august ank

¾$d rhcpN `p_p _„1...fpô²$ue........................02 \u 052...r_dZ|„L$.......................06 \u 063...v$¡i `qfQe..................07 \u 084... qf`p¡V®-kh£nZ.............09 \u 115....rhdp¡Q_....................12 \u 1f5...`yfõL$pf......................13 \u 166.. rv$_ rhi¡j...................17 \u 217...r_^_.......................22 \u 228...rhrh^......................23 \u 249...èp®hfZ A_¡ âL©$rs......25 \u 279...A\® ìehõ\p...............28 \u 2813...M¡g S>Ns...................f9 \u 3014...Ap„sffpô²$ue âhplp¡........31 \u 3315...NyS>fps_u AV$pfuA¡\u.....34 \u 3516..rhop_ A_¡ V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ......36 \u 38

Magazine for : U.P.S.C., G.P.S.C, T.E.T., T.A.T., S.S.C.,

BANK, P.S.I., Air-Force, Navy And All COMPETITIVE EXAM

COMPETITIVE INDIA

Editor-Publisher-Printer-Owner

CHAUHAN KAMLESHKUMAR NANDLALBHAI

Gopnath Road, TALAJA. Dist.:Bhavnagar (Gujrat), PIN-364 140 [email protected]

Gopnath Road, TALAJA. Dist.:Bhavnagar (Gujrat), PIN-364 140

RNI No.GUJGUJ/2013/51331[MONTHLY]

Address

d¡N¡qT_dp„ S>¡ Z dprlsu fS|> L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, s¡ Adpfu ÅZL$pfu dyS>b_u R>¡. kp\p¡kp\ Ap A„L$dp„ Qp¡L$kpB fpMhp dpV$¡_p âeÐ_p¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡g R>¡. L$p¡B`Z c|g A\hp Q|L$ dpV$¡ âL$piL$ L$¡ s¡_p L$p¡B`Z L$d®Qpfu S>hpbv$pf _\u. L$ç`¡V$uV$uh BqÞX$ep d¡N¡qT_dp„ âL$pris \e¡gp g¡Mp¡dp_p d„sìep¡ g¡ML$p¡_p p¡sp_p lp¡e R>¡, S>¡_u kp\¡ dprgL$, âL$piL$ A_¡ k„`pv$L$ klds R>¡. s¡d dp_u g¡hy _lu.

hp„Q

_ r

hi

¡j

r_dZ|„L$

v$f dpk_u 10 spfuM¡ ârkÝ^ \sy

fp

²ô

$ue rh

^rh

A_y¾$drZL$p

rhop_ V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ A_¡ k„ip¡^_

Ap„sffpô²$ue âhplp¡

RNI:-GUJGUJ/2013/51331

hX$pâ^p_ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_u â\d rhv$¡i epÓp -c|V$p_

-40dy„ Æ-7 riMf k„d¡g_-ep¥_ tlkp kdpá L$fhp g„X$_ Mps¡ h¥[ðL$ k„d¡g_ ep¡Åey-e|fp¡ dyÖp A`_ph_pf rg\yApr_ep 19dp¡ v$¡i-hëX®$ l¡qfV$¡S>_p v$fˆ$p âv$p_ \ep-_pTu d©Ðey rirbf_p Apfp¡ù Å¡lp_ b°¡ef rNfaspf-BÞV$f`p¡g_p dlpkrQh v$¡ Sy>e£N_ õV$pL$-vy$r_ep_p¡ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ dfu_ âp¡V$¡L$V$¡X$ A¡qfep-Ad¡qfL$u _p¥ k¡_pdp„ â\d drlgp ap¸f õV$pf A¡X$rdfg rdi¡g lphX®$-Bbp¡gp hpefk_p¡ sfMpV$

-Nrsiug NyS>fps : gÿep„L$ 100 qv$hk-NyS>fps `p¡rgkv$m_u cfsudp„ lh¡ 33 % drlgp ApfnZ- Äep¡rsN°pd ep¡S>_p lh¡ v$¡icfdp„ gpN| \i¡-ipmp âh¡ip¡Ðkh-2014-11dp¡ h_ dlp¡Ðkh Mp¡X$g^pd Mps¡-

" '

"k„Nus Å¡ k„S>¡fp¡' -L$ÃR>u k„Nus gpBb°¡fu-kfv$pf kfp¡hf b„^_u JQpB h^pfhp d„S|>fu-NyS>fpsdp„ îu S>NÞ_p\Æ_u 137du f\epÓp

-rhV$prd_ "A¡' eyL$s ky`f L$¡my rhL$rks-A¡rge__p Æh__¡ V²$¡L$ L$fsy kp¥\u iqL$sipmu vy$fbu_ "A¡V$gpõV$'-â¡fZp pB_p âep¡Np¡ lh¡ A„sqfndp„

"a¡kgp¡L$'-rhð_y„ kp¥ â\d A¢X²$p¡BX$ kdpQpf hpQL$_y„ A_phfZ-hpey âvy$jZ AV$L$phsu _hu V$pBëk rhL$rks-r_L$g psy Apfp¡Nsp R>p¡X$_u ip¡^-dp_hue fp¡bp¡V$ "ù`f'

-`pkhX® _p¡ rhL$ë`

-qv$ëlu v$¡i_y„ â\d L$¡fp¡rk_ dy¼s fpÄe-"^ âpBT hu ¡' -sdpL|$ rhfp¡û rhop`_-"dp¥kd qfep¡S>_p'_u iê$Aps-fpS>õ\p_ kfL$pf¡ KV$_¡ fpÄeìy Op¡rjs L$ey®-rkNpf¡V$ h¡QpZdp„ L$p¡gL$sp V$p¡Q_p õ\p_¡-dÝeâv$¡idp„ dqlgpAp¡ dpV$¡ "Np¥fhu L$¡ÞÖ' _u iê$Aps-DÑf âv$¡idp„ "hpeyrdÓ'-Açdp _dL$,Açdp apd®ku_u iê$Aps-bp¡f hÞe Æh AcepfÎe v$¡i_y„ 47dy„ V$pBNf qfTh®

s„Óu : L$dg¡i Qp¥lpZ M-9408827007 M-9408827007 [email protected]@gmail.com

-Ágp¡bg X$¡ Ap¸a ¡f¡ÞV$k¹-rhð ep®hfZ qv$hk-Ap„sffpô²$ue _prhL$ qv$hk-rhð f¼sv$p_ qv$hk-rhð dlpkpNf qv$hk-k„eyL$s fpô²$ gp¡L$k¡hp qv$hk-rhð bpmîd rhfp¡û qv$hk-rhð rh^hp qv$hk-rhð rhV$urgNp¡ qv$hk-rhð k„Nus qv$hk-rhð ifZp\} qv$hk-õV$¡V$uõV$uL$ qv$hk-ap^k® X$¡-49dp„ op_ùW$ yfõL$pf dpV$¡ L$¡v$pf_p\tkl_u k„v$Nu

-k„S>e fpÅfpd_¡ hj® 2014_y„ rhð MpÛ kçdp_-kgdp_ fív$u ¡_ t`V$f yfõL$pf dpV$¡ k„v$ \ep- Q¢rçè_ Ap¸a Q¢S >- ârs›$p MÞ_p kçdpr_s-rdk B[ÞX$ep hëX®$hpBX$-2014 dp¡r_L$p rNg-rdk ey.A¡k.A¡.-2014 r_ep kp„Q¡S>- rgS>_ Ap¸a Ap¸_f -iplê$MMp_ kçdpr_s

" '" '

" '

`yfõL$pf_u vy$r_ep qv$_ rhi¡j

-"ågX$ ae|$X$'-"hp¡fue õV$¡V$$ : pqL$õsp_ B_ L$p¸ÞV$¡ç`p¡ffu'-"kåV$p„k A¡ÞX$ i¡X$p¡'-"N¡qV„$N BqÞX$ep b¥L$ Ap¸_ V²$¡L$'-"N°u_ p¡eçk'

-Ágp¡bg uk HX$¡L$k-2014-^ A¡Þhpefd¡ÞV$ ¾$pBrkk-A¡ÄeyL$¡i_ ap¸f Ap¸g Ágp¡bg dp¡r_V$qf„N-k„L$V$N°õs âÅrsAp¡_u f¡X$rgõV$ Åfu \B-Apefg¡ÞX$ kp¥\u kpfp¡ v$¡i

35dp„ fpô²$ue M¡g_u spfuM, gp¡Np¡, iyc„L$f, kv¹cph_p v|$s Op¡rjs \ep

`yõsL$ rhdp¡Q_

2L$ç`¡V$uV$uh BrÞX$ep

"Açdp _dL$'_p¡ iycp„fcsrdg_pXy$_p dy¿ed„Óu S>egrgspA¡

fpS>e_p DÛp¡N rhcpN_¡ Apr^_ fl¡gp srdg_pXy$ kp¡ëV$ L$p¡`p£f¡i_ rgrdV$¡X$_p A¡L$ DÐ`pv$_ "Açdp _dL$'_p¡ iycpf„c 11 S|>__p fp¡S> L$ep£ lsp¡.

"Açdp _dL$' ÓZ âL$pf¡ D`gå^ \i¡. S>¡ dy¿ed„Óu S>egrgsp_p _pd f L$ëepZ_u A¡L$ l¡g î©„Mgp A„sN®s iê$ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡g R>¡. "Açdp _dL$' iê$ \hp `l¡gp fpS>edp„ kpdprS>L$ L$ëepZ ep¡S>_p A„sN®s Ap¡R>u qL„$dsdp„ cp¡S>_ D`gå^ L$fphhp "Açdp L$¢V$u_' _p¡ âpf„c `Z \B QyL$ep¡ R>¡. s¡dS> 10 ê$rèp ârs guV$f "Açdp' _pd\u ùhp_y„ pZu Z dmu füy R>¡.

srdg_p

Xy$ kp¡ëV$

L$p¡`p£f¡i

_ rgrdV$¡

X$

V$u.A¡_.A¡k.ku. srdg_pXy$ kfL$pf_y„ `|Z® dprgL$u ^fphsy A¡L$d R>¡. s¡_u õ\p`_p B.k.1974dp„ srdg_pXy $_p fpd_p`yfd rS>ëgp_p h¡ëgu_p¡L$d Mps¡ \B lsu. Al] Ly$g ``f4 A¸L$f c|rd n¡Ódp„ _dL$_u M¡su L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. S>ep„ 3f00 A¡L$f S>du_ rhL$rks L$fhp kp\¡ ârs hj® f \u f.` gpM V$_ _dL$_y„ DÐ`pv$_ \pe R>¡. âÐen/AâÐen ê$`¡ 1f00 S>¡V$gp îrdL$p¡_¡ fp¡S>Npf Z dm¡ R>¡.

Ap `qfep¡S>_p_¡ d¡qfef h¡ëgu_p¡L$d kp¡ëV$ L$p¡çàg¡n Z L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

2

"k¡hp r_h©s k¥r_L$ afuepv$ kdp^p_ `p¡V®$g'

rhipm dlp_ cpfs v$¡i `X$p¡iu Qu_ kp\¡ gp„bu kflv$ ^fph¡ R>¡. cpfs_p S>çd|-L$píduf, DÑfpM„X$, rkqL$L$d, rldpQg âv$¡i A_¡ Aê$ZpQg âv$¡i S>¡hp fpS>ep¡ kp\¡ Qu__u kflv$p¡ Å¡X$pe¡gu R>¡. S>¡ 40`0 qL$gp¡duV$f S>¡V$gu g„bpB ^fph¡ R>¡. Aê$ZpQg âv$¡idp„ Qu__u kflv$ _ÆL$_p n¡Ódp„ ApB.V$u.bu.ù._u `4 S>¡V$gu _hu `p¡õV$ r_dp®Z L$fhp_u bpbs cpfs kfL$pf_u fZ_ursL$ âp\rdL$sp R>¡.

Qu_ kudp `f rhL$pk_p L$pep£ dpV$¡ kyfnp d„Ópge_¡ èp®hfZ d„Ópge_u d„S|>fu g¡hp f R|>V$R>pV$

L$¡qÞÖe ep®hfZ d„Ópge Üpfp 1f S|>__p fp¡S> Qu_ kudp f rhr_dp®Z_p L$pep£ dpV$¡ fnp d„Ópge_¡ d„S|>fu g¡hpdp„\u dyqL$s Ap`hpdp„ Aphu R>¡. S>¡ kudpn¡Ó_p 100 qL$gp¡duV$f_p v$pefpdp„ kX$L$ A_¡ kyfnp d„Ópge_u rhr_dp®Z ep¡S>_pAp¡ dpV$¡ li¡. kudp `f Qu__u hû fl¡gu NrsrhrÂp¡_¡ gndp„ fpMu_¡ kX$L$ _¡V$hL®$ rhL$kphu_¡ S>ê$fu kf„Åd_u ìehõ\p L$fhp dpV$¡ Ap r_Z®e \ep¡ R>¡.

v$¡icfdp„ k¡hp\u k„b„r^s rhrcÞ_ rhcpNp¡dp„ k¡hp r_h©s k¥r_L$p¡_u afuepv$p¡, AfÆAp¡_u ÅZL$pfu, s¡d_u hs®dp_ qõ\rs rhj¡ ÅZL$pfu Ap`sy s\p k¡hp r_h©s k¥r_L$p¡ A_¡ s¡d_p `qfS>_p¡_u afuepv$p¡ BÞV$f_¡V$_p dpÂed Üpfp k„b„r^s rhcpNp¡_¡ `lp¢QpX$u iL$¡ s¡hy "k¡hp r_h©s k¥r_L$ aqfepv$ kdp^p_ p¡V®$g'cpfsue k¡_p Üpfp S|>__p fp¡S> Åfu L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy.

BÞV$f_¡V$ Ap^pqfs Ap p¡V®$g_¡ _¡i_g BÞap¡d£qV$L$k k¡ÞV$f (A¡_.ApB.ku.)A¡ qX$TpB_ A_¡ rhL$rks L$ey® R>¡. k¡hp r_h©s k¥q_L$ rhi¡j "e|S>f ApB.X$u.' A_¡ `pkhX®$ Üpfp Ap `p¡V®$gdp„\u k¡_p dpV$¡ Å¡X$pe¡gu rhrcÞ_ ep¡S>_pAp¡_u ÅZL$pfu d¡mhu iL$i¡. Ap `p¡V®$gdp„ A¡L$ õhQprgs S>hpb ìehõ\p (Ap¡V$p¡d¡V$¡X$ qfõ`p¢k auQf)dp„ Z kdprls R>¡. S>¡ kde kde f k¡hp q_h©Ñ k¥r_L$p¡_¡ s¡d_u afuepv$p¡ A_¡ AV$L$¡gp dpdgpAp¡_u hs®dp_ qõ\rs rhj¡ B-d¡Bg A_¡ dp¡bpBg f k„v$¡i Apù_¡ k|rQs L$fi¡.

cpfs v$¡i_p fpô²$ue ìy hpO_p k„fnZ dpV$¡$ DÑfâv$¡i f01fdp„ rbS>_p¡f rS>ëgp_y„ "Adp_NY$' fpS>e_y„ buSy> V$pBNf kfL$pf¡ fpô²$ue hpO k„fnZ Ap¸\p¡qfV$u (A¡_.V$u.ku.A¡.)_p qfTh® Op¡rjs \ey lsy. A_ydp¡v_$ bpv$ 13 S|__p fp¡S> "ùgucus'_¡ V$pBNf qfTh®_p¡ ùgucus V$pBNf qfTh® :v$fÄÅ¡ âv$p_ L$ep£ R>¡. S>¡ lh¡ DÑfâv$¡i_y„ ÓuSy> A_¡ DÑfâv$¡i_p ùgucus V$pBNf qfTh®_y„ Ly$g v$¡i_y„ 4`d„y V$pBNf qfTh® b_u Ney R>¡. V$pBV$f n¡Óam 73,0f4.98 l¡L$V$f R>¡. S>¡dp„ 60,f79.8 rfTh®_p¡ v$fˆp¡$ dmhp_¡ L$pfZ¡ lh¡ hpO dpV$¡ l¡L$V$f "L$p ¡f A¡qfep' (dy¿en¡Ó) A_¡ _yL$ip_L$pfL$ NrsrhrÂp¡ f ârsb„^ iL$e b_i¡. 1f74`.18 l¡L$V$f "baf Tp¡_' (bpùen¡Ó) R>¡.

`y›$c|rd :: cpfs-_¡`pm kudp f Aph¡gp ugucus V$pBNf V$pBNf qfTh®_p¡ v$fˆ$p ¡ A`phhp dpV$ ¡ qfTh®dp„ B.k.f010_u NZsfu âdpZ¡ (118

DÑfâv$¡i_u kfL$pf¡ ùgucus_p k„frns h_ n¡Ó_¡ S>¡V$gp hpO kdN° DÑfâv$¡idp„ _p¡„^pep lsp.) Ly$g a¡b°yApfu f014dp„ cpfsue hÞe Æh k„fnZ 30 hpO _p¢^pep lsp.Ar^r_ed_u ^pfp-18 A„sN®s hÞeÆh rhlpf hpO krls Ap h_dp„ bpfrk„Np, b„Npm Op¡rjs L$fu_¡ V$pBNf qfTh® b_phhp_p¡ âõsph agp¡qfL$_, lp¸N X$uef, qv$`X$p S>¡hp gyáâpe \hp fpô²$ue hpO k„fnZ Ar^r_ed_u ^pfp 38 (hu) Aph¡gp hÞe Æh Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡. A„sN®s V$pBNf rfTh® Op¡rjs L$fu_¡ s¡_u Ar^k|Q_p Åfu L$fu lsu. ùgucus_p V$pBNf qfTh® b_hp kp\¡ sfpB (`ròd¡

Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, DÑfâv$¡i_p "vy$^hp' _¡ B.k.1987dp„ ùgucus\u gB_¡ `|h®dp„ bgfpd`yf kyû sfpB_p rS>ëgp)dp„ fpS>e_y„ â\d V$pBNf qfTh® Op¡rjs L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. bpv$dp„ hj® hpO_p k„fnZ A_¡ h„ih©rÂ^_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ dmi¡.

"ùgucus' v$¡i_y„ 4`dy„ V$pBNf qfTh®

Aghf, d¡fW$ A_¡ `p_u`s dpV$¡ f¥r`X$ f¡g tgL$_¡ d„S|>fu

qv$ëlu_p D`fpS>e`pg _Æb S„>N¡ 11 S|>__p fp¡S> Aghf, `pZu`s A_¡ d¡fW$ dpV$¡_u f¡r`X$ f¡g tgL$_¡ d„S|>fu Apù R>¡. s¡ f¥r`X$ f¡g tgL$ L$¡ n¡Óue f¥r`X$ V²$p„rS>V$ rkõV$d (Apf.Apf.V$u.A¡d.) qfep¡S>_p lpBõùX$ V²$¡_p¡_p dpÂed\u fpô²$ue fpS>^p_u n¡Ó_¡ Å¡X$u_¡ lpB õùX$ V²$¡_p¡ 60 qL$.du. ârs L$gpL$_u TX$`¡ v$p¡X$i¡.

(1) qv$ëlu d¡fW$ L$p¡qfX$p¸f Ap_„v$ rhlpf A_¡ klpe L$pg¡ Mp„ \B_¡ 5kpf \i¡ s¡ qv$ëlu d¡V²$p¡ f¡g r_Nd Üpfp kdr\®s \i¡. A_¡ 90 qL$gp¡duV$f_y„ A„sf v|$f L$f i¡.(f) qv$ëlu pZu`s L$p¡qfX$p¡f 111 qL$gp¡duV$f_y„ A„sf L$pù_¡ L$pídufu N¡V$ kyû li¡.(3) qv$ëlu Aghf L$p¡qfX$p¡f 180 qL$gp¡duV$f_y„ A„sf L$pù_¡ NyX$Np„h kyû S>i¡.

ÓZ¡ L$p¡qfX$p¡f f õV$¡i_p¡_u Ly$g k„¿ep 48 S>¡V$gu R>¡. qv$ëludp„ L$p¡qfX$p¸f_u Ly$g g„bpB 70.7 qL$gp¡duV$f R>¡. qv$ëludp„ Ly$g 11 õV$¡i_ li¡. S>¡dp„ Ap_„v$ rhlpf, kfpe L$pg¡Mp„, L$pídufu N¡V$, dyL$pfbp Qp¡L$, _f¡gp, _hu qv$ëlu f¡gh¡ õV$¡i_ ¥pgpLy$hp, drl`pg`yf kdprhô$ R>¡.

`qfep¡S>_p_p¡ Ly$g MQ® 7f,1f0 L$fp¡X$ S>¡V$gp¡ R>¡ S>¡_¡ dpV$¡ Qpf¡ fpS>e qv$ëlu, lqfepZp, DÑfâv$¡i A_¡ fpS>õ\p_ ep¡Nv$p_ dpV$¡ klds \ep R>¡.

`qfep¡S>_p_u ÓZ L$p¡qfX$p¡f

Qu__p rhv$¡i d„Óu hp„Q Qu lsu.8/9 S|>_ v$frdep_ cpfs_p kyódp õhfpS> kp\¡ QQp®_p¡ â h p k ¡ k p s k v $ õ e p ¡ _ p rhje qÜ`rne k„b„^p¡_p rhõspf ârsr_q^d„X$m kp\¡ Apìep lsp. dpV$ ¡ S>ê$fu ê$`¡ A¡L$buÅ_u s¡d_p âhpk_p¡ l¡sy cpfs_u _h k„h¡v$_iugsp A_¡ ApL$p„npAp¡_¡ fQus dp ¡ v $ u kfL $ pf kp\ ¡ kÞdp_ Ap`hy s\p L$¥gpk dp_ Ly$V$_ursL$ k„`L®$ õ\pr`s L$fhp_p¡ kfp¡hf epÓp, cpfs-Qu__p lsp¡. s¡dZ¡ 9 S>|_¡ fpô²$`rs s\p kp„õL©$rsL$ k„`L$p®¡_¡ dS>b|su âv$p_ hX$pâ^p_ kp\¡ dygpL$ps L$fu L$fhp_p¡ lsp¡.

Qu__p rhv$¡i d„Óu hp„N Qu cpfs_u dygpL$ps¡

rkqL$L$d fpS>e_u `h_Ly$dpf QpdtgN kfL$pf Üpfp 9 S|>__p fp¡S> Nfubu f¡Mp\u _uQ¡ (bu.ù.A¡g.) fl¡gp gp¡L$p¡ dpV$¡ kfL$pfu _p¡L$fu dpV$¡ 1f % A_pds_u Å¡NhpB L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. fpS>e kfL$pf_u v$f¡L$ _p¡L$fuAp¡ s\p kph®S>r_L$ n¡Ó_p D`¾$dp¡dp„ Nfubu f¡Mp\u _uQ¡ fl¡gp Dd¡v$hpfp¡_¡ A_pds_p¡ gpc dmi¡. Ap ApfnZ r_ed rkqL$L$d d|©m_p v$f¡L$ ìeqL$sAp¡ `f syf„s âcph\u gpN| L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡.

Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, rkqL$L$ddp„ dpÓ 8 % ìeqL$s Nfubu f¡Mp\u _uQ¡_p R>¡. fpS>ecfdp„ s¡_u k„¿ep `,000 S>¡V$gu R>¡.

Ly$X$_Ly$gd AÏàgp„V$ 8 S|>__p fp¡S> 1000 d¡Nphp¡V$ rhS>mu ¡v$p L$f_pf cpfs_p¡ â\d àgp„V$ b_u Nep¡ R>¡. S>¡_y„ â\d A¡L$d `p¡sp_u `|Z® ndsp kyû `lp¢Qu Ney R>¡. Ap `l¡gp NyS>fps_y„ V$pV$p dy„Öp `qfep¡S>_p 800 d¡Nphp¡V$ rhS>mu ndsp kp\¡ kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ A¡L$g DÐ`pv$_ A¡L$d lsy.

1000 d¡Nphp¸V$ rhS>mu `¡v$p L$f_pf Ly$X$_Ly$gd cpfs_p¡ â\d AÏàgpÞV$ bÞep¡

bu.ù.A¡g. dpV$¡ rkqL$L$ddp„ kfL$pfu _p¡L$fudp„ 1f % A_pds

lh¡ "Açdp apd®ku'srdg_pXy$_u S>egrgsp kfL$pf Üpfp NyZhÑp eyL$s

v$hpAp¡ d|m qL„ds L$fsp 10 % Ap¡R>p cph¡\u h¡Qhp dpV$¡ f6 Sy>_\u "Açdp apd®ku (Açdp dê„$^pNd) _p¡ °pf„c \ep¡ R>¡. S>¡ A„sN®s kps rS>ëgpdp„ 10 S>¡V$gu Açdp apd®kuAp¡_„y Dv$¹OpV$_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey R>¡. dy¿ed„ÓuA¡ krQhpgedp„\u huqX$ep¡ k¡ÞV$f L$p¢afÞk_p dpÂed\u Q¡Þ_B, Bfp¡X$, k¡gd, aX$¹X$pgp¡f, dvy$fpB, rihN„Np A_¡ rhf$^y_Nf rS>‰pdp„ Ap apd®kuAp¡ iê$ \B R>¡. Ap Açdp d¡qX$L$g vy$L$p_p¡ bk õV$¡ÞX$ rS>ëgp dy¿epgep¡ S>¡hp cfQL$ õ\_p¡ `f õ\pr`s \B R>¡. s¡dS> BdfS>Þku v$hpAp¡_u kyfnp dpV$¡ L$p¡ëX$ õV$p¡f¡S> kyrh^pAp¡ Z Ap`hpdp„ Aphu R>¡.


_hu_sd V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ S>¡d L$¡ dp¡bpBg, A¡k.A¡d.A¡k. a¡kbyL$, hp¡V$¹kA¡`, õL$pe`, g¡`V$p¡`, huqX$ep¡ L$p¡tgN S>¡hu k„Qpf k¡hpAp¡_¡ kpd¡g L$fu_¡ kudp kyfnp v$m (bu.A¡k.A¡a.)_u `„Åb ä„qV$ef Üpfp v|$f_p A„sfuepm rhõspfp¡dp„ afS>fs S>hp_p¡ dpV$¡ rQqL$ÐkL$ A_¡ ¡fpd¡qX$L$g L$d®Qpfu kp\¡ k„`L®$ L$fu_¡ Apfp¡Áe `fpdi® L$fu iL$pe s¡hu "V$¡gud¡qX$ku_ `qfep¡S>_p' f3 S|>_¡ âpf„c L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

dyëgp `¡qfepf b„^_u kyfnp-v$¡Mf¡M `f rhQpf L$fhp krdrs_u fQ_p_¡ d„S|>fudyëgp ¡rfepf b„^_u kyfnp A_¡ v$¡Mf¡M k„b„r^s dpdgpAp¡ f rhQpf L$fhp dpV$¡ ÓZ kv$õep¡_u v$¡Mf¡M krdrs_u fQ_p L$fhp

dpV$¡ L$¡qÞÖe d„Óu d„X$m¡ 18 S|>_¡ d„S|>fu Apù R>¡. ÓZ kv$õep¡_u v$¡Mf¡M krdrs_p AÂen L$¡qÞÖe S>m Apep¡N_p hqf›$ Ar^L$pfu li¡ s\p A¡L$ kv$õe srdg_pXy$ A_¡ A¡L$ kv$õe L$¡fm_p li¡.

S>mpie_y„ `|Z® õsf 14f ayV$ kyû h^pfhp kyr_[òs L$fi¡ A_¡ 100 hj®\u h^y S|>_p Ap b„^_u kyfnp bpbsp¡ f rhQpf L$fi¡.

krdrs_y„ L$pe® ::-dyëgp `¡qfepf b„^

B.k.1887-9` hÃQ¡ rb°qV$i kfL$pf Üpfp L$¡fm fpS>edp„ `¡fuepf _v$u f fpS>e_p [òd OpV$_p L$pfX$p¡dpk rlëk_p BXy$L$L$u rS>ëgpdp„ kdyÖ sm\u 881 duV$f_u JQpBA¡ `f dyëgp `¡rfepf b„^_y„ r_dp®Z L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. S>¡ hs®dp_ kde¡ srdg_pXy$ A_¡ L$¡fm fpS>e hÃQ¡ rhhpv$_p¡ rhje bÞep¡ R>¡.

"V$¡gud¡qX$rk_ `qfep¡S>_p'

cpfs v$¡i_p Ágp¡bg A¡X$ëV$ V$p¸b¡L$p¡ kh£ (Æ.A¡k.V$u.A¡k. BqÞX$ep) dyS>b f7.` L$fp¡X$ gp¡L$p¡ sdpL|$ k¡h_ L$f¡ R>¡. L$¡ÞÖ kfL$pf_p Apfp¡Áe A_¡ `qfhpf L$ëepZ d„Ópge Üpfp sdpL|$_p k¡h__¡ L$pfZ¡ Apfp¡Áe A_¡ Apr\®L$ qõ\rs `f `X$sp âcphp¡_¡ DÅNf L$fhp Qpf rdr_V$_p¡ huqX$ep¡ rhop`_ "^ âpBT hu ¡' Åfu L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡.

Ap huqX$ep¡dp„ gp¡L$p¡ A_¡ s¡d_p Æh_ f sdpL|$ k¡h__¡ L$pfZ¡ X$sp âcphp¡_¡ V$pV$p d¡dp¡qfeg lp¡qõ`V$g_p L$¡Þkf hp¡X®$dp„ sdpL|$ k¡h_ L$fsp v$v$}Ap¡ A_¡ \su d©Ðey_u cep_L$sp rhj¡ qhõspf\u S>Zphhpdp Apìey R>¡. s¡dS> sdpL|$ k¡h_ L$f_pf rhi¡j ùqX$sp¡_p¡ kpnpÐL$pf `Z L$fphhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡. S>¡dp„ s¡d_p qfhpf_p gp¡L$p¡_u ipfuqfL$ Apr\®L$ õsf¡ \e¡gu f¡ip_uAp¡_¡ DÅNf L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

Ap huqX$ep¡_¡ rhð a¡akp apDÞX$¡i_ (hëX®$ g„Ák apD„X$¡i_)_u sL$_uL$u klpe hX$¡ s\p sdpL|$ DÐ`pv$_p¡ `f V$¡L$k h^pfu_¡ s¡_p h`fpi dpV$¡ gp¡L$p¡_¡ lsp¡Ðkpl L$fsp l¡qgk_p klep¡N\u b_phhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡. S>dp„ N°pauL$_u dv$v$\u Apfp¡Áe Q¡shZuAp¡ s\p DÃQ sdpL|$ V$¡L$k Üpfp L$X$L$ sdpL|$ r_e„ÓZ _ursAp¡_p q¾$epÞhe__p dpdgpAp¡_¡ Z v$ip®hpep R>¡.

"^ âpBT hu `¡' L$¡ÞÖ kfL$pf_y„ sdpL|$ rhfp¡û rhop`_

â\d k„d¡g_ a¡b°yApfu 2015dp„ k„d¡g__u \ud : N°¡V$ dp¥kd Ap¸a gr_¯N : _p¡g¡S> kp¡kpeV$uT A¡ÞX$ d¡qL„$N Ap¸a BqÞX$e_ Ap¡kue_ fuS>_'

"âp¡S>¡L$V$ dp¥kd'_y„ â\d Ap„sffpô²$ue k„d¡g_ _hu qv$ëlu Mps¡ a¡b°yApfu f01`dp„ Apep¡rS>s \i¡. S>¡dp„ fpô²$ue A_¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue ip¡^ cpNuv$pf A_¡ klep¡Nu cpN g¡i¡.

L$¡qÞÖe k„õL©$rs d„Ópge_p krQh fhuÞÖtkl Üpfp kp¥ â\dhpf "âp¡S>¡L$V$ dp¥kd'_p¡ âõsph Ap`hpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. S>¡ _p¡X$g kdÞhe A¡S>Þku_p ê$`¡ k„õL©$qs d„Ópge kp\¡ BqÞv$fp Np„û fpô²$ue L$gp L$¡ÞÖ, _hu rv$ëlu_u A¡L$ `l¡g ê$`¡ R>¡.

Ap âp¡S>¡L$V$_p¡ dy¿e l¡sy kdyÖu kp„õL©$rsL$ dpNp¡®, kdyÖu kp„õL©$rsL$ `qfÖíe A_¡ dpN® `f ìep`L$ X$¡V$pb¡T A_¡ e|_¡õL$p¡ h¡b àg¡V$ap¡d® b_phhy A_¡ \ud Üpfp e|_¡õL$p¡_u AÞe kp„õL©$rsL$ `f„`fpAp¡_¡ rhð rhfpks k„d¡g_ kp\¡ Å¡X$hp_p¡ R>¡.

"âp¡S>¡L$V$ dp¥kd'_p¡ âepk b¡ õsf¡ p¡sp_¡ õ\pr`s L$fhp_p¡ R>¡ (1) kp„õL©$rsL$ d|ëep¡ A_¡ rhQpfp¡_¡ kdS>hp dpV$¡ dv$v$ L$fu iL$¡ s¡ dpV$¡ dp¡V$p `pe¡ âp¡S>¡L$V$_p¡ l¡sy rlÞv$ dlpkpNf_u vy$r_ep v$¡ip¡_u hÃQ¡ k„Qpf\u Å¡X$pZ (f) _p_p `pe¡ âp¡S>¡L$V$_y„ ap¡L$k fpô²$ue k„õL©$rsAp¡ A_¡ s¡d_p n¡Óue kdyÖu qfhs®__¡ kdS>hp_y R>¡.âp

¡S>¡L$V$

dp¥kd

V$p¡gõV$p¡e apd®_p¡ ÆZp£Â^pf dÂeâv$¡i kfL$pf L$fi¡

cpfsue DÃQpep¡N, õ\p_ue cpfsue kd|v$pe, v$rnZ ApräL$p kfL$pf¡ kp\¡ dmu_¡ f0 Sy>gpB f014Þpp fp¡S> V$p¸gõV$p¡e apd®dp„\u |.Np„ûÆ_p v$rnZ ApräL$p\u cpfs f afhp_p 100 hj® |Z® \hp_p D`gÿedp„ A¡L$ kdpfp¡l_y„ Apep¡S>_ \i¡. s¡dS> apd®dp„ õ\p_ue kpdyv$preL$ k„NW$_p¡_p kd|l Üpfp rhL$rks L$fhpdp„ Aph_pf "NpX®$_ Ap¸a qfd¢bfk'_u õ\p`_p_u qfep¡S>_p_u iê$Aps Z Ap qv$hk¡ \i¡.

cpfs_p fpô²$q`sp `|.dlpÐdp Np„ûÆ S>¡_p g¡M_\u b¡lv$ âcprhs lsp, s¡ frie_ g¡ML$ rgep¡ V$p¸gõV$p¸e_p _pd `f\u _pd `pd¡gp V$p¡gõV$p¡e apd®_u õ\p`_p `|.bp`yA¡ B.k.1910dp„ v$rnZ ApräL$p Mps¡ L$fu lsu. 1100 A¡L$fdp„ a¡gpe¡gp Ap apd®_¡ s¡d_p rdÓ lfd_ L$¥g¡_b¡L$¡ v$p_dp„ Apàey lsy.

Ap apd®dp„\u `|.dlpÐdp Np„ûÆA¡ `p¡sp_p¡ â\d kÐepN°l iê$ L$ep£ lsp¡. A¡ rkhpe `|.bp`y_p kÐepN°l_p rkÂ^p„sp¡A¡ sÐL$pgu_ v$rnZ-ApräL$p_p AÞepe`|Z® A_¡ _õghpv$u ipk_ kpd¡ gX$hp ^¡e®hp_ rhfp¡û kdyv$pe_u dv$v$ L$fu lsu. ^¡e®hp_ rhfp¡û kd|v$pedp„ rhrcÞ_ ©›$c|rdAp¡, ÅrsAp¡, d®_p gp¡L$p¡ apd®dp„ lmudmu_¡ fl¡sp lsp.

V$p¡gõV$p¡e apd®

V$p¡gõV$p¸e apd®_p ÆZp®¡Â^pf dpV$¡ dÂeâv$¡i kfL$pf¡ A¡L$ L$fp¡X$_u fL$d apmhhp_u Op¡jZp 10 S|>_¡ L$fu lsu. Ap Op¡jZp dy¿ed„Óu rihfpS>rk„l Qp¥lpZ¡ Å¡lp„kbN®_p `qfÐeL$s rhõspf S>¡_u dprgL$u A¡L$ HV$ b_ph_pf L„$`_u pk¡ R>¡, s¡_u epÓp v$frdep_ L$fu lsu.

ÆZp®¡Â^pf dpV$¡ dÂeâv$¡i_u dv$v$

L$¡qÞÖe v|$f k„Qpf Apep¡N¡ v$¡icfdp„ `|Z® dp¡bpBg _„bf `p¡V$£rbguV$u_¡ 13 S|>__p fp¡S> k¥Â^p„rsL$ d„S|>fu âv$p_ L$fu R>¡. S>¡ A„sN®s dp¡bpBg N°plL$ v$¡idp„ L$ep„e `Z `p¡sp_p¡ _„bf e\phs fpMu_¡ dp¡bpBg Ap¡`f¡Vf$ bv$gu iL$i¡.

`|Z® dp¡bpBg _„bf `p¡V$£rbrgV$u_¡ k¥Â^p„qsL$ d„S|>fu

dÂeâv$¡i kfLpf¡ 17 S|>__p fp¡S> _d®v$p-dpmhp-N„cuf tgL$ qfep¡S>_p (A¡_.A¡d.Æ.A¡g.ù.)_¡ d„S|>fu âv$p_ L$fu R>¡. cp¡`pg Mps¡ dy¿ed„Óu rihfpS>tkl Qp¥lpZ_u AÂensp ^fphsp _d®v$p r_e„ÓZ d„X$m_u b¡W$L$dp„ Ap ep¡S>_p krls f143 L$fp¡X$ S>¡V$gu fL$d_u _v$u Å¡X$p¡ `qfep¡S>_p_¡ õhuL©$rs Ap`hpdp„ Aphu lsu.

_d®v$p-dpmhp-N„cuf `qfep¡S>_p dÂeâv$¡i_p BÞv$p¡f, Dˆ$¥_ rS>ëgpdp„ 1`8 Npdp¡_¡ tkQpB kyrh^p A_¡ v$¡i_u Ly$g `0,000 l¡L$V$f c|rd_¡ kyrh^p Apì¡. s¡dS> dpmhp n¡Ó_¡ cyNc® S>m õsf A_¡ ùhp_p `pZu_u s„Nu Ap¡R>u L$fhp A_¡ âõsprhs L$fhpdp„ Aph¡g R>¡.

dÂeâv$¡i kfL$pf¡ _d®v$p-dpmhp-N„cuf tgL$ `qfep¡S>_p_¡ d„S|>fu Apù

dlpfpô²$ rh^p_kcp Üpfp X$p„kbpf f |Z® ârsb„^ gNphsy rh^¡eL$ kpf dlpfpô²$ rh^p_kcp Üpfp 13 S|>__p fp¡S> X$p„kbpf r_j¡^

Ar^r_eddp„ k„ip¡^_ L$fsp rh^¡eL$_¡ d„S|>fu Ap`hpdp„ Aphu R>¡. Ap k„ip¡^_dp„ X$p„kbpfp¡_y„ gpekÞk fv$ L$fu_¡ \°u õV$pf A_¡

apBh õV$pf lp¡V$gp¡dp„ X$p„k âv$i®_ `f fp¡L$ gNphpB R>¡. Å¡ L¡, s¡dp„ `bdp„ ep¡Åsp `pqfhpfuL$ kdpfp¡l, qX$õL$p¡ \¡L$, Ap¸fL$¡õV²$p `pV$}dp„ \sp X$p„k f L„B S>Zphpey _\u.

Ap k„ip¡^__p c„N bv$g lp¡V$g_u `frdV$ fv$ L$fhp kp\¡ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>u ÓZ dpk\u h^ydp„h^y `p„Q hj® kyû S>¡g_u kÅ_u Å¡NhpB s\p A¡L$ gpM\u gB_¡ `p„Q gpM kyû_p v„$X$_u Å¡NhpB L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

L$¡qÞÖe k„õL©$rs d„Ópge Üpfp "dp¥kd `qfep¡S>_p' _u iê$Apsbly Apepdu rlÞv$ dlpkpNf_u vy$r_ep_u dprlsu d¡mhhp A_¡ s¡_u kp„õL©$rsL,$

hpZurS>eL,$ ^prd®L$ rhrh^sp `f$ `yfpspqÐhL$ A_¡ A¥qslprkL$ qfQk® L$fhp L$sf_p v$p¡lp Mps¡ f0 S|>_¡ rhð rhfpks krdrs_p 38dp„ kÓdp„ "âp¡S>¡L$V$ dp¥kd'_p¡ âpf„c L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡.

L$¡qÞÖe k„õL©$rs d„Ópge_p Ap âp¡S>¡L$V$dp„ e|_¡õL$p¡ krls Qu_, Bfp_, çep„dpf, k„eyL$s Apfb Ardfps A_¡ rhA¡s_pd S>¡hp v$¡ip¡_p fpS>v|$sp¡A¡ Z M|b S> JX$u ê$Qu v$ip®hu lsu.


kfL$pf Üpfp dpÞesp d¡mh¡gp A_¡ dyqõgd kdyv$pe_u kph®S>r_L$ õ\peu qfkç`rsAp¡_u r_epdL$ A_¡ r_e„ÓL$ k„õ\p hL$a bp¡X®$ sfuL$¡ Ap¡mMpe R>¡.

dÂeâv$¡i fpS>e_p hL$a bp¡X®$_p kv$õe `v$¡ fl¡gp _Tdp l¡`syëgp_¡ L$¡qÞÖe d„Óu d„X$mdp„ gOydsu dpdgp_p d„Ópgedp„ d„Óu `v$¡ r_dZ|„L$ L$fhpdp„ Aphsp s¡dZ¡ 13 S|>_¡ hL$a bp¡X®$dp„\u fpÆ_pdy Apàey R>¡.

DÑfpM„X$ kfL$pf_u L$¡rb_¡V$¡ ` S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> dy¿ed„Óu lfui fphs_u L$p¢N°¡k kfL$pf Üpfp "qL$kp_ âp¡ÐkplL$ `¢i_ ep¡S>_p' _¡ d„S|>fu âv$p_ L$fu lsu. Ap ep¡S>_p 1` Ap¸Nô$ f014 \u iê$ \i¡.

Ap ep¡S>_p A„sN®s fpS>edp„ l¡L$V$f c|rd `f M¡su L$f_pf qL$kp_p¡_¡ 800 ê$qèp ârs dpk ¢i_ Ap`hp_u Å¡NhpB R>¡. Ap âL$pf_u ep¡S>_p gph_pf DÑfpM„X$ fpS>e v$¡i_„y â\d fpS>e R>¡.

"qL$kp_ âp¡ÐkplL$ `¢i_ ep¡S>_p' -DÑfpM„X$ kfL$pf_u d„S|>fu

X$p¸._Tdp l¡`syëgp_y„ dÂeâv$¡i fpS>e hL$a bp¡X®$dp„\u fpÆ_pdy

`.b„Npm_u kfL$pf¡ f0 S|>__p fp¡S> rh^p_kcpdp„ S>g`pB NyX$u rSëgp_y„ rhcpS>_ L$fu_¡ Agu`yfÜpf _pd_p rS>ëgp_u fQ_p L$fhp_p¡ r_Z®e gu^p¡ R>¡. S>¡ f` S|>_¡ AqõsÐhdp„ Aphhp_u kp\¡ „.b„Npmdp„ Ly$g rS>ëgp_u k„¿ep f0 S>¡V$gu \B NB R>¡.

L$¡ÞÖ kfL$pf Üpfp 19 S|>_¡ 6 S>¡V$gu dlÐh`|Z® krdrsAp¡_y„ `y_N®W$_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. 4 L$¡rb_¡V$ krdrs_y„ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_p A_¡ bpL$u_u b¡ krdrs_y„ N©lâ^p_ fpS>_p\tkl_u AÂenspdp„ NW$_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy.

_f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u Qpf L$¡rb_¡V$ krdrs kyfnp, fpS>_ursL$ dpdgp, Apr\®L$ dpdgp, d„Óu d„X$gue r_e|qL$s_p AÂen v$¡ s\p fpS_p\tkl k„kv$ue L$pe® A_¡ Aphpk NW$_ krdrs_p AÂen fl¡i¡.

L$¡ÞÖ kfL$pf Üpfp 6 L$ ¡rb_¡V$ krdrsAp¡_y „ `y_N®W$_

.bN m N p r Æs` „ p _p¡ S>g`pB yX$u rS>ëg ¡ hcp

friep_p D` hX$pâ^p_ rv$rdÓu Ap¡ fp¡Np¡rS>__p¡ cpfs âhpk

friep_p D` hX$pâ^p_ qv$qdÓu Ap¡ fp¡Np¡qS>_ cpfs_u b¡ qv$hkue epÓp `f 18 S|>_¡ dygpL$ps¡ Apìep lsp. s¡dZ¡ hX$pâ^p_ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u A_¡ rhv$¡i d„Óu kyjdp õhfpS> kp\¡ dygpL$ps L$fu lsu.

dlpfpô²$ fpS>edp„ `R>ps`Zp_p Ap^pf¡ _l] L$¡ ^d®_p Ap^pf¡ dfpW$p_¡ 16% A_¡ dyqõgdp¡_¡ ` % S>¡V$gu A_pds rinZ k„õ\pAp¡dp„ Ap`hp dpV$¡ fpS>ed„Óu d„X$m Üpfp f6 S|>_¡ d„S|>fu âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. Ap a¢kgp¡ dykgdp_p¡_p kpdprS>L$ A_¡ i¥nrZL$ A_¡ Apr\®L$ R>ps`Zp_p Ap^pf¡ b_¡gu kÃQf krdrs A_¡ f„N_p\ rdîp Apep¡N_u cgpdZ_p Ap^pf¡ g¡hpep¡ R>¡.

b_¡ kdyv$pep¡_u fpS>edp„ Ly$g hksu 111 rdgue_ S>¡V$gu R>¡. S>¡dp„ dfpW$p 3f % A_¡ dyqõgd % S>¡V$gu R>¡.

