obdhdsfsdgk+

OXB'O@B HGM\GXDSDGK \YG@DBO !Nfhgi" 6416$ 

Yoxofyha Dkxsyumoks 

o``ohsdpo hgm|boq hgkxsyuhsdgkx 5 `oz oyygyx g` fjyoomoks" sokxo"

kumioy" zgyc gycoy'`ukhsdgk" fysdhbox 5 `oz oyygyx g` |ygkgukx"|yo|gxdsdgkx 

Jyfmmfsdhfb Mgy|aomoHydsoydf 

xg|adxsdhfsoc yfkjo 5 o``ohsdpo zgyc'dcdgm hagdho & uxfjo5 zgyc`gym mfxsoyt5 f||yg|ydfso yojdxsoy Boqdhfb Cokxdst Hydsoydf ekgzbocjofibo 5 xuixsfksdpo5 sagyguja copobg|moks g` saoxdx5yobopfks sg fxxdjkoc sg|dh Xtksfhsdh Hgm|boqdst Hydsoydf comgkxsyfsox mfxsoyt g` hgkpoksdgkx5 `oz oyygyx g` x|obbdkj5 `ozoyygyx g` x|obbdkj |ukhsufsdgk5 `oz oyygyx g` x|obbdkj hf|dsfbd~fsdgkfkc |fyfjyf|adkj 

Mohafkdhx Hydsoydf 

`buoks oq|yoxxdgk 5 dcofx hbofybt xsfsoc' xu||gysoc5 xuhhdkhs 5 zobb-gyjfkd~oc5 bgjdhfb xovuokhdkj5 hgaoxdpo Gyjfkd~fsdgk Hydsoydf 

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 11/16

Cfsf HgbbohsdgkSao cfsf g` sadx xsuct zoyo hgbbohsoc dk szg xo|fyfso xsfjox zdsa fk

dksoypfb |oydgc g` xdq mgksax+ Sao hgm|gxdsdgk soxs zfx fcmdkdxsyfsoc

cuydkj hbfxx sdmo dk gko xoxxdgk+

Dk sao `dyxs xsfjo zadha zfx sgzfycx sao okc g` sao xummoy soym !saookc g` Xo|somioy 9<<4$" fbb g` sao |fysdhd|fksx xfs `gy sao soxs+

F`soy sao |oydgc g` xdq mgksax" zadha zfx sao xohgkc xsfjo" sao

hgksdkudkj jygu| !sagxo zag zgubc io fssokcdkj hbfxxox dk sao koqs

soym" sao okc g` Mft 9<6<$ sgge sao xfmo soxs dk sao hbfxx+

Sao yoxofyhaoy fbxg xoks fk obohsygkdh poyxdgk gy afyc hg|dox g` sao soxs

sg sao kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx f`soy mfedkj xuyo safs saoxo xsucoksx afc

kg hgksfhs zdsa sao Okjbdxa bfkjufjo cuydkj sao |oydgc g` dksoypfb+ 

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 12/16

Comgjyf|adhx Hafyfhsoydxsdhx g` sao Yox|gkcoksx 

Dk sao |yoxoks xsuct" saoyo fyo sao Dksoymocdfso fkc Fcpfkhoc bopobx zdsasao xfmo |oyhoksfjo `ygm sao sgsfb g` |g|ubfsdgk+ Fbb |fysdhd|fsoc fyoDyfkdfkx |og|bo zdsa \oyxdfk fx saody mgsaoy bfkjufjo+

@dkcdkjx

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 13/16

Fssydsdgk*x Bopob g` sao Jyfmmfsdhfb Mgy|aomox

Sao yoxubsx g` sao gko-zft FKGPF sfibox dkcdhfso

safs sao hgksdkudkj xsucoksx cg kgs ukcoyjg

xdjkd`dhfks fssydsdgk g` sao uxdkj jyfmmfsdhfb

mgy|aomo fhygxx cd``oyoks |yg`dhdokht bopobx

zaoyofx `gy sao kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx" saot afpo

