august 3-4, 2004 san jose, ca directions in voip development jonathan peace cto, mindspeed...

August 3-4, 2004 • San Jose, CA • www.voipdeveloper.com

Directions inVoIP Development

Jonathan PeaceCTO, Mindspeed Technologies,

Multi-Service Access Division


Trends in VoIP


Trend #1 VoIP is Migrating to the Edge

• Enterprise, NGDLC, SOHO

– Lower densities, lower margins

– Bit pipe is more expensive

» more use of complex codecs

– Gateway/Softswitch convergence

» more middleware

– Wide variety of signaling needs


• Provides unparalleled breadth of high- quality middleware

• NB Open Source <> Linux!– Think Apache, GCC, MySQL, OpenBSD

• How best can this be leveraged in a low-latency, high-performance environment?

Trend #2Rise of Open Source


Trend #3Emergence of “Office in a Box”

• One system must perform routing, VPN, firewall, etc.

EXPLOSION in middleware requirements!

• Wide scalability needs

• Stringent quality hurdles


Implications for designers

• New Systems will have dramatically more middleware, but will be under strong cost pressure

• Need to balance conflicting needs of rich applications, high performance, carrier-class voice quality


The Challenge


Signal Signal ProcessingProcessing

ApplicationsApplicationsProcessingProcessing

Network Network ProcessinProcessin

gg

RICHAPPLICATIONS

RELIABILITY& SECURITY

CARRIER QUALITYVOICE

Elements of a VOIP system


Typical IP PBX Architecture Today…

FPGA Glue Logic

rMII

Host Application, Signaling and Packet Processor

DSP farm may also require external static

RAMs

Signaling and Packet Processing Controller

eg PowerQuicc,MIPS,ARM

System Flash ROM

System SDRAM

Telephony

Interfaces

TSI

DSP

DSP

DSP 10/100

PHY Multiple DSPs need external Time Slot

Interchange

Enterprise density requires multiple

DSPs


Traditional Host CPU Architecture

SDRAMControl , Signaling and

Media Processing

Voice Channels

InternalMemory

N x DSP

Signaling Stacks

Control Applications

CPUTDM

Ethernet

DSP Resource Manager

Ethernet and TDM Drivers

Host Operating System

Host CPU handles all operations and drives all interfaces


A new SoC paradigm

Ethernet

TDM

10/1

00

PH

Y

CSPControl and Signaling Processor

MSPMedia Stream

Processor

Virtual EthernetDriver

(SHM interface)

Tele

ph

on

y I

nte

rfaces

WAN T1/DSLPON/ENET

Single UnifiedMemory

DDRSDRAMN

on

rea

l-ti

me

Re

al-

tim

e


SDRAM

SharedMemory

Zone

CSP: Control and Signaling

Host Operating System

MSP: Media Processing

InternalMemory

N x DSP

DSP Resource Manager

Voice Channels

Signaling Stacks

Control Applications

ARM920 #1 350 MHz

ARM920 #0 350 MHz

TDM

Ethernet

Media Processing sub-system offloads on-chip host CPU

Comcerto™ 500 Architecture


The Control and Signaling Processor

• Controls MSP over a Virtual Ethernet

Interface

–Highly Scalable, NO DRIVERS

• Does not have to touch Fast-Path traffic

–Can run non-real-time OS such as Linux

–Leverages wealth of open-source middleware


Useful Open Source ApplicationsProject Application Home

Linux Kernel 2.6

UNIX OS with integrated IPSec http://www.kernel.org/

Apache Web Server http://www.apache.org/

Busybox Common UNIX utilities http://www.busybox.net/

Asterisk PBX, IVR, voicemail http://www.asterisk.org/

OpenH323 H.323 protocol http://www.openh323.org/

OpenSIP SIP user agent, proxy http://www.gnu.org/software/osip/osip.html

MGCP MGCP implementation http://www.vovida.org

Festival Lite Text-to-Speech engine http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/flite/

Openswan VPN software http://www.openswan.org

iptables firewalling subsystem http://www.netfilter.org/

GNU Zebra Routing Protocol Manager http://www.zebra.org

gcc C/C++ Cross compiler http://gcc.gnu.org/

gdb Debugger http://sources.redhat.com/gdb/

Ethereal Network Sniffer (with MND plugin)

http://www.ethereal.com/

KDevelop Flexible IDE http://www.kdevelop.org/Development Tools Telephony Core Networking


The Media Stream Processor• Pre-tested microcode performs all latency-critical

network and signal processing– Layer 2 Network Processing (PPP, Bridging, etc)– VOIP processing (voice coding, echo cancellation,

etc)