àB.k.f007dp„ Ap„^°âv$¡i fpS>e dykgdp_p¡_¡ 4 % A_pds Ap`_pf â\d fpS>e bÞey lsy. Å¡ L$¡ bpv$dp„ lpBL$p¡V$£ A¡hy S>Zphu_¡ A_pds r_fõs L$fu_¡ S>Zpìey lsy L$¡ Ap âL$pf_u A_pds_¡ L$pfZ¡ k„rh^p__p A_yÃR>¡v$ 14, 1`(1) A_¡ 16(f) Dëg„O_ \pe R>¡.

B.k.199fdp„ kyrâd L$p¡V®$_u k„rh^p_ ùW$¡ d„X$g Apep¡N Üpfp Ap¡.bu.ku._¡ âv$p_ \sp ApfnZ_u cgpdZp¡_¡ k„h¡^pr_L$ ê$`¡ ep¡Áe S>Zphu_¡ v$f¡L$ âL$pf_u A_pds dpV$¡ Ly$g `0% _u Ar^L$sd kudp r_^p®fus L$fu lsu.à `0 % A_pds_u kudp r_^p®qfs L$fhp R>sp L$¡V$gpL$ fpS>ep¡ h^y

ApfnZ Apù füp R>¡. S>¡dp„ Ap„^°âv$¡i 83 %, srdg_pXy$dp„ 69 % S>¡V$gy ApfnZ R>¡.àdlpfpô²$ fpS>edp„ hj® f004dp„ qhgpkfph v$¡idyM_u kfL$pf hMs¡

kp¥ â\dhpf dyqõgd A_pds_u dp„N DW$u lsu. àhs®dp_ kfL$pf¡ dyqõgd/dfpW$pAp¡_¡ Ap`¡gu A_pds kpd¡ kyrâd

L$p¡V®$dp„ `X$L$pf Apù iL$pe R>¡. Lp$fZ L$¡, kyâud L$p¡V®$ Üpfp r_^p®qfs `0 % A_pds_u kudp_p¡ c„N \pe R>¡.

dlpfpô²$dp„ dfpW$p_¡ 1` %, dyqõgdp¡_¡ % A_pds

dy[õgd A_pds rhj¡ ÅZhp S>¡hy :

Dcfu Aphu R>¡. B.ù.ku. n¡Ó `pk¡ Ap¡Bg A_¡ N¡k `¡V²$p¡L$¡rdL$ëk, M__ A_¡ ^psy rhop_, Dh®fL$ rhS>mu A_¡ byr_epv$u dpmMp n¡Ó¡ rhrh^ `p¡V®$ap¡rgep¡_u `qfep¡S>_pAp¡ R>¡._hfÐ_ v$fˆ$p¡ âpá L$fhp dpV$¡_p dp`v„$X$- `pR>gp `p„Q hj®dp„ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p ÓZ DÐL©$ô$ L$¡ M|b S> kpfp d¡dp¡f¢X$d A¸a A„X$f õV¡qÞX„$$N- A_yk|rQ A¡ A_¡ rdr_fÐ_ î¡Zu-1 _p¡ v$fˆ$p¡ lp¡hp¡.- `pR>gp ÓZ hj®_p âv$i®_ `f 100 A„L$dp„\u 60 L$¡ s¡_p\u h^y A¡L$ L$¡, q_çdguqMs v$nsp dp`v„$X$ `f âpá \ep lp¡e.(1) _¡V$h\® f iyÂ^ gpc(f) DÐ`pv$_ A_¡ k¡hp f dp_hîd MQ®(3) r_ep¡rS>s |„Æ õhê$`¡ kL$g dprS®>_(4) V$_®Ap¡hf ê$`¡ kL$g gpc(`) âqs i¡f AphL$(6) _¡V$h\® `f iyÂ^ gpc `f Ap^pqfs A„sfn¡Óue syg_p

fpô²$ue ch_ q_dp®Z r_Nd A_¡ A¡qÞS>r_ek® HqX$ep rgrdV$¡X$_¡ _hfÐ__p¡ v$fˆ$p¡ âv$p_ \ep¡

cpf¡ DÛp¡N A_¡ kph®S>r_L$ d„Ópge_¡ Apr^_ kph®S>r_L$ D`¾$d rhcpN Üpfp _pZp„ A_¡ k„Qpg_ õhpesÑp h^pfhp dpV$¡ L$¡ÞÖ kfL$pf Üpfp f4 S|>_¡ fpô²$ue ch_ r_dp®Z r_Nd (A¡_.bu.ku.ku.) A_¡ A¡qÞS>r_ek® BqÞX$ep rgrdV$¡X$ (B.ApB.A¡g.)_¡ _hfÐ_p¡ v$fˆ$p¡ âv$p_ \ep¡ R>¡. _hfÐ_p¡ v$fˆ$p¡ dmhp_¡ L$pfZ¡ L„$`_uAp¡_¡ L$¡V$guL$ ep¡S>_pAp¡ dpV$¡ r_Z®e g¡hpdp„ Ry>V$R>pV$ dm¡ R>¡.

fpô²$ue ch_ q_dp®Z r_Nd (A¡_.bu.ku.ku.)

cpfs A_¡ rhv$¡ip¡dp„ rhrh^ âL©$rs, S>qV$gspAp¡ A_¡ kpdprS>L$, fpS>_ursL$ cp¥Np¡rgL$ õ\p_p¡ `f rkrhg A¡qÞS>r_ef]N r_dp®Z k¡hp âv$p_ L$f¡ R>¡. A¡_.bu.ku.ku. byr_epv$u dpmMp n¡Ódp„ `Z kq¾$e füy R>¡. S>¡dp„ rQd_u, L|$tgN V$phf A_¡ Sy>v$p Sy>v$p âL$pf_p DÅ® àgp„V$p¡ kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gu `qfep¡S>_p_y„ L$pe® L$ey® R>¡.

A¡qÞS>r_ek® HqX$ep rgrdV$¡X$ (B.ApB.A¡g.)

cpfs_u dy¿e A¡qÞS>r_eqf„N `fpdi®v$psp L„$`_u sfuL$¡

cpfsue rhop_ k„õ\p_ (BqÞX$e_ BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$$ Ap¸a kpeÞk) b¢Ág|ê$ s\p L$¡qÞÖe g^y A_¡ dÂed DÛed d„Ópge hÃQ¡_p A¡d.Ap¡. e|._p am õhê$`¡ k„õ\p__p b¢Ág|ê$ Mps¡_p qfkfdp„ 17 S|>__p fp¡S> L$¡qÞÖe d„Óu L$gfpS> rdîA¡ A¡L$ "DÐL©$ô$sp L$¡ÞÖ' _y„ Dv$¹OpV$_ L$ey® lsy.

DÐL©ô$sp L$¡ÞÖ_y„ L$pe® :à cpfsue rhop_ k„õ\p__p k„ip¡^_L$sp®Ap¡,

byqÂ^ÆhuAp¡, âpÂep`L$p¡_p op_ A_¡ A_|ch\u A¡d.A¡k.A¡.B. n¡Ódp„ _hfQ_p, ârsõ`^p® A_¡ rhL$pkdp„ ep¡Nv$p_ Ap`hy.

à DÛp¡Np¡_p õhv$¡iuLfZ A_¡ d|ëe A¡qÞS>r_eqf„N dpV$¡ âq¾$ep A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ qX$TpB_ s\p qhL$pk dpV$¡ A¡L$ d„Q ê$`¡ L$pe® L$fhy.

cpfsue rhop_ k„õ\p_, b¢Ág|ê$L$Zp®V$L$_p b¢Ág|ê$ Mps¡ f7 d¡ 1909_p fp¡S> DÃQ

rinZ A_¡ ip¡^ n¡Ó¡ ep¡Nv$p_ Ap`hpdp„ Ddv$p l¡sy\u cpfsue rhop_ k„õ\p__u õ\p`_p L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. k„õ\p__u õ\p`_p dpV$¡ S>di¡v$Æ V$pV$p_p klL$d} byfp¡fÆ `pv$ipl_u c|rdL$p dlÐh`|Z® lsu. s¡dS> s¡ dpV$¡ klep¡N Ap`_pf S>di¡v$Æ V$pV$p, õhprd rhh¡L$p_„v$ S>¡ kh®rhqv$s riL$pNp¡ epÓpdp„ s¡d_p klep¡Nu lsp. d¥k|f_p dlpfpÅ îu L©$óZfpS> hpX$uepf, s¡d_p dpsp A_¡ sÐL$prg_ hpBkfp¡e gp¡X®$ L$T®_ lsp.

BqÞX$e_ BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$ Ap¸a kpeÞk, b¢Ág|ê$ Mps¡ DÐL©$ô$sp L$¡ÞÖ_u iê$Aps

DÑd âL$pf_u hrlhV$_u dp„N kp\¡ B.k.1994\u g„bpB fl¡gp \pZ¡ rS>ëgp_p rhcpS>__u bpbs_¡ dlpfpô²$ kfL$pf¡ 13 S|>__p fp¡S> d„S|>fu_u dlp¡f dpfu R>¡. \pZ¡ rS>‰p_p rhcpS>__u dp„N Apd sp¡ B.k.1980_p v$kL$p_p dÂe\u \B flu lsu. S>¡_¡ Âep_¡ gB_¡ rhcpS>_ dpV$¡ ìehlpqfL$ AÂee_ `Z L$fphpey lsy `f„sy rhcpS>__p¡ a¦kgp¡ Ap¸L$V$p¡bf f01fdp„ L$p¡L$Z k„cpNue ApeyL$s_u AÂenspd„p fQpe¡g krdrs_p Ap^pf f \ep¡ lsp¡.

\pZ¡ rS>‰p_y„ Ap rhcpS>_ 1 Ap¡Nô$, f014 \u gpN| \i¡ A_¡ \pZ¡dp„\u AgN X$¡gp¡ _hp¡ rSëgp¡ pgOf dlpfpô²$_p¡ 36dp¡ rSëgp¡ b_i¡. fpS>e kfL$pf¡ pgOfdp„ dpmMpL$ue kyrh^p dpV$¡ 4`0 L$fp¡X$ âv$p_ L$fhp_u Ål¡fps L$fu R>¡.

rS>ëgp¡ Ly$g hksu kdprhô$ n¡Ó\pZ¡ 80.`8 gpM L$ëepZ, A„bf_p\,D‰pk_Nf, dyfbpv$, iplp`yf`pgOf 1.10 L$fp¡X$ `pgOf, S>hplf, dp¡Mpv$p, sgkpfu, hkB, hpX$p, v$lpÏ, rh¾$dNY$

rhcpS>_ bpv$_u qõ\rs :

hj® f01f-f013 v$frdep_ qv$ëlu fpS>e_¡ L$¡fp¡rk_ dyL$s b_phhp_u ep¡S>_p_u \e¡gu iê$Aps f„N gphu R>¡. qv$ëlu kfL$pf¡ 16 S|>_¡ L$f¡gu Op¡jZp dyS>b qv$ëlu v$¡i_y„ â\d L$¡fp¡rk_ dyL$s fpS>e b_u Ney R>¡. qv$ëlu kfL$pf¡ Ap ep¡S>_p f 6f L$fp¡X$ S>¡V$gp¡ MQ® L$fu_¡ b¡ gpM rfhpfp¡_¡ das A¡g.ù.Æ. rkrgÞX$f, f¡Áeyg¡V$f, N¡k õV$h, kyfnp V$e|b A_¡ N¡k L$_¡L$i_ D`gå^ L$fpìep lsp.L$¡fp¡rk_ dyL$s Op¡rjs \hp `l¡gp qv$ëludp„ åg| f„N_p L$¡fp¡rk__„y h¡QpZ \sy lsy. S>¡_y„ h¡QpZ A_¡ Dèp¡N lh¡ |Z® fus¡ ârsb„r^s R>¡. R>sp L$p¡B âqsb„^_p¡ c„N L$fi¡ sp¡ s¡_p f Bk¢rkeg L$p¡dp¡qX$V$u A¡L$V$ 19`` A_¡ qv$ëlu L$¡fp¡ku_ Ap¡Bg L„$V²$p¡g A¡L$V$ 196f A„sN®s kMs L$pe®hplu L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡ s¡dS> qv$ëlu _Nf r_Nd Üpfp ap¡q„N„N dpV$¡ âep¡N L$fhpdp„ Aphsy ka¡v$ f„N_y„ kbqkX$u hNf_y„ L$¡fp¡rk_ s¡g L„$`_uAp¡_p ApDV$g¡V$ f D`gå^ R>¡.

qv$ëlu fpS>e_¡ L$¡fp¡rk_ dyL$s b_phhp_u ep¡S>_p_u iê$Aps f1 Ap¡Nô$ f01f_p fp¡S> L$¡qÞÖe `¡V²$p¡rged A_¡ Ly$v$fsu N¡k d„Ópge A_¡ ÓZ dy¿e `¡V²$p¡rged L„$`_uAp¡_p klep¡N\u \B lsu. qv$ëludp„ ârs hj® 3,000 qL$gp¡ guV$f L$¡fp¡rk__p¡ Dèp¡N \sp¡ lsp¡. S>¡ S>ê$fuepsd„v$ qfhpfp¡_¡ 1f.`0 ê$rèp_p cph¡ âqs rgV$f Ap`hpd„p Apìey lsy. S>¡_p f 1` ê$rèp_u kbqkX$u L$¡ÞÖ kfL$pf Üpfp Ap`hpdp„ Aphsu lsu. S>¡_p f ârs hj® f00 L$fp¡X$ S>¡V$gu fL$d kbuqkX$u ê$`¡ MQ® \su lsu. S>¡_u lh¡ kfL$pf_¡ bQs \i¡.

cpfs_p kp¥\u h^y hksu ^fphsp rS>ëgp \pZ¡_p rhcpS>__¡ dlpfpô²$ kfL$pf_u d„S>|fu

qv$ëlu bÞey v$¡i_y„ â\d L$¡fp¡ku_ dyL$s fpS>e

L$¡fp¡ku_ dyL$s ep¡S>_p

friep cpfs `fdpÏ v$preÐh L$p_|_ `f klds

friep 10 S|>__p fp¡S> k¥Â^p„rsL$ fus¡ cpfsue `fdpÏ v$pqeÐh L$p_|_ dpV$¡ klds \B Ney R>¡. S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ Ly$X$_Ly$gd fdpÏ rhS>mu k„e„Ó_p ÓuÅ A_¡ Qp¡\p A¡L$d dpV$¡_u kdS|>su lõspnf dpV$¡_p¡ fõsp¡ Apkp_ \B Nep¡ R>¡.


`|Z¡_u aÁe|®k_ L$p¡g¡S>_p Aph¡v$_ ap¡d®dp„ ÓuÅ tgN_u î¡Zu_¡ f6 S|>_¡ kpd¡g L$fu_¡ qL$Þ_fp¡_u d_psu ÓuÆ î¡Zu_p tgN dpV$¡ Ap âL$pf¡ kyrh^p D`gå^ L$fph_pf v$¡i_u â\d L$p¸g¡S> b_u NB R>¡. â\d hj® bu.A¡., bu.A¡k.ku. dpV$¡ AfÆ ap¡d®, Ap¸_gpB_ D`gå^ R>¡. S>¡dp„ ÓuÅ tgN_p¡ rhL$ë` fpMhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡. Ap âL$pf_p¡ a¦kgp¡ A¡râg f014dp„ kyâud L$p¡V®$ Üpfp ÓuÆ tgN_¡ dpÞesp A`pep bpv$ g¡hpep¡ R>¡.

bp¡f hÞe Æh AcepfÎe v$¡i_y„ 47dy„ V$pBNf qfTh® bÞey

dlpfpô²$ fpS>e_p _pN`yf A_¡ h^p® rS>ëgp_u kudp `f Aph¡gp bp¡f hÞeÆh AcepfÎe_¡ L$¡qÞÖe h_ A_¡ èp®hfZ d„Ópge Üpfp 1 Sy>gpB_p fp¡S> v$¡i_p 47dp„ A_¡ dlpfpô²$_p R>Ì$p V$pBNf-qfTh® sfuL$ ¡ Ar^k|rQs L$ey® R>¡.

Ap r_Z®e fpô²$ue ìy_p k„fnZ dpV$¡_p âepkp¡ h^y dS>bys b_phhp_p l¡sy\u L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, dlpfpô²$dp„ AÞe V$pBNf qfTh® d¡gOpV$, `¢Q, sv$p¡bp, _pNÆfp, kepÖu Aph¡gp R>¡.

`°p¡S>¡L$V$ V$pBNfâp¡S>¡L$V$ V$pBNf_p¡ Dv«¡i hpO_p âS>__ dpV$¡

kyfrns A_¡ kyrh^pS>_L$ hpsphfZ b_phhp_p¡ A_¡ hpO_u hksudp„ h^pfp¡ L$fhp_p¡ R>¡. V$pBNf qfTh® A¡L$ baf fZ_urs A„sN®s fQhpdp„ Aphu füp R>¡. âp¡S>¡L$V$ V$pBNf fpô²$ue hpO k„fnZ Ap¸\p¡qfV$u Üpfp r_e„qÓs R>¡.cpfs v$¡idp„ âp¡S>¡L$V$ V$pBNf sÐL$pgu_ hX$pâ^p_ BqÞv$fp Np„û_p _¡s©Ðhdp„ cpfs kfL$pf Üpfp B.k.1973dp„ gyá âpe \B fl¡gp hpO_u âÅrsAp¡_¡ bQphhp dpV$¡ iê$ \ep¡ lsp¡. S>¡ A„sN®s 9 V$pBNf qfTh®\u \e¡gu iê$Aps ApS>¡ 47 S>¡V$gu k„¿epdp„ \B NB R>¡.

DÑfâv$¡i fpS>e_p è®V$_ õ\m ApNfp, d\yfp, MS|>fplp¡, hpfpZku A_¡ ^prd®L$ n¡Ó d\yfp, Aep¡Âep, hpfpZku A_¡ Agplpbpv$_¡ `fõ`f s\p fpS>^p_u gM_D_¡ fpS>e_p v$f¡ rS>‰p dy¿e d\L $kp\¡ Å¡X$hp dpV$¡ fpS>e_u â\d V$¡L$ku k¡hp "hpey rdÓ' dpV$¡ Mp_Nu n¡Ó_u L„$`_u qfhf A¡qÞS>r_ef]N âpBh¡V$ rgrdV$¡X$ kp\¡ A¡d.Ap¡.e|. f _hu qv$ëlu Mps¡ q_h¡iL$ k„d¡g_ v$frdep_ dy¿ed„Óu ArMg¡i epv$h¡ lõspnf L$ep® lsp.

`rfep¡S>_pdp„ lhpB A¡çåeyg„k k¡hp âv$p_ L$fhp_u Å¡NhpB `Z R>¡. s¡dS> Ap`psL$prg_ rQqL$Ðkp dpV$¡ Ap k¡hp_p¡ Dèp¡N L$f_pf hqf›$ _pNqfL$p¡_¡ rhi¡j kyrh^p A_¡ cpX$pdp„ fpls kqls_u Å¡NhpB L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

"hpeyrdÓ' qfep¡S>_p iê$Apsdp„ Qpf l¡rgL$p¸àV$fp¡ kp\¡ iê$ \i¡. S>¡_u k„¿ep uf¡ uf¡ h^pfhpdp„ Aphi¡. Ap ep¡S>_p f 3`0 L$fp¡X$_p¡ MQ® \i¡.

DÑfâv$¡i fpS>e_u â\d lhpB V$¡L$ku k¡hp "hpeyrdÓ' aÁe|®k_ L$p¡g¡S>_p Aph¡v$_ ap¡d®dp„ ÓuÆ tgN_u î¡Zu kpd¡g

DÑfâv$¡i_p fpS>e`pg bu.A¡g.Å¡iuA¡ 17 S|>_¡ `p¡sp_p `v$ `f\u fpÆ_pdy fpô²$`rs âZh dyMÆ®_¡ kp¢ù v$u^y lsy. s¡Ap¡ Sy>gpB f009dp„ fpS>e`pg sfuL$¡ v$pr^_ \ep lsp.

bu.A¡g. Å¡iu_y„ fpÆ_pdy A¡hp kde¡ Apìey R>¡ L$¡ S>epf¡ dp¡v$u kfL$pf Üpfp ey.ù.A¡ kfL$pf Üpfp r_dZ|„L$ \e¡gp fpS>e`pg_¡ lV$phhp_u lgQg \B flu lsu.

d¡ f010çpp„ A¡k.Apf.bp¡dp_u L$¡kdp„ r_Z®e Ap`sp khp£ÃQ Av$pgs¡ S>Zpìey lsy L$¡, fpS>e`pg L$¡ÞÖ kfL$pf_p L$d®Qpfu _\u lp¡sp A¡V$g¡ kfL$pf bv$ghp kp\¡ s¡d_¡ d_dp_u fus¡ bv$gu iL$psp _\u. Þepepge_p S>Zpìep A_ykpf L$v$pQpf L$¡ AÞe Ar_erdssp_p Apfp¡`p¡_p Ap^pf¡ s¡d_¡ bv$ghp Å¡BA¡.

DÑfâv$¡i_p fpS>e`pg bu.A¡g.Å¡iu_y„ fpÆ_pdy

iy„ lsp¡ khp£ÃQ Av$pgs_p¡ r_Z®e ?

"fZ_y„ S>lpS>' sfuL$¡ Ap¡mMpsy s\p ìy sfuL$¡ fpS>õ\p_dp„ Ak„¿e gp¡L$p¡_¡ ApÆrhL$p âv$p_ L$fsp V$_¡ buL$p_¡f Mps¡ ep¡Åe¡gu L$¡rb_¡V$ b¡W$L$dp„ kfL$pf Ap`_p Üpf¡ Arcep_ v$fçep_ 30 S|_¡ fpS>e ìy sfuL$¡ Op¡rjs L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy.

R>¡ëgp L$¡V$gpL$ hjp£\u Ap Dèp¡Nu ìy_¡ s¡_p dpk_p Dèp¡N, `X$p¡iu fpS>edp„ õ\mp„sf s\p bguv$p_ QX$phhp dpV$¡ Dèp¡Ndp„ g¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡_u k„¿ep TX$`\u OV$u flu R>¡, S>¡ ârs `p„Q hj® f` % _p¡ OV$pX$p¡ v$ip®h¡ R>¡. hj® 1997dp„ 66,8,800 S>¡V$gp _p¢^pe¡gp JV$ hj® f003dp„ OV$u_¡ 4,98,000 S>¡V$gp \B Nep lsp. s¡dS> hj® 2003-08 v$fqdep_ S>¡kgd¡f rS>ëgpdp

à

à NyS>fps_p L$ÃR>dp„ fpÄe_y„ A¡L$dpÓ

à

à

à

K

KV$_u hksudp„ h^pfp¡ \ep¡ R>¡.

hs®dp_ kde¡ v$¡idp„ KV$_u S>¡kgd¡fu, rbL$p_¡fu, L$ÃR>u A_¡ dpfhpX$u A¡d p„Q Års dpÞesp âpá R>¡.

KV$ k„h^®_ L$¡ÞÖ p¡fuNpd Mps¡ Aph¡gy R>¡. Alu L$ÃR>u Ap¡gpv$_p KV$_u ÅmhZu \pe R>¡. Ap KV$ bu.A¡k.A¡a. A_¡ NyS>fps_u `p¡rgk Mfuv$¡ R>¡.

NyS>fps_p ìy`pg_ rhcpN¡ KV$X$u_p vy$^_y„ h¡QpZ L$fhp_u ep¡S>_p b_phu R>¡ S>¡ dpV$¡ fpÄe kfL$pf Üpfp 80 gpM_u d„S|>fu âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

KV$X$u_y„ vy$^ ågX$ L$¡Þkfdp„ AL$kuf R>¡ S>¡_¡ L$¡Þkf qfkQ® BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$¡ `Z âdpZus L$ey® R>¡. s¡dS> S>mp¡v$f S>¡hp fp¡Ndp„ Apeyh£v$ r_óZp„sp¡ s¡_y„ k¡h_ L$fhp_y„ S>Zphsp lp¡e R>¡.

L$ÃR>_u MfpB Års_p KV$ fZdp„ Qpgu iL$hp kp\¡ `pZudp„ sfu Z iL$¡ R>¡. v$qfepdp„ s¡ ÓZ qL$gp¡duV$f kyû sfu iL$hp_u ndsp fph¡ R>¡. s¡dS> ÓZ lÅf V$u.X$u.A¡k. S>¡V$gy Mpê$ `pZu `Z ù iL$¡ R>¡. X$eyAg BL$p¡ rkõV$ddp„ Æhu iL$sp Ap âpZu_u fp¡N ârsL$pfL$ iqL$s DÑd L$np_u R>¡.

fpS>õ\p_ kfL$pf Üpfp V$_¡ fpS>eìy Op¡rjs L$fhpdp„ Apìey„

K

KV$ $rhj¡ ÅZhp S>¡hy

dÂeâv$¡idp„ dqlgpAp¡_u klpesp dpV$¡ "Np¥fhu' L$¡ÞÖ_u iê$Apsdrlgp_p kçdp_ A_¡ k„fnZ l¡sykf v$¡i_y„ â\d A¡L$uL©$s k„L$V$ kdp^p_ L$¡ÞÖ (h_ õV$p¡`

¾$pBrkk qfk¡ëe|i_ k¡ÞV$f) "Np¥fhu'_u iê$Aps dÂeâv$¡i_p cp¡`pg Mps¡ 16 S|>__p fp¡S> \B lsu. S>¡_„y Dv$¹OpV$_ raëd Arc_¡sp ApdufMp_¡ L$ey® lsy. S>¡ dÂeâv$¡i kfL$pf A_¡ A¡L$i_ A¡X$ (A¡_.Æ.Ap¡.)_u k„eyL$s L$pe® ep¡S>_p R>¡.

"Np¥fhu L$¡ÞÖ ep¡S>_p'ØdÂeâv$¡i kfL$pf Üpfp dqlgpAp¡_p kÞdp_ A_¡ k„fnZ_p l¡sykf "Np¥fhu' L$¡ÞÖ_p¡ âpf„c

\ep¡ R>¡. S>¡_u õ\p`_p fpS>e_p âÐe¡L$ rS>ëgpdp„ \i¡. Ap L$¡ÞÖp¡ drlgpAp¡_p kçdp_ A_¡ s¡d_p Ar^L$pfp¡_p k„fnZ bpbs¡ L$pe® L$fi¡.Ø"Np¥fhu' L$¡ÞÖdp„ dy¿eê$`¡ tlkp A_¡ bmpÐL$pf_u qiL$pf drlgpAp¡_u dv$v$ L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡.

S>¡dp„ Ap`rÑ lõsn¡` k¡hp, A¡a.ApB.Apf. _p¢^phhpdp„ klep¡N, Ðhfus `fpdi®, S>ê$fu kyfnp, ipkqL$e ep¡S>_pAp¡_p¡ gpc A`phhp¡, L$p_|_u r_óZp„sp¡ `pk¡\u kgpl, Æh_ Æhhp klpesp A_¡ y_hp®k S>¡hu bpbsp¡ kpd¡g R>¡.

DÑfpM„X$ rh^p_kcp kÓ N¥fk¥Z Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s \eyB.k.f000dp„ DÑfpM„X$_u

fQ_p bpv$ â\dhpf fpS>^p_u v$l¡fpv|$__u blpf rh^p_kcp kÓ 9 S|>_ \u 11 S>|_ kyû Qdp¡gu_p N¡fk¥Z Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s \ey lsy.

DÑfpM„X$_u fQ_p bpv$ Al]_p gp¡L$p¡_u dp„N lsu L$>¡, N¥fk¡Z_¡ fpS>e_u fpS>^p_u b_phhpdp„ Aph¡ S>¡\u hj® f013dp„ `|h® dy¿ed„Óu rhS>e blyNyZpA¡ Alu„ buSy> kcp ch_ õ\pr`s L$ey ® lsy. hs®dp_

dy¿ed„Óu lfui fphs¡ gp¡L$p¡_u cph_pAp¡_¡ kçdp_ A`®hp Al] rh^p_kcp kÓ ep¡S>ey lsy.


v$¡i_u buÅ _„bf_u kp¥\u d p ¡ V $ u d p ¡b pBg L „ $ `_ u dpB¾$p¡d¡L$k$ cpfsu A¡fV$¡g_p `|h® ku.B.Ap¡. k„S>e L$`|f_¡ dpB¾$p¡kp¡aV$_p AÂen `v$¡ ` S|>__p fp¡S> r_e|L$s L$ep® R>¡.

dëV$u_¡i_g dpq„lsu V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ A_¡ kp¡aV$h¡f k¡hp L„$`_u Hap¡rkk_p _hp dy¿e Ar^L$pfu (ku.B.Ap¡.) kl dy¿e âb„^ r_v$£iL$ (A¡d.X$u.) sfuL$¡ 11 S|>__p fp¡S> rhipg rkL$L$p_u Op¡jZp \B R>¡. s¡Ap¡ hs®dp_ ku.B.Ap¡. A¡k.X$u. qib|gpg_„y õ\p_ 1 Ap¡Nô$ f014_p fp¡S> g¡i¡.

A¡râg f014 hp¡gÞV$fu fuV$ped£ÞV$ g¡_pf hpBk A¡X$rdfg i¡Mftklp_p õ\p_ `f hpBk A¡X$rdfg Ar_g Qp¡`X$p_u r_dZ|„L$ qòdu _p¥k¥r_L$ L$dp„X$_p "L$dp„X$f B_ Qua' sfuL$¡ 6 S|>__p fp¡S> \B R>¡. Ap r_dZ|„L$ l¡gp s¡Ap¡ |h} _p¥k¥r_L$ L$dp„X$_p L$dp„X$f B_ Qua_p v$ f hj® f011 \u L$pe®fs lsp.

B.k.197`dp„ cpfsue _p¥ k¡_pdp„ L$rdi_ âpá L$f_pf hpBk A¡X$rdfg Ar_g Qp¡`X$p hj® f008 \u hj® f011 kyû cpfsue L$p¡õV$ NpX®$_p dlpr_v$£iL$ flu QyL$ep R>¡.

cpfsdp„ Ad¡qfL$p_p A„sqfd fpS>v|$s sfuL$¡ L$¥\gu_ õV$ua„k¡ 6 S|>__p fp¡S> L$pe®cpf k„cpýep¡ lsp¡. s¡dZ¡ `|h® Ad¡qfL$u fpS>v|$s _¦ku `p¸h¡g_y õ\p_ gu^y R>¡. _¥„ku `p¸h¡g¡ dpQ® f014dp„ `p¡sp_p L$pe®L$pm_p A„s_u Ål¡fps L$fu_¡ ff d¡ f014Þpp fp¡S> cpfs R>p¡X$ey lsy.

v$rnZ A_¡ dÂe A¡qiep_p klpeL$ krQh r_ip rbõhpg_p cpfs ApNd__p ê$`¡ cpfs A_¡ Ad¡qfL$p_p `l¡gp Ap¥`QpqfL$ k„`L®$ bpv$ syf„s L$¥\gu_ õV$ua„k¡ `v$cpf k„cpýep¡ lsp¡. s¡Ap¡ Ap `v$ `f Ðep„ kyû fl¡i¡ S>ep„ kyû Ad¡qfL$u ku_¡V$ Üpfp _hp õ\pB fpS>v|$s _prds L$fhpdp„ _ Aph¡.

A¡Q.ù. ìlg®`yg, _p¡qL$ep, L$p¸auQ¡B_ bqfõsp S>¡hu L„$`_uAp¡dp„ L$pe® L$fu QyL$_pf A_¡ hs®dp_dp„ A¡L$ õhs„Ó kgplL$pfê$`¡ L$pe®fs, V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ DÛp¡N_p¡ 30 hj®_p¡ A_|ch ^fphsp ky_ug v$Ñ_u 10 S|>__p fp¡S> qfgpe„k rS>ep¡ BÞap¡L$p¸d_p AÂen sfuL$¡ r_dZ|„L$ \B R>¡.

qfgpeÞk Hap¡L$p¡d_p AÂen `v$¡ ky_ug v$Ñ

qfgpe„k BÞX$õV²$uT_u `|Z® dprgL$u_u A_¡ dyL$¡i A„bpZu Üpfp r_e„Óus qfgp„ek ÆAp¡ Bap¢L$p¡d L„$`_u rinZ, Apfp¡Áe, kyfnp, _pZp„ k¡hp A_¡ Sy>v$u Sy>v$u qXqTV$g k¡hpAp¡ âv$p_ L$fhp dpV$¡ 4-Æ hpefg¡k k¡hp A_¡ ArMg cpfsue v|$fk„Qpf _¡V$hL®$ õ\pr`s L$fu flu R>¡.

qfgp„ek ÆAp¡ B„ap¡L$p¸d :

Hap¡rkk_p ku.B.Ap¡. sfuL$¡ rhipg rkL$L$p

HV$f`p¡g_p dlpkrQh `v$¡ Sy>e£N_ õV$pL$HV$f`p¡g rhjeL$ : (International Criminal Police Organization)

B.k.19f3dp„ õ\`pe¡gu A_¡ äp„k_p guep ¡ il¡fdp „ d y¿ed\L$ ^fphsu Ap„sffpô²$ue A`fpr^L$ `p¡qgk k„õ\p BÞV$f`p¡g_p hs®dp_ kv$õe v$¡ip¡_u k„¿ep 190 S>¡V$gu R>¡.

HV$f`p¡g p¡sp_p kv$õe v$¡ip¡_u p¡rgk kp\¡ klep¡N L$fu_¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue A`fp^_¡ AV$L$phhp A_¡ A`fpû_¡ `L$X$hp dpV$¡ dv$v$ L$f¡ R>¡.

S|>e£N_ õV$pL$_u r_dZ|„L$ :HV$f`p¡g_u L$pe®L$pfu krdrs L$¡ S>¡dp Ad¡qfL$p, L$¡_¡X$p,

rQgu, BV$gu, _¡^fg¡ÞX$, ra_g¡ÞX$, Å`p_, L$p¡qfep, _pBÆfuep, AëÆfuep, fhp„X$p A_¡ L$sf S>¡hp v$¡i kpd¡g lsp s¡Z¡ HV$f`p¡g_p dlpkrQh_p `v$ dpV$¡ 17 S|>_¡ S>d®_u_p S|>e£N_ õV$pL$_u k„v$Nu L$fu R>¡. s¡Ap¡ hj® f01`dp„ fp¡_pëX$ L$¡ _p¡b¡g (Ad¡qfL$p)_p v$ R>p¡X$ep bpv$ L$pe®cpf k„cpmi¡.

D‰¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, cpfs sfa\u kubuApB_p X$pef¡L$V$f f„Æstklp Ap v$ dpV$¡_p Dd¡v$hpf lsp.

^L$ ^L$ Ng® dp^yfu v$urns "ddsp Arcep_'_p b°p„X$ A¡çb¡k¡X$f bÞep

f6 S|>_ f014\u e|r_k¡a_p cp ¡`pg A¡L $d_p klep ¡N\u Apep¡rS>s A¡L$ kdpfp¡l kp\¡ dÂeâv$¡i fpS>e kfL$pf¡ raëd Arc_¡Óu dp^yfu v$urns_¡ dps© A¡h„ riiy Apfp¡Áe Arcep_ "ddsp Arcep_' _p b°p„X$ A¡çb¡k¡X$f `v$¡ r_e|L$s L$ep® R>¡. Ap rkhpe ApdufMp_¡ 16 S|>__p fp¡S> S>¡.ù. lp¡qõ`V$g_p drlgp k¡hp L$¡ÞÖ_p A¡L$ AgN L$¡ÞÖ_y„ Dv$¹OpV$_ L$ey® lsy.

B.k.f013dp„Apfp¡Áe rhcpN¡ fpS>edp„ dps© A_¡ riiy d©Ðey v$f _uQ¡ gphhp A_¡ dps© A _ ¡ r i i y _ p Apfp¡Áedp„ bl¡sf âL$pf_p¡ ky^pfp¡ gphhp "ddsp Arcep_' _ p ¡ âpf„c L$ep¡® lsp¡.

"ddsp A

rce

p_' cpfsdp„ Ad¡qfL$p_p A„sqfd

fpS>v|$s sfuL$¡ L$¥\gu_ õV$ua„k

rhcpÆs Ap„^°âv$ ¡i_p â\d rh^p_kcp AÂen`v$¡ L$p¡X$ ¡gp rihâkpv$ fph

Ap„^°âv$¡idp„\u s¡g„NZp rhcpÆs \ep bpv$_p Ap„^°âv$¡i fpS>e_u rh^p_kcp_p AÂen `v$¡ s¡gyNy v$¡id `pV$}_p _¡sp A_¡ N„Vy$f rS>ëgp_u rh^p_kcp b¡W$L$ `f\u R>Ì$uhpf Q|„V$pe¡gp s\p A¡_.V$u.fpdpfph krls ANpD Q„Öpbpby _peXy$_u kfL$pfdp„ N©l, tkQpB, „Qpes, N°pduZ rhL$pk, Apfp¡Áe S>¡hp d„Ópgep¡dp„ d„Óu v$¡ flu QyL$¡gp L$p¡X$¡gp rihâkpv$ fph_u r_dZ|„L$_u Op¡jZp19 S|>__p fp¡S> âp¡V$¡d õùL$f u._pfpeZ õhpdu _peXy Üpfp \B lsu.

dpB¾$p¡d¡L$k_p AÂen `v$¡ k„S>e L$`|f

_¡i_g qX$TpõV$f d¡_¡S>d¡ÞV$ Ap¸\p¡qfV$u_p D`pÂen A¡d.iri^f f¡Í$u_y„ fpÆ_pdy

_¡i_g qX$TpõV$f d¡_¡S>d¡ÞV$ Ap¸\p¡qfV$u_p D`pÂen A¡d.iqi^f f¡Í$uA¡ 17 S|>__p fp¡S> hX$pâ^p_ A_¡ _¡i_g qX$TpõV$f d¡_¡S>d¡ÞV$ Ap¸\p¡qfV$u_p AÂen _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_¡ `p¡sp_y„ fpÆ_pdy kyâs L$ey® lsy. s¡Ap¡ B.k.f00`dp„ A¡_.X$u.A¡d.A¡. dp„ kv$õe sfuL$¡ A_¡ qX$k¡çbf f010dp„ hpBk Q¡fd¡_ sfuL$¡ r_e|Ls \ep lsp. s¡d_u kp\¡ AÞe p„Q kv$õe L$¡.A¡d.tkl, L$¡.A¡_.îu hpõsh, S>¡.L$¡.b„kg, hu.cË$pQpe®, L$¡.kgud AguA¡ `Z fpÆ_pdp Apàep lsp. s¡Ap¡ ey.ù.A¡. kfL$pf kde¡ r_dZ|„L$ `pçep lsp. S>epf¡ S>¡.L$¡. tklp, dyTaf Al¡dv$, lj® L$¡. NyápA¡ fpÆ_pdp Apàep _\u.

NyS>fpsdp„ Aph¡gp rh_piL$ c|L„$` bpv$ cpfs kfL$pf¡ Ap`rÑ `°b„^__¡ A¡L$ fpô²$ue âp\rdL$sp ê$`¡ dlÐh Ap`hp A¡L$ DÃQ õsfue A_¡ A¡L$ fpô²$ue krdrs_u fQ_p L$fu lsu. A¡ rkhpe Ap`rÑ âb„^_ f A¡L$ rhõs©s AÂepe ep¡S>_p v$õsph¡S>_p ê$`¡ â\dhpf v$kdu `„Qhj}e ep¡S>_pdp„ D`gå^ lsu.

cpfs kfL$pf¡ f3 qX$k¡çbf f00`_p fp¡S> Ap`rÑ âb„^_ Ar^r_ed A„sN®s _¡i_g qX$TpõV$f d¡_¡S>d¡ÞV$ Ap¸\p¡qfV$u_p r_dp®Z_u `qfL$ë`_p kpL$pf L$fu lsu. Ap Ap¸\p¡qfV$u_p AÂen hX$pâ^p_ lp¡e R>¡. s¡dS> ApW$ S>¡V$gp kv$õe lp¡e R>¡. S>¡ ¥L$u D`pÂen_¡ L$¡rb_¡V$ d„Óu S>¡hp¡ v$fˆ$p¡ âpá \pe R>¡. S>epf¡ bpL$u_p kv$õep¡_¡ fpS>ed„Óu S>¡hp¡ v$fS>Å¡ dm¡gp¡ lp¡e R>¡.

fpS>ep¡dp„ fpS>e Ap`rÑ r_hpfZ Ap¸\p¡qfV$u_p AÂen dy¿ed„Óu lp¡e R>¡.

A¡_.X$u.A¡d.A¡. rhjeL$ :

`[òdu _p¥k¥r_L$ L$dp„X$_p "L$dp„X$f B_ Qua' hpBk A¡X$rdfg Ar_g Qp¡`X$p

s¡g„NZp fpô²$ krdrs_p îu L$p¢X$p d^ykyv$_ Qpfu 10 S|>__p fp¡S> s¡g„NZp rh^p_kcp_p â\d õùL$f r_e|L$s \ep R>¡. s¡Ap¡ hpf„Ng rS>ëgp_p cy`g`ëgu b¡W$L$ f\u rh^p_kcpdp„ Qy„V$pep R>¡.

s¡g„NZp rh^p_kcp_p â\d õùL$f îuL$p¢X$p d^ykyv$_ Qpfu

îu L$p¢X$p d^ykyv$_ Qpfuîu L$p¢X$p d^yk|v$_ Qpfu_p¡ S>Þd hpf„Ng_p `fL$g d„X$g_p _pfkpL$p`ëgu Npd Mps¡ \ep¡ lsp¡. s¡dZ¡

L$L$pqV$ep e|r_hrk®V$udp„\u A„N°¡Æ kprlÐedp„ õ_psL$p¡Ñf_p¡ Aæepk L$ep£ R>¡.B.k.1994dp„ s¡gyNy v$¡id `pV$}_u qV$qL$V$ `f k„eyL$s Ap„^°âv$¡i_p íepdp`¡V$ rh^p_kcp b¡W$L$ `f\u

â\dhpf rh^p_kcp kæe sfuL$¡ Q|„V$pep lsp. s¡Ap¡ s¡g„NZp fpô²$ krdrs_p k„õ\p`L$ kv$õep¡ ¥L$u_p A¡L$ R>¡. Ap¸L$V$p¡bf f001dp„ s¡Ap¡ n_p dlpkrQh bÞep lsp. pV$}_p âhL$sp sfuL$¡ Z s¡dZ¡ L$pe® L$e®y R>¡.

ApB.ù.A¡g. kË$pbpÆ_u QQp®õ`v$ bpbsdp„ khp¡®ÃQ Av$pgs Üpfp bu.ku.ku.ApB._p AÂen `v$¡\u kõ`¡ÞX$ L$fpe¡gp A¡_.îur_hpk__u f6 S|>_¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue q¾$L$¡V$ qfjv$_p Q¡fd¡_ sfuL$¡ q_dZ|„L$ L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

kpdqfL$ v$m_p L$dp„X$f B_ Qua sfuL$¡ g¡aV$_„V$ S>_fg Ards idp®

4 ÅÞeyApfu f003_p fp¡S> AV$g rblpfu bpS>`pB_u kfL$pf Üpfp fQpe¡gp kpdqfL$ v$m_y„ L$pe® v$¡i_p kpdqfL$ A_¡ fZ_ursL$ _pqcqL$e lr\epf c„X$pf_p âb„^_/âipk__y„ R>¡.

g¡aV$_„V$ S>_fg Ards idp® 13 S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> kpdqfL$ v$m_p L$dp„X$f B_ Qua sfuL$¡ q_dZ|„L$ pçep R>¡. s¡dZ¡ hpBk A¡X$rdfg A¡k.ù.A¡k. Qudp_y„ õ\p_ qg^y R>¡.

A¡_.îu q_hpk_ Ap„sffpô²$ue q¾$L$¡V$ `qfjv$_p Q¡fd¡_ `v$¡ r_e|L$s

L$¡qÞÖe fpS>õh krQh `v$¡ iqL$sL$p„s v$pkB.k.1980_u b¢Q_p srdg_pX$y L$¡X$f_p

ApB.A¡.A¡k. Ar^L$pfu iqL$sL$p„s v$pk_u r_dZ|„L$ \B R>¡. 16 S|>_¡ L$¡qÞÖe fpS>eõh krQh v$¡ \B R>¡. s¡dZ¡ fpÆh V$L$ê$ (ApB.A¡.A¡k.1979 NyS>fps L$¡X$f)_y„ õ\p_ qg^y R>¡.