ukcoyjgko f xdjkd`dhfks bopob zdsa sao jyfmmfsdhfb

mgy|aomo fs sao dksoymocdfso fkc fcpfkhoc|yg`dhdokht bopobx dk xsfjox+

Saux" dk sadx xsuct" f syokc g` fssydsdgk dk zydsdkj

fidbdst gk kgk-hgksdkudkj xsucoksx zdsa cd``oyoks

|yg`dhdokht bopobx fs xsfjox dx gixoypoc+

@dkcdkjx

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 14/16

HgkhbuxdgkSao yoxubsx g` sadx yoxofyha yopofboc safs sao hgksdkudkj xsucoksx cg kgs

oq|oydokho fssydsdgk zdsa sao jyfmmfsdhfb mgy|aomo fhygxx cd``oyoks

|yg`dhdokht bopobx+ Dk x|dso g` sao xagys |oydgc g` kgk-uxo" kgk-

hgksdkudkj xsucoksx afpo xagzk f syokc g` fssydsdgk fhygxx cd``oyoks|yg`dhdokht bopobx+ Dk hgksyfxs sg |yopdgux xsucdox" jyfmmfsdhfb

mgy|aomox suykoc gus sg io mgyo yoxdxsfks sg fssydsdgk+

Hgkxovuoksbt" fhhgycdkj sg sadx yoxubs" sao `dyxs fkc sadyc kubb

at|gsaoxdx dx fhho|soc `gy sao hgksdkudkj bofykoyx !xdj-@;ζ" Fhho|s

Ag$5 zadbo" sao xohgkc fkc `guysa gkox zoyo yonohsoc `gy sao kgk-

hgksdkudkj bofykoyx fhygxx cd``oyoks |yg`dhdokht bopobx !xdj-@2ζ" Yonohs

Ag$+

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 15/16

Yo`oyokhoxFyoks" Y+ !9<<8$+ \ygmgsdkj yopdxdgk fkc copobg|moks dk B9 zydsdkj sayguja f hgmidkfsdgk-ifxoc huyydhubum+ Sao Egyof SOXGB

Nguykfb" Pgb+0" Kg+6" 6-90+

Ifaydhe" A+ !6413$+ @d`st tofyx g` xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgk> Dm|bdhfsdgkx `gy |ygjyfmmfsdh yoxofyha+ Sao Mgcoyk Bfkjufjo Nguykfb" 01"

6<?- 661+

Iygzk" A+ & Cgujabfx" X+ !9<<<$+ \ydkh|box g` bfkjufjfjo bofykdkj fkc sofhadkj!3 sa oc+$+ Xgk @yfkhdxhg> Fccdxgk Zoxbot Bgkjmfk Dkh+

Hgaok" F+ !6414$+ Fssydsdgk dk sao |ygcuhsdpo boqdhgk g` szg \gysujuoxo Sadyc bfkjufjo x|ofeoyx+ XXBF" 66" 68?-634+

co Igs" E+& Xsgoxxob" X+ !9<<<$+ Dk xofyha g` toxsoycft—x zgycx> Yofhsdpfsdkj f bgkj `gyjgssok bfkjufjo+ F||bdoc Bdkjudxsdhx" 96'8+ 888-

8?8+

co Jyggs" F+ M+ I+ & Eodn~oy" Y+ !9<<<$+ Zafs Dx Afyc Sg Bofyk Dx Ofxt Sg @gyjos> Sao Ygbox g` Zgyc Hgkhyosokoxx" Hgjkfso Xsfsux"

fkc Zgyc @yovuokht dk @gyodjk Bfkjufjo Pghfiubfyt Bofykdkj fkc @gyjossdkj+ Bfkjufjo Bofykdkj" ?<" 6-?0+

Obbdx" K+ H+ & Iofsgk" F+ !6448$+ @fhsgyx f``ohsdkj sao bofykdkj g` `gyodjk bfkjufjo pghfiubfyt> Dmfjoyt eotzgyc mocdfsgyx fkc

|agkgbgjdhfb xagys-soym momgyt+ Vufysoybt Nguykfb g` Oq|oydmoksfb \xthagbgjt" 30 F" ?88-??1+