• Simple Ethernet Control model– Easy expansion with off-the shelf Ethernet switches

• Set and Forget – no CSP intervention required


Comcerto MSP “Net Engine”

ProtocolAwarePacketSwitch VO

IP

Ethernet

VED

AA

L5

(802.1 bridging)

(RFC

2684)

TDMUTOPIA

SDRAM

MII

control

Multiple

Flows

(Virtual Ethernet Driver)

Buffers in

Internal

memory

SDRAM

shared with

CSP


IP-PBX with Comcerto 500

SHM

ARM920 #2 350 MHzPacket

Processor

300MHz Voice

DSP core

TSI

MMU

ARM920 #1 350 MHzControl

& SignalingProcessor

10/100EMAC

UART

Comcerto 500 series

T1/E1 to CO

T1/E1Framer LIU

Console

Port

10/100PHY

Up to 512

MbytesDDR

SDRAM

8Mbytes

FLASH

Local Bus

optionaloptional

RMII NANDFLASH

Tele

ph

on

y I

nte

rfaces

MSPCSP


Software Partitioning

MSP Supplied Software

PC

I D

river

Virtual Ethernet driver (control, data)

Host Kernel (Linux or VxWorks) including packet filtering, crypto API

T.38

FOIP

V.27,

V.29,

V.17

POTSSignaling

TDMSignalingNetworking and Routing Stacks

(IP,TCP,UDP, PPP, HTTP,ICMP,IPSec etc)

Shared Memory Interface driver

User Applications

Host OS BSP

RTP/RTCP or CPS

Enet Driver WAN

Eth, PPP Framing, IP, UDP Framing,

ATMDriver(WAN Utopia)

Packet Signaling

(SIP, H.323,Etc.)

Du

al P

ort

Seri

al D

river

US

B D

river

Hard

ware

Cry

pto

Mod

ule

s

HDLC Driver (WAN HSSI)TDM Driver

CSP Supplied Software CSP Customer Software

Voice Packet classifier & switching/bridging

MPoA

G.168 Echo Cancel

G.711,729a/b/eG.726,723a

MPoFR

AAL5FRF.1

2

DataSignaling(Q.2931,Q.933…)

SP

I D

river

Enet Driver

LAN

Caller

ID G

en

& D

et

DTM

F

Gen

& D

et


Benefits of the Ethernet Abstraction Model

• Fast code bring up – NO NEW drivers

• Scalable – just add extra MSPs on an external Ethernet switch

• Removes Big-Endian/Little Endian issues

• Guaranteed quality


Beyond Voice-Only Systems


From iPBX to OIAB

SiPBXPlatform

VOIP GW

CallCenter

IAD

IVR

IP PBX

ConfBridge

Officein-a-Box

Platform

WANRouter

802.11 AccessPoint

FirewallRouter

VPNBox

VOIP GW

CallCenter

IP PBX

IVRConf

Bridge

IAD/ONT

SMB Router

PlatformFirewallRouter

WANRouter

VPNBox

802.11 AccessPoint


• Middleware requirements for Office-in-a-Box are order of magnitude greater than IP-PBX– All IP-PBX functions plus VPN, Firewall, DHCP, BGP,

RIP, PIM-SM, and IGMP/MLD etc., etc.

• CSP + MSP paradigm is even more compelling– Same guaranteed voice quality– Data encapsulation (eg AAL5) offloads apps processor– MSP can run router elements

From iPBX to OIAB


Comcerto 800 series

10/100PHY

375MHzControl &Routing

Processor

Multi-Layer X-connect

10/100MAC

(WAN)

10/100MAC(LAN)

HSSI(WAN)

375MHzPacket

Processor

VoiceBandSignal

Processor

HardwareEncryption Processor

UTOPIAMulti-

ChannelTDM/SPI

10/100PHY

EmbeddedSRAM

Exte

rnal B

us In

terf

ace

USB1.1

(Host)

X.21/V.35

xDSLmodem

Printer/Security

Key

Up to 512MBSDRAM

UART

V.24

NORFlash(up to 16MB)

NANDFlash(up to256MB

)PCI/Host Bus

TelephonyInterfaces

Comcerto 800 series

Local Bus


Summary• New applications demand uncompromising voice

quality, but with an ever-increasing breadth of middleware

• Designers are under pressure to deliver rich feature set solutions with robust, high quality voice

• New SoC and software paradigms are the answer to bringing these cost-effective new designs to market in the shortest possible time

august 3-4, 2004 san jose, ca directions in voip development jonathan peace cto, mindspeed...

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