6


c|V$p_hX$pâ^p_ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_u â\d rhv$¡i epÓp_p¡ v$¡i

c|V$p_ rldpgedp„ Aph¡gy A¡L$ `lpX$u fpô²$ R>¡. S>¡_u DÑf¡ Qu_ A_¡ v$rnZ¡ cpfs v$¡i Aph¡gp¡ R>¡. Alu r_f„Ly$i fpS>s„Ó âhs£ R>¡. cpfs A_¡ c|V$p__p Ap`ku k„b„^p¡ kp¥lpv®$`|Z® A_¡ d¥Óu`|Z® füp R>¡. b„_¡ v$¡ip¡dp„ fõ`f DÃQ õsfue fpS>_ursL epÓpAp¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ d¥Óu`|Z® cph_p_¡ bm âv$p_ \ey R>¡. A¡râg 2010dp„ sÐL$pgu_ hX$pâ^p_ X$p¸. d_dp¡l_tkO¡ 16dp„ kpL®$ k„d¡g_dp„

cpN g¡hp dpV$¡ c|V$p_ epÓpA¡ Nep lsp. sfs S> buÅ dpk¡ cpfsue gp¡L$kcp AÝen A_¡ k„kv$ue âqsr_r^ d„X$mrA_¡ rh`n_p _¡sp kp\¡ c|V$p__u epÓp L$fu lsu. A¡ `l¡gp hj® 2009dp„ c|V$p_ _f¡i A_¡ hX$pâ^p_ cpfs_u dygpL$ps¡ Aphu QyL$ep lsp. cpfs v$¡i\u rhð dprlsNpf b_¡ A_¡ Sy>v$p Sy>v$p fpô²$p¡ kp\¡ rdÓsp_p k„b„^p¡ õ\pr`s \pe s¡ dpV$¡ cpfs v$¡i¡ â\d NZs„Ó qv$hk\u S> rhv$¡i_p ipkL$ Arsr\Ap¡_¡ Apd„qÓs L$fhp_u f„`fp iê$ L$fu lsu. hj® 2013dp„ 64dp„ NZs„Ó qv$hk_u DS>hZu âk„N¡ cpfs¡ c|V$p_ _f¡i rS>Ád¡ M¡kf _pdÁepg hp„NQyL$ A_¡ s¡d_p 21 hj}e `rÐ_ `¡dp S>¡õV$f_¡ (S>¡Ap¡A¡ `.b„Npm A_¡ rldpQg âv$¡i Mps¡ rinZ `°pá L$e®y R>¡.)$ Apd„qÓs L$fu_¡ fpóV²$`rs ch_dp„ k¡fdp¡r_eg qfk¡ài_ A_¡ bpv$dp„ fpS>OpV$ f |. bp`y_u kdpû_u dygpL$ps A_¡ NpX®$ Ap¸a Ap¸_f" ' d¡mhhp kp\¡ A¡L$ kápl kyû cpfs_u dl¡dp_Nrs dpZu lsu.

hX$pâ^p_ v$¡ Apê$$Y \ep bpv$ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ â\dhpf Å¡ L$p¡B v$¡i_u dygpL$ps guû lp¡e sp¡ s¡ c|V$p_ R>¡. s¡d_u kp\¡ âhpkdp„ qhv$¡id„Óu kyjdp õhfpS>, fpô²$ue kyfnp kgplL$pf AÆs X$p¡cpg A_¡ rhv$¡i krQh kyÅsptkl krls AÞe Aq^L$pfuNZ Å¡X$pep lsp. _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ 16 S|>_¡ Áepgep¢N Ðkp¡NM„N Mps¡ k„kv$_u k„eyL$s b¡W$L$_¡ k„bp¡r^s L$fu lsu A_¡ `pR>gu cpfs kfL$pf¡ L$f¡gu v$f¡L$ kdS|>rsAp¡ `|Z® L$fhp k„L$ë` ìeL$s L$ep£ lsp¡. s¡dS> b„_¡ v$¡ip¡_p Ap`ku k„b„^p¡ dS>b|s A_¡ kpfu fus¡ Åmhu fpMhp_u ârsbÝ^sp ìeL$s L$fu_¡ S>Zpìey lsy L$¡, cpfs âNrs L$fi¡ sp¡ s¡_u kpfu Akf c|V$p_ f Z X$i¡.

dy¿e bpbsp¡ :-b„_¡ v$¡ip¡ rhê$Ý^ Aps„L$ a¡gph_pf_¡ p¡sp_u c|rd_p¡ Dèp¡N L$fhp _lu v$¡hp bpbs¡ kldrs kp^hpdp„ Aphu. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, cpfs-c|V$p_ kudp 605 qL$gp¡duV$f A_¡ Qu_-c|V$p_ kudp 470 qL$gp¡ duV$f S>¡V$gu R>¡. cpfsdp„ Äepf¡ Dëap DN°hpv$ âQ„X$ lsp¡, Ðepf¡ s¡_u rhê$Ý^_u L$pe®hplu_¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡Ap¡ c|V$p_ sfa cpNsp c|V$p_ Üpfp `pX$p¡iu d® r_cphu_¡ DN°hpv$uAp¡_¡ cpfs_¡ lhpg¡ L$ep® lsp.cpfs_p rldpge n¡Ó kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gp v$f¡L$ |hp£Ñf fpÄep¡ A_¡ c|V$p_ hÃQ¡ hpqj®L$ M¡g ârsep¡rNsp Apep¡rS>s L$fu_¡ k„b„^p¡ Np$Y b_phhp dpV$¡ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u Üpfp kyQ_ \ey.-c|V$p_dp„ DÃQÑd Þepepge ch__y„ Dv$¹OpV$_ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ L$ey®. s¡_p r_dp®Zdp„ cpfs kfL$pf sfa\u 793.54 rdrge_ ê$rèp_u klpesp L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gu R>¡.-600 d¡Nphp¡V$_u Mp¡gp¢NQy S>m rhÛys `qfep¡S>_p_u Ap^pfrigp fpMhpdp„ Aphu. `|h} c|V$p__p Ó¡riep„NÐk¡ Mps¡_u Ap qfep¡S>_p cpfs A_¡ c|V$p__p kph®S>r_L$ n¡Ó_p D`¾$d

_f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ guû c|V$p__u dygpL$ps :A¡k.S>¡.hu.A¡_. A¡k. A_¡ X²$L$ N°u_ phf L$p¡`p£f¡i_ hÃQ¡_y„ A¡L$ k„eyL$s DÛed R>¡. S>¡_y„ r_dp®Z hj® 2014_p DÑfp^®dp„ iê$ \i¡.-c|V$p_dp„ rinZ, dpqlsu A_¡ V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ n¡Ó¡ rhi¡j ê$`¡ r_dp®Z âÐe¡ cpfs¡ °rsbÝ^sp ìeL$s L$fhp kp\¡ rldpge n¡Ó_p Æh_ A_¡ S>mhpey qfhs®__p AÝee_ dpV$¡ A¡L$ rldpge AÝee_ n¡Ó õ\pr`s L$fhp_p¡ S>¡ r_Z®e L$f¡gp¡ R>¡, s¡_p¡ gpc c|V$p__¡ Z dmi¡.

-c|V$p__u 11du `„Q hj}e ep¡S>_p dpV$¡ hj® 2013\u gB_¡ hj® 2018 kyûdp„ cpfs sfa\u Ly$g 4,500 L$fp¡X$_y„ ¡L$¡S> iê$ fl¡i¡.

-cpfs, c|V$p__¡ `p„Q MpÛ hõsyAp¡_u r_L$pk `f L$p¡B`Z âL$pf_p¡ ârsb„^ L$¡ kudp _lu gNph¡. Ap hõsy R>¡-v|$^ phX$f, OJ, MpÛ s¡g, v$pm A_¡ Qp¡Mp.-c|V$p__u iplu kfL$pf A_¡ gp¡L$p¡ sfa\u ëep¢R>¡_ Ði¡qf„N sp¡bN¡A¡ B.k. 1961\u â\d `„Qhj}e ep¡S>_p_p kde\u Dv$pf rhL$pk klpesp bv$g cpfs_u kfL$pf A_¡ gp¡L$p¡_u âi„kp L$fu lsu. s¡dS> 11du `„Qhj}e ep¡S>_p_p kam L$pep®Þhl_ dpV$¡ cpfs¡ `Z ârsbÝ^sp ìeL$s L$fu lsu.-c|V$p_dp„ rinZ_p rhõspf A_¡ ndsp rhL$pk_¡ Ýep_¡ gB_¡ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ cpfsdp„ rinZ N°lZ L$fu fl¡gp c|V$p_u rhÛp\}Ap¡ dpV$¡ _l¡ê$-hp„NQyL$ rióeh©rÑ_u fL$d X$bg A\p®s¹ âqs hj® 20 rdrge_ ê$rèp L$fhp_u s\p c|V$p__p v$f¡L$ 20 rÄëgpdp„ B-gpBb°¡fu õ\pr`s L$fhp Apr\®L$ klep¡N Ap`hp_u Op¡jZp L$fu lsu.

-cpfs¡ B.k. 1984dp„ c|V$p_dp„ k„eyL$s S>m DÅ® qfep¡S>_p_u iê$Aps L$fu lsu. S>¡ hs®dp_dp„ ApNpdu 6 hj® bpv$ 10,000 d¡Nphp¡V$ rhS>mu DÐ`pv$_ ndsp kyû lp¢QpX$hp gÿe r_^p®qfs \ey R>¡. c|V$p_dp„ _hu S>mrhÛys ep¡S>_pAp¡ `f L$pe® Qpgu füy R>¡. S>¡ kp¥lpv®$`|Z® hpsphfZdp„ âNrs_p „\¡ R>¡.

ANf L$p¡B v$¡i_p ipkL$ A¡hy S>Zph¡ L$¡, "Adpfp dpV$¡ S>¡V$gu dlÐh`|Z® bpbs gp¡L$p¡_u Myilpgu R>¡, s¡V$gu dlÐh`|Z® v$¡i_u Æ.X$u.ù. _\u' Aphu bpbs kp„cmhu A¡ \p¡Xy$ ATub gpN¡ A_¡ s¡ Z Ðepf¡ L$¡, S>epf¡ Ap hps A¡L$ r_f„Ly$i ipkL$ L$l¡sp lp¡e. A¡\u Z ATub bpbs A¡ gpN¡ R>¡ L$¡, v$¡i_u S>_sp A¡hy dp_su lp¡e L$¡, v$¡idp„ gp¡L$s„Ó_u õ\p`_p\u fpS>_ursL$ A[õ\fsp a¡gpB iL$¡ R>¡, A_¡ kÑp\u vy$f fl¡gp gp¡L$p¡_¡ kÑp_p¡ õhpv$ QpMhp dmi¡ sp¡ s¡Ap¡ kÑp_u kpW$dpfudp„ fs \B S>i¡. Aphp rhQpfp¡ ^fphsu âÅ A_¡ r_f„Ly$i `Z gp¡L$râe ipkL$ fphsp¡ v$¡i R>¡, Ap`Zp¡ hapv$pf pX$p¡iu c|V$p_.

-k„õL©$s A\® : c|+DÐ\p_ = JQu c|rd-AÞe dpÞesp : cp¡N+A„s = rsåbs_p¡ A„s-õ\pr_e _pd : ÖyL$ A\p®s¹ = ATv$lp_p¡ v$¡i

c|V$p_ _pd_p¡ A\®:

Brslpk kÑfdu kv$u_p A„s¡ c|V$p_¡ bp¥^ d® (dlpep_ ipMp) A`_pìep¡. B.k.1865dp„ c|V$p_ A_¡ rb°V$_ hÃQ¡ "rk_Qyg k„r^' `f lõspnf \ep, S>¡dp _L$¼u L$fhpdp„ Apìey L$¡, c|V$p__¡ kudphs} c|cpN_p bv$gpdp„ hpqj®L$ A_yv$p_ Ap`hpdp„ Aphi¡. bpv$dp„ B.k. 1907dp„ rb°V$__p âcph_u Akf sm¡ fpÅiplu_u õ\p`_p \B lsu. ÓZ hj® bpv$ buÆ A¡L$ kdS|>rs \B L$¡, rb°V$_, c|V$p__p Ap„sqfL$ dpdg¡ v$MgNufu _lu L$f¡ f„sy c|V$p__u rhv$¡i _urs rb°V$_ _½$u L$fi¡. bpv$dp„ B.k. 1947 bpv$ Ap c|rd rhõspf cpfs_¡ dýep¡. S>¡_p b¡ hj® bpv$ B.k. 1949dp„ cpfs-c|V$p_ kdS|>rs A_ykpf cpfs¡ c|V$p__p¡ Ap rhõspf s¡_¡ `fs L$fu qv$^p¡. S>¡ A„N°¡Å¡_¡ Apr^_ lsp¡. Ap kdS|>rs A_ykpf cpfs_¡ c|V$p__u rhv$¡i _urs A_¡ fnp_ursdp„ M|b S> dlÐh`|Z® c|rdL$p dmu NB. cp¡Np¡rgL$ D`N°l Üpfp g¡hpe¡gu sõhufp¡dp„ c|V$p_dp„ DÑf¡ Aph¡gp rldpge_p riMfp¡ A_¡ v$rnZ¡ b°û`yÓp_y„ d¡v$p_ _Tf Aph¡ R>¡. c|V$p_ Qpf¡ sfa c|rd\u O¡fpe¡gy `h®sue fpô²$ R>¡. DÑf¡ `h®sp¡_u V$p¡Q L$ep„L$ L$ep„L$ sp¡ 7000 duV$f L$fsp `Z h^y JQpB ^fph¡ R>¡. kp¥\u JQy riMf Ly$gp L$p„Nfu 7553 duV$f S>¡V$gy R>¡. s¡dS> Np„NMf yA¡_ kyd_u JQpB 6896 duV$f S>¡V$gu R>¡. S>¡_p f lÆ kyû dp_hu_p L$v$d lp¢Ãep _\u. c|V$p__p¡ v$rnZu rlõkp¡ Ap¡R>u JQpB fph¡ R>¡. Alu L$¡V$guL$ D`ÅD OpV$uAp¡ Aph¡gu R>¡ S>¡, b°û`yÓp_u OpV$uAp¡ kp\¡ dmsu R>¡. v$¡i_p¡ Apif¡ 70 % cpN gugpR>çd h_\u ApÃR>pqv$s R>¡. v$¡i_u dp¡V$pcpN_u hksu dÝehs} rhõspfp¡dp„ s\p NpdX$pAp¡dp„ hkhpV$ ^fph¡ R>¡. Å¡ L$¡, il¡fuL$fZ_u Akf lh¡ S>ZpB flu R>¡. kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ il¡f A_¡ fpS>^p_u t\ç`|_u hksu 0,000 S>¡V$gu R>¡. S>¡ qòdu cpNdp„ Aph¡gy R>¡.

A\®ìehõ\p : rhð_u kp¥\u _p_u A\® ìehõ\pAp¡ ¥L$u_y„ A¡L$ d_psy c|V$p__y„ Apr\®L$ dpmMy L©$rj, h_ A_¡ S>m DÅ®_p¡ cpfs_¡ rh¾$e f r_c®f R>¡. Ap ÓZ¡ hõsyAp¡ \B_¡ c|V$p__u kfL$pfu AphL$_p 75 % S>¡V$gp¡ rlõkp¡ `yfp¡ `pX$¡ R>¡. s¡dS> _p_p Ly$qV$f DÛp¡Np¡ s\p rhL$pk `qfep¡S>_pAp¡ s\p dp¡V$p cpN_p¡ Apr\®L$ klep¡N cpfs f Ap^pqfs R>¡. c|V$p_ S>mDÅ® A_¡ e®V$_ n¡Ó¡ M|b S> DS>my crhóe fph¡ R>¡.

k¡_p : c|V$p__u k¡_p fp¸eg c|V$p_ Apd}, fp¸eg bp¡X$uNpX®$k A_¡ fp¸eg c|V$p_ p¡rgk_y„ k„eyL$s _pd R>¡. c|V$p_ v$f¡L$ qv$ipA¡ c|rd kudp\u Å¡X$pe¡gy R>¡. Alu L$p¡B`Z S>mkudp_y„ A[õsÐh _\u. S>¡\u Alu _p¥ k¡_p _u S>ê$fueps _\u s¡dS> hpeyk¡_p_u kyrh^p D`gå^ _\u.

c|V$p__p gp¡L$p¡ : c|V$p__u AX$^p\u Z h^y hksu d|m r_hpku R>¡, S>¡_¡ "Npgp¡`p' sfuL$¡ Ap¡mMhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. S>¡_p¡ r_L$V$_p¡ k„b„^ rsåbs_u AdyL$ âÅusAp¡ kp\¡ R>¡. Ap rkhpe _¡`pmu, ipfQpp¡`, ëlp¡sip„`p âÅqsAp¡ hkhpV$ fph¡ R>¡.

^d® k„õL©$rs : c|V$p_dp„ Ar^L$pqfL$ d® bp¥Ý^^d®_u dlpep_ ipMp R>¡. S>¡_¡ v$¡i_u ÓZ Qsy\p¯i S>_sp pm¡ R>¡. Äepf¡ 25 % S>¡V$gu hksu tlvy$ ^d® `pm¡ R>¡ S>¡ _¡`pmu gp¡L$p¡ R>¡, S>¡_¡ "ëlp¡Ðkpçep' sfuL$¡ `Z Ap¡mMhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. c|V$p_ vy$r_ep_p¡ A¡hp¡ v$¡i R>¡ S>¡, `p¡sp_¡ bpL$u_p k„kpf\u Argàs fpMu_¡ Æhu füp¡ lp¡e. ApS>¡ `Z Alu AdyL$ lv$¡ rhv$¡iuAp¡_p¡ âh¡i r_e„qÓs R>¡. v$¡i_u dp¡V$pcpN_u hksu _p_p Npdp¡dp„ fl¡ R>¡. bp¥Ý^ rhQpf Alu_p Æh__p¡ dy¿e rlõkp¡ R>¡. c|V$p_ kfL$pf _ursAp¡_y„ r_^p®fZ A¡ bpbs_¡ _Tf kdn fpMu_¡ L$f¡ R>¡ L$¡, pf„`qfL$ d|ëep¡ A_¡ k„õL©$rs_y„ fnZ \B iL$¡. Å¡ L$¡, hs®dp_ kde¡ _¡`pmu d|m_p Aë`k„¿eL$ kdyv$pedp„ \p¡X$p¡ Ak„sp¡j R>¡. S>¡ p¡sp_u k„õL©$rs f c|V$p_u k„õL©$rs gpv$hp_u rhê$Ý^ R>¡. S>¡_p¡ rhfp¡^ L$fsp L$¡V$gpL$ _¡`pmuAp¡ cpfs s\p _¡`pmdp„ ifZp\} b_¡gp R>¡.

fpS>_urs : c|V$p__p fpS> âdyM fpÅ A\p®s¹ ÖyL$ Áepg`p¡ lp¡e R>¡, S>¡ hs®dp_dp„ rS>Ád¡ M¡kf _pdÁepg hp„NQyL$ R>¡. Ap v$ h„i`f„`fpNs R>¡. f„sy c|V$p__u k„kv$ "ip¡NX|$' dp„ b¡ s©suep„i blydsu Üpfp lV$phu iL$pe R>¡. "ip¡NX|$' dp„ 154 S>¡V$gu b¡W$L$p¡ R>¡. S>¡dp õ\pr_e ê$`¡ Qy„V$pe¡gp ârsr_r^ 105, prd®L$ ârsr_r^ 12, A_¡ fpÅ Üpfp _pdp„L$_ pd¡gp 37 kv$õep¡ lp¡e R>¡. d„Óu qfjv$_p kv$õep¡_u Qy„V$Zu fpÅ L$f¡ R>¡. S>¡_p¡ L$pe®L$pm p„Q hj®_p¡ lp¡e R>¡.

7


c|V$p__p hX$pâ^p_ sp¡bN¡A¡ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_¡ "rdÓhs, M|b S> op_u s\p c|V$p__p rls tQsL$' S>Zphhp kp\¡ Ap epÓp_y„ dlÐh A_¡L$NÏ hû Åe R>¡. L$pfZ L$¡, c|V$p_ epÓp_¡ L$pfZ¡ b„_¡ v$¡ip¡_p k„b„^p¡ h^y dS>b|s bÞep R>¡. s¡dS> _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ p¡sp_p hX$pâ^p_ b_hp bpv$ â\d rhv$¡i âhpk sfuL$¡ c|V$p__u L$f¡gu k„v$Nu rhv$¡i _urs_p dp¡fQ¡ Z A¡L$ kpfu iê$Aps R>¡. b„_¡ `pX$p¡iu v$¡ip¡ hÃQ¡ Ap`ku k„b„^p¡dp„ L$p¡B`Z âL$pf_p¡ MV$fpN _\u. Äepf¡ cpfs_p AÞe `pX$p¡iu fpô²$p¡ `pqL$õsp_, bp„Ágpv$¡i, _¡`pm, îu g„L$p kp\¡ L„$BL$ _¡ L„$BL$ âñp¡ fl¡gp R>¡. c|V$p_ cpfs_p DÅ® k„L$V$_¡ lmhy L$fhp dv$v$ê$` b_u iL$¡ s¡d R>¡. kpdp`n¡ c|V$p__p Apr\®L$ rls cpfs kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gp R>¡. fõ`f_p qv$O®L$prg_ gpc_u hps gp„bp kde kyû `fõ`f_u r_c®fsp_¡ L$pfZ¡ A¡L$buÅ_¡ Å¡X$pe¡gp fpMi¡. s¡dS> Dëg¡M_ue bpbs A¡ R>¡ L$¡, cpfs_u S>¡d c|V$p_ Z Qu_u k¥r_L$p¡_u OykZMp¡fu\u uqX$s R>¡. S>¡ b„_¡ v$¡ip¡_¡ h^y _ÆL$ gph¡ s¡hu bpbs R>¡.

_f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_u epÓp_y„ dlÐh :

�� fpS>^p_u : t\`|� ipk_ âZpgu : k„h¡^pr_L$ fpS>s„Ó� fpô²$Np_ : ÖyL$ k¡Þv$¡_� cpjp : Å¡NMp, _¡`pmu� dyÖp : r_Nyg®V²$d� n¡Óam : 47,000 hN® qL$.du. (131dy„ õ\p_)� fpô²$ue qv$hk : 17 qX$k¡çbf� õhs„Ósp âpáu : 8 Ap¡Nô$ 1949� âÅrs : c|V$p_u, pf„`qfL$ _¡`pmu� fpô²$ue M¡g : rsf„v$pÆ� hksu : 741,822 (2012)� Æ.X$u.ù. : 1.78 rbrge_ X$p¸gf (2012)� k„kv$_y„ _pd : ip¡NX|$� L©$rj ep¡Áe c|rd : 3 %� DÛp¡N : rkd¡ÞV$, gpL$X$p, am, ApëL$p¡lp¡g, L$¡[ëied L$pbp®BX$� Apeps : H^Z, A_pS>, diu_fu, hpl_� r_L$pk : rS>àkd, rkd¡ÞV$, lp\hZpV$, gpL$X$p

c|V$p_ v$¡i rhjeL$ :

c|V$p_ Mps¡ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_p âhQ__u 10 dy¿e Mpk bpbsp¡ : 1. cpfs ap¸f c|V$p_, c|V$p_ ap¸f cpfs 2. rldpge Ap`Z_¡ Å¡X$¡ R>¡. 3. rldpgeu n¡Óp¡_p cpfs_p |hp£Ñf fpÄep¡ A_¡ c|V$p_ hÃQ¡ M¡g õ`^p®_y„ Apep¡S>_ L$fhy. 4. Aps„L$hpv$ vyr_ep_p cpNgp pX$¡ R>¡, Äepf¡ e®V$_ vy$r_ep_¡ Å¡X$¡ R>¡. . rldpgeu n¡Ó_p AÝee_ dpV$¡ L$¡qÞÖe e|r_hrk®V$u 6. cpfs_p dS>b|s \hp kp\¡ k„`|Z® c|M„X$_¡ apev$p¡ \i¡. 7. pX$p¡iu^d® r_cphhp¡ A¡ cpfs_y„ L$s®ìe R>¡. 8. A„rsd R>¡X$¡ b¡W$¡gu ìeqL$s_u Myilpgu S> Akgu rhL$pk R>¡. 9. S>m rhÛys qfep¡S>_pAp¡\u b„_¡ v$¡ip¡_¡ apev$p¡.10. c|V$p_dp„ gp¡L$s„Ó_u õ\p`_p kfpl_ue L$v$d R>¡.

v$rnZ A¡qiepdp„ Qu__p âcph_¡ _p\hp dpV$¡ cpfs¡ `p¡sp_p `pX$p¡iu v$¡ip¡ kp\¡ kpfp k„b„^p¡ fpMhp S>ê$fu R>¡ A_¡ c|V$p_ A¡ qv$ipdp„ M|b S> dlÐh`|Z® R>¡. c|V$p__u kudp Qu_ kp\¡ `Z Å¡X$pe¡gu R>¡. Qu_ kp\¡_p hpf„hpf_p kudp rhhpv$p¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ c|V$p_ cpfs dpV$¡ Ars dlÐh_y„ fpô²$ b_u Åe R>¡. cpfs rhS>mu k„L$V$ kpd¡ Z TTydu füy R>¡. s¡_p D`pe õhê$`¡ c|V$p_ M|b S> Dèp¡Nu fpô²$ R>¡. cpfs¡ c|V$p_dp„ ÓZ lpBX²$`phf àgp„V$ b_phhpdp„ dv$v$ L$fu R>¡ A_¡ ÓZ lÆ r_dp®Zr^_ R>¡. hs®dp_ hj®¡ b„_¡ v$¡i hÃQ¡ 2120 d¡Nphp¡V$_p Qpf phf âp¡S>¡L$V$ dpV$¡ kdS|>rs \B R>¡. cpfs A_¡ c|V$p_ hÃQ¡ qÜ`nue h¡`pf hj® 2012dp„ 6830 L$fp¡X$ S>¡V$gp¡ lsp¡ A_¡ lÆ crhóedp„ rinZ, duqX$ep A_¡ è®V$_ n¡Ó¡ kpfp crhóe_u k„cph_p fl¡gu R>¡.

cpfs dpV$¡ c|V$p__y„ dlÐh:

L$ç`¡V$uV$uh BrÞX$ep

BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$ ap¸f BL$p¡_p¸rdL$k A¡ÞX$ ùk Üpfp 18 S|>_¡ g„X$_ Mps¡ Ágp¡bg ùk HX$¡L$k f014 Åfu L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. S>¡dp„ ff S>¡V$gu bpbsp¡_p dp`v„$X$p¡_p Ap^pf¡ 16f S>¡V$gp v$¡ip¡_u ip„rs_¡ dp`hp_u bpbs v$ip®hpB R>¡. S>¡dp„ vy$r_ep_p kp¥\u ip„s v$¡i sfuL$¡_y„ õ\p_ ApBkg¡ÞX$¡ Åmhu fp¿ey lsy. vy$r_ep_p kp¥\u ip„s â\d 10 v$¡i ¾$di: (1) ApBkg¡ÞX$ (f) X$¡_dpL®$ (3) Ap¸qõV²$ep (4) Þe|Tug¡ÞX$ (`) qõhV$¹Tfg¡ÞX$ (6) ra_g¡ÞX$ (7) L$¡_¡X$p (8) Å`p_ (9) b¡[ëS>ed (10) _p¡h¡¡® R>¡.

- hj® f014dp„ AaOpr_õsp__¡ `pR>m fpMu_¡ kuqfep vy$r_ep_p¡ kp¥\u Aip„s v$¡i b_u Nep¡ R>¡.- ip„rs_p õsfp¡dp„ Å¡rS®>epA¡ kp¥\u kpfp¡ ky^pfp¡ v$ip®ìep¡ lsp¡. S>epf¡ v$rnZ k|v$p_¡ kp¥\u Mfpb âv$i®_ L$ey® lsy. k|Qudp„ v$.k|v$p_ _uQ¡\u ÓuÅ õ\p_¡ R>¡.

à pR>gp kps hj® v$frdep_ rhð ip„rsdp„ DZ` Aphu R>¡. S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ buÅ rhð eyÂ^ bpv$\u rhð ip„rs_u `pR>gp 60 hj®_u `f„`fp syV$u NB R>¡. vy$r_ep_p v$f¡L$ v$¡i dpV$¡ kf¡fpi h¥[ðL$ ip„rs dp`v„$X$ 1.96 \u hû_¡ f.06 S>¡V$gp¡ \B Nep¡ R>¡. S>¡ v$ip®h¡ R>¡ L$¡, vy$r_epdp„ Aip„rs hû R>¡. Ap Aip„rs h^hp_y„ L$pfZ kuqfep, v$rnZ kyv$p_, dÂe ApräL$u NZfpS>e, e|¾$¡__y„ V$¡Þi_, AaOpr_õsp_, BfpL$, ragu`pBÞk A_¡ gurbepd„p hû fl¡gp¡ Aps„L$hpv$ R>¡.

à B.k.f008 \u 111 S>¡V$gp v$¡ip¡dp„ ip„rs_y„ õsf OV$u Ney R>¡. S>epf¡ 1 v$¡i A¡hp R>¡ S>ep„ ip„rs_p õsfdp„ h^pfp¡ \ep¡ R>¡. V$p¡Q_p f0 kp¥\u h^y ip„rs`|Z® v$¡ip¡ ¥L$u 14 v$¡ip¡ kp\¡ e|fp¡`¡ kp¥\u ip„rs`|Z® n¡Ó lp¡hp_u p¡sp_u qõ\rs Åmhu fpMu„ R>¡.

à 00 rdrge_ S>¡V$gp gp¡L$p¡ v$¡ip¡dp„ Aqõ\fsp A_¡ Å¡Mdp¡ hÃQ¡ Æh_ Æhu füp R>¡. S>¡ ¥L$u_p f00 rdrge_ gp¡L$p¡ Nfubu f¡Mp\u _uQ¡ Æh_ kpf L$fu füp R>¡.

à B.k.f008\u Ágp¡bg B„X$¡L$k_p ff `¥L$u dpÓ Qpf dp`v„$X$dp„ ky^pfp¡ S>Zpep¡ R>¡. S>epf¡ bpL$u_p 18dp„ L$du _p¢^pB R>¡.

à tlkp_p¡ h¥[ðL$ A\® ìehõ\p `f âcph_y„ ApL$g_ hj® f013dp„ 9.8 qV²$qge_ Ad¡qfL$_ X$p¸gf L$¡ rhð Æ.X$u.ù._p 13.3 % S>¡V$gy lsy. hj® f012_u kfMpdZuA¡ 179 rbrge_ Ad¡qfL$u X$p¸gf h^y R>¡. ârs ìeqL$sA¡ tlkp_p¡ Apr\®L$ âcph 13`0 Ad¡qfL$u X$p¡gf S>¡V$gp¡ R>¡.

(1) e|fp¡` : e|fp¡` kdõs ip„rs õsf_u bpbsp¡dp„ afu A¡L$hpf rhð _¡sp b_u_¡ blpf Apìey R>¡. S>¡dp„ õL$¦qX$_¡rhepB v$¡ip¡A¡ Mpk kpê$ âv$i®_ L$ey® R>¡. s¡dS> `pf„`pqfL$ n¡Ó¡ kp¥\u Aip„s n¡Ó A¡hy bpëL$_ n¡Ódp„ kp¥\u h^y ky^pfp¡ _p¢^pep¡ R>¡.

(f) DÑf Ad¡qfL$p :A¡râg f013dp„ bp¡õV$_ d¡f¡\p¡_ lydgp krls_u Aps„L$u Nrsrhr^dp„ \e¡gp h^pfp_¡ L$pfZ¡ DÑfu Ad¡qfL$pdp„ ip„rs õsfdp„ \p¡X$p¡ OV$pX$p¡ _p¢^pep¡ R>¡. Ap n¡Ó rhð_y„ buÅ _„bf_y„ ip„s n¡Ó lp¡hp_y„ L$pfZ L$¡_¡X$p_y„ ep¡Nv$p_ R>¡.

(3) A¡riep âip„sAp n¡Ó vy$r_epdp„ kp¥\u ip„rs`|Z® n¡Óp¡ `¥L$u ÓuÅ õ\p_¡ R>¡. hj® f013_p dyL$pbg¡

dpdygu OV$pX$p¡ _p¢^pep¡ R>¡. S>¡_y„ L$pfZ v$rnZ Qu_ kpNf A_¡ L$p¡qfepB âpeqÜ`dp„ rhL$pk kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gp¡ rhhpv$ R>¡.

(4) v$rnZ A¡qiep :kdN° nqÓe f¥qL„$N dpdg¡ Ap n¡Ó kp¥\u _uQ¡ fl¡gy R>¡. Å¡ L$¡ s¡_p¡ õL$p¡f AÞe n¡Óp¡_u

Ágp¡bg ùk BÞX$¡L$k BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$ ap¸f BL$p¸_p¡rdL$k A¡ÞX$ ùkBqÞõV$V$¹e|V$ ap¸f BL$p¸_p¡rdL$k A¡ÞX$ ùk

kuX$_u Mps¡_y„ A¡L$ Ap„sffpô²$ue A_¡ õhs„Ó t\L$V$¢L$ R>¡, S>¡ kL$pfpÐdL$, lp„kg L$fu iL$hp ep¡Áe A_¡ dp_h L$ëepZ, âNrs_p _L$L$f D`pep¡ Üpfp rhð_y„ Âep_ ip„rs sfa L$fhp BÃR>p ^fph¡ R>¡ A_¡ rhð ip„rs_¡ dp`_pf R> ¡. Ágp¡bg ùk HX$ ¡L$k (Æ.ù.ApB.) L$¡, S>¡_u iê$Aps hj® f007dp„ \B lsu. hj® f014_u k|Qu Ap î¡Zu_u Ly$g ApW$du k|Qu R>¡. Ap H„X$¡L$k dp`hp dpV$¡ ff S>¡V$gp dp`v„$X$p¡ A`_phhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. S>¡dp„ rhrh^ n¡Óp¡ Üpfp L$fhpdp„ Aphsp k¡_p MQ®, `X$p¡iu v$¡ip¡ kp\¡_p¡ k„b„^, 16f S>¡V$gp v$¡ip¡dp„ fl¡gu S>¡gdp„ fl¡gu hksu_u V$L$phpfu kpd¡g lp¡e R>¡.

Ágp¡bg ùk B„X$¡L$k-f014

Ágp¡bg ùk HX$¡L$k_p dy¿e `p¡BÞV$

Ágp¡bg ùk HX$¡L$k f013_u n¡Óhpf rhi¡jsp :

syg_pA¡ kpfp¡ R>¡.(5) friep A_¡ e|f¡qiep :Ap n¡Ódp„ v$f¡L$ 1f v$¡ip¡ `¥L$u Qpf v$¡i_¡ L$pfZ¡ kL$pfpÐdL$ A¡hp¡ dpdygu ky^pfp¡

S>Zpep¡ R>¡. Ap n¡Ódp„ friep kp¥\u ip„rs`|Z® v$¡i R>¡ A_¡ h¥[ðL$ fus¡ s¡ kp¥\u Mfpb âv$i®_L$sp® v$¡ip¡ ¥L$u_p¡

A¡L$ R>¡. S>¡ k|Qudp„ 1`fdy„ õ\p_ fph¡ R>¡.(6) dÂe Ad¡qfL$p A_¡ L$¡f¡rbep :Ap n¡Ódp„ ip„rs A¡ `X$L$pfS>_L$ bpbs R>¡. Å¡ L$¡ Ap n¡Ó `pR>gp hj®_u

kfMpdZuA¡ dpdygu ky^pfp¡ L$fhpdp„ kam füy R>¡.(7) D` klpfp ApräL$p :Ap n¡Ó n¡qÓe õL$p¡fdp„ buÆ kp¥\u dp¡V$u NufphV$ v$ip®h¡ R>¡. kp¥\u h^y _L$pfpÐdL$

õL$p¡f bv$g_pf v$k ¥L$u Qpf v$¡i Ap n¡Ódp„ fph¡ R>¡. V$p¡Q f v$.k|v$p_ A_¡ dÂe ApräL$u NZfpS>e R>¡.

16f S>¡V$gp v$¡ip¡_u rhð ip„rs f¢qL„$Ndp„ cpfs_u f¢L$ 143du R>¡. S>¡ hj® f013dp„ 141 lsu. cpfs b¡ õ\p_ _uQ¡ Apìey R>¡.

cpfs gp„bp kde\u Ap„sffpóV²$ue sZph A_¡ ìep`L$ Ap„sqfL$ k„Oj® kpd¡ TT|du füy R>¡. cpfs_u Ap„sqfL$ kyfnpdp„ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ Msfp¡ dpAp¡hpv$u Ap„v$p¡g_ R>¡. s¡dS> `X$p¡iu v$¡i kp\¡ Qpgu fl¡gp _p_p dp¡V$p k„Ojp£ bpü kyfnp dpV$¡ Msfp¡ R>¡. cpfs h¥[ðL$ Aps„L$hpv$ k|QL$p„L$dp„ 1`9 v$¡ip¡_u k|Qudp„ Qp¡\y õ\p_ fph¡ R>¡.

hj® f013dp„ cpfsdp„ tlkp_p õsf_y„ fpô²$ue A\® ìehõ\p f 177 rdrge_ Ad¡qfL$u X$p¸gf_p¡ bp¡T `X$hp_y A_ydp_ lsy. Ap A_ydp_ cpfs_p kL$g Of¡gy DÐ`pv$__p 3.6 % L$¡ 14` Ad¡qfL$u X$p¸gf ârs ìeqL$s bfpbf S>¡V$gy R>¡. Å¡ cpfs p¡sp_u ip„rs_p kdõs õsfdp„ ky^pfp¡ gphu iL$¡ R>¡ sp¡ rhð âhpl\u dm_pf Ar^L$p„i gpc\u s¡ p¡sp_p¡ Apr\®L$ ky^pfp¡ L$fu iL$hp_u ndsp fph¡ R>¡.

_¡`pm (76), bp„Ágpv$¡i (98), îug„L$p (10`), `pqL$õsp_ (1`4), AaOpr_õsp_ (161)dp„ õ\p_¡ füp lsp. S>epf¡ hj® f01f A_¡ f013dp„ k¥Þe MQ®dp„ h^pfp¡ A_¡ Ap„sqfL$ k„Oj®dp„ Aph¡gu s¡Æ_¡ L$pfZ¡ Qu_ 108çpp„ õ\p_¡ füy lsy.

Ágp¡bg ùk HX$¡L$k qf`p¡V®$ b_ph_pf BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$ ap¸f BL$p¡_p¸rdL$k A¡ÞX$ uk Üpfp _hy Å¡Md d|ëep„L$_ dp¸X$g b_phhpdp„ Apìey R>¡.

S>¡ ApNpdu b¡ hj®dp„ A¡hp 10 v$¡ip¡_u Ap¡mM L$fi¡, S>ep„ ip„rs A_¡ tlkp_p õsfdp„ kp¥\u h^y h^pfp¡ \ep¡ lp¡e. Ap dp¡X$gp¡ 90 % S>¡V$gp kqV$L$ lp¡hp_p¡ Brslpk fph¡ R>¡. DÃQõsf_p Å¡Mdhpmp v$¡ip¡dp„ Å„buep, l¥su, ApS>£qÞV$_p, QpX$, bp¡qõ_ep A_¡ lS>£Np¡rh_p, _¡`pm, b°yÞX$u, Å¡rS®ep, gpBb¡qfep A_¡ L$sf kpd¡g R>¡.

cpfs_y„ õ\p_ :

AÞe A¡riepB v$¡ip¡_u qõ\rs :

Å¡Md d|ëep„L$_ dp¡X$g :

9


bpmL$p¡_p rinZÿp¡Ó¡ h¥[ðL$ `rfÖíe `f_u qf`p¡V®$ e|_¡õL$p¡ Üpfp f6 S|>_¡ Åfu L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. s¡dp„ S>Zpìep dyS>b vy$r_epdp„ 6 \u 11 hj®_u he fphsp 8 rdrge_ bpmL$p¡ õL|$g¡ S>sp _\u. Ap qf`p¡V®$ Ágp¡bg `pV®$_fri` ap¸f A¡S>eyL$¡i_ Üpfp äp„k_p b°yk¡ëk Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s A¡L$ k„hpv$v$psp k„d¡g_dp„ e|_¡õL$p¡_p dlp q_v$£iL$ Bfu_p bpL$p¡hpA¡ âõsys L$fu lsu.

_hu h¥[ðL$ ApDV$-Ap¸a-õL|$g_p Ap„L$X$p e|_¡õL$p¡ B[ÞõV$V$¹e|V$ ap¸f õV$¥qV$[õV$L$k (e|.ApB.A¡k.) Üpfp b_phhpdp„ Apìep R>¡. S>¡ A_ykpf dpqlsu dmu R>¡ L$¡, Å¡ Ap S> `qfqõ\rs fl¡i¡ sp¡ õL|$g S>sp bpmL$p¡ `¥L$u 43 % bpmL$p¡ L$v$u õL|$g¡ S>B iL$i¡ _lu. qf`p¡V®$ A_ykpf Apif¡ 16 rdrge_ bpmpAp¡ A_¡ 10 qdrge_ qL$ip¡f R>p¡L$fpAp¡_¡ õL|$g¡ S>hp_p¡ Ahkf L$epf¡e _lu dm¡.

Ü qf`p¡V®$dp„ A¡hp 17 v$¡ip¡ rhj¡ S>Zphhpdp„ Apìey R>¡ L$¡, S>¡dZ¡ A¡L$ v$iL$p\u h^y kdedp„ õL|$g¡ _l] S>su p¡sp_u hksu_p Apif¡ 90 % Ap¡R>u L$fu R>¡. S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ A¡L$ kL$pfpÐdL$ `qfhs®_ Aphu iL$¡ R>¡. Ap v$¡ip¡A¡ õL|$g au Ap¡R>u L$fhu. h^y âpk„rNL$ `pW$e¾$d kpd¡g L$fhp¡ A_¡ k„Oj®fs qfhpfp¡_¡ _pZp„L$ue kd\®_ Ap`hy S>¡hu bpbsp¡ A`_phu lsu.

Ü h¥[ðL$ âNrsdp„ OV$pX$p_y„ dy¿e L$pfZ D`-klpfp ApräL$p R>¡. S>¡ DÃQ S>_k„¿ep hksu v$f ^fph¡ R>¡ A_¡ hs®dp_dp„ 30 rdrge_ L$fsp h^y õL|$g¡ _lu„ S>sp bpmL$p¡_y„ Of R>¡. Ap n¡Ódp„ hj® f01fdp„ rinp âZpgudp„ kpd¡g \_pf ÓZ ¥L$u A¡L$ bpmL$ âp\rdL$ õL|$g_p A„rsd N°¡X$dp„ lp¢Qsp l¡gp õL|$g R>p¡X$u v$¡ R>¡.

Ü qf`p¡V®$_p rhïg¡jZdp„ A¡hu bpbs `Z kpd¡ Aphu R>¡ L$¡, 17 S>¡V$gp v$¡ip¡dp„ hj® f000dp„ õL|$g¡ _ S>sp bpmL$p¡_u k„¿ep rhð õsf¡ õL|$g¡ _lu S>sp bpmL$p¡_u k„¿ep_u A¡L$ Qsy\p¯i S>¡V$gu lsu, Äepf¡ õL|$g¡ _lu S>sp bpmL$p¡_u k„¿epdp„ 86 % S>¡V$gp¡ OV$pX$p¡ \sp s¡ k„¿ep f7 rdrge_\u OV$u_¡ 4 rdrge_ S>¡V$gu flu lsu.

Ü rhïg¡jZdp„ R> S>¡V$gu _ursAp¡_u Ap¡mM L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. S>¡ âp\rdL$ õL|$g¡ _ S>sp bpmL$p¡_¡ õL|$g¡ S>hpdp„ dv$v$ê$` kam kprbs \B R>¡. S>¡ AÞe v$¡i dpV$¡ dlÐh`|Z® Dv$plfZ b_u iL$¡ R>¡.

"A¡S>eyL$¡i_ ap¸f Ap¸g Ágp¡bg dp¡r_V$qf„N' - e|_¡õL$p¡_u qf`p¡V®$

qf`p¡V®$_u dy¿e bpbsp¡ :

(1) au dp„ OV$pX$p¡ :B.k.f00`dp„ b°y„X$udp„ au OV$pX$p¡ L$fhpdp„ Aphsp R> hj®dp„ âp\rdL$ ipmpdp„ âh¡i d¡mh_pf_u

k„¿ep 4 % dp„\u 94 % S>¡V$gu \B NB lsu.

(f) kpdpÆL$ _L$v$ lõsp„sfZ :B.k.1998dp„ S>ep„ õL|$g¡ _ S>sp bpmL$p¡_u k„¿ep 17 % S>¡V$gu lsu Ðep„ hj® f009dp„ s¡ k„¿ep

7 % S>¡V$gu \B NB lsu. S>¡_y L$pfZ r_L$pfpNylpdp„ hj® f000dp„ õL|$g MQ® _l] DW$phu iL$sp `qfhpfp¡_u dv$v$ dpV$¡ kpdprS>L$ _L$v$ lõsp„sfZ_u iê$Aps \B lsu.

(3) rinZ f_p MQ®dp„ h^pfp¡ :Op_pA¡ rinZ `f \sp¡ MQ® X$bg L$fu qv$^p¡, S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ B.k.1999dp„ S>ep„ f.4 rdrge_

bpmL$p¡ õL|$g¡ S>sp lsp s¡ hj® f013dp„ hû_¡ 4.1 rdrge_ S>¡V$gp \B Nep R>¡.