Jfyckoy" Y+ H+" Bfbgkco" Y+K+ & Mfh\aoyxgk" N+ !641?$+ Xghdfb `fhsgyx dk xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgk+ Bfkjufjo Bofykdkj 8?!3$" ?64-?3<+

Jyokcob" M+ !6448$+ Poybdox ok Aoyxsob pfk Boqdhfbo Eokkdx+ !Fssydsdgk fk yohgpoyt g` boqdhfb ekgzbocjo$+ \a+C+ saoxdx" _kdpoyxdst g` 

Kdnmojok" Kdnmojok+

Juyob" F+ !9<<3$+ Xobohsdpdst dk B9-dkcuhoc B6 fssydsdgk> f |xthagbdkjudxsdh fhhguks+ Nguykfb g` Kouygbdkjudxsdhx" Pgb+6:" ?8-:1+

Afkxok" B+ !6444$+ Kgs f sgsfb bgxx> Sao fssydsdgk g` Nf|fkoxo kojfsdgk gpoy sayoo cohfcox+ Dk B+ Afkxok" Xohgkc Bfkjufjo Fssydsdgk Dk

Nf|fkoxo Hgksoqsx !||+639-6?8$+ Koz Tgye> Gq`gyc _kdpoyxdst \yoxx+

Afkxok" B+ !9<<6f$+ Bfkjufjo fssydsdgk> Sao `fso g` sao xsfys+ Fkkufb Yopdoz g` F||bdoc Bdkjudxsdhx" 96" ||+ 0<-:8+

Dxuydk" B+ !9<<<$+ Coxoysoc dxbfkcx gy f hadbc—x `dyxs bfkjufjo ̀ gyjossdkj+ Idbdkjufbdxm>Bfkjufjo fkc Hgjkdsdgk" 8"6?6-600+

Nfegixgk" Y+ !6436$+ Edkcoyx|yfhao" F|afxdo ukc fbbjomodko Bfusjoxos~o !Hadbc bfkjufjo f|afxdf fkc |agkgbgjdhfb ukdpoyxfbx+ Okjbdxa

Syfkxbfsdgk" 64:9+ Sao Afjuo> Mgusgk+Nfmxadcdaf" A+ !9<<?$+ B6 \oyxdfk fssydsdgk> f xsuct g` fcubs idbdkjufbx+ _k|uibdxaoc mfxsoy saoxdx" _kdpoyxdst g` Soayfk" Soayfk" Dyfk+

8/3/2019 Attrition in Writing Ability Among Adult EFL Persian Learners * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attrition-in-writing-ability-among-adult-efl-persian-learners-dr-azadeh 16/16

Yo`oyokhoxNfx|foys" E+" Eyggk" X+ & Agus" Y+ P+ !6410$+ \gdksx g` yo`oyokho dk `dyxs-bfkjufjo bgxx yoxofyha+ Dk Zobsokx os fb+ !ocx+$+ Bfkjufjo fssydsdgk dk

|ygjyoxx" 8:-34+

Eg|eo" I+ !9<<3$+ Kouygbdkjudxsdhx fx|ohsx g` fssydsdgk+ Nguykfb g` Kouygbdkjudxsdhx" Pgb+ 6:+8-8<+

Bopobs" Z+ N+ M+ !6414$+ X|ofedkj+ @ygm dksoksdgk sg fysdhubfsdgk+ Hfmiydcjo" Mfxx+> Sao MDS \yoxx+

Muysfja" B+ !9<<8$+ Saogyosdhfb fkc om|dydhfb dxxuox dk xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgk+ Yosydopoc Nubt 6" 9<<?" `ygm > zzz+_i+yuj+kb'obcgh'cdx'fysx'b+muysfja'saoxdx+|c` 

Kfo" K+ !9<<3$+ Dk Co`okxo g` Syfkxbfsdgk+ K_HI Nguykfb g` bfkjufjo Hubsuyo fkc Hgmmukdhfsdgk"0!6$"8?-330+Mfyha 9<<:+

Kfjfxfzf" X+ !6444$+ Bofykdkj fkc bgxdkj Nf|fkoxo fx f xohgkc bfkjufjo> F mubsd|bo hfxo xsuct g` Fmoydhfk ukdpoyxdst xsucoksx+ Dk B+ Afkxok !Oc+$"Xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgk dk Nf|fkoxo hgksoqsx !||+604-644$+ Koz Tgye> Gq`gyc \yoxx+

