auctions and multi-agent systems
DESCRIPTION
Auctions and Multi-agent Systems. 발표자 : 96419-047 오 연 희. Purpose. Discuss how a virtual institution can be derived from the Llotja(a fish market) Show how this institution can be applied to define other institutions where the participants can be software agents. Auction. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Auctions and Multi-agent SystemsAuctions and Multi-agent Systems
발표자 발표자 : 96419-047 : 96419-047 오 연 희오 연 희
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Purpose
Discuss how a virtual institution can be derived from the Llotja(a fish market)
Show how this institution can be applied to define other institutions where the participants can be software agents
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Auction
Auctions are price-fixing mechanisms
: bidding conventionAuction houses is institutions
: also, other equally relevant conventions are used. (about registration of participants and goods, guarantees, payment, commissions, starting prices, etc...)
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Three types of conventions
Ontologic and Communicational Conventions
Social Conventions
Individual Behaviur Rules
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But, we are concerned with VI!!
The Difference of virtual institution from traditional auction house
- Virtual location
- software agentConsequently, it could be understood as a
multi-agent system model, or more specifically, as its computational realization in the Internet.
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Feature of Virtual Institution
Message Exchange
strong dialogical stance Dialogical system
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Llotja (a fish market of Blances) : traditional auction house
Five scenes(location, staff)
1. Buyers’ register(AR, ba)
2. Goods’ register(RR, sa)
3. Goods’ show and auction(AH, auct)
4. Credits and goods delivery(DR, bm)
5. Sellers’ settlements(BO, sm)
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Scenes in the Blanes Llotja
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Illocutions used in an upward bidding round in the Fishmarket
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Fishmarket bidding rounds
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The Difference of Fishmarket from the Blanes auction
The Participants can be computer programs executed in a remote location
collisions are managed in the Fishmarket
- by a random selection of a winner
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Institution
Dialogical FrameworkPerformative Structure
: articulation of scenesIndividual Behavior Rules
FM = <DF, PS, BR>FM = <DF, PS, BR>
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Performative Structure
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Commitments established in an auction house
Exchange of auctioned goodstheir featuresthe exchange conditions
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Information structure for Commitments in the Fishmarket
The auction’s catalogue
: storage of information related to the goods auctioned
each seller’s account
: identification, the income and commissionseach buyer’s account
: credit and the purchases mode
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Individual Behavior Rules(purpose)
The need of making these conventions explicit and more intelligible for users or external observers
To facilitate the definition and update of the institution’s conventions
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Individual Behavior Rules(example)
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Closed bidding auction
- operator(selected and creditstatus) is added and extended
Vickrey bidding : upward and closed bidding
- selected operator is changed
Convention Variant of the Fishmarket 1.
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Convention Variant of the Fishmarket 2.
The same individual rules, the same illocutions and the same operators could be used for any of its variants
Use of sufficiently general operators
- parametrized
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Compoments of Dialogical Framework for Fishmarket
Agents a set of identifiersRol = {boss, auct, sa, sm, ba, bm} {s, b}SR = {<boss, x> : x Rol \ boss}Loc = {AH, RR, AR, DR, BO, M}L the “object language”CL (a communication language)ML (metalanguage to define behaviour rules)T a time model
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Models and Implementation
FM: auction houseA: auctionG: auctioned goodsA: participating agentsE0…Ew: the incidents evolveA = <A, G, <E0..Ew>>
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Institutions
Agent-mediated institution - “Cohabited Mixed Reality Information Space” project
Agent-based instutions - “medical protocols” SMASH project
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Closing Remarks #1 Artificial Intelligence
A interdisciplinary problemother fields of AI
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Closing Remarks #2multi-agent systems
Constitute a non-trivial problema domain in which competitive evaluation is
possibleauctions are a conveniently scalable problem
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Closing Remarks #3Electronic Commerce
Electronic exchange through the InternetThe opportunity of developing agents