(4) rinZ_u NyZhÑpdp„ ky^pfp¡ :rhA¡s_pd Üpfp h„rQs rhÛp\}Ap¡ f rhi¡j Âep_ Ap`hp dpV$¡ _hp pW$e¾$d_u iê$Aps \B

A_¡ f004 \u f010 hÃQ¡ õL|$g¡ _lu S>sp bpmL$p¡_u k„¿ep `¥L$u s¡ k„¿ep AX$û L$fu _pMhpdp kamsp d¡mhu lsu.

(`) Åsue A_¡ cpjpB g^ydsuAp¡_y„ Âep_pL$j®Z :dp¡fp¡½$p¡A¡ hj® f003dp„ âp\rdL$ õL|$gp¡dp„ õ\pr_e AdptTN cpjpdp„ rinZ iê$ L$ey® lsy A_¡

hj® f001dp„ õL|$g¡ _ S>sp bpmL$p¡_u k„¿ep 9 % \u OV$u_¡ 4 % S>¡V$gu \B lsu.

(6) rhhpv$p¡_u sphV$ :_¡`pmdp„ rhhpqv$s n¡Óp¡ A_¡ AÞe õ\p_p¡_p bpmL$p¡ dpV$¡ rinZ_y„ õsf hj® f006dp„ N©l eyÂ^

Msd \ep bpv$ kdp rióeh©rÑ kpd¡g lsu.

6 _ursAp¡ :

Ad¡qfL$p qõ\s bp¡õV$_ L„$k[ëV„$N N©` (bu.ku.Æ.) Üpfp 10 S|>_¡ Þe|ep¡L®$ Mps¡ Åfu \e¡gu "h¥[ðL$ k„`rÑ âb„^_ DÛp¡N' `f_u 14du hprj®L$ qf`p¡V®$ (fpBqX„N A h¡g Ap¸a N°p¡\ :

Ágp¡bg h¡ë\ f014)dp„ cpfs_¡ L$fp¡X$`rsAp¡_p dpdg¡ rhðdp„ 1`d„„y õ\p_ âpá \ey R>¡. cpfsdp„ Ly$g 1.7` gpM L$fp¡X$`qs R>¡.

S> ¡d_u `pk¡ 10 gpM Ad¡qfL$u X$p¸gf A¡V$g¡ Apif¡ 6

L$fp¡X$ ê$rèp_u k„`rÑ R>¡. qf`p¡V®$ A_ykpf B.k. f018 kyûdp„ cpfs vy$r_ep_p¡ kpsdp _„bf_p¡ ^r_L$ v$¡i b_u S>i¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, hj® f01f_p qf`p¡V®$ dyS>b cpfs 16dp„ _„bf¡ lsy. hj® f013dp„ vy$r_epdp„ L$fp¡X$`qsAp¡_u k„¿ep 1.63 L$fp¡X$ \B lsu. Ap v$frdep_ Mp_Nu k„`rÑdp„ 14.6 % _u h©qÂ^ \B lsu.

hj® f014_u hs®dp_ qf`p¡V®$ A_ykpf kp¥\u h^y 8f gpM L$fp¡X$`rs kp\¡ Ad¡qfL$p â\d, f4 gpM L$fp¡X$`qs kp\¡ Qu_ buSy> A_¡ Å`p_ ÓuÅ õ\p_¡ füp lsp.

Ad¡qfL$p_u bu.ku.Æ. qf`p¡V®$ hprj®L$ ê$`¡ Åfu L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. S>¡_¡ vy$r_epcfdp„ i¡f bÅfp¡_u s¡Ædp„ pR>gp hj®\u iê$ fl¡gp DÑd âv$i®__¡ Ap^pf¡ b_phhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

rkNpf¡V$ h¡QpZdp„ L$p¡gL$sp V$p¡Q_p õ\p_¡

- dy„bBdp„ v$¥r_L$ 6/7, l¥v$fpbpv$dp„ `/6, Adv$phpv$dp„ 6/7, gM_Dd„p 7/8 rkNpf¡V$_p¡ Dèp¡N \pe R>¡.- A¡L$ kápldp„ AL$ ìeqL$s l¥v$fpbpv$dp„ rkNpf¡V$ `pR>m kf¡fpi 47f ê$rèp, gM_D 404, Adv$phpv$dp„ 387, L$p¡gL$pspdp„ 348 A_¡ dy„bBdp„ 3f0 ê$rèp S>¡V$gp¡ MQ® L$f¡ R>¡. rkNpf¡V$ f kf¡fpi kpàsprlL$ MQ® 383 ê$rèp S>¡V$gp¡ R>¡.- `pR>gp ÓZ hj® v$frdep_ L$p¡gL$spdp„ rkNpf¡V$_u M`sdp„ f4 %_p¡ h^pfp¡ \ep¡ R>¡. S>epf¡ gM_Ddp„ 19 % dy„bBdp„ 13 % h^pfp¡ _p¢^pep¡ R>¡.

kh£nZ rhjeL$ cpfs v$¡idp„ rkNpf¡V$_p h¡QpZdp„ L$p¡gL$Ñp il¡f_¡ kp¥\u V$p¡Q_y„ õ\p_ âpá \ey R>¡. L$p¡gL$Ñpdp„ kf¡fpi A¡L$ ìeqL$s ârsqv$_ fpô²$ue kf¡fpi 6-7 rkNpf¡V$_u syg_pA¡ âqsqv$_ 7-10 rkNpf¡V$_„y yd°`p_ L$f¡ R>¡.

Ap kh£nZdp„ Æ.A¡a.L$¡. dp¡X$_p klep¡N\u p„Q n¡Ó dy„bB, L$p¡gL$sp, Adv$phpv$, gM_D, l¥v$fpbpv$ Mps¡ f1-40 hj®_u he hN®_p ìeqL$sAp¡dp„ L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. 1f S|>_¡ ApB.ku.ApB.ku.ApB. sdpL|$ h`fpi f014_p kh£nZdp„ Ap Ap„L$X$p kpd¡ Apìep lsp.

"^ NyX$ L„$V²$u BÞX$¡L$k' Üpfp e|.A¡_.,hëX®$ b¢L$ A_¡ s¡_p S>¡hu Ly$g 3` S>¡V$gu AgN-AgN k„õ\pAp¡ `pk¡\u dm¡gp X$¡V$p_¡ Ap^pf¡ 1f` v$¡ip¡_p kh£ bpv$ f¡„qL„$N s¥epf L$fu_¡ Apefg¡ÞX$_¡ kp¥\u kpfp v$¡i sfuL$¡ Op¡rjs L$ep£ lsp¡.

Ap qgõV$dp„ cpfs 81dp„, Qu_ 107dp„ õ\p_¡ R>¡. rgõV$dp„ â\d f1 v$¡i e|fp¡ùe A_¡ A„N°¡Æ cpjp bp¡g_pf v$¡i kpd¡g R>¡. S>epf¡ ffdp¡ A_¡ bu_ e|fp¡ùe v$¡i L$p¡õV$pqV$L$p R>¡ s\p rQgu-f4 A_¡ L$¡Þep_¡ ApräL$p M„X$_y„ kp¥\u kpê$ fpô²$ dp_hpdp„ Apìey R>¡. S>¡ rgõV$dp„ f6dp„ õ\p_¡ R>¡.

S>epf¡ BfpL$, guqbep A_¡ rhA¡s_pd kp¥\u _uQ¡_p õ\p_¡ füp lsp.

kp¥\u kpfp v$¡i_p¡ v$fˆ$p¡ dp_hsp A_¡ `©Õhu âÐe¡_p ep¡Nv$p__¡ _Tf kdn fpMu_¡ âv$p_ \ep¡ lsp¡. S>¡dp„ _uQ¡ v$ip®h¡gu bpbsp¡_¡ Ap^pf¡ f¡qL„$N b_phphdp„ Aphu lsu.

(1) â¡k_u ApTpv$u(f) ifZp\}Ap¡_u k„¿ep(3) lr\epf r_L$pk (4) _p¡b¡g yfõL$pf rhS>¡spAp¡_u k„¿epV$p¡` V$¡_ v$¡i(1) Apefg¡ÞX$ (f) õhuX$_(f) ra_g¡ÞX$ (4) e|.L$¡.(`) qõhV$¹Tfg¡ÞX $(6) _p¡h£(7) _¡^fg¡ÞX$ (8) X$¡_dpL®$(9) Þe|Tug¡ÞX$ (10) b¡[ëS>ed

B.C.G. hprj®L$ qf`p¡V®$ : L$fp¡X$`rs bpbs¡ cpfs rhðdp„ 1`dp„ õ\p_¡

Apefg¡ÞX$ kp¥\u kpfp¡ v$¡i


k„eyL$s fpô²$ èp®hfZ L$pe®¾$d (e|.A¡_.B.ù.) Üpfp f4 S|>_¡ _¥fp¡bu (L$¡Þep) Mps¡ ep¡Åe¡g â\d k„eyL$s fpô²$ èp®hfZ_p k„d¡g_dp„ " ^ A¡Þhpefd¡ÞV$ ¾$pBd ¾$pBrkk' _pd_u qf`p¡V®$ Åfu L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. S>¡ e|.A¡_.B.ù. A_¡ HV$f`p¡g_u Ðhfus ârsq¾$ep_y„ ApL$g_ R>¡.

qf`p¡V®$dp„ S>Zpìep âdpZ¡ âqs hj® \sp f13 AbS>_p Ad¡qfL$u X$p¸gf_p h¥[ðL$ èp®hfZ A`fp^ A`fpûAp¡, _pNqfL$ k¡_p A_¡ Aps„L$hpv$u kd|lp¡_¡ _pZp„L$ue dv$v$ `lp¢QpX$u füp R>¡ A_¡ L$¡V$gpe¡ v$¡ip¡_u kyfnp A_¡ kss rhL$pk dpV$¡ Msfp¡ b_u Nep R>¡.

¶ Sy>v$p-Sy>v$p ÷p¡sp¡_p A¡L$ A_ydp_ A_ykpf hprj®L$ 7 AbS> X$p¸gf\u f3 AbS> X$p¸gf_p¡ L$pfp¡bpf h_õ`rs A_¡ Æhp¡_p¡ Ah¥^ h¡`pf_p¡ R>¡. S>¡dp„ dpR>gu `L$X$hp_y„ A_¡ gpL$X$p L$p`hp_u bpbs kpd¡g _\u.

¶ A¡L$ A_ydp_ A_ykpf hj® f00f \u f011 _u hÃQ¡_p kdeNpmp v$frdep_ S„>Ngu lp\uAp¡_u k„¿epdp„ 62 % S>¡V$gp¡ OV$pX$p¡ S>Zpep¡ R>¡. lp\uv$p„s dpV$¡ \sp¡ lp\uAp¡_p¡ riL$pf A¡ dpV$¡ L$pfZc|s R>¡. N¡fL$p_|_u riL$pf Üpfp lp„kg L$fhpdp„ Aph¡g L$pQp ApräL$u lp\u v$p„sp¡_u qL„$ds A¡riepdp„ 16` rdrge_ X$p¸gf\u gB_¡ 188 rdrge_ X$p¸gf S>¡V$gu R>¡.

¶ S>epf¡ 94 % S>¡V$gu hksu fphsp tiNX$p^pfu fpB_p¡_u kp¥\u h^y hksu qTçbpåh¡ A_¡ v$.ApräL$pdp„ R>¡. Al] k„NW$us riL$pfu V$p¡mL$u_¡ L$pfZ¡ hj® f007dp„ S>¡ k„¿ep `0 lsu s¡ hj® f013dp„ 1000\u `Z h^y \B NB R>¡. `pR>gp hj£ tiNX$pAp¡_u qL„$ds 63 rdrge_ X$p¸gf\u gB_¡ 19f rdrge_ X$p¸gf S>¡V$gu lsu.

¶ A¡L$ A_ydp_ A_ykpf dp¡V$p hp_f_p riL$pfdp„ Z h^pfp¡ _p¢^pep¡ R>¡. hj® f00` \u f011 hÃQ¡ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p 643 tQ`pTu, 48 bp¡_p¡bk, 98 Np¡qfëgp A_¡ 1019 Ap¡f¢NyV$p__p¡ N¡fL$p_|_u riL$pf \ep_„y A_ydp_ R>¡. dp¡V$p hp_fp¡_p Ah¥^ riL$pf_p¡ hpõsqhL$ Ap„L$X$p¡ Apif¡ ff,000 S>¡V$gp¡ R>¡.

"^ A¡Þhpefd¢V$ ¾$pBd ¾$pBrkk'¶- h_p¡_p¡ N¡fL$p_|_u A_ydpr_s hprj®L$ L$pfp¡bpf 30 \u 100 AbS> X$p¸gf_p¡ R>¡. S>¡ Ly$g

h¥rðL$ gpL$X$p h¡`pf_p¡ 10 \u 30 % S>¡V$gp¡ L$lu iL$pe. ¶- A¡L$ A_ydp_ dyS>b Ad|L$ DóZL$qV$b„ûe v$¡ip¡dp„\u Aphsp `0 \u 90 % gpL$X$p

Ah¥^ ÷p¡sp¡_p dpN£\u Aphhp_p¡ k„v$¡l R>¡. S>¡_¡ Ah¥^ ê$`¡ L$p`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. ¶B.e|. A_¡ Ad¡qfL$p âqs hj® Apif¡ 33.` AbS> V$_ DóZL$V$ub„ûe gpL$X$p Apeps

L$f¡ R>¡. A_ydp_ R>¡ L$¡, v$f¡L$ i„L$põ`v$ N¡fL$p_|_u DóZL$V$ub„ûe gpL$X$p_p¡ 6f \u 86 % S>Õ\p¡ L$pNm, gyÁv$u A_¡ gpL$X$p_u rQàk ê$`¡ B.e|. A_¡ Ad¡rfL$pdp„ S>B füp¡ R>¡.

¶A¡L$ A_ydp_ dyS>b `|h} ApräL$p_y„ A¡L$ Aps„L$hpv$u kd|l QpfL$p¡g_p Ah¥^ ìep`pf Üpfp hprj®L$ 38 \u 6 AbS> X$p¸gf_u L$dpZu L$fu füy R>¡.

¶ApräL$u v$¡ip¡ A_¡ s¡_u Apk`pk_p rhõspfp¡dp„ _pNqfL$ k¡_p A_¡ Aps„L$hpv$u kd|l iê$ tlkp v$frdep_ Ah¥^ Ar_erds Qpf L$p¡g h¡`pf Üpfp hprj®L$ 111 rdrge_ X$p¸gf\u f89 rdrge_ X$p¸gf_u L$dpZu L$fu füy R>¡.

ü èp®hfZue A`fp^_u N„cuf bpbsp¡ A_¡ èp®hfZ `f `X$sp N„cuf âcphp¡ A_¡ kss rhL$pk gÿep¡_¡ qõhL$pf L$fu_¡ dprlsu âpáudp„ dv$v$ A_¡ ep®hfZ L$p_|_ A_¡ r_edp¡ `f âepkp¡dp„ kdÞhe, Nfubu DÞd|g_ A_¡ rhL$pk_„y kd\®_ L$fhpdp„ dv$v$ L$fu_¡ kdqÞhs ep®hfZ A`fp^ kpd¡ ×[ô$L$p¡Z gpNy L$fhp¡.

ü A`fpû kdyv$pe_¡ èp®hfZ A`fp^ bv$g kss rhL$pk A_¡ fpS>e dpV$¡ N„cuf Msfp¡ kdS>hp A_¡ s¡d_p Ah¥^ h¡`pf_¡ fp¡L$hp fpô²$ue, n¡Óue, h¥[ðL$ âepkp¡_„y kd\®_ L$fhy.

ü èp®hfZ L$p_|_, A_y`pg_ A_¡ ÅN©rs_¡ dS>b|s b_phhp A_¡ âhs®_ A¡S>ÞkuAp¡ A_¡ v$¡ip¡_¡ N¥f-fpS>e ki÷ Sy>\p¡ A_¡ Aps„L$hpv$_¡ _pZp`p¡jZ A_¡ Ah¥^ h¡`pf_u c|qdL$p Ap¡R>u L$fhp dpV$¡ D`cp¡L$sp ÅN©rs Arcep_ A_¡ Dèp¡NL$sp® bÅfp¡_u Ap¡mM L$fu_¡ c°ô$pQpf kpd¡ gX$hp k„õ\pNs, L$p_|_u A_¡ r_epdL$ âZpgu_¡ dS>b|s b_phhu A_¡ Ah¥^ h¡`pf_u v$¡Mf¡M fpMhu.

h_õ`rs A_¡ Æhp¡_p N¡fL$p_|_u h¡`pf_u dy¿e bpbsp¡ :

gpL$X$p_p N¡fL$p_|_u h¡`pf_u dy¿e bpbsp¡ :

qf`p¡V®$_u cgpdZ :

Ø `fdpÏ lr\epf ^fphsp Ly$g 9 v$¡i R>¡. k„eyL$s fpS>e Ad¡qfL$p, friep, ey.L$¡, äp„k, cpfs, pqL$õsp_, BTfpeg, DÑf L$p¡qfep, hj® f014_u iê$Apsdp„ v$f¡L$ v$¡ip¡ pk¡ Apif¡ 4000 Ap¡`f¡i_g fdpÏ lr\epf lsp.

Ø v$f¡L$ `fdpÏ lr\epf NZhpdp„ Aphu füp R>¡. hj® f014dp„ Ap v$f¡L$ v$¡i `pk¡ Ly$g Apif¡ 16,300 fdpÏ lr\epf lsp. hj® f013_u iê$Apsdp„ Ap k„¿ep 17,f70 lsu.

Ø cpfs A_¡ `pqL$õsp_ `fdpÏ lr\epf `lp¢QpX$hpdp„ knd _hu âZpgu rhL$rks L$fhpdp„ gpN¡gp R>¡ A_¡ p¡sp_p k¥Þe Dv«¡íep¡ dpV$¡ rhM„X$_ue kpdN°u_u `p¡sp_u DÐ`pv$_ ndsp h^pfu füp R>¡.

Ø `pR>gp `p„Q hj® v$frdep_ vy$r_epdp„ Ly$g `fdpÏ lr\epfp¡_u k„¿epdp„ r_f„sf

õV$p¡L$ lp¡d HV$f_¡i_g uk qfkQ® BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$ Üpfp hprj®L$ Þe|qL$gef ap¡k£k X$¡V$p Åfu L$fpep¡

õV$p¡L$ lp¡d HV$f_¡i_g uk rfkQ® BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$ Üpfp 16 S|>__p fp¡S> p¡sp_p¡ hprj®L$ Þe|qL$gef ap¡k£k X$¡V$p Åfu L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. S>¡dp„ vy$r_ep_p `fdpÏ lr\epfp¡_p hs®dp_ âhpl A_¡ rhL$pk_y„ ApL$g_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey R>¡. Ap„L$X$pAp¡ `f\u dprlsu dmu Aph¡ R>¡ L$¡, S>epf¡ vy$r_epdp„ `fdpZy lr\epfp¡_u k„¿ep Ap¡R>u \B flu R>¡, Ðepf¡ `fdpÏ lr\epf k„`Þ_ v$¡ip¡ `¥L$u L$p¡B`Z r_L$V$_p crhóedp„ p¡sp_p lr\epf Msd L$fhp s¥epf _\u.

dy¿e bpbs :-

õV$p¡L$ lp¡d BÞV$f_¡i_g ùk qfQk® BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$ õhuX$_ qõ\s A¡L$ õhs„Ó Ap„sffpô²$ue k„õ\p_ R>¡.S>¡_u õ\p`_p B.k.1966dp„ \B lsu.

Ap k„õ\p_ k„Oj®, Apey^, lr\epf r_e„ÓZ A_¡ r_f÷uL$fZ f A_yk„^p_ L$f¡ R>¡. S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡_p ÷p¡sp¡_p Ap^pf¡ _urs r_^p®fL$p¡, duqX$ep, ip¡^L$sp® A_¡ fkê$Qu ^fphsp gp¡L$p¡ dpV$¡ Ap„L$X$p rhïg¡jZ A_¡ cgpdZ D`gå^ b_¡ R>¡.

A¡k.ApB.ù.Apf.ApB.v$¡i hj®2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Ad¡qfL$p 9600 8500 8000 7700 7300friep 12000 11000 10000 8500 8000e|.L$¡. ff` ff` ff` 225 225äp„k 300 300 300 300 300Qu_ f40 240 240 250 250cpfs 60-80 80-100 80-100 90-110 90-110`pqL$õsp_ 70-90 90-110 90-110 100-120 100-120 BTfpeg 80 80 80 80 80 Ly$g 22600 20530 19000 17570 16300

`pR>gp `p„Qhj®_p¡ hëX®$ Þe|qL$gef X$¡V$p ap¡k£k

OV$pX$p¡ \ep¡ R>¡. Ap OV$pX$p¡ fqiep A_¡ Ad¡rfL$p_¡ L$pfZ¡ \ep¡ R>¡. `f„sy lÆ `Z Ly$g `fdpÏ lr\epfp¡ 93 % friep A_¡ Ad¡qfL$p pk¡ R>¡. b„_¡ v$¡i d¡S>k® ap¸f a^®f qfX$L$i_ A¡ÞX$ rgrdV$¡i_ Ap¸a õV²$¡V$¡rS>L$ Ap¸a¡qÞkh Apçk® k„r^ A„sN®s `p¡sp_p fdpÏ lr\epf Ap¡R>p L$fu füp R>¡.

Ø Ap kp\¡ L$p_|_uê$`¡ `fdpÏ lr\epf dpÞesp âpá `p„Q v$¡i Qu_, äp„k, friep, e|.L$¡., Ad¡rfL$pA¡ _hp fdpÏ lr\epf rhsfZ âZpgu L$¡ A¡hu bpbsp¡ dpV$¡ L$pe®¾$dp¡_u Op¡jZp L$f¡gu R>¡.

Ø qhi¡jo kv$õep¡dp„ A¡L$ Dcfsu Apd kldsu b_u R>¡ L$¡, DÑf L$p¡qfepA¡ Aë` rhL$rks fdpÏ rhõap¡V$L$ D`L$fZp¡\u AgN _p_u k„¿epdp„ fdpÏ lr\epf_y„ DÐ`pv$_ L$ey® R>¡.

L$ç`¡V$uV$uh BrÞX$ep 12

rblpf_p `V$Zp il¡f Mps¡ ` S|>__p fp¡S> fpS>e_p ` e p ® h f Z A _ ¡ h _ rhcpN_p klep ¡N\ u Ape p ¡ r S >s g p ¡ L $ p` ®Z k d p f p ¡ l d p „ k p r l Ð e dlp¡Ðkh Üpfp L$rh A_¡ NusL$pf NygTpf Üpfp gurMs `yõsL$ "N ° u_ ` p ¡ e çk'_ y „ r hd p ¡Q_

L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. L$qhsp ê$`¡ gMpe¡g Ap yõsL$_y„ âL$pi_ "`¡NyB_ BqÞX$ep' Üpfp s\p A„N°¡Æ A_yhpv$ k¡hp r_h©s fpS>_preL$ h_ L$¡. hdp®A¡ L$ep£ lsp¡.

k„h¡v$_iug g¡ML$ NygTpf¡ Ap `yõsL$dp„ kdõs L$pe_ps_¡ Ly$v$fs sfa\u dm¡gu AZdp¡g c¡V$ S>¡hu L$¡ S„>Ngp¡, lpX$p¡, bfa, _v$uAp¡, hjp®, hpv$m, ApL$pi, fsu A_¡ A„sqfn_¡ `p¡sp_p iåv$p¡dp„ Y$pýep R>¡. `yõsL$dp„ `p¡sp_u Ap¡mM dyS>b_p A¡L$ h©n A_¡ Dˆ$X$ Ly$hp rhj¡ `Z S>Zphhpdp„ Apìey R>¡. A¡ rkhpe Ly$ëgy, d_pgu, Q„bp A_¡ t\`|_¡ Z p¡sp_p g¡M_p¡ rlõkp¡ b_pìep R>¡.

hX$pâ^p_ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ v$¡i_p rhL$pk_p k„b„^dp„ bl¡sf _ursAp¡_p r_dp®Zdp„ rhi¡jop¡ A_¡ byqÂ^ÆhuAp¡_¡ kgpl Ap`hp Aùg L$fu_¡ v$¡i_p rhL$pk_¡ faspf Ap`hp A_¡ s¡_¡ k„b„r^s bl¡sf _urs b_php f cpf Apàep¡ lsp¡. s¡dS> DÅ® S>ê$fuepsp¡_u |s} L$fhp kp¥f DÅ®_p DÐ`pv$_ h^pfhp A_¡ il¡fu L$fZ_¡ kdõep ê$`¡ Å¡hp_¡ bv$g¡ Ahkf sfuL$¡ Å¡hp Aùg L$fu lsu.

`p¡sp_p kfL$pfu q_hpk 7 Apf.ku.Apf. `f rhh¡L$ v$¡bfp¡e krls AÞe rhi¡jop¡ Üpfp k„`pqv$s `yõsL$ "N¡qV„$N BqÞX$ep b¢L$ Ap¸_ V²$¡L$ : A¡_ A¡L$i_ A¡S>ÞX$p ap¸f qfap¡çk®'_y„ gp¡L$p`®Z Ley® lsy .`yõsL$_y„ âp¼\_ fs_ V$pV$pA¡ g¿ey R>¡.

`yõsL$dp„ dpB¾$p¡BL$p¡_p¸rd¼k [õ\fsp_u v$¡Mf¡L$, L©$rj A_¡ Ål¡f rhsfZ âZpgudp„ ky^pfp¡, rhr_dp®Z _urs `f afu QQp® L$fhu, fp¡S>Npf kS®>_, rinZ A_¡ L$p¥ig rhL$pk, il¡fuL$fZ A_¡ c|rd âb„^_dp„ _hu_uL$fZ, S>m âb„^_ A_¡ _hu DÅ® _ursAp¡ s\p d|ëe r_^p®fZdp„ ky^pfp¡, ep®hfZ âb„^_ S>¡hu bpbsp¡ rhj¡ QQp® L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

bp¸guhyX$dp„ V²$¡S>¡X$u qL„$N_p _pd\u dil|f raëd Arc_¡sp qv$gu`Ly$dpf_u Æh_L$\p "kåõV$p„k A¡ÞX$ i¡X$p¡'_y„ gp¡L$p`®Z 10 S|__p fp¡S> Ardspc bÃQ_ A_¡ Apduf Mp_ Üpfp k„eyL$s fus¡ dy„bB Mps¡ L$fhpdp„ Apìey.

qv$gu`Ly$dpf_p `pqfhpqfL$ rdÓ Dv$e spfp _pef Üpfp gurMs Ap `yõsL$dp„ qv$gu`Ly$dpf_p bpm`Z, L$pfqL®$v$u, `qfhpf A_¡ Æh__p Dspf, QX$ph S>¡hu bpbsp¡ krls fpS>L$`yf, v$¡hAp_„v$, d^ybpgp rhi¡ QQp® L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

`yõsL$_p gp¡L$p`®Z âk„N¡ qv$gu`Ly$dpf_p `qÐ_ kpefpbp_y, d£ÞÖ, L$fZ Å¡lf krls_u lõsuAp¡ lpS>f flu lsu. L$pe®¾$d_u fS|>Aps L$fZ Å¡lf¡ s\p qv$gu`Ly$dpf_u ip_dp„ õhf L$p¡qL$gp gsp d„N¡iL$f¡ `p¡sp_u AhpS>_p¡ Åvy$ s¡dS `yõsL$_p Ad|L$ A„ip¡_¡ Ardspc bÃQ_¡ hp„Qu_¡ k„cmpìep lsp.

S>epf¡ qv$gu`Ly$dpf `f âky_ Å¡iuA¡ gM¡gu L$rhsp ApdufMp_¡ hp„Qu k„cmphu lsu. rld¡_ ^d£ÞÖA¡ qv$gu`Ly$dpf kp\¡_p k„õdfZp¡ spTp L$fu_¡ X$pÞk L$ep£ lsp¡.

qv$gu`Ly$dpf_y d|m _pd dp¡lçdv$ e|kyaMp_ R>¡. s¡dZ¡ `p¡sp_y raëdu _pd qv$gu`Ly$dpf fp¿ey R>¡. `p¡sp_u R> v$kL$p_u gp„bu L$pfqL®$v$udp„ s¡dZ¡ d^ydrs, dyNg-A¡-ApTd, N„Np-S>dy_p, fpd Ap¥f íepd, L$dp®, rh^psp, dipg, kp¥v$pNf S>¡hu Ak„¿e rlV$ raëdp¡ Apù R>¡. s¡d_u A„rsd raëd B.k.1998dp„ Aph¡gu "qL$gp' lsu.

qv$gu`Ly$dpf B.k.1991 `Ú c|jZ, B.k.1994dp„ v$pv$p kpl¡b apmL$¡ `yfõL$pf\u kçdpr_s \B Q|L$ep R>¡.

"N°u_ `p¡eçk' - NygTpf gurMs yõsL$_y„ rhdp¡Q_

"N¡qV„$N BqÞX$ep b¥L$ Ap¸_ V²$¡L$'

_urs r_^p®fL$p¡,qhÜhp_p¡_¡ k„L$V$N°õs v$¡i_¡ ìep`L$ A_¡ ìehlpqfL$ fus¡ kdS>hp dpV$¡ iqL$sipmu D`L$fZ âv$p_ L$fsu A_¡ Brslpk, kdpS>ip÷, ^prd®L$ AÂee_, Ap„sffpô²$ue k„b„^p¡_p kprlÐe_p dpÂed\u `pqL$õsp__u Akyfnp_u vy$v®$ip `f ìep`L$ `Z¡ QQp® L$fsu `yõsL$ "hp¡qfef õV$¡V$ : `pqõL$õsp_ B_ ^ L$p¸ÞV$¡ç`p¡ffu hëX®$' cpfs_p D`fpô²$`rs A¡d.lqdv$ A„kpfu kdn 13 S|>_¡ fS|> L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. Ap¸L$kap¡X®$ e|r_hrk®V$u â¡k, Þe|ep¡L®$ Üpfp âL$pris Ap yõsL$ ÅÞeyApfu f014dp„ gp¢Q \B lsu.

`yõsL$_p g¡ML$ V$u.hu. `p¸g R>¡. S>¡Ap¡ d¥L$rNg e|r_hrk®V$u (dp¸qÞV²$eg, L$¡_¡X$p)_p fpS>_ursL$ rhop__p âp¸a¡kf R>¡.

ÅÞeyApfu f013 \u d¡ f014_p aõV®$ rkV$uT_ rij®L$ õs„c A„sN®s "^ huL$'dp„ âL$pris g¡Mp¡_y„ k„L$g_ v$ip®hsu L$p¡au V$¡bg byL$ "aõV®$ rkV$uT_ : fpô²$`rs ch_dp„ âZh dyMÆ®'_y„ rhdp¡Q_ f Sy>gpB f014_p fp¡S> _hu qv$ëlu Mps¡ fpô²$`rs ch_dp„ A¡L$ kdpfp¡l

v$fqdep_ \ey lsy. yõsL$_u â\d âs fpô²$`rsA¡ âpá L$fu lsu. `yõsL$_¡ "^ huL'$ `qÓL$p Üpfp âL$pris L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. s¡_„y rhdp¡Q_

X$p¸.L$Z®tkl¡ L$ey® lsy.`yõsL$dp„ fpô²$`rs_p v$¡i rhv$¡i_p âhpkp¡, fpô²$`rs ch__p v$fhpÅ

kpdpÞe _pNqfL$p¡ dpV$¡ Mp¡ghp_u L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gu _hu `l¡g s\p â¡kuX$¡Þku, fkp¡B A_¡ AÞe gp¡L$p¡ kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡g kdpfp¡l kpd¡g R>¡.

`yõsL$dp„ Ap `l¡gp fpô²$`rs ch_ k„N°l\u `|h£ fpô²$`rs_u Arcg¡Mue sõhufp¡ L$epf¡e Å¡hp dmu _ lsu. qv$gQõ` kdpQpfp¡_u dprlsu_p Vy$L$X$pAp¡ Z `yõsL$dp„ kpd¡g R>¡.

"aõV®$ rkV$uT_' : fpô²$`rs ch_dp„ âZh dyMÆ®" - L$p¡au V$¡bg byL$

"hp¡qfef õV$¡V$ : pqL$õsp_ B_ L$p¸ÞV$¡ç`p¡ffu hëX®$'

qv$ëlu il¡f_ A¡L$ AgN âL$pf¡ âõsys L$fsy, S>¡_¡ hpQL$p¡A¡ Ap `l¡gp L$p¡B D`Þepkdp„ _p dpÎey lp¡e: A¡L$ A¡hy il¡f S>¡ tlkp, ¾$p¡^ A_¡ c°ô$pQpf\u cf¡gy X$¡gy lp¡e.

- v$uqàsL$`|f Üpfp fQpe¡gy D`Þepk "A b¡X$ L$¡f¡L$V$f' Ap¡Nô$ f014dp„ âL$pris \i¡. Ap D`Þepk B^p _pd_u eyhp drlgp_u BÃR>p_u L$lp_u v$ip®h¡ R>¡. A¡f¡ÞS> rhhpl A_¡ dÂed hN® Üpfp âv$p_ \su kyfnpdp„\u bQu_¡ cpNu r_L$m¡ R>¡ Ðepfbpv$ s¡ A¡L$ L$qfídpB A_¡ Msf_pL$ eyhL$ kp\¡ ApL$qõdL$ fus¡ dm¡ R>¡. `qfZpd¡ S>ëv$u fp¡dp„Q\u AhNs \pe R>¡.

"A b¥X$ L$¡f¡L$V$f' "ågX$ ae|X$'A¡X$hX®$ L$g¡_ Üpfp gMhpdp„ Aph¡gu `yõsL$

ågX$ ae|X$ : Ap¡bpdp rhê$Â^ qL$g„V$_'_¡ f¡‚¡fu `qågtiN lpDk Üpfp âL$pris L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

Ap `yõsL$ vy$íd_u, Bjp®, Ad¡qfL$p_p b¡ kp¥\u iqL$sipmu fpS>_ursL$ Å¡X$u hÃQ¡_u ârsõ`^p® rhj¡ S>Zphpey R>¡. Ap `yõsL$ bfpL$ Ap¡bpdp A_¡ rL$g„V$_ hÃQ¡ b„^ Ap¡fX$pdp„ k¢L$X$p¡ b¡W$L$p¡ A_¡ kpnpÐL$pf_p k„b„^p¡ `f Ap^pqfs R>¡¡. `yõsLdp„$ rlg¡fu qL$g„V$__p Apfp¡Áe rhj¡ `Z QQp® L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

12


B.k.1944dp„ õ\`pe¡gp¡ d|rs®v$¡hu `yfõL$pf cpfsue op_ùW$ krdrs Üpfp âv$p_ \sp¡ âqs›$us kprlÐe `yfõL$pf R>¡. Ap `yfõL$pf A„sN®s b¡ gpM_u fp¡L$X$, âiqõs`Ó, ârsL$ rQÞl A_¡ hpÁv$¡hu_u ârsdp A¡_pes \pe R>¡.

cpfsue op_ùW$ krdrsA¡ 13 S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> hj® f013_p Ap `yfõL$pf dpV$¡ h¥opr_L$ kp\¡ g¡ML$ fl¡gp fp^pL©$óZ_ _pd_u Op¡jZp L$fu R>¡.

fp^pL©$óZ_ s¡d_y„ gurMs dgepgu D`Þepk "r\L$L$pv$g L$ps_ly r\ê$d^yfd' bv$g d|rs®v$¡hu `yfõL$pf A¡_pes \i¡. Ap D`Þepk "dgepgd cpjp_p r`sp' L$l¡hpsp V$u.fpdp_yS>_ Ap Æh_ f Ap^pqfs R>¡.

cpfsue rhdp_`Ñ_ âpr^L$fZ (A¡.A¡.ApB.) A¡f_p¸qV$L$g A¡fp¡õ`¡k rhop__p n¡Ó¡ DÐL©$óV$ ep¡Nv$p_ A_¡ D`gqåÂp¡ dpV$¡ âÐe¡L$ hj¡® fpô²$ue `yfõL$pf âv$p_ L$f¡ R>¡. A¡fp¡_p¡qV$Lg kp¡kpeV$u Ap¸¸a BqÞX$ep Üpfp âv$p_ \sp Ap `yfõL$pfp¡dp„ cpfs fÐ_ S>¡.Apf.X$u. spsp `yfõL$pf rkrhg A¡rhA¡i__p n¡Ódp„ DÐL©$ô$ ep¡Nv$p_ L$f_pf ìeqL$sAp¡_¡ âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.hj® f013dp„ Ap yfõL$pf bv$g A¡.A¡.ApB._p kv$õe hu.kp¡dpky„v$fd (A¡f _¡rhN¡i_ krh®kuT)_¡ 9 S|>__p fp¡S> A¡fp¡_p¸qV$L$g A¡fõ`¡kdp„ rhop__p n¡Ódp„ kyQ_p, v$nsp s\p A¡f õ`¡k_u ndsp rhõspf n¡Ódp„ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gp L$pep£ bv$g kçdpq_s L$fhpdp„ Apìep.

gyBrkep_p_p b¥V$_ ê$S> rkrhL$ k¡ÞV$f Mps¡ 8 S|>__p fp¡S> rdk _¡hpX$p r_ep kp„Q¡S>_¡ rdk e|.A¡k.A¡. f014_p¡ spT hj® f013_u rhS>¡sp A¡qf_ b°¡X$u Üpfp `l¡fphhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. r_ep kp„Q¡S> rdk e|.A¡k.A¡. kp¦v$e® ârsep¡rNsp_u 63du rhS>¡sp R>¡. s¡ ApNpdu rdk e|r_hk® ârsep¡rNspdp„ Ad¡qfL$p_y„ ârsr_r^Ðh L$fi¡.

r_ep kp„Q¡S>¡ Ad¡qfL$p_p v$f¡L$ fpS>ep¡_u Ly$g `0 S>¡V$gu ârsõ`^} ky„v$fuAp¡ s\p L$p¡g„rbep_u ky„v$fu_¡ lpf Apù lsu. Ap ârsep¡rNspdp„ â\d D` rhS>¡sp rdk _p¡\® X$L$p¡V$p Ap¸X²$p dpfu füp lsp. f4 hrj®e r_ep kp„Q¡S> gpk h¡Npk_u R>¡ A_¡ speL$hp¡X$p¡_p L$p¡qfepB dpi®g ApV®$dp„ Qpf qX$N°u åg¡L$ b¡ëV$ ^fph¡ R>¡.

rdk ey.A¡k.A¡.-f014 sfuL$¡ r_ep kp„Q¡S>

fp¸g Ap¸a A¡L$kg¢k yfõL$pf fpÆh Np„û Ap„sffpô²$ue A¡f`p¡V®$ rhS>¡sp

v$rnZ L$p¡qfep_p rkep¡g Mps¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue A¡f`p¡V®$ `qfjv$ (A¡.ku.ApB.) Üpfp cpfs_p l¥v$fpbpv$ Mps¡_p fpÆh Np„û Ap„sffpô²$ue A¡f`p¡V®$_¡ "fp¡g Ap¡a A¡L$kgÞk' `yfõL$pf âpá \ep¡ lsp¡. fpÆh Np„û A¡f`p¡V®$_¡ AdyL$ î¡ZuAp¡dp„ gNpspf `p„Q hj® vy$r_ep_p A¡f`p¡V®$dp„ V$p¡Q_p ÓZdp„ õ\p_ dýey R>¡. s¡dS> hj® f013dp„ -1` rdrge_ epqÓL$p¡_u î¡Zudp„ A¡f`p¡V®$_p¡ buÅ¡ kp¥\u kpfu k¡hp NyZhÑp yfõL$pf d¡mìep¡ lsp¡. Ap A¡f`p¡V£ ¥L$u 4.80 A„L$ âpá L$ep® lsp. S>epf¡ hj® f01fdp„ 4.71 A„L$ âpá L$ep® lsp. A¡ rkhpe vy$r_epdp„ kp¥\u kpfu k¡¡hp_u NyZhÑp âv$pspAp¡dp„ qv$ëlu_y„ BqÞv$fp Np„û Ap„sffpô²$ue A¡f`p¡V®$ buÅ õ\p_ `f R>¡ A_¡ dy„bB_y„ R>Ó`rs rihpÆ Ap„sffpô²$ue A¡f`p¡V®$ p„Qdp„ õ\p_¡ füy lsy.

A¡k.ku.

ApB.

Ap„sffpô²$ue A¡f`p¡V® `qfjv$ (A¡k.ku.ApB.) A¡f`p¡V®$_y„ A¡L$ h¥[ðL$ A¡L$d R>¡. S>¡ kfL$pfu A_¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue k„NW$_p¡ kp\¡ s¡d_p rlsp¡_„y ârsr_r^Ðh L$f¡ R>¡. S>¡ A„sN®s 174 v$¡ip¡_p 1,7`1 A¡f`p¡V®$_¡ kpd¡g L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gp R>¡.

cp¥rsL$ h¥opr_L$ °p¸.s¡rS„>v$f qhv$} "_pBV$ b¡Qgf kçdp_' \u yfõL©$s

"gpS®> l¥X²$p¡_ L$p¡gpBX$f' `f L$f¡gp L$pep£ bv$g ÅZusp s¡dS> L$p¸ç`¥L$V$ çe|Ap¡_ kp¡g¡_p¡eX$ (ku.A¡d.A¡k.) qfkQ® n¡Ó¡ dlÐh`|Z® ep¡Nv$p_ Ap`_pf cpfsue dym_p A_¡ rb°V$__p kp¥\u ârs[›$s cp¥rsL$ h¥opr_L$p¡ ¥L$u_p âp¸.s¡rS„>v$f hv$}_¡ "_pBV$ b¡Qfg kçdp_'\u kçdpr_s L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp. Ap kÞdp_ kp\¡ S> s¡Ap¡ A_¡ s¡d_p klep¡Nu V$p¸d qL$åbg "_pBV$¹k lyX$' b_u Nep R>¡.

rb°V$__p dlpfpZu A¡rgTpb¡\-f _p S>Þdqv$_ `f fS| \e¡gu kçdpr_sp¡_u k|Qu 13 S|>_¡ Åfu \B lsu. Ap k|Qu A_ykpf âp¸.s¡rS„>v$f qhv$} kp\¡ AÞe cpfsue d|m ^fphsp h¥opr_L$ A_y`d Ap¡Tp_¡ "Ap¡X®$f Ap¸a rb°qV$i A¡ç`pef' kÞdp_\u kçdpr_s L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp.

âp¸.s¡rS„>v$f qhv$}L$p¸ç`¡L$V$ çe|Ap¡_ kp¡g¡_p¡eX$

(ku.A¡d.A¡k.) qfkQ® n¡Ó¡ âep¡N A„sN®s rS>_¡hp Mps¡ \e¡gp "gpS®> l¥X²$p¡_ L$p¡gpBX$f'dp„ ApqÎhL$ cp¥rsL$_p n¡Ó¡ kpfp A¡hp `qfZpdp¡ âpá \ep lsp. S>¡dp„ ql„ÁT bp¡Tp¡_ L$¡ N¸p¡X$ `pqV®$L$g_u Ac|s`|h® ip¡^ kpd¡g lsu. Np¡X®$ `pqV®$L$g L$p¡B`Z AÏdp„ cpf ¡v$p L$f¡ R>¡.

A¡f`p¡V®$ L$pDqÞkg BÞV$f_¡i_g (A¡.ku.ApB.)_u L$p¡qfep_p rkep¡g Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s 9du b¡W$L$dp„ kp¥\u kpfp A¡f`p¡V®$_u î¡Zudp„ lhpB k¡hp NyZhÑp (A¡.A¡k.L$ey) `yfõL$pf L$p¡gL$Ñp A¡f`p¡V®$_¡ A¡_pes L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. S>¡_p¡ A¡f`p¡V®$_p X$pef¡L$V$f bu.ù.idp®A¡ õhuL$pf L$ep£ lsp¡. Ap yfõL$pf î¡Zudp„ A¡hp A¡f`p¡V®$_¡ kpd¡g L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp L$¡, S>¡_¡ hj® f01f A_¡ f013 hÃQ¡ f¡qV„$Ndp„ dp¡V$p¡ ky^pfp¡ L$ep¡® lp¡e.A¡.A¡k.L$ey. `yfõL$pfp¡_u Qpf î¡Zu S>¡hu L$¡, kp¥\u kpê$ A¡f`p¡V®$, ApL$pf A_ykpf kp¥\u kpê$ A¡f`p¡V®$, _p_y A¡f`p¡V®$ A_¡ b¡õV$ Hâyhd¡ÞV$ R>¡.

krh®k L$hp¸rgV$u `yfõL$pf-L$p¡gL$Ñp A¡f`p¡V®$hu.kp¡dpky„v$fd cpfs fÐ_ S>¡.Apf.X$u. V$pV$p yfõL$pf\u kçdpr_sõhfpS> `p¸g gpBa

V$pBd AQhud¢V$ `yfõL$pf\u kçdpr_s

AN°Zu A¡_.Apf.ApB. DÛp¡N`rs gp¡X®$ õhfpS> `p¡g_¡ 13 S|>__p fp¡S> rb°V$¡_ Ap^pfus ìep`pf k„O Üpfp gpBaV$pBd AQuhd¡ÞV$ `yfõL$pf\u kçdpr_s L$fhpdp„ Apìep. Ap `yfõL$pf s¡d_¡ h¡X$_¡k`fu_p h¡õV$ rdX$g¥X $ ¹kdp „ ågp ¡L $ L „ $V ² $ u A¡riepB ìep`pf A¡kp¡rkA¡i__p hprj®L$ `yfõL$pfdp„ DÛp¡N, rinL$ A_¡ ragp\°¡ùdp„ DÑd ep¡Nv$p_ bv$g âv$p_ \ep¡ lsp¡.

d¥L$b°pBX$¡ Ap yõsf f7 hj®_u he¡ gMu lsu. s¡d_¡ A¡L$ v$iL$ bpv$ âL$piL$ dýep lsp. N¥gu b¥Nf â¡k¡ s¡d_¡ 600 e|fp¡_u QyL$hZu buÆ yõsL$ dpV$¡ L$fu lsu.