Gq`gyc" Y+ !6419$+ Yoxofyha gk bfkjufjo bgxx> F yopdoz zdsa dm|bdhfsdgkx `gy `gyodjk bfkjufjo sofhadkj+ Sao Mgcoyk Bfkjufjo Nguykfb" 00" 6<0-604+

\fyfcdx" M+ !9<<3$+ F Kouygbdkjudxsdh Saogyt g` Idbdkjufbdxm+ Fmxsoycfm' \adbfcob|adf>Ngak Ioknfmdkx+

\fpbokeg" F+ !9<<3$+ B9 dk`buokho fkc B6 fssydsdgk dk fcubsx idbdkjufbdxm+ Dk M+ xhamdc os fb+ !Ocx+$" @dyxs bfkjufjo fssydsdgk !||+3:-?4$+ _XF> NgakIoknfmdkx Kgysa Fmoydhf+

Ygxx" B+ !9<<9$+ Sao ygbo g` zgyc hbfxx dk sao fssydsdgk g` xhaggb-bo fykoc @yokha> Fyo kgukx gy poyix mgyo bdeobt sg io bgxs7 Yosydopoc Nubt 66" 9<<?"`ygm zzz+ag`xsyf+ocu'|c`'bdi ukcoyjyfc yoxfzfycW9<<8+|c`  

Xhamdc" M+ X+ !9<<3$+ @dyxs Bfkjufjo Fssydsdgk> Sao Mosagcgbgjt Yopdxoc" Dksoykfsdgkfb Nguykfb g` Idbdkjufbdxm" 1" 984 ‘ 9??+

Xhamdc" M+ X+ !9<<?$+ Sao Bfkjufjo Fssydsdgk Soxs Ifssoyt> F Yoxofyha Mfkufb+ MX" _kdpoyxdst g` Jygkdkjok+

Xmdsa" B+ Y+ !9<<9$+ Sao xghdfb fyhadsohsuyo g` hgmmukdhfsdpo hgm|osokho> F mosagcgbgjt `gy xghdfb-koszgye yoxofyha dk xghdgbdkjudxsdhx+Dksoykfsdgkfb Nguykfb g` sao Xghdgbgjt g` Bfkjufjo" 6?8" 688-60<+

Sgmdtfmf" M+ !6444$+ Sao `dyxs xsfjo g` xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgk> F hfxo xsuct g` f Nf|fkoxo yosuykoo+ Dk B+ Afkxok !Oc+$+ Xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgkdk Nf|fkoxo hgksoqsx !||+?4-:4$+ Koz Tgye> Gq`gyc _kdpoyxdst \yoxx" Dkh+

Pfk" Obx" S+ !6410$+ Fk gpoypdoz g` Ouyg|ofk yoxofyha gk bfkjufjo fssydsdgk+ Dk I+Zobsokx" E+ co Igs fkc S+ pfk Obx !Ocx+$" Bfkjufjo Fssydsdgk dk\ygjyoxx !||+861$+Cgycyohas> @gydx+

Zobsokx" I+" & Jyokcob" M+ !6448$+ Fssydsdgk g` pghfiubfyt ekgzbocjo+ Dk Y+ Xhayoucoy & I+ Zobsokx !Ocx+$" Sao Idbdkjufb Boqdhgk+ !||+ 68?-6?0$+Fmxsoycfm> Ngak Ioknfmdk+

Tfmjuy" E+ !9<<3$+ Dxxuox dk `dkcdkj sao f||yg|ydfso mosagcgbgjt dk bfkjufjo fssydsdgk yoxofyha+ Dk M+ Xhamdc os fb+ !Ocx+$" @dyxs bfkjufjo fssydsdgk!||+688-603$+ _XF> Ngak Ioknfmdk Kgysa Fmoydhf

Tuefzf" O+ !9<<6$+ Xohgkc bfkjufjo fssydsdgk dk Nf|fkoxo hgksoqsx+ F||bdoc Bdkjudxsdhx" 96'6" 693-694+