Ap `yõsL$ A¡L$ dqlgp_u `p¡sp_p cpB kp\¡_p k„b„^p¡_u A¡L$ L$lp_u R>¡. S>¡ Apefg¡ÞX$dp„ ^prd®L$ A_¡ ep¥_ ip¡jZ_u riL$pf R>¡.

Apeqfi g¡ML$ A¡rdef d¥L$b°pBX$ "b¡guS> âpBT ap¸f raL$i_' rhS>¡sp \ep

Apeqfi g¡ML$ A¡rdef d¥L$b°pBX$ `p¡sp_ â\d D`Þepk "A Ng® BT A lpa ap¡d®X$ q\„N' bv$g 4 S>|__p fp¡S> b¡guS> âpBT raL$i_ rhS>¡sp \ep lsp.

b¡guS> rhd¡Þk `°pBT-f014 dpV$¡_u ip¡V®$rgõV$ \e¡gu epv$uTy„`p gprlX$u_p "^ gp¡g¡ÞX$' kqls Ap `yfõL$pf dpV$¡ AÞe `yõsL$p¡ QudpdpÞv$p _Np¡Æ Aqv$Qu_y„

"Ad¡qfL$p_pl', lp_p L$¡ÞV$_y„ "b°|A¡g fpBV$¹k' Ap¸X²$¡ dpNu_y„ "^ AÞX$f V$¡qL„$N', A¡df d¥L$b°pBX$_y„ "A Ng® BT A lpa ap¸çX®$ t\N', X$p¡Þ_p V$pË$p®'_y„ "^ Np¡ëX$taQ' k„v$ \ep_u Op¡jZp 8 A¡râg¡ L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. S>¡dp\u rhS>¡sp \_pf_u Op¡jZp g„X$_ Mps¡ 4 S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡.

B.k.1996dp„ drlgpAp¡ Üpfp guqMs Ap„sffpô²$ue raL$i__¡ âp¡Ðkplus L$fhp_p l¡sy\u Ap yfõL$pf_u iê$Aps L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. Ap `yfõL$pf rb°V$__p¡ A¡hp¡ A¡L$dpÓ hprj®L$ `yfõL$pf R>¡ S>¡ drlgp L$pë`r_L$ L$\pL$pfp¡_¡ âv$p_ \pe R>¡.

âÐe¡L$ hj£ Ap yfõL$pf vy$r_epcf_u drlgp g¡qML$pAp¡_¡ DÐL©$ô$sp, dp¥rgL$sp A_¡ lp¢Q_¡ DÐkh_u S>¡d d_phu_¡ rhS>¡sp_¡ N°uS>¡g r_h¡_ Üpfp b_phpe¡gy L$p„kp_y„ ârsL$ rQÞl b¡fku âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. kp\¡ fp¡L$X$ fL$d_p¡ Q¡L$ Z A`®Z \pe R>¡. Ap yfõLpf l¡gp "Ap¸f¡ÞS> âpBT' _p _pd\u Z ÅZusp¡ lsp¡.

B.k.1996 (â\d yfõL$pf) - A õ`¡g Ap¸a thV$f (l¡g_ Xy$_dp¡_B.k.1997 (buÅ¡ yfõL$pf)-L$e|rNqV$h uk¡k (A¡_u dpBL$ëk)B.k.f010 - gpLy$_p (bpfbfp qL„$N õgp¡hf) B.k.2011-^ V$pBNk® hpBa (V$u Ap¡bf¡V$)B.k.f01f - kp¢N Ap¸a AL$uguT (d¡X$rg_ rdgf)B.k.f013 - hu.bu. ap¸fNuh_ (A¡.A¡Q. lp¡çk)

b¡guS> rhd¡Þk âpBT ap¸f raL$i_ rhj¡

`yfõL$pf_p L$¡V$gpL$ `|h® rhS>¡spAp¡_u k|rQ

`yõsL$ rhj¡ :

d|s}v$¡hu yfõL$pf-f013 bv$g h¥opr_L$ A_¡ g¡ML$ fp^pL©$óZ__p _pd_u Ål¡fps

L$ep D`Þepk bv$g dmi¡ `yfõL$pf ?

lphX®$ e|r_hrk®V$u_u 363du hj®Np„W$ v$frdep_ lphX®$ R>pÓ k„O_u hprj®L$ b¡W$L$dp„ âqsq›$s lphX®$ d¡X$g `°pá L$f_pf sfuL$¡ drlÞÖp N©`_p Ap_„v$ drlÞÖp â\d ìeqL$s bÞep R>¡. s¡d_¡ Ap `yfõL$pf dpV$¡ e|r_hrk®V$u ârs kd`®Z, Dv$pfsp A_¡ k¡hp bv$g k„v$ L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp. s¡Ap¡ Ap e|r_hrk®V$u_p c|s`|h® rh^p\} R>¡.

lphX®$ d¡X$g âpá L$f_pf â\d ìeqL$s Ap_„v$ drlÞÖp

v$rnZ ApräL$p_p dlp_ _¡sp _¡ëk_ d„X$¡gp_p kÞdp_dp„ k„eyL$s fpô²$ dlpk„^ Üpfp "ey_pBV$¡X$ _¡i„k _¡ëk_ fp¡rlëgplp d„X$¡gp âpBT' iê$ L$fhp Op¡jZp \B R>¡. S>¡_u iê$Aps 30 _h¡çbf 2014 bpv$ \i¡.

_¡ëk_ d„X¡gp_p kçdp_dp„ k„eyL$s fpô²$ A¡hp¡X®$ A`pi¡

"_¡ëk_ d„X$¡gp_¡ Ap`Zu kh®î¡›$ îÂ^p„S>gu iåv$p¡ L$¡ kdpfp¡l Üpfp _\u Apù iL$psu bëL$¡ s¡ dipg_¡ ApNm gB S>B_¡ Apù iL$pe R>¡, S>¡ s¡dZ¡ Ap`Zp lp\dp„ Apù lsu.'

- bp_ L$u d|_

13


Ø Ad¡qfL$p,cpfs, rb°V$_, L$¡_X$p, L$¡Þep, Ap¸õV²$¡rgep, Ap¡dp_, L$spf, Ly$h¥s, bl¡qf_, _¡^fg¡ÞX$ õhuX$_ klus_p v$¡ip¡dp„ hksu cpfsue d|m_u ky„v$fuAp¡A¡ õ`^p®dp„ cpN qg^p¡ lsp¡.

Ø rhS>¡sp_¡ 8,000 X$p¸gf_u fp¡L$X$ A_¡ spS> s\p ap¡V$p¡k¡i_, dp¡X$¡tgN L$fpf krls_u c¡V$ kp¡Npv$p¡ A`®Îp \B lsu.

Ø ârsep¡rNspdp„ Bht_N NpD_, BqÞX$e_ X²$¡k, V$¡g¡ÞV$ L$p¡ÞV$¡õV$, âñp¡Ñfu S>¡hp fpDÞX$ ep¡Åep lsp.

Ø rhS>¡sp dp¡r_L$p rNg_¡ Ns hj®_p rhS>¡sp rb°V$__p br^f _¡lg cp¡NpBspA¡ spS> l¡fpìep¡ lsp¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, gp¡L$p¡_p aaX$sp lp¡W$p¡_p¡ Aæepk L$fu_¡ `p¡sp_u _p_u bl¡__u dv$v$\u hpsQus L$fu iL$su br^f(bl¡fpi ^fphsu) eyhsu åeyV$u \¡fpr`õV$ _¡lg cp¡NpBsp Ap âqsep¡rspdp„ rhS>¡sp \_pf â\d br^f ky„v$fu lsp.

Ø rdk BqÞX$ep hëX®$hpBX$ ârsep¡rNsp_u iê$Aps B.k.1990dp„ ApB.A¡a.ku Üpfp \B lsu.

rdk BqÞX$ep hëX$®hpBX$-f014 dp¡r_L$p rNg rhS>eurdk BqÞX$ep hëX®$hpBX$_u âqsep¡rNsp f1 S|>__u

fpÓ¡ Aby^pbu_p Ag fp„lp buQ qfkp¡V®$ Mps¡ Apep¡Æs \B lsu. kp¦v$e® õ`^p®_u ra_pg¡dp„ rdk BqÞX$ep ey.A¡k. dp¡r_L$p rNg rhS>¡sp Ål¡f \ep lsp. S>epf¡ rdk BqÞX$ep qõhV$¹Tfg¡ÞX$ buÅ, rdk BqÞX$ep bl¡qf_ ÓuÅ õ\p_¡ füp lsp. ârsep¡rNspdp„ cpfs_y„ ârsr_r^Ðh kyfs il¡f_u A_ynp idp®A¡ L$ey® lsy.

qv$ëlu Mps¡ S>Þd¡gp A_¡ dpÓ 10 hj®_u he¡ Ad¡qfL$pdp„ S>B_¡ hk¡gp cpfsue d|m_p ârs›$p MÞ_p_¡ hpBV$ lpDk Üpfp 17 S|__p fp¡S> "Q¡„qçè_ Ap¸a Q¡„S>' \u kçdpr_s L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp. s¡d_¡ `p¡sp_p kdyv$pe_p A_yL$fZue _¡s©Ðh bv$g kçdpr_s L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp.

"Q¡qçè_ Ap¸a Q¢S>'_p AÞe rhS>¡sp l¡L$V$f (d¡rL$kL$p¡), kfplu (Ad¡qfL$p), L$dpg (dp¡fp¡L$L$p¡), A¡f\f (spBhp_), v$ep_p A¡qëh_p V$p¸f£k (L$p¡g„rbep), ê$õV$u (ragu`pBÞk), AÞ_p ÅNp¡fpdp A_¡ A_plu d¢ÞX$p¡Å (d¡qL$kL$p¡) lsp. v$f¡L$ rhS>¡sp bfpL$ Ap¡bpdpA¡ hj® f01fdp„ iê$ L$f¡gp X$¡af®X$ A¡L$i_ ap¸f QpBëX$ ayX$ AfpBhg `°p¡N°pd_p gpcp\} füp R>¡.

`°rsóW$p MÞ_p "Q¢qçè_ Ap¸a Q¢S>'\u kçdpr_s

49dp„ op_ùW$ `yfõL$pf dpV$¡ L$¡v$pf_p\tkl_u `k„v$Nu \B

cpjp âdpZ¡ `yfõL$pf

L$¡v$pf_p\tkl_u dy¿eL©$qsAp¡ :L$rhsp k„N°l ::(1) Acu rbgLy$g Acu (f) S>du_ `L$ flu l¥ (3) elp k¡ v$¡Mp¡ (4) hpO (`) AL$pg d¡

kpfk (6) DÑf L$buf (7) sp¡gõV$p¡e Ap¥f kpeL$g

Apgp¡Q_p :(1) L$ë`_p Ap¥f R>pephpv$ (f) Ap^yr_L$ tlv$u L$rhspd¡ tbbrh^p_ (3) d¡f¡ kde L$¡ iåv$

(4) d¡f¡ kpnpÐL$pf

k„`pv$_ :(1) sp_p-bp_p (f) kdL$pgu_ ê$ku L$rhspe¡ (3) L$rhsp v$iL$ (4) kpMu (`) iåv$

dy¿e kçdp_ :(1) d¥\uguifZ Nyá kçdp_ (f) Ly$dpf_ Api_ yfõL$pf(3) Æh_ cpfsu kÞdp_ (4) qv$_L$f yfõL$pf(`) kprlÐe AL$pv$du yfõL$pf (6) ìepk kÞdp_

Ü op_ùW$ yfõL$pf rhjeL$ :Ü op_ùW$ `yfõL$pf cpfs_y„ khp£ÃQ kprlqÐeL$ kçdp_ R>¡, S>¡ cpfsue op_ùW$ Þepk Üpfp

ârshj® A¡_pes \pe R>¡. B.k.196` \u iê$ \e¡gp¡ Ap `yfõL$pf kp¥ â\dhpf dgepgd g¡ML$ Æ.i„L$f Ly$ê$`_¡ A¡_pes \ep¡ lsp¡.

Ü B.k.196`dp„ yfõL$pf fpiu A¡L$ gpM lsu S>¡ hj® f00`dp„ h^pfu_¡ 7 gpM L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu s\p B.k.f011\u s¡ 11 gpM S>¡V$gu L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. kp\¡ ipg `°iqõs`Ó A_¡ hpÁv$¡hu_u ârsdp A¡_pes \pe R>¡.

Ü Ap `yfõL$pf cpfsue k„rh^p__u ApW$du A_yk|Qudp„ Dëg¡Mus ff cpjpAp¡ `¥L$u L$p¡B`Z cpjp_p g¡ML$_¡ âv$p_ \pe R>¡.

Ü B.k.198f kyû Ap `yfõL$pf L$p¡B g¡ML$_u A¡L$g L©$rs_¡ A`®Z \sp¡ lsp¡. `f„sy Ðepfbpv$ s¡ g¡ML$_p kprlÐe n¡Ódp„ k„`|Z® ep¡Nv$p_ bv$g A¡_pes \pe R>¡.

Ü L$¡v$pf_p\tkl Ap yfõL$pf âpá L$f_pf rlÞv$u cpjp_p kprlÐeL$pf R>¡. s¡ |h£ rlÞv$u kprlÐe_p ÅZusp lõspnf kyduÓp_„v$_ `„s, fpd^pfu tkl qv$_L$f, kqÃQv$p_„v$ lufp_„v$ hpÐkpe_ Ao¡e, dlpv$¡hu hdp®, _f¡i dl¡sp, Ly„$hf _pfpeZ, îu gpg iyL$g, AdfL$p„s Ap yfõL$pf\u kçdpq_s \B QyL$ep R>¡.

cpfsue kprlÐe S>Ns_p¡ khp£ÃQ NZpsp¡ op_ùW$ `yfõL$pf cpfsue k„rh^p__u ApW$du A_yk|rQdp„ S>Zph¡gu ff cpjpAp¡ `¥L$u_p g¡ML$_¡ âv$p_ \pe R>¡. hs®dp_ 49dp„ `yfõL$pf (hj® f013 dpV$¡) L$¡v$pf_p\tkl_u `k„v$Nu \hp kp\¡ rlÞv$u cpjpdp„ Ly$g 9 g¡ML$ Ap `yfõL$pf dpV$¡ `k„v$ \ep R>¡. s¡dS> L$Þ_X$-7, bp„Ágp-`, dgepgd-4, DX$uep, Dvy®$, NyS>fpsu-3, Akrdep, dfpW$u, srdg, `„Åbu, s¡g|Ny-f cpjp_p g¡ML$ `yfõL©$s \B QyL$ep R>¡.

kgdp_ fív$u `¡_ t`V$f `yfõL$pf dpV$¡ `k„v$ \epcpfsue op_ùW$_p r_v$£iL$ gugp^f d„X$gp¡BA¡ f0 S>|__p fp¡S>

hj® f013 dpV$¡ A_¡ ¾$ddp„ 49dp„ op_ùW$ yfõL$pf bv$g rlÞv$u L$rh L$¡v$pf_p\tkl_u `k„v$Nu_u Op¡jZp kuspL$p„s dlp`pÓ_u AÂensp ^fphsu k„v$Nu krdrs_u b¡W$L$ bpv$ L$fu lsu.

kdL$prg_ rlÞv$u L$rhsp_p âdyM L$rh A_¡ S>hplfgpg _l¡ê$ e|r_hrk®V$udp„ rlÞv$u rhcpN_p AÂen fl¡gp L$¡v$pf_p\tkl_p¡ S>Þd B.k.1934dp„ DÑfâv$¡i_p brgep rS>ëgp_p QqL$ep Npd Mps¡ \ep¡ lsp¡ A_¡ s¡dZ¡ b_pfk rlÞvy$ e|r_hrk®V$u (hpfpZku)dp„\u hj® 19`6dp„ rlÞv$udp„ A¡d.A¡. A_¡ 1964dp„ ùA¡Q.X$u. _u D`pq^ âpá L$fu lsu.

L$¡v$pf_p\tklg¡ML$p¡_u k„õ\p "HÁgui `¡_' Üpfp B.k.f009dp„ rb°qV$i

_pV$¹eL$pf A_¡ _p¡b¡g `yfõL$pf rhS>¡sp l¡fp¡ëX$ t`V$f_u õd©rsdp„ õ\p`hpdp„ Aph¡gp "`¡_ r`„V$f' yfõL$pf bv$g cpfsue d|m_p A„N°¡Æ g¡ML$ kgdp_ fív$u hj® f014_p Ap `yfõL$pf dpV$¡ `k„v$ \hp_u Op¡jZp `k„v$Nu krdrs Üpfp f0 S|>_¡ \B lsu. Ap `yfõL$pf s¡d_¡ 9 Ap¸L$V$p¡bf f014_p fp¡S> g„X$_ Mps¡_u rb°qV$i gpBb°¡fu_p A¡L$ kdpfp¡ldp„ âv$p_ \i¡.

Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, Ap `yfõL$pf\u V$p¸d õV$p¡`fX$, X$¡rhX$ lf¡, L$pgp£ AÞ_ X$au yfõL©$s \B QyL$ep R>¡.

¦ kgdp_ fív$u cpfsue d|m_p A¡L$ A„N°¡Æ g¡ML$ R>¡ A_¡ Ad¡qfL$pdp„ Þe|ep¡L®$ il¡f_p r_hpku R>¡.

¦ kgdp_ fív$u_¡ `¡_ t`V$f `yfõL$pf s¡d_p DÐL©$ô$ kprlqÐeL$ L$pe® A_¡ ArcìeqL$s_u õhs„Ósp_y„ kd\®_ L$fhp bv$g A¡_pes \i¡.kgdp_ fív$u_u ApÐdL$\p "Å¸k¡a A¢V$_' R>¡.

¦ D`Þepk "rdX$_pBV$¹k rQëX²$_' bv$g hj® f008dp„ byL$f âpBT\u kçdpr_s \ep lsp.kgdp_ fív$u s¡d_p D`Þepk "^ k¡spr_L$ hk}k' dpV$¡ M|b S> QQp®dp„ füp lsp. S>¡_p¡ dyqõgdp¡ Üpfp rhfp¡^ \ep¡ lsp¡.

¦ Ap D`Þepk bv$g Bfp__p ^prd®L$ _¡sp Apepsp¡ëgpl M¥pd¡_uA¡ kgdp_ fív$u kpd¡ B.k.1989dp„ ashp¡ Åfu L$ep£ lsp¡.

¦

¦

¦

kgdp

_ fí

v$u

ü Ap¸õV²$¡rgep_p d¡gbp¡_® Mps¡ hksp cpfsue d|m_p d_râstk„l_¡ f` S|>_¡ A¡L$ kdpfp¡ldp„ "Ap„sffpô²$ue f¡qX$ep¡ `yfõL$pf'\u kçdpr_s L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp. s¡d_¡ Ap `yfõL$pf `qfhpf A_¡ Of¡g| tlkp f s¡d_y h©ÑrQÓ (X$p¡L$e|d¡ÞV$fu) "^ A¡r_du rhr^_' bv$g âv$p_ \ep¡ lsp¡.

ü ^ A¡r_du rhr^_' h©ÑrQÓ drlgpAp¡_p Ar^L$pfp¡ A_¡ dyv«pAp¡ ârs hû fl¡gu ÅN©rs A_¡ kdS>v$pfu dpV$¡ hj® f013dp„ Ap¸õV²$¡rgepB duqX$ep_p "k„eyL$s fpô²$ k„O' `yfõL$pf\u `yfõL©$s L$fhpdp„ Apìey R>¡.

ü Þe|ep¡L®$dp„ Ap„sffpô²$ue f¡qX$ep¡ a¡qõV$hgdp„ fS>s `v$L$ dpV$¡ `k„v$ \ey lsy. s¡dS> Ap h©srQÓ "hp¸L$g¡ yfõL$pf' dpV$¡ Z _prds \B QyL$ey R>¡.

d_râstkl "Ap„sffpô²$ue f¡qX$ep¡ `yfõL$pf\u kçdpr_s'

kpdpÞe fus¡ `yfõL$pf kdpfp¡l S>¡hu bpbsp¡\u A„sf b_phu fpMsp ApdufMp__¡ õV$pf `qfhpf `yfõL$pf kdpfp¡ldp„ "kÐed¡h S>es¡' Üpfp kdpS> âÐe¡ ep¡Nv$p_ bv$g kçdpr_s L$fu_¡ V²$p¡au_¡ bvg¡ duW$pB_p¡ X$åbp¡ âv$p_ \ep¡ lsp¡.

ApdufMp__¡ A¡hp¡X® bv$g rdW$pB_p¡ X$åbp¡


k„eyL$s Apfb Adufps Mps¡ cpfsue kdyv$pe_u kp„õL©$rsL$ A_¡ kprlqÐeL$ NrsrhrÂp¡_¡ h^pfhp_p l¡sy\u B.k.f000dp„ rQfp„\p_p L$ëQf ap¡fd Üpfp rQfp„\p_p duqX$ep A¡hp¡X®$_u iê$Aps L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu.

hj® f013 dpV$¡ Ap `yfõL$pf k„eyL$s Apfb Adufps_p Qpf cpfsue `ÓL$pf k_ui _p„rbepf, A_hf Ag lL$L$ A¡d.e|., rgep¡ fp^pL©$óZ_ A_¡ kpqv$L$ L$¡rhg_¡ vy$bB Mps¡ f1 S|>__p fp¡S> âv$p_ \ep¡ lsp¡. s¡d_¡ Ap `yfõL$pf p¡sp_p L$pe®_p dpÂed\u âhpkuAp¡_u dv$v$ L$fhp bv$g A¡_pes \ep¡ R>¡.

cpfsdp„ S>Þd¡gp h_õ`rs h¥opr_L$ Ad¡qfL$u k„S>e fpÅfpd_¡ lqfs ¾$p„rs bpv$ h¥[ðL$ õsf¡ $OD„ DÐ`pv$_dp„ f0 L$fp¡X$ V$_\u h^y h©qÂ^dp„ ep¡Nv$p_ Ap`hp bv$g ârs[›$s hëX®$ ayX$ A¡hp¡X®$\u kçdp_ L$fhp_u Op¡jZp 19 S|>_¡ \B lsu. k„S>e fpÅfpd hs®dp_dp„ d¡qL$kL$p¡_p _pNqfL$ R>¡.

k„S>e fpÅfpd¡ ius A_¡ hk„s ê$sy_u OJ_u Ås_y„ kam k„L$f _kg s¥epf L$ey® R>¡. Ap b„_¡ ê$sy_u _kg A¡L$buÅ L$fsp rcÞ_ lsu. s¡dZ¡ s¥epf L$f¡gu Ap _kg h^y DÐ`pv$_ ndsp A_¡ ìep`L$ Ap_yh„riL$ Ap^pf fph¡ R>¡. s¡d_p Üpfp rhL$rks 480\u Ar^L$ DÃQ D`S> ^fphsu OD„_u k„L$f Ås vy$r_ep_p 6 M„X$p¡_p `1 S>¡V$gp v$¡ip¡dp„ Åfu \B lsu. S>¡_¡ _p_p dp¡V$p v$f¡L$ M¡X|$sp¡A¡ ìep`L$`Z¡ A`_phu lsu.

B.k.1986\u Ad¡qfL$p Mps¡ hëX®$ ayX$ A¡hp¡X®$_u iê$Aps _p¡b¡g ip„rs yfõL$pf rhS>¡sp X$p¸._p¡fd_ bp¡fgp¡N¡ L$fu lsu. "hëX$® ayX$ A¡hp¡X®$' k„õ\p Üpfp A¡_pes \sp Ap yfõL$pf bv$g k„S>e fpÅfpd_¡ f,`0,000 X$p¸gf_u fL$d A`®Z \i¡. hs®dp_dp„ k„õ\p_p AÂen L$¥_¡\ A¡d L$hu_ R>¡.

cpfsdp„ S>Þd¡gp h¥opr_L$ k„S>e fpÅfpd_¡ hj® f014_y„ rhð

OJ_y„ rhriô$ kam k„L$f:

hëX®$ ayX$ A¡hp¡X$® (rhð MpÛ kçdp_)

rQfp„\p_p duqX$ep A¡hp¡X®$-f013

V$pV$p N©`_p |h® AÂen fs_p V$pV$p L$¡_¡X$p_u ep¡L®$ e|q_hrk®V$udp„ L$p_|__u X$p¸L$V$f¡V$_u dp_v$¹ D`pr^\u kçdpr_s \ep lsp. s¡d_¡ Ap kçdp_ L$p¡`p£f¡V$$ kp¡ig S>hpbv$pfu_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ L$fhpdp„ s¡d_u c|rdL$p bv$g ep¡L®$ e|r_hrk®V$u_p iyrgQ õL|$g Ap¸a qbT_¡k Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s f014 v$unp„s kdpfp¡ldp„ f0 S>|_¡ kçdp_ âv$p_ \ey lsy.

fs_ V$pV$p kçdpr_s \ep

_p¡h£_p `|h® hX$pâ^p_ N°p¡ lpg£d b°|_g¦X$ â\d "s¢N âpBT B_ kõV$¡_¡bg X$¡hg`d¡ÞV$'dpV$¡ _prds \hp_u `k„v$Nu krdrs Üpfp 18 S|>_¡ Op¡jZp L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. s¡d_¡ Ap yfõL$pf kss rhL$pkdp„ "Np¡X$d^f'_p ê$`¡ s¡d_p L$pe® bv$g âv$p_ \i¡.

"A¡riep_p¡ _p¡bg `yfõL$pf' sfuL$¡ `Z ÅZusp Ap `yfõL$pf_u õ\p`_p B.k._p qX$k¡çbf$ dpkdp„ X$p¸.k¥dyAg re_¡ L$fu lsu. Ap `yfõL$pf Qpf S>¡V$gu î¡ZuAp¡ S>¡hu L$¡, e\p-kss rhL$pk, bpep¡apdp®kyqV$L$g rhop_, Qu_u cpjp_y„ op_, L$p_|__y„ ipk_dp„ âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. yfõL$pf A„sN®s âÐe¡L$ î¡Zudp„ rhS>¡sp_¡ A¡L$ rdrge_ yfõL$pf X$p¸gf_u fL$d Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

L$¡qÞÖe drlgp A_¡ bpm rhL$pk d„Óu d¡_L$p Np„ûA¡ 11

S>|__p fp¡S> L$f¡gu Op¡jZp dyS>b v$¡i_p âÐe¡L$ rS>ëgpdp„ âqs hj® A¡L$ drlgp_¡ rhrcÞ_ n¡Ódp„

s¡dZ¡ Ap`¡gp ep¡Nv$p_ bv$g `yfõL©$s L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡. kçdpr_s drlgpAp¡_p ep¡Nv$p__¡ dpÞesp Ap`hp s\p

drlgpAp¡_p dyv«pAp¡ s\p kiqL$sL$fZ_u qv$ipdp„ Dëg¡M_ue ep¡Nv$p_ bv$g v$¡i_p âÐe¡L$ rS>ëgpdp„\u A¡L$ drlgp_¡ 8 dpQ® Ap„sffpô²$ue drlgp qv$hk¡ `yfõL©$s L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡. `yfõL$pf õhê$`¡ f`,000_u fp¡L$X$ s\p âiqõs `Ó A¡_pes \i¡. `yfõL$pf dpV$¡_u k„v$Nu rS>ëgp õsfue krdrsAp¡ Üpfp \i¡.

kdpS>dp„ dqlgpAp¡_y„ d_p¡bm h^pfhp A_¡ s¡d_p S>¡hy L$pe® L$fhp AÞe drlgpAp¡_¡ â¡fZp dm¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_u A¡L$ Ap¡mM b_¡ s¡ dpV$¡ L$¡qÞÖe drlgp A_¡ bpm rhL$pk d„Ópge Üpfp

Op¡rjs Ap `yfõL$pf ep¡S>_p_p¡ dy¿e l¡sy kpdyv$preL$ rhL$pk_u qv$ipdp„ õ\p_ue õsf¡ k„Qprgs

NrsqhrÂp¡dp„ dqlgpAp¡_¡ cpN g¡hp dpV$¡ `°¡qfs L$fhp_p¡ R>¡.

v$¡i_p âÐe¡L$ rS>ëgpdp„ âqshj® A¡L$ drlgp kçdpr_s \i¡ â\d "s¢N âpBT B_

kõV$¡_¡bg X$¡hg`d¡ÞV$' bv$g _p¡h£_p `|h® hX$pâ^p_ N°p¡ lpg£d b°|_g¦X$ _prds

s¢N `°pBT

S>d®_u_p QpÞk¡gf A¡ÞS>¡gp dpL$£g_¡ ap¡åk®_u rhð_u kp¥\u iqL$sipmu drlgpAp¡_u k|Qu f014dp„ V$p¡Q_y„ õ\p_ âpá \ey R>¡. s¡Ap¡ kss Qp¡\p hj£ Ap k|Qudp„ kp¥\u V$p¡Q_p õ\p_ D`f Aphhp kp\¡ Ly$g 9 hpf Ap k|Qudp„ õ\p_ pdu Q|L$ep R>¡.

ap¡åk®_u 100 kp¥\u iqL$sipmu drlgpAp¡_u k|Qudp„ cpfsdp„ S>Þd¡gp BÞÖ _|eu 13dp„ õ\p_¡ A_¡ rkõL$p¡_p dy¿e V$¡¼¹_pgp¸Æ A_¡ fZ_urs Ar^L$pfu Úîu hpqfef 71dp„ õ\p_¡, õV$¡V$ b¢L$_p AÂen Aê$^„su cË$pQpe®-36dp„, ApB.ku.ApB.ku.ApB. b¢L$_p âb„^ r_v$£iL$ Q„v$p L$p¡Qf-43dp„ õ\p_¡ A_¡ bpep¡L$p¸_ k„õ\p`L$ qL$fZ dS|>dv$pf ip¸ 9fdp„ õ\p_¡ füp lsp.

ap¡åk®_u kp¥\u irL$sipmu drlgpAp¡_u k|Qudp„ A¡ÞS>¡gp dpL$£g V$p¡Q_p õ\p_¡

Ad¡qfL$p_p â¿eps ap¡åk® d¡N¡qT_ Üpfp kp¥\u Aduf 100 M¡gpX$uAp¡_u h¥[ðL$ kyQu-f014dp„ Ad¡qfL$p_p dyL$L$¡bpS> agpe¡X$ d¡h¡v$f â\d s\p b°pÆg_p ayV$bp¡gf fp¡_pëX$p¡ buÅ A_¡ Ad¡qfL$p_p bpõL$¡V$ bp¡g M¡gpX$u g¡b°p¡_ S>¡çk ÓuÅ õ\p_¡ füp lsp. Ap k|Qudp„ A¡L$ cpfsue A¡hp dl¡ÞÖtkl ^p¡_u 1fdp„ õ\p_¡ füp lsp. k|Qu A_ykpf sd_u Ly$g L$dpZu 3 L$fp¡X$ Ad¡rfL$u X$p¸gf R>¡. s¡dS> h¡s_ A_¡ Ål¡fps_p ¡dpÂed\u s¡dZ¡ Ly$g f014 kyûdp„ 40 gpM Ad¡qfL$u X$p¸gf_u L$dpZu L$fu lsu.

ap¡åk®_u kp¥\u Aduf 100 M¡gpX$uAp¡_u k|Qu


dpÓ kps hj®_u he_u f¡su f ApL©$rsAp¡ b_phhp_y„ iê$ L$f_pf A_¡ AÐepf kyûdp„ Ak„¿e f¡s L$gpL©$rsAp¡ b_phu QyL$_pf Ap¡qX$kp fpS>e_p yfu Mps¡ hksp

L$gpL$pf kyv$i®_ `V$_peL$ Ad¡rfL$p_p A¡V$gp„qV$L$ rkV$u Mps¡ f7 S|>_¡ hëX®$L$` Ap¸a k¦X$ õ L $ ë ` q V „ $ N -f014dp„ r``ëk Qp¡Bk `yfõL$pf rhS>¡sp bÞep lsp. s ¡dZ¡ ` yfõL$pf k¡h V²$u, k¡h ^

ae|Qf L$pe® bv$g âpá \ep¡ lsp¡.Ap hëX®$L$` Ad¡qfL$pdp„ Apep¡rS>s \_pf â\d hëX$®L$` lsp¡. ârsep¡rNsp_u

iê$Aps 19 S|>_¡ \B lsu. S>¡dp„ rhð_p f0 S>¡V$gp â¿eps f¡s L$gpL$pfp¡A¡ cpN gu^p¡ lsp¡. âÐe¡L$ L$gpL$pfp¡_¡ p¡sp_u L$gpL©$rs b_phhp dpV$¡ 10 V$_ f¡su A_¡ 30 L$gpL$ S>¡V$gp¡ kde Ap`hpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. kyv$i®_ `V$_peL$¡ Ad¡qfL$u L$gpL$pf d¥Õe| fp¡e kp\¡ eyNg hN®dp„ `Z cpN gu^p¡ lsp¡. b„_¡A¡ dmu_¡ f¡s `f spS>dl¡g_u L$gpL©$qs b_phu lsu. eyNg î¡Zudp„ s¡Ap¡ p„Qdp„ õ\p_¡ füp lsp.

Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, kyv$i®_ `V$_peL$ hs®dp_ dyv«pAp¡ A_¡ kpdprS>L$ ÅN©rs k„b„û rhjeL$ f¡su_u L$gpL©$rsAp¡ b_phhp dpV$¡ ÅZusp R>¡.

"'

hëX®$L$` Ap¸a k¦X$ õL$ë`qV„$N-f014- r``ëk Qp¡Bk yfõL$pfdp„ kyv$i®_ V$_peL$ rhS>¡sp

`pqL$õsp_u qL$ip¡fu dgpgp e|kyaS>B_¡ ragpX$¡rëaep Mps¡ _¡i_g L$p¸qÞõV$¹e|i_ k¢V$f_p¡ "rgbV$} d¡X$g' A¡_pes L$fhp_u Op¡jZp \B R>¡. S>¡ f1 Ap¸L$V$p¡bf¡ A¡L$ kdpfp¡ldp„ A¡_pes L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡.

B.k.1989\u ârs hj® âv$p_ \sp¡ "rgbV$} d¡X$g' pR>gp hj£ sÐL$prg_ Ad¡qfL$u rhv$¡i d„Óu qlg¡fu qL$g„V$__¡ A¡_pes \ep¡ lsp¡.

"rgbV$} d¡X$g' dgpgp e|kyaSy>B_¡ _pd¡

gv«pM Ap„sffpô$ue raëd dlp¡Ðkh_y„ ÓuSy> k„õL$fZ f7 S>y_ \u f9 S|_ v$fqdep_ S>çd|-L$píduf_p g¡l Mps¡ ep¡Åey lsy. S>¡dp„ `0 \u h^y raëdp¡_y„ õ¾$uq_„N L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. S>¡dp„ bp¡guhyX$, A_¡ L$p¡rfepB raëdp¡ kpd¡g lsu. dlp¡Ðkhdp„ bp¡guhyX$_u "L$paufp¡ L$u _dpT' (^ hrS®>_ ApÁe|®d¢V$¹k)_¡ Qpf A_¡ Bfp_u "h¥V$ g¥V$k®'_¡ ÓZ yfõL$pf âpá \ep lsp.

- kh®î¡›$ q_v$£iL$ (gOy raëd) : rhcpfu ìepL|$m- S>e|fu N°p„X$ yfõL$pf : ìlpBV$ h¥_ õV$p¡fuS> - îug„L$p- kh®î¡›$ h©ÑrQÓ raëd : fp¡L$ X$pëV$_ - g¡V$¹k i|V$ _pBV$-L$e|bp- N°p„X$ S>e|fu yfõL$pf : lp¡d L$tdN-h¡_¡T|A¡gp- b¡õV$ X$¡åe| : hrS®>_ ApÁe|®d¡ÞV$k-cpfs- kh®î¡›$ Aqc_¡Óu : h¥V$ g¡V$k®-Bfp_- kh®î¡›$ Arc_¡sp : Apgp¡L$ Qsyh£v$u A_¡ v$¡f Q„Ölpk rshpf (^ hrS®>_ ApÁe®|d¡ÞV$¹k-cpfs)- kh®î¡›$ R>pep„L$_ : h¥V$ g¡V$k® - Bfp_- kh®î¡›$ V$L$\p : hrS®>_ ApÁe®|d¢V$¹k- kh®î¡›$ r_v$£iL$ : h¥V$ g¡V$k® - Bfp_- kh®î¡›$ raQf : hrS®>_ ApÁe|®d¡„V$¹k-cpfs

gv«pM Ap„sffpô²$ue raëd dlp¡Ðkh_„y ÓuSy> k„õL$fZ

`yfõL$pf âpáuL$sp®

kçdp_ rhjeL$ :_¡`p¡rge_ bp¡_p`pV®$ Üpfp 19 d¡ 180f_p fp¡S>

õ\p`hpdp„ Aph¡gp "Ap¸rakf Ap¸a ^ guS>_ Ap¸a Ap¸_f' äp„k_y kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ kçdp_ R>¡. S>¡ `p„Q qX$N°udp„ rhcpÆs R>¡. (1) i¡h¡rgef (_pBV$), (f) Ap¸rakf (Ap¸rakf), (3) L$dp„X$¹e|f (L$dp„X$f), (4) N°p„X$ Ap¸rakf (N°p„X$ Ap¡rakf) (`) N°p„X$ ¾$p¡BL$k (N°p„X$ ¾$p¸k)

kçdpr_s \_pf iplê$MMp_ Ardspc bÃQ_ bpv$ buÅ Arc_¡sp :

bp¡guhyX$_p bpv$ipl iplê$MMp__¡ s¡d_p rk_¡dpdp„ Ap`¡gp ep¡Nv$p_ bv$g äp„k Üpfp "guS>_ Ap¸a Ap¸_ffu Ar^L$pfu' sfuL$¡ 30 S|>_¡ äp„k_p rhv$¡i d„Óu gp¥f¡V$ a¥rbek_u cpfs epÓp v$frdep_ kçdpr_s L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp. Ap kçdp_ äp„k A_¡ rhv$¡iu _pNqfL$p¡_¡ äp„k Üpfp âv$p_ \sy kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ kçdp_ R>¡.

Ap kçdp_\u kçdpr_s \_pf iplê$MMp_ dlp_peL$ Ardspc bÃQ_ bpv$ buÅ bp¡guhyX$ Arc_¡sp R>¡. Ardspc bÃQ_ hj® f007dp„ Ap `yfõL$pf\u kçdpr_s \ep lsp. ANpD gsp d„N¡iL$f A_¡ kÐÆs f¡ Z Ap kçdp_ °pá L$fu QyL$ep R>¡.

"guS>_ Ap¸a Ap¡_f' - iplê$MMp_ kçdpr_s

Qu__p fpô²$`rs iu rT_t`N¡ "`„Qiug' rkÂ^p„s_u 60du hj®Np„W$_p Ahkf¡ Qu__p N°¡V$ lp¡g Ap¸a ù`gdp„ Apep¡rS>s kdpfp¡ldp„ cpfs_p D`fpô²$`rs A¡d.lrdv$ A„kpfu s\p çep„dpf_p fpô²$`rs \¡_ k¡__u lpS>fudp„ kd|lp¡ s\p ìeqL$s rhi¡j Üpfp `„Qiug rkÂ^p„sp¡_p `p„Q rkÂ^p„sp¡dp„ ep¡Nv$p_ Ap`hp s\p s¡ âL$pf_p l¡sy\u h^y_¡ h^y gp¡L$p¡ Å¡X$pe s¡ dpV$¡ â¡qfs L$f_pf dpV$¡ kl AqõsÐh p„Q rkÂ^p„s rdÓsp yfõL$pf A_¡ qióeh©rÑ_u Op¡jZp f9 S|>_¡ L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu.

`„Qiug k„r^_u hj®Np„W$_p D`gÿedp„ cpfs A_¡ Qu_ Üpfp hj® f014_¡ "d¥Óu `|Z® Apv$p_ âv$p_ hj®' Op¡rjs L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. `„Qiug_u 60du hj®Np„W$_p Ahkf¡ k„Nus _pV$L$ AL$pv$du Üpfp Qu_ Mps¡ "[Ágçk¡S> Ap¸a BqÞX$ep a¡qõV$hg' A„sN®s A¡L$ L$pe®¾$d âõsys L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡.

`„Qiug rkÂ^p„s_u iê$Aps cpfs_p `|h® hX$pâ^p_ S>hplfgpg _l¡ê$ A_¡ Qu__p sÐL$prg_ hX$pâ^p_ QpD A¡_gpB Üpfp hj® 19`4dp„ \B lsu. bpv$dp„ çep„dpf Üpfp Z Ap rkÂ^p„s A`_phhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. Ap `p„Q rkÂ^p„s _uQ¡ v$ip®ìep âdpZ¡_p R>¡.(1) k„âcysp A_¡ n¡Óue AM„X$sp_y„ fõ`f kÞdp_ L$fhy.(f) fõ`f ê$`¡ Ap¾$dL$ _ \hy(3) A¡L$buÅ_u Ap„sqfL$ bpbsp¡dp„ v$Mg _ v$¡hu(4) kdsp A_¡ fõ`f gpc(`) ip„rs`|Z® klAqõsÐh

V$¥N `yfõL$pf apDÞX$¡i_ Üpfp 18 S|>_¡ â\d V$¥N `yfõL$pf Qpf S>¡V$gu î¡ZuAp¡dp„ Ål¡f L$ep® lsp,$ S>¡ _uQ¡ v$ip®ìep âdpZ¡ R>¡.

(1) kss rhL$pk : Ap î¡Zu_p `yfõL$pf bv$g _p¡h£_p `|h® hX$pâ^p_ N°p¡ lpg£d b°y_g¡ÞX$_¡ kss rhL$pk A_¡ _¡s©Ðhdp„ L$pe®Þhl_ bv$g âv$p_ \ep¡.

(f) Qu_u cpjp op_ :Qu_u Ad¡qfL$u BrslpkL$pf e| teN ril_¡ Qu_u bp¥qÂ^L$, fpS>_uqsL$ A_¡

kp„õL©$rsL$ Brslpk A_¡ Qu_dp„ kph®S>r_L$ byqÂ^ÆhuAp¡_p Brslpkdp„ Nl_ k„ip¡^_ Ap`hp_u dlpfs bv$g Ap î¡Zu_p¡ yfõL$pf âv$p_ \ep¡.

(3) bpep¡ apdp®õe|qV$L$g rhop_ :Ad¡qfL$p_p S>¡çk ù.A¡guk_ A_¡ Å`p__p skyLy$ lp¢Å¡_¡ L$¡Þkf kpd¡ gX$hp dpV$¡ iqL$sipmu âqsfnp âZpgu_p âpf„rcL$ QfZ kdp_ ku.V$u.A¡g.A¡.-4 A_¡ ù.X$u.-1 ip¡^ bv$g kçdpr_s L$fhpdp„ Apìep. S>¡ Bçdy_p¡ \¡fpù_u iê$Aps R>¡.

(4) L$p_|__y„ ipk_ :v$rnZ ApräL$p_p k„h¡^pr_L$ Þepepge_p `|h® Þeped|qs® A¡ëgu kpfk_¡

vy$r_epcfdp„ dp_h Ar^L$pfp¡ A_¡ Þepe dpV$¡_p s¡d_p ep¡Nv$p_ bv$g kçdpr_s L$fhpdp„ Apìep. f„Nc¡v$ kpd¡ gX$hp p¡sp_y„ |Z® Æh_ A`®Z L$f_pf A¡ëguA¡ v$.ApräL$p_y„ _hy k„rh^p_ gMhpdp„ Z dv$v$ L$f¡gu R>¡.

`yfõL$pf rhjeL$ :Ap `yfõL$pf dp_hsp Üpfp Ap^yq_L$ S>rV$g rhðdp„ kpd_p¡ L$fu iL$psp `X$L$pfp¡_¡

âqsqb„rbs L$fhp âp¡Ðkpqls L$f¡ R>¡. Ap `yfõL$pfdp„ A¡hu î¡ZuAp¡ kpd¡g L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡ S>¡ _p¡b¡g yfõL$pfdp„ kpd¡g _\u.

qX$k¡çbf f01fdp„ spBhp__p dyX$u`rs X$p¸.k¥dyAg rQ_¡ V$¥N yfõL$pf apJX$¡i__u õ\p`_p L$fu lsu. S>¡ spBhp_dp„ âv$p_ \sp¡ â\d Ap„sffpô²$ue AL$pv$rdL$ yfõL$pf R>¡. S>¡_u iê$Aps hs®dp_ hj®\u \B R>¡. `yfõL$pf_p¡ l¡sy _hu_sp_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ A_¡ k„b„r^s n¡Ódp„ ârscpAp¡_y pjZ A_¡ rhL$pk L$fhp_p¡ R>¡.

V$¥N `yfõL$pf-f014

"kl AqõsÐh dpV$¡ `p„Q rkÝ^p„s rdÓsp yfõL$pf A_¡ rióeh©rÑ'

`„Qiug rkÂ^p„s


Np¡hp ¾$p„rs qv$hk : 18 S|>_18 S|>_ 1946_p fp¡S> X$p¸.fpdd_p¡lf gp¡rlep Üpfp Np¡hp_p

gp¡L$p¡_¡ p¡Vy®$rNÅ¡\u dyqL$s d¡mhhp AhpS> DW$phhp â¡qfs L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp. 18 S|>_¡ \e¡gu Ap ¾$p„rsA¡ Np¡hp_u ApTpv$u_u gX$s_¡ dS>bys b_phu_¡ ApNm h^pfu lsu. A_¡ Ap gX$s gp„bp kde kyû Qpgu lsu. 1 9 q X $ k ¡ ç b f

1 9 6 1 _ p f p ¡ S > cpfsue k ¡_pA ¡ Np¡hp `f Ap¾$dZ L $ f u _ ¡ s ¡ _ ¡ ` p ¡ V y ® $ N u Å ¡ _ p A p r ^ ` Ð e d p „ \ u dyL$s L$fpìey A_¡ cpfsdp „ kpd ¡g L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. dpV$¡ âÐe¡L$ hj®¡ 18 S|>__p qv$hk¡ Np¡hp

¾$p„rs qv$hk sfuL$¡ DS>hhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. A_¡ Ap Ahkf `f A_¡L$ L$pe®¾$dp¡_y„ Apep¡S>_ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. hs®dp_ hj£ `Z fpS>eõsf_p¡ dy¿e kdpfp¡l `ZÆ_p ApTpv$ d¡v$p_ Mps¡ ep¡Åep¡ lsp¡. S>ep„ fpS>e`pg cfshuf hp„Qy_p _¡s©Ðh sm¡ dy¿ed„Óu d_p¡lf `qfL$f_u lpS>fudp„ fpS>e_p gp¡L$p¡A¡ Np¡hp_u ApTpv$u dpV$¡ `p¡sp_p Æh__y„ brgv$p_ Ap`_pfpAp¡_y„ õdfZ L$fu_¡ s¡_¡ îÂ^pkyd_ A`®Z L$ep® lsp.

rhð k„Nus qv$hkgp¡L$p¡_p¡ k„Nus âÐe¡_p¡ °¡d A_¡ rhðpk Ap¡R>p¡ _ \pe s¡ dpV$¡ ÅN©rÑ gphhp_p Dv«¡i\u f1 S|>__p qv$hk_¡ rhð

k„Nus qv$hk sfuL$¡ DS>hhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. S>¡_¡ k„Nus kdpfp¡l sfuL$¡ Z Ap¡mMhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.Ad¡qfL$p_p A¡L$ k„NusL$pf ep¡A¡g L$p¡l¡_ Üpfp B.k.1976dp„ Ap qv$hk d_phhp_u hps L$l¡hpdp„ Aphu lsu.

`f„sy s¡_u DS>hZu_u iê$Aps äp„kdp„ â\dhpf f1 Sy>_ 198f_p fp¡S> L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. ApS>¡ rhð k„Nus qv$hk 110 v$¡ip¡dp„ DS>hhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

âÐe¡L$ hj®¡ f1 S|>_¡ DS>hhpdp„ Aphsp rhïh k„Nus rv$hk_¡ "a¡V$¡ X$u gp çe|qTL$' A\p®s çeyrTL$ a¡õV$uhg sfuL$¡ `Z Ap¡mMhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. rhð k„Nus qv$hk_u DS>hZu_¡ L$pfZ¡ AgN AgN fus¡ çe|qTL$ âp¡`N¡ÞX$p s¥epf L$fhp kp\¡ k„Nus r_óZp„s A_¡ _hp L$gpL$pfp¡ A¡L$ d„Q f Aph¡ R>¡.

dp_hsp_u k¡hp L$fhp_u S>hpbv$pfu qõhL$pf_pf A_¡ S>_sp_u k¡hp k„õ\p_p¡dp„ DÐL©$ô$sp A_¡ _hu_uL$fZ dpV$¡ ep¡Nv$p_ Ap`_pf_¡ s\p ârshj® Ap„sffpô²$ue õsf¡ DÐL©$ô$ L$pe® L$f_pf k„õ\pAp¡_¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$ S>_ k¡hp `yfõL$pf\u kçdpr_s L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, hj® f013_u DS>hZu_p¡ rhje `qfhs®_L$pfu B-Nh_®d¡ÞV$ A_¡ Arc_h : v$f¡L$_¡ dpV$¡ A¡L$ bl¡sf crhóe_y„ r_dp®Z lsp¡. s¡dS> yfõL$pf bl¡fu__u fpS>^p_u d_pdp Mps¡ f4 \u f7 S|>_ v$frdep_ Apep¡rS>s kdpfp¡ldp„ âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, B.k.f00fdp„ k„eyL$s fpô²$ dlpkcpA¡ f3 S|>__¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$ gp¡L$k¡hp qv$hk õhê$`¡ DS>hhp_u Op¡jZp L$fu lsu.

Ap qv$hk_u DS>hZu eyhpAp¡_¡ gp¡L$k¡hp rhjeL$ L$pfqL$v$} b_phhp dpV$¡ â¡qfs L$f¡ R>¡. k„eyL$s fpô²$ Ap qv$hk¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$ gp¡L$ k¡hp A¡hp¡X®$ âv$p_ L$f¡ R>¡. S>¡ gp¡L$ k¡hp n¡Ó_p¡ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue yfõL$pf R>¡.

"'

k„eyL$s fpô²$ gp¡L$k¡hp qv$hk

hj® f014_p Ap qv$hk_p¡ fpô²$ue õsf¡ dy¿e kdpfp¡l _hu qv$ëlu_p rhop_ ch_ Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. S>¡ ¾$ddp„ ApW$dp¡ lsp¡¡. Ap qv$hk_p Ahkf¡ âp¸. ù.hu. kyMpÐd¡_p kçdp_dp„ fpô²$ue Ap„L$X$p `yfõL$pf õ\p`hpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. S>¡ A„sN®s â\d yfõL$pf fpô²$ue _d|_p kh£nZ L$pgp®ge_p |h® dlpr_v$£iL$ A_¡ L$pe®L$pfu Ar^L$pfu X$p¸. A¡_.A¡k. ip÷u_¡ âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡.

Ö dlpg_p¡rbk_p S>Þd qv$hk f9 S|>_¡ âÐe¡L$ hj®¡ s¡dZ¡ Ap`¡gp ep¡Nv$p_ bv$g cpfs kfL$pf õV$¡V$uõV$uL$ qv$hk sfuL$¡ DS>h¡ R>¡. S>¡ fpóV²$ue õsf¡ DS>hhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡,hj® f013_p Ahkf¡ â¸p. ku.Apf.fph_p kçdp_ bv$g âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Aphsp¡ _¡i_g õV$¡V$uõV$uL$ A¡hp¡X®$ cpfsue qfTh® b¡ÞL$_p â¿eps Ap„L$X$pip÷u X$p¸. Arcdp_ v$pk_¡ âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. Ap„L$X$p A_¡ L$pe®¾$d L$pep®Þhe s\p fkpeZ d„Óu îuL$p„s Lydpf S>¥_pA¡ X$p¸. Arcdp_ v$pk_¡ ipg, b¡ gpM_u fp¡L$X$ A_¡ âirõs `Ó B_pd õhê$`¡ Ar`®s L$ep® lsp. hj® f013_p¡ rhje îd A_¡ fp¡S>Npf Ap„L$X$pip÷ lsp¡. Ap qv$hk¡ v$¡icfdp„ k„g‚ d„Ópge, fpÄe kfL$pfp¡, fpô²$ue ârsv$i® kh£nZ_p v$¡icfdp„ Aph¡gp L$pep®gep¡, cpfsue Ap„L$X$pL$ue k„õ\p_, e|r_hrk®V$uAp¡ rhN¡f¡dp„ k„Np¡[›$Ap¡, hpv$-rhhpv$ QQp®Ap¡, k„d¡g_p¡, âñp¡Ñf L$pe®¾$dp¡, ìepMp_p¡, r_b„^ âqsep¡rNspAp¡ rhN¡f¡_p dpÂed\u DS>hhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Ap qv$hk_¡ DS>hhp_p¡ l¡sy kpdprS>L$-Apr\®L$ r_ep¡S>_ A_¡ _urs r_^p®fZdp„ âp¸. âip„s Ö dlpg_p¡rbk_u c|rdL$p rhj¡ S>_sp A_¡ Mpk L$fu_¡ eyhp_p¡dp„ ÅN©rs S>Nphu_¡ s¡d_¡ â¡fZp Ap`hp_p¡ R>¡.

Apr\®L$ ep¡S>_p A_¡ Ap„L$X$pip÷ rhL$pk_p n¡Ó¡ âip„s Q„

Q„

f3 S|>_ 1984dp„ `¡qfk Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s Ap^yr_L$ Ap¡g„qç`L$ M¡g_u iê$Aps_¡ gÿedp„ fpMu_¡ rhðcfdp„ f3 S|>_¡ rhð Ap¡g„rç`L$ qv$hk¡ rhð_p âÐe¡L $ MyZpdp „ Ap¡g„qç`L$_p Apv$ip£_p¡ âQpf L$fhpdp„ dv$v$ L$fu R>¡. Ap

qv$hk¡ Ak„¿e eyhp_p¡, h©Â^p¡, `°v$i®_, v$p¥X$, k„„Nus A_¡ i¥nrZL$ k¡rd_pf õhê$`¡ ep¡Åsu NrsrhrÂp¡dp„ fk`|h®L$ cpN g¡ R>¡.

Ap„sffpô²$ue Ap¡g„qç`L$ qv$hk DS>hZu_u iê$Aps Ap„sffpô²$ue Ap¡g„qç`L$ krdrs Üpfp B.k.1948dp„ qõhV$¹Tg¡ÞX$_p il¡f k¡ÞV$ dp¡qfÐS> Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s krdrs_p 4fdp„ kÓ v$fqdep_ r_Z®e L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡ L$¡ rhðcfdp„ âÐe¡L$ hj® Ap k„NW$__u fQ_p_u rsr\`f f3 S|>__p qv$hk¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue Ap¡g„qç`L$ qv$hk DS>hhpdp„ Aphi¡.

Ap„sffpô²$ue Ap¡g„qç`L$ qv$hk :

f3 S|>_

f9 S|>_¡ õV$¡V$uõV$uL$ X$¡ DS>hpep¡hj® 2014_p¡ rhje: "k¡hpn¡Ó_p Ap„L$X$p'

rhð k„Nus rv$hk-f1 S|>_k„Nus A¡V$g¡ iy„ ? Å¡ Ap âñ_p¡ DÑf „qX$s kpf„Nv$¡h Üpfp frQs

N„°\"k„Nus fÐ_pL$f' A_ykpf d¡mhuA¡ sp¡ Nus, hpÛ A_¡ _©Ðe Ap ÓZ¡e_p¡ k„ep¡N A¡V$g¡ k„Nus. k„Nus iåv$_p¡ k„r^-rhÃR>¡v$ "kd+Nus' \pe R>¡. k„NusuL$ cpjp A„sN®s L$p¡B`Z spg_p âpf„rcL$ õ\p_ A\hp â\d dpÓp_¡ "kd' L$l¡ R>¡. A_¡ "Nus' iåv$_p¡ A\® R>¡. "Npe_.' A\p®s¹ ìep`L$`Z¡ "Nus' A„sN®s Npe_, hpv$_ A_¡ _s®_ A¡d ÓZ¡ rhÛpAp¡_p¡ kdph¡i \pe R>¡. S>epf¡ buÅ iåv$dp„ "õhf, spg, iyÂ^ ApQfZ lph-cph A_¡ iyÂ^ dyÖp'_¡ gNsp¡ rhje S> k„Nus R>¡.

cpfsue k„Nus_u DÐ`rÑ kpdh¡v$dp„\u \B lp¡hp_y„ dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. kpdh¡v$ âpf„c\u A„s kyû k„Nusde R>¡. îudv$¹ cpNhv$¹

Nuspdp„ îu L©$óZA¡ L$üy„ R>¡ L$¡ h¡v$p¡dp„ k„Nusê$ù kpdh¡v$ dpê$ S> õhê$` R>¡. A¡hy Z dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ L$¡, b°ûpÆA¡ k„Nus_u DÐ`rÑ L$fu_¡ s¡_¡ cNhp_ îu dlpv$¡hÆ_¡ kdr`®s L$ey¯. cNhp_ cp¡mp_p\ Üpfp k„Nus A_¡ L$gp_p v$¡hudp„ kfõhsu_¡ k„Nus A`®Z L$fhpdp„ Apìey. A_¡ dpsp kfõhsu Üpfp `p¡sp_p dp_k`yÓ _pfv$Æ_¡ Ap L$gp Apù_¡ s¡_¡ ÓZ¡ gp¡L$dp„ âkpqfs L$fhp Apv$¡i Ap`hpdp„ Apìep¡. S>¡_p `qfZpd õhê$` `©Õhu `f k„Nus L$gp_p¡ `°pvy$cp®h \ep¡.

cpfsdp„ k„Nus_u dy¿eÐh¡ b¡ i¥gu DÑfu k„Nus Â^rs A_¡ v$rnrZ i¥gu Â^rs âQgus R>¡.

vy$r_ep_u A\®ìehõ\p A_¡ kdpS>dp„ _prhL$p¡_p ep¡Nv$p__¡ rbfv$phhp A_¡ s¡d_p L$pe® Üpfp DW$phpsp Å¡Md_¡ kgpd L$fhp_p l¡sy\u vy$r_epcfdp„ f` S|>_¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue _prhL$ rv$hk DS>hhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. S>¡ s¡_p h¥[ðL$ Arcep__y„ Qp¡\y k„õL$fZ lsy. "_prhL$_p¡ qv$_. _prhL$ qv$_ qv$hk_y â\d k„õL$fZ Ap„sffpô²$ue kdyÖu k„NW$_ (ApB.A¡d.Ap¡.) Üpfp hj® f011dp„ DS>hpey lsy.f` S|>__p qv$hk¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue _prhL$ qv$hk DS>hhp_p¡ a¢kgp¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue kdyÖu k„NW$_ Üpfp hj® f010dp„ g¡hpep¡ lsp¡. _prhL$ qv$hk_¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$_u Ap¡åTh£T rgõV$dp„ kpd¡g L$fu v$¡hpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡.

Ap âL$pf_p a¦kgp_¡ L$pfZ¡ A¡ dprlsu dm¡ R>¡ L$¡, Ap`Zp v$¥q_L$ Æh_dp„ Dèp¡Ndp„ Aph_pf gNcN v$f¡L$ hõsyAp¡ âÐen L$¡ AâÐen ê$`¡ kdyÖu `qfhl_\u âcprhs R>¡. ApB.A¡d.Ap¡._p A_ydp_ A_ykpf vy$r_ep_p dpg-h¡`pf_y„ Apif¡ 90% S>lpÅ¡ Üpfp AphpNd_ \pe R>¡. _prhL$ S>lpÅ¡_p k„Qpg_ s\p dpghplL$ S>lpÅ¡_p kyfrns A_¡ kgpds rhsfZ dpV$¡ S>hpbv$pf lp¡e R>¡.

hj® f014_p¡ rhje :- kss rhL$pk A_¡ gp¡L$p¡_u Myilpgu dpV$¡ ipk__y„ _hu_u L$fZ L$fhy

"'

Ap„sffpô²$ue _prhL$ qv$hk-f` S|>_


ð»ko h014Lkku rð»kÞ :

Ap„sffpóV²$ue bpm îd rhfp¡û qv$hk-14 S|>_, f014

vy$q_epcfdp„ 17 S|>_¡ rhð dê$õ\muL$fZ fp¡L$\pd qv$hk (X$åëe|.X$u.ku.X$u.) d_phhpdp„ Apìep¡. S>¡_p rhje `f dy¿e^pfpdp„ õ\peu c|rd âb„^_ _ursAp¡ A_¡ â\pAp¡ f S>mhpey qfhs®_dp„ Ap`Zu kpd|rlL$ ârsq¾$epAp¡_p gpc f âL$pi pX$hpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡.

- S>mhpey qfhs®_¡ A_yL|$m fus¡ c|rd A_¡ dpV$u f Ar^L$ Âep_ Ap`hy- õ\peu c|rd âb„^_ dpV$¡ kd\®_ âpá L$fhy.- fpô²$ue S>mhpey qfhs®_ A_yL|$g_ _ursAp¡dp„ c|rd A_¡ dpV$u_¡ kpd¡g

L$fhu A_¡ MpÛ kyfnpdp„ s¡_p dlÐh_¡ f¡MpqL„$s L$fhy.- X$åëe|.ku.X$u.ku. f014 Arcep__u iê$Aps 3 dpQ®_p fp¡S> g¡kp¡\p¡-

ApräL$u èp®hfZ qv$hk-h„Npfu d\pB qv$hk_p fp¡S> \B.s¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$_p f¡rNõsp_ v$iL$ A_y`pg_ A_¡ dê$õ\muL$fZ_u rhê$Â^_u gX$pB (hj® f010-f0f0)_y„ k„ep¡S>_ Z R>¡.

rhð dê$õ\muL$fZ fp¡L$\pd qv$hk B.k.199` \u DS>hhpdp„ Aphu füp¡ R>¡. s¡_p¡ Dv«¡i Ap„sffpô²$ue klep¡N\u h¡fp_ A_¡ vy$óL$pm_p âcph_p¡ dyL$pbgp¡ L$fhp dpV$¡ ÅN©rs h^pfhp_p¡ R>¡. hj® 1994dp„ k „ e y L $ s f p ô ² $ d l p k c p A ¡ ` p ¡ s p _ p â õ s p h A¡/Apf.B.A¡k./49/11` dp„ b„S>f A_¡ vy$óL$pm kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gp dyv«p `f ÅN©rs h^pfhp A_¡ ùqX$s v$¡i Mpk L$fu_¡ ApräL$pdp„ k„eyL$s fpô²$_p dê$õ\muL$fZ fp¡L$\pd L$Þh¡i__p L$pep®Þhe_ dpV$¡ Ap qv$hk_u Op¡jZp L$fu lsu.

cpfsdp„ DS>hZu :L$¡qÞÖe èp®hfZ A_¡ h_d„Óu âL$pi ÅhX$¡L$f¡ Ap qv$hk_p Ahkf¡

S>Zpìey lsy L$¡ fZ_¡ ApNm h^sy AV$L$phhp A¡L$ Arcep__u iê$Aps \i¡. rdi_ qX$N°¡X$¡i_ Þe|V²$g S>m k„ip^_ d„„Ópge, L©$rj d„Ópge, c|rd ky^pf rhcpN A_¡ AÞe k„b„r^s rhcpNp¡_p¡ klep¡N g¡hpdp„ Aphi¡.

fZ_¡ h^sy AV$L$phhp dpV$¡ rhðcfdp„ rhð dê$õ\muL$fZ fp¡L$\pd qv$hk 17 S|>_¡ DS>hpep¡

rhV$uqgNp¡ A¡V$g¡ iy ?vy$q_epcfdp„ rhV$urgNp¡ fp¡N\u 100 rdrge_ L$fsp `Z h^y gp¡L$p¡ ùqX$s R>¡. Ap

fp¡Ndp„ fp¡Nu `p¡sp_u QpdX$u_p¡ âpL©$qsL$ f„N Æh_cf dpV$¡ Mp¡B b¡k¡ R>¡. S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡Ap¡ brlóL$pf A_¡ c¡v$cph_p¡ riL$pf b_¡ R>¡. fp¡NuAp¡_¡ s¡d_p `qfhpf, Of A_¡ ApÆrhL$p\u lp\ ^p¡hp_p¡ hpfp¡ Aph¡ R>¡. Ap rbdpfu_p¡ ApS> kyû L$p¡B BgpS> ip¡û iL$pep¡ _\u.

qv$hk_u DS>hZu A_¡ iê$Aps :vy$r_epcfdp„ rhð rhV$urgNp¡ qv$hk f` S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> DS>hhpdp„ Apìep¡. Ap

qv$hk Mpk fus¡ qhV$urgNp¡\u uqX$sp¡ dpV$¡ kdr`®s lsp¡.rhðdp„ Ap qv$hk_u DS>hZu_u iê$Aps hj® f01f\u \B lsu. S>¡_p¡ l¡sy

Ap„sffpô²$ue ip¡^ A_¡ ÅN©rs Arcep_ A„sN®s rhV$urgNp¡ budpfu kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gp

hj® f014_p rhð ep®hfZ qv$hk_p¡ rhje "_p_p V$p`y A_¡ dp¥kddp„ `qfhs®_' fpMhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. A_¡ õgp¡N_ "`p¡sp_u AhpT DW$php¡ _lu L$¡ kdyÖ_y„² S>m õsf' fpMhpdp„ Apìey lsy.

l¡sy : ` S|>_¡ ârshj® èp®hfZ k„fnZ s\p s¡_¡ `lp¢Qu

fl¡gp MsfpAp¡ âÐe¡ gp¡L$p¡dp„ ÅN©rs a¡gphhp_p Dv«¡i\u rhð ep®hfZ qv$hk DS>hhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

rhð èp®hfZ qv$hk-` S|>_

hj® f014_y„ õgp¡N_ : "`p¡sp_p¡ AhpT DW$php¡ _lu L$¡ kdyÖ_y„ S>mõsf'lpr_L$pfL$ N¡k :èp®hfZ_p Ak„syg_ dpV$¡ L$pb®_ X$peAp¡L$kpBX$, L$pb®_

dp¡_p¡L$kpBX$, _pBV²$p¡S>_ X$pBAp¡L$kpBX$, du\¡_ dy¿eê$`¡ S>hpbv$pf R>¡.

rhð ep®hfZ qv$hk : rhð èp®hfZ qv$hk_u õ\p`_p B.k.197fdp„ k„eyL$s

fpô²$_u kpdpÞe kcpdp„ \B lsu. Ap qv$hk¡ e|_pBV$¡X$ _¡iÞk L$p¡Þä¡k Ap¸_ le|d_ A¡Þhpefd¡ÞV$_y„ Apep¡S>_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. â\d rhð ep®hfZ qv$hk_u DS>hZu S|>_ 1973_p fp¡S> \B lsu.

hj® f014_u DS>hZu ::

hj® f014_p¡ rhje : "_p_p V$p`| A_¡ dp¥kddp„ `qfhs®_'

qv$hk rhjeL$ :

X$åëey.X$u.ku.X$u. f014_p¡ l¡sy

hj® f014_p¡ rhje : "c|rddp„ crhóe r_rls R>¡ - S>mhpey_¡ s¡_¡ kprbs L$fhp v$p¡'

rhð rhV$urgNp¡ qv$hk : f` S|>_qd\L$p¡ A_¡ hpõsrhL$sp f ap¡L$k L$fhp_y„ A_¡ s¡_¡ k„b„r^s ip¡^ A_¡ rinZ dpV$¡ S>ê$fu a„X$ A¡L$Ó L$fhp_y„ R>¡.

Ad¡rfL$p_p rhV$urgNp¡ v$v$} _¡V$hL®$_p k„õ\p`L$ õV$uh lpfNpX$p¡ A¡hp `l¡gp ìeqL$s lsp S>¡d_¡ rhð rhV$urgNp¡ qv$hk DS>hhp_p¡ rhQpf Apìep¡ lp¡e. bpv$dp„ Ap rhQpf_¡ rhV$urgNp¡ v$v$} Ap¡Np¡ dpX$¹e|h¡kuA¡ rhL$rks L$fu_¡ A„qsd ê$` Apàey lsy. s¡Ap¡ _pBÆqfepdp„ rhV$urgNp¡ k`p¡V®$ A_¡ Ahf_¡k apJX$¡i__p k„õ\p`L$ A_¡ L$pe®L$pfu r_v$¡®iL$ R>¡.

cpfsdp„ DS>hZu :cpfsdp„ Ap qv$hk_u DS>hZu u.Æ.ApB. Q„v$uNY$_p ÐhQp rhcpN Üpfp

L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. kyL$_p Tug `pk¡ rbdpfu\u Å¡X$pe¡gp d\L$p¡_¡ DÅNf L$fhp fp¡X$ ip¡ L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡.

hj® 2014_p rhïh bpm îd rhfp¡û qv$hk_p¡ A¡S>ÞX$p

hj® 2014_p¡ rhje :

vy$r_epcfdp„ 1f S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> rhð bpmîd rhfp¡^ qv$hk DS>hhpdp„ Apìep¡. Ap qv$hk_¡ âÐe¡L$ hj£ vy$r_ep_p M|Z¡ M|Z¡ kfL$pf, r_ep¡L$spAp¡ A_¡ îrdL$p¡ k„NW$_p¡, rkrhg kp¡kpeV$u kp\¡ gpMp¡ gp¡L$p¡ bpg îrdL$p¡_u vy$v®$ip DÅNf L$fhp dpV$¡ A¡L$ kp\¡ dmu_¡ Ap kdõep_p¡ DL$¡g L$¡hu fus¡ dm¡ s¡ rhj¡ hpsQus L$f¡ R>¡.

DS>hZu_u iê$Aps :rhð bpm îd rhfp¡û qv$hk_u iê$Aps hj® f01fdp„ Ap„sffpô²$ue îd k„NW$_ Üpfp \B lsu. S>¡_y„ ap¡L$k

rhðõsf¡ bpmîd A_¡ s¡_¡ Ap¡Ry> L$fhp_p âepkp¡ f Âep_ L$¡qÞÖs L$fhp_y lsy.

"kpdprS>L$ kyfnp_p¡ rhõspf : bpm îd_p¡ rhfp¡^'

-ApB.A¡g.Ap¡. cgpdZ A_ykpf kpdprS>L$ kyfnp_u iê$Aps, s¡dp ky^pfp¡ A_¡ rhõÐppf L$fhp dpV$¡ L$pe® L$fhy-fpô²$ue kpdprS>L$ kyfnp âZprgAp¡ S>¡, bpmL$p¡_u S>ê$fuepsp¡ dpV$¡ k„h¡v$_iug R>¡ A_¡ bpmîd kpd¡ gX$hpdp„ dv$v$ L$f¡ R>¡. Mpk L$fu_¡ _bmp hN®_p bpmL$p¡ kyû lp¢Qsu kpdprS>L$ âZprgAp¡.

b°pTurgep Op¡jZp`Ó hj® 2013dp„ bpmîd f b°pTurgep Mps¡ ep¡Åe¡g ÓuÅ rhïh k„d¡g_dp„ Ap„sffpóV²$ue kdyv$pe¡ b°pTurgep Op¡jZp`Ó_¡ A`_pìey lsy. S>¡dp heõL$p¡ dpV$¡ kpfp L$pd_u S>ê$fs, v$f¡L$ bpmL$p¡ dpV$¡ das, Ar_hpe® A_¡ NyZhÑpeyL$s rinZ A_¡ v$f¡L$ dpV$¡ kpdprS>L$ kyfnp f cpf v$¡hpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. cpfs kfL$pf_u hj® f001_u hksu NZsfu A_ykpf cpfsdp„ 1 L$fp¡X$ f7 gpM bpmL$p¡ îdL$pe® kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gp R>¡. S>¡ cpfs_p Ly$g îrdL$p¡_u k„¿ep_p 3.6 % S>¡V$gu R>¡. kde l¡gp îd L$pe®dp„ gpNu S>hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ bpmL$ qinZ A_¡ ârinZ\u h„rQs flu Åe R>¡. S>¡ îrdL$ bpmL$p_¡¡ p¡sp_p qfhpf A_¡ kdyv$pep¡_¡ Nfubu_p rhj Q¾$dp„\u DNpfhpdp„ dv$v$ê$` b_sy lp¡e R>¡. îrdL$ bpmL$p¡ ipfuqfL$, dp_rkL$ A_¡ _¥rsL$ eps_p\u âcprhs \hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡_p Æh_ f v|$fp¡Npdu Akfp¡ X$su lp¡e R>¡. qhïh õsf¡ Z f1 L$fp¡X$ 0 gpM S>¡V$gp bpm îqdL$p¡ R>¡. S>¡dp L$¡V$gpe¡ |Z® kde_p dS>v|$fp¡ R>¡. bpm îd rhfp¡û Ap„sffpô²$ue qv$hk DS>hhp_u iê$Aps B.k. f00fdp„ Ap„sffpô²$ue îd k„NW$_ Üpfp L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. Ap qv$hk_¡ DS>hhp_p¡ l¡sy bpmL$p¡_p Ar^L$pfp¡_p kyfnp_u AphíeL$spAp¡_¡ DÅNf L$fhu s\p bpmL$p¡_p dp¥rgL$ Ar^L$pfp¡_p D‰„O__¡ kdpá L$fhp_p¡ R>¡. Ap qv$hk¡ bpmîd rhj¡ gp¡L$p¡_¡ ÅN©s L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, 1f S|>_ f013_p fp¡S> Ap„sffpô²$ue bpmîd rhfp¡û rv$hk DS>hhpdp„ Apìep¡. S>¡_p¡ rhje: " Of¡gy L$pe®\u bpmîd_u kdpáu ' lsp¡. Ap qv$hk¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue îd k„NW$_¡ bpmîd rhê$Â^dp„ h¥qïhL Ap„v$p¡g_ Qgphhp_u Aùg L$fu_¡ Of¡gy L$pe® Üpfp bpm îd_¡ k„`|Z® fus¡ Msd L$fhp dpV$¡ L$p_|_u A_¡ _ursNs ky^pfp `f_u bpbsp¡_¡$ dlÐh Apàey lsy. s¡dS> k„eyL$s fpô²$¡ `Z `p¡sp_u L$pe®hplu ep¡S>_p A„sN®s Ap„sffpô²$ue îd k„NW$_ A_¡ s¡_p kv$õe fpô²$p¡ Üpfp hj® f016 kyûdp„ qhïh_¡ bpm îd\u dyL$s L$fhp S>Zpìey R>¡.


Ad|ëe A¡hp dp_h Æh__p fnZ dpV$¡ fL$s_u S>ê$fueps âqshj® s¡S> TX$`¡ hû flu R>¡. qhïhcfdp„ h^¡gy AL$õdpsp¡_y„ âdpZ, `p¡jZ_p¡ Acph s\p buÅ A_¡L$ âL$pf¡ dp¡V$pcpN_p v$¡ip¡dp„ kyfrns f¼s_u Ap`|rs® ep®á _ lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ v$v$}Ap¡_¡ kdekf s¡_u âpáu iL$e b_su _\u. f¼s_u kyfrns âpásp dpV$¡ S>ê$fu R>¡ L$¡, gp¡L$p¡ L$p¡B`Z âL$pf_p õhp\® hNf f¼sv$p_ dpV$¡ ApNm Aph¡. k¡hp_p ^p¡fZ¡ f¼sv$p_ L$fsp gp¡L$p¡_y„ f¼s âp¡a¡i_g f¼sv$psp_u syg_pA¡ h^y kyfrns lp¡e R>¡. fL$sv$p_ Üpfp ârshj® gpMp¡ gp¡L$p¡_p Æh bQphu_¡ Æh__¡ bl¡sf b_phu iL$pe R>¡. qhïhcfdp„ õh¥qÃR>L$ f¼sv$p__¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ Ap`hp_p Dv$¹¡i\u âÐe¡L$ hj®¡ 14 S|>__p fp¡S> qhïh f¼sv$psp qv$hk d_phhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Ap qv$hk¡ v$f¡L$ f¼sv$pspAp¡_¡ Arc_„v$_ Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. L$¡, S>¡Z¡ buÅ_p Æh__¡ bQphhp dpV$¡ r_iyëL$ f¼sv$p_ L$e®y lp¡e. hj® 2014_u DS>hZu_p¡ rhje "dpsp_p bQph dpV$¡ kgpds fL$s ' lsp¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡,hj® f013_p qhïh f¼sv$psp qv$hk_p¡ rhje: " f¼sv$p_ L$fp¡, Æh__p¡ D`lpf Ap`p¡ ' lsp¡.

v$yr_epcf_p õh¥qÃR>L$ fL$sv$pspAp¡ âÐe¡ Apcpf ìeL$s L$fhp dpV$¡ DS>hhpdp„ Aphsp Ap„sffpô²$ue fL$sv$p_ qv$hk_u DS>hZu_u iê$Aps B.k.f004\u \B lsu. A¡.bu.Ap¡. ågX$ N©` kuõV$d_p ip¡^L$ L$pg® g¡ÞX$ õV$¡B_f_p¡ S>Þd qv$hk 14 S|>_ 1868 lp¡hp\u s¡d_u epv$dp„ rhð Apfp¡Áe k„õ\pA¡ `l¡g L$fu_¡ rhð_¡ fL$sv$p__y„ dlÐh kdÅhhp Ap qv$hk_u DS>hZu_u iê$Aps L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu.

rhïh fL$sv$p_ qv$hk_u DS>hZu_p¡ buÅ¡ A¡L$ dlÐh_p¡ l¡sy ågX$ V²$p„kae|S>_ dpV$¡ kyfrns fL$s_u D`gå^sp iê$ fpMhp_p¡ Z R>¡.

"Qpgp¡ Ap`Z¡ kp¥ fL$sv$p_ L$fuA¡ A_¡ Ap`Zu dpspAp¡_¡ bQphuA¡'

kdekf kgpds fL$s dmu fl¡hp\u Ncp®hõ\p A_¡ bpmL$_p S>Þd kde¡ \sp fL$s÷ph_¡ gu^¡ \sp dpsp_p d©Ðey_¡ AV$L$phu iL$pe R>¡.

L©$rÓd fL$s b_phhp_p âepkp¡ lÆ iê$ R>¡ `f„sy lÆ kyû s¡dp„ kamsp _ dmsp fL$s_p¡ L$p¡B rhL$ë` _\u. dpV$¡ dp_h Æh__u kyfnp L$fhp_u v$f¡L$_u _¥rsL$ S>hpbv$pfu R>¡, A¡hp gp¡L$p¡_u dv$v$ L$fhp_u L$¡ S>¡d_¡ fL$s_u S>ê$f R>¡.

õh¥qÃR>L$ fL$sv$psp `pk¡\u dm¡gy fL$s rl`¡V$pBV$uk-bu, d¡g¡qfep, rkargk A_¡ A¡Q.ApB.hu. S>¡hp k„¾$dZ\u dyL$s lp¡e R>¡. S>epf¡ ^„^pv$pfu fL$sv$pspAp¡ L$v$pQ Aphp N„cuf fp¡Np¡ fL$s kp\¡ A`®Z L$fu iL$¡ R>¡.

dp_hsp dpV$¡ \e¡gy fL$sv$p_ A¡L$ dlpv$p_ R>¡, S>¡_u L$p¡B syg_p \B iL$su _\u. fL$s_u S>ê$fueps L$p¡B_¡ `Z Nd¡ Ðepf¡ `X$u iL$¡ R>¡. hs®dp_ kde¡ gp¡L$p¡ fL$sv$p_ L$fhp ÅN©s \B füp R>¡.

"k¥a ågX$ ap¸f k¡thN d^f'

- `p¡sp_p Apfp¡Áe_y„ r_erds Q¡L$A` \B Åe R>¡.- ùv$efp¡N A_¡ õV²$p¡L$dp„ OV$pX$p¡- L$¡Þkf_p Å¡Mddp„ OV$pX$p¡- L$¡gfu bpmhpdp„ klpeL$pfL$- L$pB¡ _ „y Æh_ bQpìep_p ¡ A_f¡ p ¡ Ap_v„ $ âpàs \pe R>.¡- fL$sv$p_ L$fhp_¡ L$pfZ¡ ifufdp„ fL$s b_hp_u âq¾$ep TX$ù b_¡ R>¡.

r_erds fL$sv$p_\u \sp Apfp¡Áe_p gpc

hs®dp_ hj®_u DS>hZu_p¡ Ddv$p l¡sy L$epf¡ \B DS>hZu_u iê$Aps ?

dp_h fL$s_p¡ lÆ L$p¡B rhL$ë` _\u

Apfp¡Áe A_¡ `qfhpf L$ëepZ d„Ópge lõsL$_p A¡BX$¹k r_e„ÓZ rhcpN Üpfp rhð fL$sv$p_ qv$hk_u 14 S|>_, f014_p fp¡S> DS>hZu A_¡ fL$sv$p_ Aqcep_ Apep¡Æs \ey lsy. S>¡_y„ Dv$¹OpV$_ L$¡qÞÖe Apfp¡Áe A_¡ `qfhpf L$ëepZ d„Óu X$p¸.lj®h^®_¡ L$ey® lsy.

- ågX$ L$g¡L$i_ dpV$¡ Ars Ap^yq_L$ dp¡bpBg hp_ NyS>fps `pk¡ 34 S>¡V$gu R>¡. S>¡ v$¡idp„ kp¥\u h^y R>¡. S>¡_¡ dpV$¡ NyS>fps kfL$pf _pZp„L$ue ep¡Nv$p_ Apù flu R>¡.

« L$p¡B`Z s„vy$fõs A_¡ 18 \u 60 hj®_u he ^fphsu ìeqL$s lp¡hp kp\¡ 4` qL$.N°p. hS>_ s\p 1f.` % S>¡V$gy ârs X$¡kuguV$f rldp¡Ágp¡bu_ ^fph_pf fL$sv$p_ L$fu iL$¡ R>¡.

« fÆõV$X®$ L$¡ gpekÞk ^fphsu kfL$pfu lp¡qõ`V$g L$¡ fL$sL$p¡j A\hp f¡X$ ¾$p¡k kp¡kpeV$u_p fL$sL$p¡jdp„ fL$sv$p_ L$fu iL$pe R>¡.

« fL$sv$p_dp„ gNcN ` rdr_V$_p¡ kde gpN¡ R>¡.« fL$sv$psp A¡L$hpfdp„ 300\u 400 rdgu guV$f S>¡V$gy fL$s Apù iL$¡ R>¡. S>¡

ifufdp„ lpS>f fL$s_p¡ Apif¡ 1`dp¡ cpN lp¡e R>¡.« fL$sv$p_¡ gB_¡ Ak„¿e c°p„rsAp¡ a¡gpe¡gu R>¡, S>epf¡ fL$sv$p_ L$ep® bpv$ f4

L$gpL$_u A„v$f S> _hy fL$s b_u Åe R>¡.« L$p¡B`Z ìeqL$s 3 dpk_p A„sfpg bpv$ fL$sv$p_ L$fu iL$¡ R>¡.« fL$sv$p_ L$fsp 10-1` rdr_V$ `|h£ b¡ Ágpk `pZu ùhy A_¡ fL$sv$p_ bpv$

10 \u 1` rdr_V$ Apfpd L$fhp¡ S>ê$fu R>¡.

fL$sv$p_ kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gu L$¡V$guL$ Mpk hpsp¡ :

NyS>fps fL$sv$p_dp„ kp¥\u ApNm :

cpfsdp„ DS>hZu :- vy$O®V$_p_p riL$pf gp¡L$p¡_p Æh_ fnZ dpV$¡- v$v$}_p Ap¡`f¡i_ kde¡- fL$s_u L$du L$¡ A¡r_rdep_p v$v$}_¡ - bpmL$_p S>Þd kde¡ S>ê$f Dcu \hp `f Nc®hsu

drlgpAp¡_¡- L$¢kf, \¡g¡k¡rdep S>¡hp fp¡N\u ùqX$s v$v$}Ap¡_¡

fL$s_p¡ Dèp¡N

`p¡sp_u v$fuepqv$gu dpV$¡ ÅZusp NyS>fpsuAp¡ fL$sv$p_ L$fhpdp„ `Z `pR>u `p_u L$ep® hNf kdN° v$¡idp„ kp¥\u ApNm R>¡. fpS>e_p fL$sv$pspAp¡ l„d¡ip dpV$¡ Ly$v$fsu Ap`rÑAp¡dp„ fL$sv$p_ L$fhp dpV$¡ kp¥\u ApNm lp¡e R>¡, s¡d_¡ rh_„suAp¡ L$fhu `X$¡ R>¡ L$¡ lh¡ fL$s_u S>ê$f _\u.

è v$¡i_u Ly$g hksu_p 1.3 % gp¡L$p¡ fL$sv$p_ L$f¡ R>¡.è v$¡idp„ fL$sv$p__u V$L$phpfu 0.78 % R>¡. v$¡i_p AÞe L$p¡B

fpS>edp„ 1.1 % \u h^y fL$sv$p_ \sy _\u.è v$¡idp„ fL$sv$p_ dpV$¡_u rirbfp¡ ep¡Åe R>¡. s¡dp„ NyS>fps_y„

ep¡Nv$p_ 11.8 % R>¡.è kdõs v$¡idp„ A¡¾$¡qX$V$¡X$ ågX$ b¢L$p¡ 60 S>¡V$gu R>¡. S>¡ `¥L$u NyS>fpsdp„ 11 S>¡V$gu R>¡.è NyS>fpsdp„ õh¥qÃR>L$ fL$sv$pspAp¡dp„ A¡Q.ApB.hu. _y„ âdpZ v$¡idp„ 0.30 % L$fsp AX$^y

R>¡.è A¡L$ qv$hkdp„ A¡L$ S> kde¡ ep¡Åe¡gu rirbfdp„ f00ff e|r_V$ S>¡V$gp S„>Nu fL$sv$p__p¡ rhð

rh¾$d `Z fpS>e_u kyfs ågX$ b¢L$_p _pd¡ _p¢^pe¡gp¡ R>¡.è `pR>gp hj®¡ NyS>fpsdp„ Ly$g 79,0801 e|r_V$ S>¡V$gy fL$sv$p_ \ey lsy. S>¡ `¥L$u dp¡V$p cpN_y

õh¥qÃR>L$ fL$sv$pspAp¡ Üpfp âpá \ey lsy.


v$f¡L$ he, n¡Ó A_¡ k„õL©$rs_u rh^hpAp¡_¡ rhi¡j Ap¡mM âv$p_ L$fhp dpV$¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$ dlpkcp Üpfp f3 S|>_ f011_p fp¡S> â\dhpf Ap„sffpô²$ue rh^hp qv$hk_u Op¡jZp kp\¡ âqshj® s¡_u DS>hZu L$fhp_u bpbs_¡ Adgdp„ dyL$u lsu. hs®dp_ hj£ f3 S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> vf Ap qv$hk vy$r_epcfdp„ DS>hhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡.

ApS>¡ vy$q_ep_u gpMp¡-L$fp¡X$p¡ rh^hpAp¡ Nfubu, brlóL$pf, tlkp, b¡Of, qbdpfu, _bmy Apfp¡Áe A_¡ ep¥_ ip¡jZ S>¡hu kdõepAp¡ kp\¡ L$p_|_u rkõV$d_p kp\ hNf c¡v$cph kl_ L$fu flu R>¡. rh^hpAp¡ A_¡ s¡d_p bpmL$p¡ kp\¡_p¡ vy$ìe®hlpf ApS>¡ dp_h Ar^L$pf_y„ kp¥\u N„cuf Dëg„O_ A_¡ hs®dp_ qhL$pkdp„ kp¥\u dp¡V$u bp^pAp¡ ¥L$u_y„ A¡L$ R>¡.

A¡L$ A_ydp_ A_ykpf 11` rdrge_ rh^hpAp¡ Nfubudp„ fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ 81 rdrge_ ipfuqfL$ ip¡jZ_p¡ kpd_p¡ L$f¡ R>¡. cpfsdp„ Apif¡ 40 rdrge_ rh^hpAp¡ A_¡ `rhÓ il¡f h©„v$ph_ S>ep„ cNhp_ îu L©$óZ_p Æh__p¡ AdyL$ dlÐh`|Z® kde ìerss \ep¡ R>¡, s¡hp õ\m¡ ApS>¡ `Z ifdS>_L$ qõ\rsdp„ 1`,000 S>¡V$gu rh^hpAp¡ dpNp¡® `f hkhpV$ L$fu flu R>¡. drlgp kiqL$sL$fZ_u DR>mu DR>mu_¡ hpsp¡ L$fsp _¡spAp¡, dp_hpr^L$pf L$pe®L$sp®Ap¡ A_¡ ^d®_p _pd¡ fpS>_urs L$fsp W$¡L$¡v$pfp¡_¡ dp_h d®_p L$g„L$ kdp_ dqlgpAp¡_u Ap vy$v®$ip v$¡Mpsu _l] lp¡e ?

kygc BÞV$f_¡i_g_p k„õ\p`L$ tbv$¡ðf pW$L$¡ spS>¡sfdp„ cpfsdp„ rh^hpAp¡_p k„fnZ dpV$¡ A¡L$ rh^¡eL$_y„ dpmMy s¥epf L$ey® R>¡. k„kv$_p bS>¡V$ kÓdp„ h©„v$ph_dp„ fl¡su lÅfp¡ rh^hpAp¡_u klpesp dpV$¡ A¡L$ rh^hp k„fnZ rh^¡eL$ b_phhp_u Z BÃR>p ìeL$s \B lsu.

_iugu v$hpAp¡_p k¡h_ A_¡ Ah¥^ sõL$fu_u rhê$Ý^dp„ Ap„sffpô²$ue qv$hk 26 S|>_ 2014_p fp¡S> DS>hhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. lpg_p qv$hkp¡dp„ e|.A¡_. Ap¡.X$u.ku. Üpfp h¥[ðL$ v$hp kdõep rhj¡ ÅN©rs a¡gphhp dpV$¡ Arcep_ iê$ L$fhpdp„ Apìey R>¡.

k„eyL$s fpô²$dp„ k„O Üpfp 7 qX$k¡çbf 1983_p fp¡S> âÐe¡L$ hj®¡ f6 S|>_¡ Ap qv$hk DS>hhp_u Op¡jZp L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu A_¡ â\dhpf f6 S|>_ 1988_p fp¡S> s¡_¡ DS>hhpdp„ Apìep¡. dpv$L$ `v$p\p£_p vy$óâcphp¡ A_¡ s¡_u Apv$s R>p¡X$hp bpbs¡ gp¡L$p¡dp„ ÅN©rs ¡v$p L$fhp dpV$¡ âÐe¡L$ hj£ f6 S|>_¡ Ap qv$hk d_phhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡,hj® f013_p Ap qv$hk_p¡ Dv$¹¡i BÞV$f_¡V$ Üpfp M|ëg¡Apd h¡Qhpdp„ Aphu fl¡gp dpv$L$ Öìep¡_p ìep`pf f A„L|i dyL$hp_p¡ R>¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, rhðcfdp„ âÐe¡L$ hj£ 1` \u 64 hj®_u Jdf hN®dp„ Apif¡ f1 L$fp¡X$ gp¡L$p¡ _ip_p¡ riL$pf \pe R>¡. cpfsdp„ `Z _iugu v$hpAp¡_p¡ ìep`pf `N `¡kpfp¡ L$fu Q|L$ey R>¡. A_¡ kfL$pf `Z Ah¥^ `v$p\p£_p dp¡V$p`pe¡ Dèp¡N kpd¡ s`pk_p L$¡V$gpe¡ dlÐh`|Z® L$v$d DW$phu flu R>¡.

Apfp¡Áe d„Ópge _ipdy[¼s_p L$pe®¾$dp¡ Üpfp Z âeÐ_iug R>¡.

hj® f014_p¡ rhje : A¡L$ bl¡sf vy$r_ep_u sfa âhprkAp¡ A_¡ ifZp\}Ap¡ vy$r_epcfdp„ ifZp\}Ap¡_y„ kd\®_ L$fhp dpV$¡ vy$r_epcf_u 20\u h^y l[õsAp¡A¡ 30 k¡L$ÞX$_u A¡L$ huqX$ep¡ î©„Mgp Åfu L$fu lsu. S>¡dp dil|f gp¡L$p¡A¡ Ap qv$hk_u DS>hZu_p kd[Þhs Arcep__p rlõkp ê$`¡ ifZp\}Ap¡_y„ kd\®_ L$ey® lsy. âÐe¡L$ hj£ f0 S|__p qv$hk¡ âspX$_p, k„Oj® A_¡ tlkp_p X$L$pfp¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ S>¡ gp¡L$p¡_¡ p¡sp_p¡ v$¡i R>p¡X$u_¡ cpNu_¡ ifZp\} b_hp dS>b|f \hy„ `X¡ R>¡ s¡d_p ârs kplk, iqL$s, k„L$ë` A_¡ kçdp_ ìeL$s L$fhp rhð ifZp\} qv$hk d_phhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Ak„¿e v$¡ip¡ AgN AgN rsr\A¡ p¡sp_¡ Ðep„ ifZp\} qv$hk DS>h¡ R>¡. S>¡dp„ kp¥\u ANÐe_p¡ ApräL$p ifZp\} qv$hk R>¡. S>¡ ârs hj® f0 S|>__p qv$hk¡ d_phhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. k„eyL$s fpô²$ Üpfp Ap qv$hk_¡ B.k.f000 \u rhð ifZp\} qv$hk sfuL$¡ d_phhp_p¡ q_Z®e g¡hpep¡ lsp¡. A_¡ B.k.f001\u âÐe¡L$ hj®¡ f0 S|>__p fp¡S> s¡_u DS>hZu L$fhpdp„ Aphu flu R>¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, hj® f013_p¡ rhje : `gpe_ L$fhp dpV$¡ dS>b|f L$p¡B `qfhpf_u 1 rdr_V$ dpV$¡ klpesp L$fp¡ lsp¡. Ap qv$hk DS>hhp_p¡ dy¿e Dv«¡i A¡ R>¡ L$¡ L$p¡B`Z dp_h AdpÞe _\u lp¡sp¡. s¡ L$p¡B`Z v$¡i_p¡ lp¡e A¡L$sp A_¡ kdÞhe_u cph_p fpMu_¡ Ap`Z¡ v$f¡L$_¡ dpÞesp Ap`hu Å¡BA¡. cpfs_p L$pídufu „qX$sp¡ p¡sp_p S> v$¡idp„ ifZp\} S>¡hu lpgsdp„ Æhu füp R>¡. AaOpr_õsp_, dg¡riep, ey_p_, kuqfep, gurbep A_¡ h^ydp„ k„¿epdp„ ApräL$u v$¡ip¡dp„\u v$f hfk¡ gpMp¡_u k„¿epdp„ _pNqfL$p¡ buÅ v$¡ip¡dp„ ifZ g¡ R>¡ A_¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$_u k„õ\p ey_pBV$¡X$ _¡iÞk lpB L$rdi_f Ap¸a f¡aeyÆ klpe L$f¡ R>¡.

k„eyL$s fpóV²$ ifZp\} A¡S>Þku ( e|.A¡_. A¡Q.ku.Apf.)_u hprj®L Ágp¡bg V²$¡X$¹k qf`p¡V® A_ykpf Ap„sqfL$ ê$`¡ rhõ\pr`s A_¡ vy$r_epcfdp„ ifZ BÃR>p ^fphsp gp¡L$p¡ krls ifZp\}Ap¡_u k„¿ep $â\dhpf buÅ rhð eyÝ^ bpv$_p kde L$fsp kp¥\u h^y R>¡, S>¡ hj® 2013dp„ 50 gpM_¡ pf L$fu NB R>¡. e|.A¡_. A¡Q.ku.Apf._u qf`p¡V®$ A_¡ kfL$pfu s\p rb_ kfL$pfu k„NW$_p¡ Üpfp D`gå^ L$fphhpdp„ Aph¡gp Ap„L$X$pAp¡ f Ap^pqfs R>¡. hj® 2013_p Ap„L$X$pAp¡dp„ ifZp\}Ap¡_u k„¿epdp„ 6 rdrge_ S>¡V$gu h©[Ý^ \B R>¡, S>¡ hj® 2012dp„ 45.2 rdrge_ lsu.

qv$hk rhjeL$ vy$r_epcf_p rhrh^ v$¡ip¡ hjp£\u p¡sp_p¡ ifZp\} qv$hk d_phu füp R>¡. AdyL$ v$¡ip¡dp„ s¡ A¡L$ kápl õhê$`¡ Z DS>hhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. ApräL$u ifZp\} qv$hk 20 S|>__p qv$hk¡ DS>hpsp¡ lsp¡ S>¡_¡ L$¡V$gpL$ v$¡ip¡dp„ Z DS>hhpdp„ Aphsp¡ lsp¡. k„eyL$s fpô²$ dlpkcpA¡ 4 qX$k¡çbf 2000_p fp¡S> 55/76 âõsph_¡ A`_phu_¡ 20 S|>_¡ Ap qv$hk DS>hhp_p¡ a¦kgp¡ L$ep£ lsp¡. âõsph kpf \ep bpv$ dlpkcpA¡ hj® 2001_p ifZp\}Ap¡_u [õ\rs\u k„b„r^s 1951 L$Þh¡i__u 50du hj®Np„W$_p ê$`¡ rQ[Þls L$fu lsu. ApräL$u A¡L$sp k„NW$_ `Z 20 S|>_ dpV$¡ klds \B Ney LpfZ L$¡, Ap qv$hk s¡d_p ifZp\} qv$hk kp\¡ d¡m Mpsp¡ lsp¡.

"

'

rhð ifZp\} qv$hk-f0 S|>_ Ap„sffpô²$ue rh^hp qv$hk - f3 S|>_

e|.A¡_. A¡Q.ku.Apf. _u hprj®L Ágp¡bg V²$¡X$¹k qf`p¡V®$:rh^hpAp¡_u `qfqõ\qs :

rh^hp k„fnZ rh^¡eL$

Ap„sffpô²$ue dpv$L$ `v$p\® k¡h_ A_¡ sõL$fu rhfp¡û qv$hk f6 S>|_

"Apip_p¡ A¡L$ k„v$¡i R>¡: v$hpAp¡_p¡ Dèp¡N rhL$pfp¡ A_¡ BgpT dpV$¡ L$fp¡ '

"Ágp¡bg X$¡ Ap¸a `¡f¡ÞV$¹k'_¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$ Üpfp 17 kàV$¡çbf f01f_p fp¡S> A¡L$ âõsph `kpf L$fu_¡ dpsp-r`sp_p kçdp_dp„ âÐe¡L$ hj®¡ DS>hhp_u Op¡jZp L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu.

bpmL$p¡_y„ fnZ A_¡ `p¡jZ `qfhpf_u âp\rdL$ S>hpbv$pfu R>¡. S>¡_¡ M|iu, â¡d A_¡ kdS>_y„ A¡L$ hpsphfZ âv$p_ L$fsp S> s¡_p ìeqL$sÐh_p k„`|Z® A_¡ kpd„S>õe `|Z® rhL$pk L$fu iL$pe R>¡.

Ágp¡bg X$¡ Ap¸a `¡f¡ÞV$¹k-1 S|>_rhðcfdp„ 1 S|>__p fp¡S> "Ágp¡bg

X$¡ Ap¸a `¡f¡ÞV$¹k' qv$hk DS>hhpdp„ Apìep¡. Ap rv$hk v$f¡L$ dpsp-r`sp_¡ `p¡sp_p bpmL$p¡_p `p¡jZ ârs r_:õhp\® ârsbÂ^sp A_¡ s¡_p ApÆh_ brgv$p__p k„b„^p ¡_¡ vy$r_epcfdp„ kfpl_p L$fhp_p¡ A¡L$ Ahkf âv$p_ L$f¡ R>¡.

"Ágp¡bg X$¡ Ap¸a `¡f¡ÞV$¹k' rhjeL$ :

ap^k® X$¡ 1` S|>__u `|h® k„ÂepA¡ d¥qV²$dr_eg h¡bkpBV$ "ipv$u X$p¸V$ L$p¸d' Üpfp kp¥\u kpfp ap^f L$p¡Z R>¡ s¡hu bpbs_u dprlsu d¡mhhp A¡L$ Ap¸_gpB_ kh£ L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. S>¡dp„ `00\u `Z h^y gp¡L$p¡A¡ rlõkp¡ gu^p¡ lsp¡. kh£dp„ cpfsue drlgpAp¡_¡ v$¡i_p kp¥\u `k„v$Nu_p r`sp_¡ ds Ap`hp S>Zphpey lsy.

kh£dp„ cpfsue raëd Arc_¡sp iplê$MMp__¡ 4f.` %, q¾$L$¡V$f kQu_ s¢Xy$gL$f_¡ 36.9 % ky`f õV$pf Ardspc bÃQ__¡ f0.6 % ds dýep lsp. S>epf¡ kp¥\u gp¡L$râe rhv$¡iu

r`sp sfuL$¡ bfpL$ Ap¡bpdp_¡ 40.3 % ds, |h® ayV$bp¡g M¡gpX$u X$¡rhX$ b¡L$ld 1`.f % A_¡ V$¡r_k õV$pf fp¡S>f a¡X$ff_¡ 13.1 % ds âpá \ep lsp.

kh£dp„ kpd¡g drlgpAp¡_¡ cpfs_u kp¥\u `k„v$Nu_u r`sp-`yÓu_u Å¡X$u_¡ `Z ds Ap`hp S>Zphpey lsy. S>¡dp„ iplê$MMp_ A_¡ s¡d_u yÓu kylp_p_¡ 43.f % ds dýep lsp.

ap^k® X$¡ DS>hpB füp¡ R>¡, Ðepf¡ Brslpkdp„ _Tf _pMhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ dl¡dv$phpv$ _ÆL$ Aph¡gp kp¡Ågu `pk¡ Aph¡gp¡ dL$bfp¡ S>¡ hpÓL$ _v$u_¡ L$p„W$¡ B.k. 1558dp„ r_dp®Z pd¡gp¡ s¡ _Tf kdn spÖíe \pe R>¡.

fp¡Åfp¡Æ_p¡ dL$bfp¡ _pd¡ ÅZusp¡ Ap dL$bfp¡ lS>fs k¥ev$ dybpfL$ irlv$ \sp s¡d_p yÓ k¥ev$ dufp_ byMpfuA¡ r`sp_u epv$dp„ 66 S>¡V$gp L$v$phf r`gf `f r_dp®Z L$ep£ lsp¡. Ap r`gfp¡ NZsfu L$fu _ iL$pe s¡hu S>qV$g `Ý^rs\u b_phhpdp„ Apìep R>¡. lS>fs k¥ev$ dybpfL$ d|m L$`X$h„S>_p lsp A_¡ Alu lydpey_u kpd¡ B.k. 1528dp„ S„>N gX$u_¡ irlv$ \ep lsp. s¡d_¡ Alu S> v$a_phpep lsp. s¡d_p `yÓ dufp_¡ `Z A¡hu BÃR>p ìeL$s L$f¡gu L$¡, s¡_p d©Ðey `R>u s¡_¡ `Z Alu S> v$a_phhpdp„ Aph¡. B.k. 1618dp„ S>lp„Nuf¡ Alu_u dygpL$ps rgû lsu A_¡ _v$u L$p„W$¡ b¡ku_¡ dpR>guAp¡ L$X$u lsu.

r`s©â¡d ^fphsy NyS>fps_y„ A¡L$ A_p¡My õ\p_:ap^k® X$¡ - 1` S|>_ : iplê$MMp_ b¡õV$ `à`p


dlpkpNf `qfep¡S>_p rhïh dlpkpNf _¡V$hL®$ kp\¡ cpNuv$pfudp„ L$pe® L$fsu Ap ep¡S>_p Ap`Zp Æh_dp„ dlpkpNfp¡_u dlÑp rhi¡ ÅN©rs a¡ghhp_y„ A_¡ s¡dp gp¡L$p¡_u dv$v$ g¡hp_y„ L$pe® L$f¡ R>¡. Ap

qv$hk_u DS>hZu Ap`Z_¡ S>_ÅN©rs dpfas qL$_pfpAp¡_u õhÃR>sp, i¥nrZL$ L$pe®¾$dp¡, L$gp ârsep¡rNspAp¡, QgrQÓ dlp¡Ðkh A_¡ Ap âL$pf_p

A_¡L$ L$pe®¾$dp¡ Ÿpfp kp„L$m¡ R>¡.

Ap`Zu `©Õhu_p¡ Apif¡ 70 % cpN dlpkpNfp¡\u R>hpe¡gp¡ R>¡. Ap dlpkpNfp¡dp„ `©Õhu `f_y„ D`gå^ kdN° S>m ¥L$u_y„ Apif¡ 97 % S>¡V$gy S>m kdprhô$ R>¡. dlpkpNfp¡_u rhipmsp_p¡ A„v$pT A¡ bpbs\u gNphu iL$pe R>¡ L$¡, ANf ©Õhu_p v$f¡L$ dlpkpNf_¡ A¡L$ rhipm dlpkpNf dp_u g¡hpe sp¡ s¡_u syg_pA¡ `©Õhu_p v$f¡L$ dlpqÜ` A¡L$ _p_p V$p`y kdp_ ârss \i¡. `©Õhu `f dy¿eÐh¡ `p„Q dlpkpNf Aph¡gp R>¡. dlpkpNf Ap`Zu `©Õhu `f dpÓ Æh__y„ ârsL$ _\u, `f„sy èp®hfZ k„syg_dp„ `Z `°dyM c|rdL$p cS>h¡ R>¡. ©Õhu f Æh__p¡ Apf„c dlpkpNfp¡dp„ dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. s¡_p S>mdp„ S> â\dhpf Æh__y„ A„Ly$f ayV$ey lsy. dlpkpNfp¡_y„ kpdprS>L$, kp„õL©$rsL$ A_¡ Apr\®L$ ê$`¡ dp_h Æh_dp„ M|b S> dlÐh fl¡gy R>¡. `p¡sp_p Apf„rcL$ L$pm\u gB_¡ ApS> kyû dlpkpNf Æh__p rhrh^ ê$`p¡_¡ Åmhu fpM¡ R>¡. `©Õhu_p rhipm S>m c„X$pf lp¡hp kp\¡ s¡ `psp_u A„v$f A_¡ Apk`pk A_¡L$ _p_p dp¡V$p `qfs„Óp¡_¡ `_pl Ap`¡ R>¡. S>¡dp rhrh^ âL$pf_u h_õ`rs A_¡ Æh kpd¡g R>¡. S>¡dp rhipmL$pe ìl¡g \u gB_¡ kyÿd Æh_p¡ Z kdph¡i \pe R>¡. A¡L$ A_ydp_ A_ykpf dpÓ dlpkpNf_u A„v$f S> Apif¡ 10 gpM S>¡V$gu âÅrsAp¡ D`[õ\s lp¡B iL$¡ R>¡. S>¥h rhrh^sp\u k„`Þ_ lp¡hp kp\¡ dlpkpNf fsu_p dp¥kd_¡ r_^p®qfs L$f_pf dlÐh_y„ L$pfL$ R>¡. kdyÖu S>m_u ghZsp A_¡ rhriô$ Dódp^pqfsp_p¡ NyZ ©Õhu f dp¥kd_¡ âcprhs L$f¡ R>¡. hs®dp_ kde¡ dp_hue NrsrhrÂp¡_p âcph_¡ L$pfZ¡ kdyÖp¡_p sV$ue n¡Óp¡ `f âvy$jZ_y„ õsf hû füy R>¡. Äep„ sV$ue n¡Ó rhi¡j L$fu_¡ _v$uAp¡_p dyM `pk¡ k|e® âL$pi_u èp®ásp_¡ L$pfZ¡ Ar^L$ S>¥h rhrh^sp fphsp n¡Óp¡ ê$`¡ ÅZusp lsp, s¡ n¡Óp¡_p kdyÖu S>mdp„ ApS>¡ cpf¡ dpÓpdp„ âvy$jZL$pfu sÐhp¡ dmu füp lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ Ðep_y„ Æh_ k„L$V$dp„ R>¡.

qv$hk-8 S|>_hj® 2014_p¡ rhje:" A¡L$ kp\, Ap`Z¡ kdyÖ_u fnp dpV$¡ iqL$s R>uA¡'

8 S|>__p qv$hk¡ vy$r_epcfdp„ rhïh dlpkpNf qv$hk_u DS>hZu L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. rhïhdp„ kdyÖ_u dlÐh`|Z® c|rdL$p âÐe¡ ÅN©rs h^pfhp dpV$¡ A_¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue õsf¡ gp¡L$p¡ kdn dlpkpNfp¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ Aph_pf `X$L$pfp¡ âÐe¡ dprlsNpf L$fhp_p l¡sy\u Ap qv$hk_u DS>hZu_p k„L$ë` kp\¡ L$¡_¡X$p Ÿpfp 8 S|>_ 199f_p fp¡S> b°pÆg_p "qfAp¡ qv Å_¡fp¡' Mps¡ dm¡gp ©Õhu k„d¡g_(A\® krdV$)dp„$ fS|>Aps L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. Ðepfbpv$\u hj® f008 kyû Ap qv$hk_¡ A_Ar^L©$s fus¡ DS>hhpdp„ Aphsp¡ lsp¡. k„eyL$s fpô²$ k„O Üpfp hj® f009\u s¡_u DS>hZu_¡ Ar^L©$s L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. A¡ hj® v$frdep_ DS>hZu_u \ud lsu "Ap`Zp dlpkpNf Ap`Zu S>hpbv$pfu ' Äepf¡ A_Ar^L©$s DS>hZu_u \ud lsu. "A¡L$ dlpkpNf, A¡L$ Apbp¡lhp, A¡L$ crhóe ' 8 S|>_ f013_p fp¡S> \e¡gu rhïh dlpkpNf qv$hk_u DS>hZu_u \ud "krlepfu iqLs Üpfp kdyÖ_¡ bQphu iL$uA¡ ' lsu. rhïh dlpkpNf qv$hk A¡ rhïh_p dlpkpNfp¡_y„ kçdp_ L$fhp_u sL$ õhê$`¡ DS>hhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. dlpkpNfp¡ dpfas âpá \su hõsyAp¡ S>¡hu L$¡, kdyÖu cp¡S>_, epspeps kyrh^pAp¡ A_¡ A_¡L$ qL„$dsu hõsyAp¡_p¡ kdph¡i \pe R>¡.

cNhp_ îu S>NÞ_p\Æ _NfepÓp

`yfu d„qv$f (Ap¡qX$kp) :Ap¡qX$kp_u fpS>^p_u c|h_¡ðf\u ` qL$.du. v|$f Aph¡gp sV$ue il¡f yfu Mps¡

cNhp_ îu S>Nßp\Æ_p 1fdu kv$u_p d„qv$fdp„ 28 S|>__p fp¡S> AjpY$u buS>¡ îu S>NÞ_p\Æ, cpB bmcÖ A_¡ bl¡_ kycÖp_u cìe f\epÓp r_L$mu lsu. "`l„X$u' _pd\u dil|f epÓp kdpfp¡ldp„ v$¡hspAp¡_u ârsdpAp¡_¡ d„qv$fdp„\u blpf L$pY$u_¡ a¡fhhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. gpL$X$p_p f\dp„ ep¡Åe¡gu f\epÓp ârkÂ^ S>Nßp\Æ d„qv$f\u 3 qL$.du. v|$f Ny„qX$Qp d„qv$f Mps¡ gB S>hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ Ðepfbpv$ 9 qv$hk R>u v$¡hspAp¡_¡ f\dp„ pR>p îuS>NÞ_p\Æ d„qv$fdp„ gphhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. S>¡_¡ "b©lv$ ÅÓp' L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

Adv$phpv$ îu S>NÞ_p\Æ_u 137du f\epÓp

Adv$phpv$ il¡fdp„ `°\d f\epÓp AjpY$u buS> d„Nmhpf¡ f Sy>gpB 1878_p fp¡S> r_L$mu lsu. Ap hMs_u f\epÓp 137du f\epÓp lsu. S>¡_p¡ `°pf„c 28 S|>_¡ khpf¡ 07 L$gpL$¡ \ep¡ A_¡ fpÓ¡ 8.30 L$gpL$¡ _uS> d„qv$f fs afu lsu.

10 Sy>gpB_p fp¡S> AjpY$u buS>_p¡ sl¡hpf Apìep¡ lp¡e A_¡ f\epÓp r_L$mu lp¡e s¡hu OV$_p Qpfhpf b_u R>¡. S>¡dp„ hj® 1918, 1937, 1994, f013_p 10 Sy>gpB_p qv$hk¡ f\epÓp ep¡ÅB lsu. NyS>fpsdp„ _p_u dp¡V$u \B_¡ 13f f\epÓpAp¡ r_L$mu lsu.dy¿ed„Óu Ap_„v$ub¡_ `V$¡g¡ â\d hMs "`rlÞv$' rhr^ L$fu_¡ f\epÓp_¡ âõ\p_ L$fpìey„ lsy„. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u 12 hMs "`rlÞv$' rhr^dp„ cpN gB QyL$ep R>¡.ApL$pidp„\u f\epÓp_p ê$V$ `f _S>f fpMhp `p¡guk s„Ó Üpfp

17 qL$gp¡duV$f S>¡V$gp¡ ê$V$ ^fphsu cph_Nf il ¡f_u cNhp_ îu S>Nßp\Æ_u f\epÓp Ap hj£ `Z Dd„Nc¡f DS>hpB lsu. Ap f\epÓp AÐepf kyû_u Ly$g f9du f\epÓp lsu. kycpj_Nf Mps¡_p cNhp_¡ðf dlpv$¡hÆ d„qv$fdp„ S>Nßp\Æ_u `yÅ AQ®_p L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. gp¡M„X$u yê$j A_¡ Ap^|r_L$ cpfs_p riëù kfv$pf h‰ccpB `V$¡g_¡ kp¥ â\d `p¡sp_y„ cph_Nf fpS>e A`®Z L$f_pf âÅ hÐkg fpS>hu dlpfpÅ L©$óZLy$dpftklÆ_p h„i S> dlpfpÅ îu rhS>efpS>tklÆ s\p eyhfpS> S>erhftklÆA¡ kp¡_p_p "kphfZp' \u "R>¡X$p`p¡fp' A_¡ "`rlÞv$' rhr^ L$fu_¡ f\epÓp_¡ âõ\p_ L$fpìey lsy.

- L$ÃR>u _hy hj® AjpY$u buS>¡ iê$ \pe R>¡. Ap qv$hk¡ s¡Ap¡ _hy hj® DS>h¡ R>¡. Ap f„`fp pR>gp 900 S>¡V$gp hj® iê$ lp¡hp_y„ dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. A¡L$ dpÞesp A_ykpf Åd gpMp aygpZu_p Apv$¡i_¡ dpÞe fpMu_¡ Ap qv$hk¡ _hy hj® DS>hhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. L$¡V$gpL$ gp¡L$p¡ Ap qv$hk_¡ "kp¥fQp„v$' sfuL$¡ `Z k„bp¡^¡ R>¡.

- c¢kpZ _ÆL$ ârkÂ^ `fb^pd Mps¡ k„s v$¡huv$pk A_¡ Adf v$¡huv$pk_p _pv$ kp\¡ AjpY$u buS> dlp¡Ðkh DS>hpep¡ lsp¡. prd®L$ rhr^ bpv$ Al] v$f hj®_u f„`fp dyS>b kp„õL©$rsL$ gp¡L$d¡mp¡ ep¡Åep¡ lsp¡.

AjpY$u buS>¡ DS>hpsp AÞe DÐkh


A¡_.

S>_pv®$

_ f¡Í

$u

drgL$ b¢S>¡gpDg

rldpge_ âpL©$rsL$ rd_fg hp¡V$f b°p„X$_p k„õ\p`L$ v$pv$u bgkpfp 19 S|>_¡ 81 hj®_u he¡ lpV®$ A¡V$¡L$_¡ L$pfZ¡ lp¡V$g spT dp_tkl Mps¡ r_^_ `pçep lsp. s¡Ap¡ 36 hj® `l¡gp lp¡V$g_p Dv$¹OpV$_ bpv$\u lp¡V$gdp„ S> fl¡sp lsp.

_pN`yf Mps¡ A¡g.ApB.ku.dp„ L$pfqL®$v$u iê$ L$fu_¡ Å`p_u V$¡gurhT_ Q¡_gdp„ `p¡sp_u k„`|Z® Æh_ i¥gu_p L$pe®¾$dp¡_u d¡S>bp_u L$fsp lsp. s¡d_p¡ ip¸ "e| A¡ÞX$ ep¡f X$¡qõV$_u A¡ÞX$ `phf Ap¸a ^ dpBÞX$' M|b S> rlV$ \ep¡ lsp¡.

srdg raëd DÛp¡N_p ÅZusp raëd r_dp®sp, r_v$£iL$ fpd_pfpeZ_y„ ff S|>_¡ 6` hj®_u he¡ tkNp`yf Mps¡ r_^_ \ey s¡dZ¡ 1f` S>¡V$gu raëdp¡_y„ r_v$£i_ L$f¡gy R>¡. S>¡ A¡L$ r_v$£iL$ Üpfp r_v$£ius Ar^L$sd raëdp¡_p¡ rhð f¡L$p¡X®$ R>¡.

Ø ârkÂ^ bp„Ágp kprlÐeL$pf iqL$s`v$ fpS>Nyê$ 1f S|>__p fp¡S> L$p¡gL$sp Mps¡ 9f hj®_u he¡ r_^_ pçep.

Ø s¡d_p¡ S>Þd 1 a¡b°yApfu 19ff_p fp¡S> .b„Npm_p bp„Ly$X$p rS>ëgpdp„ \ep¡ lsp¡. dyri®v$pbpv$\u `°pf„rcL$ rinZ qg^p bpv$ s¡dZ¡ LgL$Ñp e|r_hrk®V$udp„\u õ_psL b_u_¡ B.k.194`dp„ g¡M_ L$pe® iê$ L$ey® lsy.

Ø s¡d_u gM¡gu kps S>¡V$gu `yõsL$p¡ `f\u raëdp¡ `Z b_u lsu. S>¡dp„ A_pdyj, d¡^¡ Y$pL$p spfp, bfkps L$u A¡L$ fps dy¿e R>¡.

Ø âdyM kprlÐe fQ_p d¡^¡ Y$pL$p spfp, dp¡_u b¡Nd, Asf¡-A„sf¡, rS>bp¡_ L$lp_u, A_yk„^p_, Adp_yj, crN_u.

Ø s¡dZ¡ gM¡gp D`Þepkp¡_p¡ rlÞv$u, sqdg A_¡ dgepgd cpjpdp„ A_yhpv$ `Z \ep¡ R>¡. s¡d_u kprlqÐeL$ fQ_pAp¡ l¡sykf rhc|rs c|jZ A_¡ ArMg cpfsue gpe_ yfõL$pf (f009)\u kçdpr_s \B QyL$ep R>¡.

iqL$s`v$ fpS>eNyê$buÅ rhð eyÂ^ v$frdep_ _hpTp¡ L$p¡X$dp„ hps L$f_pf

A„rsd ìeqL$s Q¡õV$f _¡S> 4 S|>__p fp¡S> 93 hj®_u he¡ AgbyL$L®$, Þe| d¡qL$kL$p¡ Mps¡ p¡sp_p Of¡ r_^_ pçep.

Q¡õV$f _¡S> f9 S>¡V$gp Ad¡qfL$u k¡_p kv$õep¡ `¥L$u_p A¡L$ lsp L$¡ S>¡dZ¡ L$v$u _ sp¡X$u iL$_pf _hpTp¡ L$p¡X$_u fQ_p L$fu lsu. ApS> kyû L$p¡B`Z ìeqL$s Ap L$p¡X$ sp¡X$u iL$ey _\u.

d¡ 194fdp„ Ad¡qfL$u k¡_p_p rlõkp Ap v$f¡L$ f9 _hpTp¡ L$p¡X$ fQ_pf_¡ dfu_ L$p¡àk®dp„ kpd¡g \ep bpv$ `°ip„s n¡Ó_p eyÂ^_p d¡v$p_dp„ dp¡L$gu v$¡hpdp„ Apìep lsp. Ap L$p¡X$ s¡d_p S>qV$g Apqv$hpku cpjp (_hpTp¡) `f Ap^pqfs A_¡ AguqMs lsp¡. Ap L$p¡X$ s¡d_p kyfrns k„Qpf dpV$¡_p¡ A¡L$dpÓ D`pe lsp¡.

B.k.f001dp„ f9 d|m _hpTp¡ L$p¡X$ Dèp¡NL$sp®Ap¡_¡ s¡d_u k¡hp bv$g L$p¸ÞN°¡k_g Np¡ëX$ d¡X$g `yfõL$pf\u kçdpr_s L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp.

"_hpTp¡ L$p¡X$' dp„ hps L$f_pf A„rsd ìeqL$s Q¡õV$f _¡S>

_hpTp¡ L$p¡X$ :

b°pÆg_p |h® ayV$bp¡g õV²$pBL$f a_p®ÞX$p¡ g|rkep L$p¡õV$p 36 hj®_u he¡ 7 Sy>__p fp¡S> L$¡qÞÖe b°pÆg Mps¡ r_^_ pçep.

Np¡`pr_ep Mps¡ S>Þd¡gp a_p®ÞX$p¡A¡ hj® f001dp„ Ap¡g„qç`L$ durk®g¡ kp\¡ L$fpf L$fsp `l¡gp õ\p_ue L$gb Np¡A¡k kp\¡ `p¡sp_u ayV$bp¡g L$¡qfef_u iê$Aps L$fu lsu s\p `p¡sp_u Ap„sffpô²$ue L$áp_u hj® f006dp„ `p¡sp_p¡ â\d L$p¡`p rgbfV$¡X$k® rMspb, hj® f006dp„ auap L$gb rhð L$` s\p rfep¡ N°p„X$¡ v$p¡ kyg_p¡ rMspb b¡ hpf âpá L$ep£ lsp¡. B.k.f011çp„ ayV$bp¡gdp„\u kÞepk gB_¡ Sy>gpB f01fdp„ Ap„sffpô²$ue L$p¡Q bÞep `f„sy dpÓ Qpf dpkdp„ S> s¡d_¡ `v$ `f\u vy$f L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp.

b°pÆg_p `|h® õV²$pBL$f a_p®ÞX$p¡v$pv$u bgkpf$prbepk _v$udp„ rhÛp\}Ap¡_u S>m kdpr^d_pgu\u 40 qL$.du. vy$f d_pgu-qL$fs`yf

fpS>dpN® f \gp¡V$ pk¡ l¥v$fpbpv$_p rhop_ S>ep¡rs A¡qÞS>q_ef]N A_¡ V$¡L¹¹_p¡gp¸Æ_p rhÛp\} rbepk _v$udp„ Xy$bu Nep lsp.

Ap OV$_p 1f6 d¡Nphp¸V$ gpfÆ lpBX²$p¡ `qfep¡S>_p_p S>mpiedp„\u AQp_L$ pZu R>p¡X$hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ S>mõsfdp„ h^pfp¡ \hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ b_u lsu.

A¡L$ kde¡ Akddp„ Qpg¡gp âNrsiug kp„õL©$rsL$ Ap„v$p¡g_ kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gp A_¡ c|`¡_ lÅqfL$p bpv$ Akd_p kp¥\u gp¡L$râe NpeL$ A_¡ rbl| Nusp¡_¡ k|fdp„ Y$pmu_¡ dep®v$us iåv$p¡dp„ fS|> L$fu_¡ rbl|Nusp¡_¡ rhi¡j Ap¡mM A`ph_pf MN¡_ dl„s Np¡lpsu Mps¡ lpV®$ A¡V$¡L$_¡ L$pfZ¡ 1f S|>_¡ r_^_ pçep.

cpjp Ap„v$p¡g_ v$frdep_ a¡gpe¡gu tlkp rhê$Â^ rhóZyâkpv$ kcp, l¡dp„N rhðpk, Sy>Ngv$pk kp\¡ dmu_¡ ip„rs A_¡ kv$¹cph_p `f Arcep_ Qgph_pf MN¡_ dl„s¡ B.k.1960dp„ Akdu raëd "i„L$ysgp' dp„ Arc_e L$ep£ lsp¡. s¡dS> ApL$pihpZu dpV$¡ s¡Ap¡A¡ Nus Npep lsp.

rhop_ V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ rhcpN_y„ A_yk„^p_ 38dp„ `p_p\u ApNm.....

"_pkp'_p "L$¡`gf õ`¡k ¾$paV$' _p dpÂed\u Ad¡qfL$p_u lphX®$ qõd\ kp¡r_e_ k¡ÞV$f ap¸f A¡õV²$p¡qaqTL$k_p MNp¡mrhv$¹p¡A¡ S|>__p â\d kápldp„ `©Õhu L$fsp 17 NZp¡ dp¡V$p¡ N°l "L$¡`gf 10 ku' ip¡û L$pY$ep_u Op¡jZp L$fu lsu. s¡_p ApL$pf-âL$pf A_¡ QË$p_p¡_u blygsp_¡ _Tfdp„ fpMu_¡ MNp¡mrhv$¹p¡A¡ s¡_¡ "Np¡X$qTgp' N°l_u D`dp Apù R>¡.

NpeL$ A_¡ rbl| kd°pV$ MN¡_ dl„s fpd_pfpeZ-kp¥\u h^y raëdp¡ r_v$£ius L$fhp_p¡ rhð f¡L$p¡X®$ ^fph¡ R>¡

q¾$k bN®f v$rnZ ApräL$p_p `|h® V$¡õV$ q¾$L$¡V$f b¡V$kd¡_ q¾$k bN®f 16 S|>_¡ 78 hj®_u he¡ q_^_ pçep.

v$rnZ`|h® A¡riep_p d¡L$p„N n¡Ódp„ hj® f01f-13_u hÃQ¡ 367 S>¡V$gu _hu rhv$¡iu âÅrsAp¡_u ip¡^ L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. Ap _hu ip¡^p¡ rhj¡ hëX®$ hpBëX$ gpBa a„X$ Üpfp Åfu rf`p¡V®$ "rdqõV$fuek d¡L$p¢N'dp„ ` S|>_¡ âL$pris \B R>¡. Ap n¡Ódp„ ip¡^hpd„p Aph¡gu _hu âÅrsAp¡dp„ f90 R>p¡X$, f4 dpR>guAp¡, f1 DceQf, f8 kfuk©` ,1 `nu, 3 õs_^pfu R>¡.qf`p¡V®$dp„ A¡ bpbs `f `Z âL$pi `pX$hpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡ L$¡, N°¡V$f d¡L$p„N n¡Ó vy$r_ep_p `p„Q kp¥\u S>¥h rhrh^sp_p ApLj®Z `¥L$u_y„ A¡L$ R>¡. Ap qf`p¡V$® A_ykpf rhrcÞ_ L$pfZp¡A¡ Ap n¡Ó_¡ âcprhs L$ey® R>¡. S>¡dp„ L$gpBd¡V$ Q¡ÞS>_p qfZpd õhê$`¡ Nfd sp`dp_, yf, vy$óL$pm, sp¡ap_, Ar_e„qÓs byr_epv$u dpmMy, N¥f `pfv$i} M__ NrsrhrÂp¡, L©$rj rhõspf dp¡V$p `pe¡ hÞe Æhp¡_p¡ h¡`pf dy¿e R>¡.

v$rnZ `|h® A¡riep_y„ A¡L$ _hy n¡Ó L$¡, S>ep„ d¡L$p¢N _v$u hl¡ R>¡. S>¡dp„ Qu__p¡ ey_p_ âp„s, çep„dpf, \pBg¡ÞX$, gpAp¡k, L„$bp¡X$uep Z kpd¡g R>¡. d¡L$]N n¡Ó hpO, A¡riepB lp\u, BfphpX$u X$p¡[ëa_, kpAp¡gp A_¡ rhipm L$¡V$rai krls gyàsâpe S„>Ngu âÅrsAp¡_y„ Of R>¡. B.k.1997 \u hj® f011 hÃQ¡ d¡L$]N n¡Ódp„ 1710 _hp Arhðk_ue Æhp¡_y„ rhop_ hZ®_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey R>¡.

b©lv$ d¡L$p„N n¡Ódp„ 367 S>¡V$gu _hu âÅrsAp¡_u ip¡^

d¡L$p„N n¡Ó :

Ap¡`_ A¡L$kk S>_®g "rèf S>¡'dp„ âL$pris A¡L$ dprlsu dyS>b e|_pBV$¡X$ qL„$NX$d_u epL®$ e|r_hrk®V$u_p h¥opr_L$p¡ Üpfp "a¡kgp¡L$' _pd_p¡ `pkhX®$_p¡ rhL$ë` rhL$rks \ep¡ R>¡. a¡kgp¡L$ a¡rieg qfL$[‚i__u Ah^pfZp `f Ap^pqfs R>¡. Ap âL$pf_y„ r_dp®Z Ap¡mMusp Ql¡fpAp¡_u d_p¡h¥opr_L$ `fM `f Ap^pqfs R>¡. S>epf¡ L$p¡B ìeqL$s p¡sp_u rkõV$d_¡ kyfrns fpMhp dpV$¡ gp¡N B_ L$f¡ R>¡, Ðepf¡ Ql¡fp_u A¡L$ kyrQ b_u Åe R>¡ A_¡ ìeqL$s kp¥\u qfrQs Ql¡fp¡ `k„v$ L$fu iL$¡ R>¡. Ap bpbs Dèp¡NL$sp® dpV$¡ kfm A_¡ l¡L$k® dpV$¡ X$L$pfê$` b_¡ R>¡. Dèp¡N L$sp® qfrQs Ql¡fp_¡ epv$ fpMu iL$¡ R>¡, f„sy rb_ Dèp¡Nu `pkhX®$ cygu S>sp lp¡e R>¡.

îu lqfL$p¡V$p_p ksuj h_ k¡ÞV$f Mps¡\u 30 S|>_¡ Bkfp¡ Üpfp p„Q D`N°l Qpf AgN AgN v$¡i äp„k, S>d®_u, L$¡_¡X$p, tkNp`yf_p ù.A¡k.A¡g.hu.ku.-f3 Üpfp kamsp`|h®L$ ân¡`Z L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp.

Ap v$f¡L$ D`N°l A¢qV²$L$k (Bkfp¡_u hprZS>e ipMp) Üpfp D`N°lp¡ k„„b„r^s rhv$¡iu k„õ\pAp¡ dpV$¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gp L$fpf A„sN®s ân¡r`s L$fhpd„p Apìep lsp.

D`N°lp¡ :«äpk„ _,„y äQ¢ A\ ®Apå¡ Thi£ _ kV¡ $g¡ pBV$ "õ`pV¡ $-7' S>_¡ „y hS>_ 714 qL$.Np° . S>V¡ $g y R> ¡ A_ ¡ s ¡ cpfsue qfdpV¡ $ kq¡ ÞkN„ rkõV$d kdp_ R>.¡« S>d®_u_p¡ 14 qL$.N°p. hS>_ fphsp¡ k¡V$¡gpBV$

« L$¡_¡X$p_¡ NLS 7.1 (CAN-4X) >A_¡ NLS 7.2 (CAN-5X) S>¡ âÐe¡L$ 1` qL$.N°p. hS>_ fph¡ R>¡.« BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$ Ap¸a A¡fp¡õ`¡k õV$X$uS>, e|r_hrk®V$u Ap¸a V$p¡f¡ÞV$p¡_p¡ 7 qL$.N°p. hS>__p¡ D`N°l« tkNp`yf_p¡ k¡V$¡gpBV$ h¡gp¸L$k-1 S>¡ tkNp`yf_u _¥_ep„N e|r_hrk®V$u Üpfp b_phhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡. S>¡dp„ A¡d.B.A¡d.A¡k. Ap^pqfs

ù.A¡k.A¡g.hu.ku.-f3_y„ `p„Q D`N°lp¡ kp\¡ ân¡`Z

`pkhX®$_p¡ rhL$ë` b_i¡ "a¡kgp¡L$'

L$¡`gf 1

0-ku

L$¡`gf 10-ku _u rhi¡jspAp¡ :- ApL$pfdp„ ©Õhu L$fsp 17 NZp¡ dp¡V$p¡ A_¡ hS>_dp„ X$bg - "L$p¢õV$¡g¡i_ X$²¥L$p¡' _pd_p spfpd„X$mdp„ qõ\s- |Z® fus¡ _L$L$f A_¡ QË$p_u blygsp fphsp¡ N°l- p¡sp_p k|fS>_u A¡L$ âv$rnZp L$fsp 4` qv$hk gpN¡ R>¡.- ©Õhu L$fsp X$bg\u Z h^y S|>_p¡ A_¡ ©Õhu\u 560 âL$pi hj® vy$f.

22


7000 V$__u rhõ\p`_ ndsp fphsy kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ õhv$¡iu eyÂ^ S>lpS> ApB.A¡_.A¡k. L$p¡gL$sp dTNp„h X$p¸L$epX$¹k® rgrdV$¡X Üpfp rhL$rks \ey R>¡. s¡dS> s¡ cpfsue _p¥k¡_p_p âp¡S>¡L$V$ 1` Apëap î©„Mgp A„s®Ns rhL$rks L$fhpdp„ Aphu fl¡gp fX$pfdp„ f¡ÞS>dp„ _ Aphu iL$¡ s¡hp rhÂh„kL$ ¥L$u dy¿e S>lpS> R>¡.

ApB.A¡_.A¡k. L$p¡gL$Ñpdp„ 16-k¡g eyr_hk®g hqV®$L$g gp¢Qf dp¸X$¹e|g (e|.hu.A¡g.A¡d.) gpN¡gy R>¡, S>¡ b°ûp¡k rdkpBg_¡ `°n¡r`s L$fu iL$¡ R>¡. A¡ rkhpe s¡dp„ S>du_\u lhpdp„ hpf L$fu iL$su rdkpBg (bfpL$ k¡d) dpV$¡ b¡ hqV®$L$g gp¡„tQN rkõV$d fl¡gu R>¡.

rsê$L$Ly$fg (k„Nd kprlÐe k„N°l `¥L$u_y„ A¡L$)_p 1330 v$p¡lp A_¡ L$rh kyb°drZep cpfsu_u L$rhspAp¡_p¡ Qu__u d¢X$qf_ cpjpdp„ spBhp__p L$rh e| iu A¡ A_yhpv$ L$ep£ R>¡. Å¡ L$¡ cpfsuv$pk__u L$rhspAp¡_p¡ A_yhpv$ lSy> bpL$u R>¡. A_yhpv$_¡ L$pfZ¡ d¢X$qf_ cpju gp¡L$p¡_¡ L$rhspAp¡_u dlp_spAp¡ rhj¡ dprlsu dmi¡.

srdg_pXy$ kfL$pf¡ A_yhpv$ dpV$¡ 77.70 gpM_u fL$d apmhu lsu. srdg e|r_hrk®V$uA¡ srdg kprlÐe_¡ d¢X$qf_dp„ A_yhpv$ L$fhpdp„ dv$v$ L$fu lsu. A_yhpv$_y„ âL$pi_ srdg rhL$pk r_v$£ipge Üpfp \i¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, L$rh e| iu ÅÞeyApfu f014dp„ srdg_pXy$ kfL$pf Üpfp rsê$hëgyf yfõL$pf\u kçdpr_s \B QyL$ep R>¡.

õhv$¡idp„ rhL$rks ApB.A¡_.A¡k. L$p¡gL$sp

cpfsue _p¥ k¡_pdp„ rhdp_hplL$ S>lpS> "ApB.A¡_.A¡k. rh¾$dpqv$Ðe' 14 S|>__p fp¡S> kpd¡g \ey. hX$pâ^p_ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ Np¡hp sV$¡ s¡_y„ Dv$¹OpV$_ L$ey® lsy.

"ApB.A¡_.A¡k.' rh¾$dpqv$Ðe_¡ cpfs¡ fqiep pk¡\u Mfuv$ey R>¡. S>¡ dpV$¡ b„_¡ v$¡i hÃQ¡ hj® f004dp„ kdS|>rs \B lsu. Ap S>lpS> cpfs_¡ hj® f008dp„ kp¢`hp_y„ lsy„ f„sy s¡dp„ Dcu \e¡gu sL$_uL$u dyíL$¡gu_¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡ hj® f014dp„ cpfs_¡ kp¡„`hpdp„ Apìey lsy.

Ü"ApB.A¡_.A¡k. rh¾$dpqv$Ðe' _y„ d|m fqie_ _pd "A¡X$rd_f Np¡i®L$p¡h' lsy.Ü Ap S>lpS> cpfsue _p¥ k¡_p_„y A¡L$ eyÂ^ S>lpS> R>¡. S>¡ cpfsue _p¥k¡_pdp„ ApB.A¡_.A¡k. rhfpV$ bpv$ rbSy> hpeyep_ hplL$ S>lpS> R>¡.Ü rh¾$dpqv$Ðe 4`,300 V$_ hS>_ fphsy f84 duV$f gp„by A_¡ 60 duV$f JQpB fph¡ R>¡. s¡_¡ friep pk¡\u f.3 AbS> Ad¸qfL$u X$p¸gf (14,000 L$fp¡X$)dp„ Mfuv$hpdp„ Apìey R>¡.Ü _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u rh¾$dpqv$Ðe_u dykpafu L$fu_¡ rdN-f9dp„ Z b¡W$p lsp.Ü rh¾$dpqv$Ðedp„ 1600 S>¡V$gp L$d®Qpfu L$pe®fs flu iL$¡ R>¡. s¡d_¡ v$f dpk¡ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p A¡L$ gpM HX$p, f0,000 guV$f v|$^ A_¡ 16 V$_ S>¡V$gp Qp¡Mp_u S>ê$f X$u iL$¡ R>¡.

ApB.A¡_.A¡k. rh¾$dpqv$Ðe cpfsue _p¥ k¡_pdp„ kpd¡g

S>lpS> rhjeL$ ::-

bu.A¡d.hu.A¡k.A¡k. AaOpr_õsp__¡ 1000 S>e`yf ayV$ das Apì¡

cpfs v$¡i_p D`fpô²$`rs A¡d.lrdv$ A„kpfuA¡ ` S|>__p fp¡S> cNhp_ dlphuf rhL$gp„N klpesp krdqs (bu.A¡d.hu.A¡k.A¡k.) _u A¡L$ V$ud_¡ rhL$gp„N dpV$¡_p L©$qÓd A„N S>e`yf äyV$_p r_dp®sp_¡ AaOpr_õsp_ S>B_¡ L$¡ç` L$fhp gugT„X$u Apù lsu. Al] s¡Ap¡ 1000 S>e`yf ayV$ das Apì¡. V$ud_y„ _¡s©Ðhbu.A¡d.hu.A¡k.A¡k._p k„õ\p`L$ A_¡ dy¿e k„fnL$ X$u.Apf.

dl¡sp L$fi¡. L$pbyg Mps¡ 8 S|>_\u iê$ \e¡gp¡ L$¡ç` 1 dpk kyû Qpgi¡. s¡ v$frdep_ rhL$gp„N_¡ Qpghp dpV$¡ knd b_phhp L©$qÓd A„N, qL$g`k® A_¡ AÞe AphíeL$ klpesp âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡.

AaOpr_õsp_ Mps¡ Ap p„Qdp¡ L$¡ç` R>¡. Ap l¡gp Z Qpf L$¢`dp„ bu.A¡d.hu.A¡k.A¡k. 30`1 ìeqL$sAp¡_¡ L©$rÓd A„N D`gå^ L$fphu QyL$ep R>¡.

bu.A¡d.hu.A¡k.A¡k. S>e`yf_„y A¡L$ _p¡_ N°pÞV$¡X$ k„NW$_ R>¡. S>¡_u õ\p`_p B.k.197`dp„ X$u.Apf. dl¡sp Üpfp \B lsu. L©$qÓd A„Np¡, qL$g`k® rhN¡f¡ gNphhp_p n¡Ódp„ s¡ rhL$gp„Np¡ dpV$¡_y„ vy$r_ep_y„ kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ k„NW$_ R>¡. k„NW$__p L©$qÓd A„N S>e`yf äyV$ L$¡ p¸rge|f¡\_ (ùe|) äyV$ _pd\u ÅZusp R>¡.

Ap õhe„k¡hu k„NW$_ v$f¡L$ âL$pf_u klpesp S>¡hu L$¡ L©$rÓd A„Np¡, qL$g`k® A_¡ AÞe klpesp D`L$fZ S>ê$fuepshpmp gp¡L$p¡_¡ das D`gå^ L$fph¡ R>¡.

cNhp_ dlphuf rhL$gp„N klpesp krdrs :

`qfQpg_ klep¡N A_¡ ndspAp¡_¡ h^pfhp_p l¡sykf cpfsue hpeyk¡_p A_¡ äp„kuku hpeyk¡_p_p¡ qÜ`nue Aæepk Nê$X$ `„Qd f S|>_\u f3 S|>_ kyû Å¡^`yf A¡f b¡T `f ep¡ÅB Nep¡. Ap î¡Zu_p `p„Qdp„ A¡hp qÜ`nue Aæepkdp„ hpeyk¡_p_p Aæepk_p¡ `rfQpg_ v$i®_ `Â^rs_p Sy>v$p Sy>v$p `X$L$pfS>_L$ hpey qõ\rs `qfÖíep¡ Ap^pfus L$pep£ kpd¡g \ep lsp. Ap Aæepk v$frdep_ b„_¡ hpeyk¡_pAp¡_¡ `qfQpg_ hpsphfZdp„ ep¡S>_p b_phhp A_¡ dyíL$¡g qfqõ\rsAp¡dp„ rdi__p k„Qpg_dp„ dv$v$ dmi¡. eyÂ^_p Aæepk v$frdep_ b„_¡ hpeyk¡_p lhpB eyÂ^_p¡ Aæepk L$fhp kp\¡ v$ph`¡Q s\p lydgpAp¡_¡ L$¡hu fus¡ A„Tpd Ap`hp¡ s¡ bpbs_p¡ eyÂ^ Aæepk \ep¡ lsp¡.

eyÂ^ Aæepkdp„ cpfs_p ârsr_rêyÂ^ Aæepkdp„ cpfs v$¡i_y„ ârsr_r^Ðh A¡k.e|. 30, rdN-f7, rdN-f1, bpBk_ A_¡ AhpL$k A_¡

agpBV$ f¡agf rhdp_ ApB.A¡g.78 S>¡hp cpfsue hpeyk¡_p_p ArN°d lfp¡m_p gX$pL|$ rhdp_ kpd¡g \ep lsp.

eyÂ^ Aæepkdp„ äp„k_p ârsr_r^äp„kuku hpeyk¡_pdp„ ârsr_r^Ðh L$¡.ku. 13` f¡agf rhdp_ kp\¡ kudphs} fp¸a¡g gX$pL$| rhdp_ kpd¡g

\ep lsp. Nê$X$ Aæepk rhjeL$ :kp¥\u `l¡gp Nê$X$ Aæepk Áhprgef qõ\s cpfsue A¡fb¡T `f a¡b°yApfu f003dp„ iê$ \ep¡ lsp¡. Nê$X$

Aæepk_y„ A„rsd k„õL$fZ Nê$X$ Qsy\® äp„k_p Bq÷k Mps¡ hj® f010dp„ Apep¡Æs \ey lsy.

Nê$X$ `„Qd qÜ`nue hpeyk¡_p Aæepk rsê$L$Ly$fg A_¡ cpfsu_u L$rhspAp¡_¡ L$rh e| iu A¡ d¢X$qf_ cpjpdp„ A_yhpv$ L$fu

L$Zp®V$L$_p L$fhpf_p sV$ f õhv$¡iu eyÂ^ S>lpS> ApB.A¡_.A¡k. L$p¡gL$sp Üpfp 9 S>|__p fp¡S> ky`f kp¡r_L$ ¾y$S> rdkpBg b°ûp¡k_y„ kam `qfnZ L$fhpdp„ Apìey. Ap rdkpBg cpfs A_¡ friep Üpfp k„eyL$s fus¡ r_dp®Z \e¡gy R>¡. S>¡ f90 qL$gp¡duV$f_p A„sf¡ gÿe f r_ip_ kpû iL$¡ R>¡.

Ap qfnZ â\dhpf L$p¡B õhv$¡iu eyÂ^ S>lpS> Üpfp \ey lsy.

ky`f kp¡r_L$ rdkpBg b°ûp¡k_y„ kam `funZ

`[òd ApräL$pdp„ Bbp¡gp hpefk_p¡ sfMpV$ : 337 _p d©Ðeyrhð Apfp¡Áe k„õ\p Üpfp 18 S|>_¡ Åfu L$fpe¡gu qf`p¡V®$dp„ S>Zpìey R>¡, L$¡ `[òd ApräL$pdp„ OpsL$

Bbp¡gp hpefk_¡ L$pfZ¡ df_pf_u k„¿ep 337 kyû lp¢Qu NB R>¡.

Bbp¡gp hpefk :

rhð_p¡ kp¥\u OpsL$ d_psp¡ Bbp¡gp hpefk â\dhpf B.k.1976dp„ X$¡dp¡¾$¡V$uL$ qf`qågL$ Ap¸a L$p¢Np¡ Mps¡ dmu Apìep¡ lsp¡. AÐepf kyû s¡_p¡ BgpT L$¡ fku b_u iL$u _\u. fp¡N_p gnZ TpX$p-DëV$u, fL$sõÓph rhN¡f¡ R>¡.Ap hpefk fL$s, dm, fk¡hp¡ S>¡hp k„`L®$_¡ L$pfZ¡ s\p vy$rjs gpip¡_¡ Akyfrns fus¡ _pi L$fhp_¡ L$pfZ¡ a¡gpe R>¡.

e|_¡õL$p¡_u Ad|s® kp„õL©$rsL$ rhfpks_p fnZ l¡sykf_u A„sf kfL$pfu krdrs_p kv$õe sfuL$¡ 4 S|>__p fp¡S> cpfs v$¡i_u `k„v$Nu ApNpdu Qpf hj® (f014-f018) dpV$¡ \B R>¡. Ap `k„v$Nu âq¾$ep e|_¡õL$p¡_p `¡qfk Mps¡_p dy¿epge Mps¡ \B lsu. S>¡dp„ e|_¡õL$p¡_p kv$õe v$¡ip¡_u dlpkÑpAp¡A¡ cpfs_u `k„v$Nu L$fu lsu. Q|„V$Zudp„ e|_¡õL$p¡_p kv$õe v$¡ip¡ sfa\u Ly$g 14f ds `X$ep lsp. S>¡dp„ 13` ds cpfs_¡ âpá \ep lsp.

e|_¡õL$p¡_u Ap krdrsdp„ hs®dp_dp„ f4 kv$õe R>¡. S>¡_¡ Qpf hj®_u Ahr^ dpV$¡ `k„v$ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. krdrs_y„ dy¿e L$pe® Ad|s® kp„õL©$rsL$ rhfpks_p dlÐh âÐe¡ õ\p_ue, fpô²$ue A_¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue õsf `f ÅN©rs h^pfhp_y R>¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, "Ad|s® kp„õL©$rsL$ rhfpks_u kyfnp l¡sy A„sf kfL$pfu krdrs'dp„ cpfs_u k„v$Nu buÆhpf \B R>¡. Ap l¡gp hj® f006dp„ (f006-f010)dp„ cpfs_u k„v$Nu \B lsu.

cpfs e|_¡õL$p¡_u "Ad|s® kp„õL©$rsL$ rhfpks_p fnZ l¡sykf A„sf kfL$pfu krdrs'_y„ kv$õe bÞey

23

dy„bB b„v$f _ÆL$ Ap¡Nô$ f013dp„ vy$O®V$_pN°õs lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ S>m kdpr^ g¡_pf cpfsue _p¥k¡_p_u kbdqf_ ApB.A¡_.A¡k. tk^yfnL$_¡ Xy$bu_¡ _yL$ip_ \sp bQphhp dpV$¡ Ad¡qfL$u L„$`_u qfÅ¸ëh dfu__¡ f40 L$fp¡X$dp„ L$p¡ÞV²$pL$V$ A`pep¡ lsp¡. S>¡ L$pe® |Z® L$fhp 160 qv$hk_u dyv$s Ap`hpdp„ Aphu lsu.

qfÅ¸ëh dqf_ L„$`_u Üpfp ApB.A¡_.A¡k. tk^yfnL$_¡ bQphu_¡ S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> blpf L$pY$u_¡ v$rnZ dy„bB_u _p¥k¡_p X$p¸L$epX®$ f gB S>hp_y Apep¡S>_ \B füy R>¡. rhi¡j D`L$fZp¡_u dv$v$\u blpf L$pY$hpdp„ Aph¡gu Ap kbdqf_ Å¡ dfçds bpv$ Dèp¡N gpeL$ _l] S>Zpe sp¡ s¡_¡ k¡hp dyL$s L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡.

ApB.A¡_.A¡k. tk^y fnL$_¡ qfÅ¡ëh dqf_ Üpfp bQphpB


L$sf_u fpS>^p_u v$p¡lp Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s \e¡gp 38dp„ kÓ v$fqdep_ rhð rhfpks krdrs Üpfp e|_¡õL$p¡_u hëX®$ l¡fuV$¡S> k|Qu_¡ Ål¡f L$fhp_u d„S|>fu ff S|>_¡ âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. S>¡dp„ Qu__u "N°¡V$ L$¡_pg', "âpQu_ rkëL$ê$V$' A_¡ NyS>fps_p pV$Z_u "fpZ L$u hph'_¡ kpd¡g L$fhpdp„ Apìep R>¡.

rhð_p¡ kp¥\u gp„bp¡ L©$qÓd S>mdpN® R>¡. S>¡ Qu__u fpS>^p_u b¡BÆ„N A_¡ Qu__p `|h} âp„s T¡qT„N Mps¡_p lp¡ÁT| kyû Ly$g 1794 qL$gp¡duV$f_u g„bpB ^fph¡ R>¡.

Qu_, L$TpqL$õsp_ A_¡ qLN}õsp_ Üpfp k„eyL$s ê$`¡ rkëL$ê$V$_¡ rhð rhfpks õ\m sfuL$¡ kpd¡g L$fhp Aph¡v$_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. Qu_ Üpfp â\dhpf Ap fus¡ buÅ v$¡ip¡ kp\¡ dmu_¡ Aph¡v$_ Ap`hpdp„ Apìey lsy.

A¡riep A_¡ e|fp¡`_u hÃQ¡ ìep`pf A_¡ kp„õL©$rsL$ Apv$p_ âv$p_ dpV$¡ f000 hj® `l¡gp\u AqõsÐh ^fphsp Ap âpQu_ dpN® kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gp 33 A¥rslprkL$ õ\mp¡_y„ _pd kpd¡g L$fhpdp„ Apìey R>¡. S>¡dp„ Qu__p ff, L$TpL$uõsp_-8 A_¡ qL$N}õsp__p ÓZ R>¡. D‰¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, Qu_ p¡sp_u udu `X$u fl¡gu A\® ìehõ\p_¡ bm Ap`hp rkëL$ê$V$_p¡ Dèp¡N L$fu füy R>¡.

N°¡V$ L$¡_pg :

rkëL$ê$V$ :

fpZ L$u hph NyS>fps_p pV$Z il¡fdp„ Aph¡gu R>¡. S>¡ A¡L$ Å¡hpgpeL$ A¥rslprkL$ õ\m R>¡ S>¡_u dygpL$ps¡ v$¡i-rhv$¡i\u âhpkuAp¡ Aph¡ R>¡.

AZrlghpX$ `pV$Z_p kp¡g„L$u h„i_p õ\p`L$ d|mfpS>_p `yÓ cudv$¡h-1_u fpZu DÂedsuA¡ s¡d_p `rs_u õd©rsdp„ 11du kv$u_p A„qsd Qsy\p¯idp„ âÅ dpV$¡ `pZu_u kNhX$sp Dcu L$fhp 68 duV$f gp„bu A_¡ f7 duV$f JX$u hph_y„ r_dp®Z L$fpìey lsy. fpZ-L$u-hph kps dpm S>¡V$gu JQu R>¡. hphdp„ v$¡hu-v$¡hspAp¡_u kp\¡ kp\¡ A_yQfsu AàkfpAp¡, _pN L$ÞepAp¡_u L$gpÐdL$ d|rs®Ap¡ A¡L$ DÑd õ\p`Ðe_p¡ _d|_p¡ R>¡. S>¡ S>Nscfdp„ DÑd õ\p`Ðe ¥L$u_y„ NZpe R>¡.

kv$uAp¡ ANpD kfõhsu _v$udp„ Aph¡gp yf A_¡ AÞe bpbsp¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ Ap hph S>du_dp„ v$V$pB NB lsu. ^fsu sm¡ v$bpe¡gu hph L$p¡B_u _Tf¡ QX$u _ lsu. `f„sy f0du kv$u kyû gp¡L$p¡\u Argá fl¡gu Ap hph_¡ d|m õhê$`dp„ gphhp cpfsue `yfpsÐh rhcpN¡ B.k.1968dp„ hphdp„ cfpe¡gu dpV$u_¡ blpf L$pY$hp DÐM__ L$pe® Apf„csp hjp£ bpv$ hph s¡_p d|m õhê$`dp„ Aphu lsu.

Ap hph A¡L$ c|rdNs k„fQ_p R>¡. S>¡dp„ kuX$uAp¡_u A¡L$ î©„Mgp R>¡. lp¡mp Qbysfp, A_¡ qv$hpgp¡ f d|rs®Ap¡ b_¡gu R>¡ S>¡_p klpf¡ JX$p pZudp„ Dsfu iL$pe R>¡. kps dpm_u hphdp„ `p„Q r_L$pk Üpf Aph¡gp R>¡. A_¡ ApS>¡ Z 800 S>¡V$gu d|rs®Ap¡ dp¡S|>v$ R>¡. Ap hph cpfsue `yfpsÐh kh£nZ A„sN®s k„frns õdpfL$ R>¡. B.k.1998dp„ cpfs kfL$pf¡ s¡_¡ rhfpks_u Aõ\pB k|Qudp„ kpd¡g L$fu

lsu f„sy s¡_¡ h¥[ðL$ rhfpks b_phhp L$p¡B âeÐ_p¡ \ep _ lsp.

fpZ L$u hph

e|_¡õL$p¡_u hëX®$ l¡fuV$¡S> õ\m_u k|Qudp„ çep„dpf_y„ â\d v$pi®r_L$ õ\m âpQu_ rè| il¡f_¡ kpd¡g L$fhpdp„ Apìey R>¡. çep„dpf_u â\d kpBV$_¡ Ap k|Qudp„ õ\p_ âpá \ey R>¡. rè| il¡fdp„ ÓZ il¡f l¡rg_, b¡L$\p_p¡ A_¡ îu k¡Óp kpd¡g R>¡. Ap ÓZ¡ n¡Óp¡ çep„dpf_p L$¡qÞÖe iyóL$ n¡Ódp„ Aph¡gp R>¡. s¡_u kpBV$p¡_u qv$hpgp¡ `f rè| fpS>h„i Üpfp r_rd®s Ahi¡j rQrÓs R>¡.

rè| fpS>h„i f00 B.`|.\u gB_¡ 900 B.`|. hÃQ¡ 1000\u h^y hjp£ kyû rhL$rks \ep¡ lsp¡. rè| il¡f BfphpX$u _v$u b¡ku__p iyóL$ n¡Ó_p rhipm tkrQsdp„ qõ\s R>¡. ÓZ¡ il¡fdp„ Ap„riL$ê$`¡ `yfpsqÐhL$ õ\mp¡_y„ Mp¡v$pZ \B füy R>¡. ANpD \e¡gp Mp¡v$L$pd v$frdep_ dl¡g, qL$gp, L$b°õsp_, Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ DÐ`pv$_ kpBV$, HV$\u b_¡gp bp¥Â^ õsy` õdpfL$, Ap„riL$ ê$`¡ JQu qv$hpgp¡ A_¡ S>m âb„^_ kyrh^p S>¡hp Ahi¡jp¡ dmu Apìep R>¡.

âpQu_ rè| il¡f

bp¡Ðkhp_p_y„ Ap¡L$php„Np X$¡ëV$p rhð_u rhfpks k|Qudp„ 1000dy„ õ\m b_u Ney R>¡. Ap X$¡ëV$p DÑf [òd bp¡Ðkhp_p Mps¡ Aph¡gy R>¡. S>¡dp„ õ\peu v$gv$g fphsu S>du_ A_¡ dp¥kdu `yfN°õs d¡v$p_u rhõspfp¡ Aph¡gp R>¡. s¡ A¡hp NÎepNp„W$ep X$¡ëV$p âZpguAp¡ `¥L$u_„y R>¡, S>¡ L$p¡B kpNf L$¡ kdyÖ_¡ dmsy _\u, ApÖ®c|rd âZpgu fph¡ R>¡.

Ap õ\m_u A_p¡Mu rhi¡jsp A¡ R>¡ L$¡, Ap¡L$php„Np¡ _v$udp„ iyóL$ dp¥kddp„ Aphsy hprj®L$ yf L$¡ S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ v$¡iu R>p¡X$ A_¡ Å_hf s¡_u kp\¡ `p¡sp_y„ S>¥rhL$ Q¾$_y„ spgd¡g b_phu g¡¡ R>¡,S>¡ S>mhpey, S>m A_¡ S>¥rhL$ âq¾$epAp¡ hÃQ¡ spgd¡g_y„ Akp^pfZ Dv$plfZ R>¡. Ap X$¡ëV$p rhð_p Ad|L$ khp®r^L$ gyá âpe õs_^pfu âÅrsAp¡ `¥L$u_p QuÑp, ka¡v$ N¢X$p, ApräL$u S„>Ngu Ly$sfp A_¡ rk„l_y„ r_hpkõ\p_ R>¡.

Ap¡L$php„Np X$¡ëV$p (bp¡Ðkhp_p)

"hëX®$ l¡fuV$¡S>'_¡ d„S|>fu_u `q¾$epkp¥ â\d dlÐh`|Z® âpL©$rsL$ A_¡ kp„õL©$rsL$ fp¡lf_u k|Qu b_phhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

à Ðepfbpv$ v$¡i rhv$¡i_p k„b„r^s rhcpN rhð ^fp¡lf L$¡ÞÖdp„ _pdp„L$_ fS|> L$f¡ R>¡. L$¡ÞÖ s¡_¡ kgplL$pf A¡L$d BÞV$f_¡i_g L$pDqÞkg Ap¸a dp¸Þeyd¢V$¹k A¡ÞX$ kpBV$¹k `pk¡ s\p hëX®$ L„$S>h£i_ e|r_e_ `pk¡ d|ëep„L$_ dpV$¡ dp¡L$gu Ap`¡ R>¡.

à A„s¡ rhð rhfpks krdrs L$ep õ\m_¡ hëX®$ l¡qfV$¡S> õ\mdp„ kpd¡g L$fhy s¡_p¡ a¢kgp¡ L$f¡ R>¡.

\p¡X$p kde `l¡gp kQu_ s¢Xy$gL$f_p kçdp_dp„ Qp„v$u_p rkL$L$p Åfu \ep bpv$ lh¡ f3 S|>_¡ rb°V$__u Apfpdv$peL$

hõsyAp¡_u kpdp_ r_dp®Z L$fsu L„$`_u "BõV$ BqÞX$ep' Üpfp 1f000 `pDÞX$_u qL„$ds ^fphsp kp¡_p_p rhriô$ rkL$L$p Åfu L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp. L„$`_u Üpfp h¥[ðL$ õsf¡ dpÓ f10 S>¡V$gp A_¡ f00

N°pd hS>_ ^fphsp rkL$L$p blpf `pX$hpdp„ Apìep R>¡. S>¡_¡ Mfuv$_pf_¡ âdpZuL$sp_„y âdpZ`Ó A_¡ kQu_

s¢Xy$gL$f_p lõspnf ^fphsy b¡V kp\¡$ Ap`hpd„p Aphi¡.

V$pBçk õL$h¡f `f 11,000 gp¡L$p¡A¡ ep¡N L$ep®vy$r_ep_p kp¥\u ìeõs Qp¡L$ ¥L$u_p NZpsp A_¡ Ad¡qfL$p_p Þe|ep¡L®$ il¡fdp„ Aph¡gp V$pBçk õL$h¡f

"¾$p¡k fp¡X$¹k Ap¸a hëX®$' f f1 S|>_¡ A¡L$ kp\¡ 11,000 S>¡V$gp gp¡L$p¡A¡ ep¡N L$ep® lsp. f1 S|>_ hj®_p¡ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ qv$hk lp¡e R>¡. A_¡ ep¡N_u f„`fp dyS>b Ap qv$hk¡ gp¡L$p¡ k|e®_u |Å L$f¡ R>¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, V$pBçk õL$h¡f S>¡hu ìeõs S>ÁepA¡ Âep_ gNhphy dyíL$¡g lp¡e R>¡. Ap Qp¡L$ hëX® A¢V$fV$¡BÞd¡ÞV$ BÞX$õV²$uT_y„ dy¿e k¡ÞV$f Z R>¡.

24

rb°qV$i Nyep_p_u B.k.18`6_u A¡L$ k¢V$_u `p¡õV$ qVqL$V$_u lfpÆ \sp 9.` rdrge_ X$p¸gfdp„ h¡QpZ \ey-vy$r_ep_u kp¥\u qL„$dsu `p¡õV$ qV$qL$V$

Þe|ep¡L®$ Mps¡ kyv$bu Üpfp 18 S|>__p fp¡S> ep¡Åe¡gu lfpÆdp„ hj® 18`6_u rb°qV$i Nyep_p_u A¡L$ k¡ÞV$_u `p¡õV$ qV$qL$V$ f¡L$p¡X®$b°¡L$ 9.` qdrge_ X$p¸gfdp„ h¡QpZu lsu. Ap kp\¡ s¡ vy$r_ep_u AÐepf kyû_u kp¥\u qL„$dsu `p¡õV$ qV$qL$V$ b_u NB R>¡. A¡hy Qp¡\uhpf bÞey R>¡, L$¡ Ap p¡õV$ qV$qL$V$¡ p¡sp_u lfpÆdp„ p¡sp_p¡ S> f¡L$p¡X®$ sp¡X$ep¡ lp¡e. lfpÆdp„ kp¥\u dp¢Ou `p¡õV$ qV$qL$V$_p¡ f¡L$p¡X®$ B.k.18``_u õhuX$__u A¡L$ `p¡õV$ qV$qL$V$_p¡ hj® 1996_p¡ lsp¡. S>¡ f.3 rdrge_ X$p¸gfdp„ h¡QpB lsu.

qV$qL$V$ f g¡qV$_ cpjpdp„ Apv$i® hpL$e : "ld v$¡_¡ Ap¥f bv$g¡¡ d¡ Dçduv$ fMs¡

lfpÆ \e¡gu vy$r_ep_u kp¥\u qL„$dsu `p¡õV$ qV$qL$V$

l¥' g¿ey R>¡. d¡S>¡ÞV$p f„N_p L$pNm f L$pmp f„N\u dyqÖs R>¡. S>¡dp ÓZ S>lpÅ¡_u R>bu s\p ApL$pf f 3 k¡.du. R>¡.

qV$qL$V$_y„ âQg_ A¡L$hpf qV$qL$V$p¡_u ri`d¢V$dp„ hpf gpNhp bpv$ iê$ \ey lsy. `p¡õV$ dpõsf¡ rb°qV$i Nyep_pdp„ Å¡S®>V$pD_dp„ fp¸eg N¡S>¡V$ AMbpf_p dyÖL$p¡\u ri`d¢V$dp„ Aphhp kyû ÓZ `p¡õV$ qV$qL$V$p¡ R>p`hp dpV$¡ L$üy lsy. 1-k¡ÞV_u d¡S>ÞV$p, 4 k¡ÞV$ d¡S>¡ÞV$p A_¡ 4 k¡ÞV$ åëe|.Ap p¸õV$ qV$qL$V$ A¡L$hpf 1f hj®_p bpmL$_¡ dmu lsu.A_¡ bpv$dp„ s¡ A_¡L$ qV$qL$V$ k„N°lL$sp®Ap¡ `pk¡\u `kpf \su hj® 1980dp„ Å¸_ Xy$ `p¢V$_p lp\dp„ Aphu. S>¡Z¡ B.k.1996dp„ `p¡sp_p Ofdp„ Ap¡g„qç`L$ f¡gkf X$¡rhX$ iyëV$¹k_u lÐep L$fsp s¡_¡ S>¡gdp„ kÅ dpV$¡ dp¡L$ghpdp„ Apìep¡. S>ep„ s¡_y„ hj® f01fdp„ r_^_ \B Ney lsy.

#


rb°qV$i raëd "d¡V²$p¡ dr_gp' _y„ cpfsue k„õL$fZ "rkV$u gpBV$¹k' âv$ri®s

dp_hu krls sdpd Æhp¡ S>¡_p D`f Ap^pf fpM¡ R>¡. s¡hu k„`|Z® Ly$v$fsu ìehõ\p_¡ èp®hfZ sfuL$¡ Ap¡mMphu iL$pe lhp, S>¡ Ap`Z¡ ðpkdp„ gBA¡ R>uA¡, S>du_ S>¡ Ap`Z_¡ `p¡j¡ R>¡. _v$u, _pmp„ kdyÖ S>¡ Ap`Z_¡ `pZu Ap`¡ R>¡. `©Õhu_u Apk`pk_y„ hpsphfZ S>¡ `©Õhu D`f Æh_ iL$e b_ph¡ R>¡ s¡dS> AÞe kÆhp¡ S>¡ Ap`Zu kp\¡ Ap `©Õhu D`f AqõsÐh ^fph¡ R>¡ s¡ kOmp_p¡ kdÞhe A¡V$g¡ èp®hfZ. èp®hfZ sdpd kÆhp¡_u Apk`pk a¡gpe¡gy A¡L$ rhipm AphfZ R>¡¡.

Ap`Z¡ Å¡ey s¡d èp®hfZdp„ dp_h, ìy, `nu, h©np¡, ÆhS„>syAp¡ A_¡ AÞe Æh k©[ô$ krls lhp, `pZu, S>du_, âL$pi D`fp„s `©Õhu D`f_p Ly$v$fsu AphfZ_p¡ `Z kdph¡i \pe R>¡. èp®hfZ_p sdpd OV$L$p¡ A¡L$buÅ kp\¡ Arcß`Z¡, `fõ`f NpY$ k„b„^p¡\u Å¡X$pe¡gp R>¡. b^p OV$L$p¡_u âq¾$ep hÃQ¡ r_[òs Ap„sf k„b„^p¡ s¡dS> kdsygp lp¡e R>¡. L$p¡B A¡L$ OV$L$_u âq¾$epdp„ \sp¡ a¡fapf buÅ OV$L$p¡_u âq¾$ep_¡ Akf L$f¡ R>¡. Ap a¡fapf kp^pfZ s¡dS> kde |fsp¡ lp¡e sp¡ s¡ buÅ OV$L$p¡_u âq¾$ep Üpfp k„cpmu g¡hpe R>¡. f„sy Å¡ A¡L$ OV$L$_u âq¾$epdp„ kss Mg¡g lp¢Q¡ sp¡ R>u s¡ b^p S> OV$L$p¡_u âq¾$ep_¡ Akf L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_u Akf kdN° Æh_ k©[ô$ f \pe R>¡.

Ly$v$fsdp„ èp®hfZ_p OV$L$p¡_u r_[òs âq¾$ep_¡ gu^¡ Qp¡L$L$k k„syg_ lp¡e R>¡. dpZk iê$Apsdp„ Ly$v$fsdp„ h_õ`rs, âpZuAp¡, `nuAp¡, Æh-S„>syAp¡ hN¡f¡ kp\¡ lmudmu_¡ Ly$v$fs_p r_edp¡ âdpZ¡ Æh_ rhsphsp¡ lsp¡. `f„sy s¡_u byqÂ^ A_¡ rhQpfhp_u iqL$s_¡ L$pfZ¡ cp¥qsL$ kyM A_¡ h^su S>ê$fuepsp¡_¡ k„sp¡jhp, dpZk¡ rhop_ A_¡ V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ_p n¡Ódp„ âNrs kpû, Ly$v$fs_p r_edp¡_¡ Dh¡Mu, Ly$v$fsu ÷p¡sp¡_p¡ ApX$¡^X$ b¡apd`Z¡ Dèp¡N L$fhp dp„X$ep¡.

Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$fZ_¡ gu^¡ ApS>¡ ©Õhu D`f ep®hfZ h^y_¡ h^y âv|$rjs \B füy R>¡. âv|$jZ D`f Å¡ A„Ly$i _tl d|L$uA¡ sp¡ A¡ kde v|$f _\u ©Õhu D`f_y„ kdN° Æh_ S> _ô$ \B Åe. DÛp¡Np¡_¡ gu^¡ S>¡ lhp Ap`Z¡ ðpkdp„ gBA¡ R>uA¡ A_¡ `pZu, S>¡ Ap`Z¡ ùhp dpV$¡ Dèp¡Ndp„ gBA¡ R>uA¡ s¡ M|b S> âv|$rjs \B Nep R>¡. Ap âv|$jZ s„vy$õfs fus¡ rhL$pk `pdsp Æh_ dpV$¡ A_yL|$m _\u. dp¡V$p il¡fp¡dp„ NuQ hpl_-ìehlpf, rdgp¡ A_¡ L$pfMp__¡ gu^¡ ep®hfZdp„ AhpS>_y„ âv|$jZ a¡gpey R>¡ S>¡ dNS> s\p kdN° Q¡sps„Ó_¡ Akf L$f¡ R>¡.

ApS>¡ âv|$jZ kdN° rhð dpV$¡ N„cuf kdõep R>¡. âv|$jZ_¡ gu^¡ ep®hfZ_u kdsygp_¡ cpf¡ Akf lp¢Qu R>¡ S>¡ kdN° Æh_ k©[ô$ dpV$¡ M|b S> Å¡Mdu R>¡.

èp®hfZ_¡ L$¡hu fus¡ s„vy$fõs fpMu iL$pe s¡dS> rhop_ A_¡ V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ_p rhL$pk_u kp\¡-kp\¡ âv|$jZ_¡ L$¡hu fus¡ _p\u iL$pe s¡_p¡ Ap`Z¡ rhQpf L$fuiy f„sy s¡ l¡gp rhop_ A_¡ V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ_p rhL$pk\u lhp, `pZu A_¡ S>du_ D`f\u Akfp¡ \pe R>¡ s¡ rhNshpf Å¡BA¡.

Æ.ù.A¡k.ku. hN® 1/2 _u rârgd funp Apù fl¡gp Dd¡v$hpfp¡ dpV$¡ kpdpÞe op__p ¡`fdp„ ep®hfZ_¡ gNsp dyv«pAp¡ dpV$¡ Ap rhcpN M|b S> Dèp¡Nu \i¡. Alu Ad¡ ep®hfZ_¡ gNsu L$fÞV$ bpbsp¡_y„ L$g¡L$i_ Ap`_u kdn fS|> L$ey® R>¡. Apip R>¡ L$¡, Ap` kp¥ _¡ s¡ M|b Dèp¡Nu \i¡. Ap rkhpe ep®hfZ_p dyv«pAp¡ dpV$¡ e|r_. N°„\ r_dp®Z bp¡X®$_u dp_h A_¡ ep®hfZ byL$ Mpk hpQhu. ApNpdu A„L$dp„ dp_h k„ip^_ A_¡ ep®hfZ_¡ gNsp âñp¡Ñf Z fS|> L$fuiy. Ap` kp¥ kam s¡hu lpqv®$L$ iyc¡ÃR>pAp¡.

èp®hfZ A¡V$g¡ iy„ ?

f. èp®hfZue OV$L$p¡ A_¡ âv|$jZ :

(1) pZu_m Qpgy L$fhp\u Ap`Z_¡ `pZu dmu S>sy lp¡hp\u Ly$v$fs_p Ap OV$L$_y„ iy„ d|ëe R>¡ s¡_u Ap`Z¡

L$ë`_p L$fu iL$sp _\u. Æh dpÓ dpV$¡ S>m AÐe„s S>ê$fu R>¡. `©Õhu_„y 97 V$L$p `pZu Mpfp kdyÖp¡dp„ kdpe¡gy R>¡ A_¡ bpL$u_p 3 V$L$pdp„\u 1 V$L$p `pZu S> dp_hu_p Dèp¡Ndp„ gB iL$pe s¡hy 1 V$L$p `pZu S>du__u k`pV$u `f _v$u, _pmp s\p kfp¡hfp¡dp„ kdpe¡gy R>¡. S>epf¡ bpL$u_„y 90 V$L$p `pZu kdyÖp¡dp„ S>du__p ¡V$pmdp„ A_¡ °yh âv$¡ip¡dp„ R>¡ S>¡_p¡ Ap`Z¡ lSy> kpfu fus¡ Dèp¡N L$fu iL$sp _\u.

Ap`Z¡ ÅZuA¡ R>uA¡ L$¡ _p_p-dp¡V$p _Nfp¡ _v$uAp¡_p qL$_pf¡ rhL$õep R>¡. s¡_y L$pfZ dpZk `p¡sp_p dpV$¡ Ap _v$uAp¡_u amÖy` MuZp¡dp„ A_pS> DNpX$u iL$¡. iê$Apsdp„ _v$udp„_y„ `pZu dp_hu s¡dS> ìyAp¡_p Dèp¡N\u v|$rjs \sy lsy¡ f„sy Ly$v$fsu âq¾$ep_¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡ pRy> iyÂ^ \B lsy.

hksu h^pfp_¡ L$pfZ¡ _v$uAp¡_p D`fhpk_p¡ rhõspf dp_h âh©rÑ_¡ gu^¡ Ahfp¡^pep¡. h^y_¡ h^y S>du_ M¡su dpV$¡ d¡mhhp Ap rhõspf_p h^y_¡ h^y h©np¡ L$`php gpÁep. dp_hu_u gp¡ch©rÑ r_f„Ly$i b_u. R>¡‰p \p¡X$p hjp£dp„ dp_hu_u hõsudp„ yóL$m h^pfp¡ \hp_p L$pfZ¡ s¡_u S>ê$fuepsp¡ S>¡hu L$¡ M¡su dpV$¡ h^y_¡ h^y S>du_, h_ D`f Ap^pqfs DÛp¡Np¡ A_¡ L$pQp¡dpg, Bdpfsu S>gpD gpL$Xy$, OpkQpfp¡ hN¡f¡ d¡mhhp dpV$¡ _v$uAp¡_p D`fhpkdp„ Aph¡gp h^y_¡ h^y h©np¡ L$`php gpÁep S>¡_y„ `qfZpd rh_piL$ `yfhpf \ey. _v$uAp¡_p D`fhpk_p rhõspf_u hfkpv$_y„ `pZu gp„bp¡ kde k„Ofhp_u ndsp OV$u NB. `qfZpd¡ Qp¡dpkpdp„ _v$uAp¡_p |f Aphhp dp„X$ep A_¡ Qp¡dpkp bpv$ _v$uAp¡ kyL$php dp„X$u L$¡ s¡dp„ pZu Ap¡Ry> \hp dp„X$ey.`yf_p L$pfZ¡ _v$u qL$_pfp_u Apk`pk_p L$p¡sfp¡_u amÖy` S>du__y„ p¡hpZ \ey. S>du__u amÖ„y`sp OV$u, dp_hu `p¡sp_u S>ê$fuepsp¡ k„sp¡jhp h^y_¡ h^y DÛp¡Np¡ õ\p`hp gpÁep¡. Ap DÛp¡Np¡_p¡ L$Qfp¡ h^y_¡ h^y âdpZdp„ _v$uAp¡_p hl¡sp pZudp„ W$ghphhp gpÁep¡. Ap L$Qfp_y âdpZ A¡V$gy b^y h^hp gpÁey L$¡ Ly$v$fsu Ahõ\pdp„ Ap _v$uAp¡_p pZu_u NyZhÑp Åmhu fpMhp_y AiL$e bÞey. dp_hu s¡dS> âpZu_u s„vy$fõsu dpV$¡ Ap pZu_p¡ Dèp¡N Å¡MdL$pfL$ yfhpf \ep¡. pZu âv|$rjs \hp_¡ gu^¡ s¡dS> âpZuAp¡dp„ ÅsÅs_p fp¡Np¡_p¡ riL$pf bÞep.

`pZudp„_p Æhp¡ âv|$jZ_¡ gu^¡ _pi pdhp gpÁep A_¡ _v$uAp¡ h^y_¡ h^y âv|$rjs \hp gpNu.ùhp dpV$¡ s¡dS> tkQpB_u h^su S>su S>ê$qfepsp¡_¡ lp¢Qu hmhp dp_huA¡ _v$uAp¡ D`f dp¡V$p b„^p¡

bp„^hp iê$ L$ep®. A¡ b„^p¡ bp„^hp dpV$¡ lpgdp„ rhfp¡^pcpju d„sìep¡ âhs£ R>¡. ep®hfZip÷uAp¡ dp_¡ R>¡ L$¡, _v$u D`f dp¡V$p b„^p¡ bp„^hp\u D`fhpk_p s¡dS> _uQ¡_p rhõspfp¡_p `qfkf_¡ Akf `lp¢Q¡ R>¡. kss tkQpB_¡ L$pfZ¡ b„^_u _uQ¡_p rhõspfp¡_u S>du_ npfhpmu b_¡ R>¡. A_¡ M¡su dpV$¡ _L$pdu b_su Åe R>¡. dp¡V$p b„^_¡ gu^¡ _vuAp¡_p âhpl Ap¡R>p¡ \B Nep¡ S>¡_p L$pfZ¡ _v$uAp¡_u ApSy>bpSy>_p èp®hfZ s\p `qfkfdp„ Akdsygp Dcu \B.

(f) S>du_ : h_õ`rsh©[ô$ s\p dp_h krls_u âpZuk©[ô$ dpV$¡ S>du_ AphíeL$ R>¡. S>du_ rh_p Æh_ AiL$e

R>¡. S>du_ kÆh, r_Æ®h Apifp¡ Ap`¡ R>¡. S>du__u amÖy`sp `f kly r_c®f R>¡. S>du__u amÖy`sp S>mhpi¡ _lu sp¡ kdN° Æhk[ô$ Å¡Mdpi¡.

rhðdp„ v$f hj£ `0 \u 70 gpM l¡L$V$f kpfu, M¡sugpeL$ S>du__„y ^p¡hpZ \pe R>¡. Ap S> NrsA¡ Å¡ ^p¡hpZ Qpgy fl¡i¡ sp¡ Aphsp f0 hj®dp„ rhð_u 1400 gpM l¡L$V$f S>du__p¡ _pi \i¡. NB kv$u_p A„s kyûdp„ rhð_u hõsu 600 L$fp¡X$\u h^pf¡ \B R>¡.

AS>¥rhL$ OV$L$p¡

NyS>fpsdp„ h©np¡_u qõ\rs

fpô²$ìepù h©npfp¡`Z Arcep__p¡ `°pf„c

à B.k.f011-1f_u h©np¡_u NZsfu dyS>b 167 S>¡V$gu çey.L$p¡`p£. A_¡ _Nf`prgL$p rhõspfdp„ Ly$g 6`.`0 gpM h©np¡ _p¢^pep lsp. S>¡ dyS>b ârs l¡L$V$f 18.9 S>¡V$gu O_sp \pe R>¡.

à N°u_ kuV$u Np„û_Nfdp„ l¡L$V$f v$uW$ h©np¡_u NuQsp 1`f S>¡V$gp h©np¡_u R>¡.à fpS>edp„ Np„û_Nf, hX$p¡v$fp, cph_Nf _Nf`prgL$p rhõspfdp„ kf¡fpi

O_sp L$fsp h^y h©np¡ R>¡. S>epf¡ kyfs, Adv$phpv$, fpS>L$p¡V$, Åd_Nfdp„ h©np¡_u k„¿ep kf¡fpi L$fsp Ap¡R>u R>¡.

à Np„û_Nf, hX$p¡v$fp S>¡hp il¡fp¡_u Apk`pk_p N°pçe rhõspfdp„ h©np¡_y„ AphfZ kpê$ R>¡. S>epf¡ fpS>L$p¡V$dp„ _bmy R>¡.

àfpS>e_u 1`9 çey.L$p¡`p£., _Nf`prgL$pAp¡_u f,12,440 l¡L$V$f S>du_dp„ Ly$g 3f,44,160 h©np¡ R>¡. A\p®s h©np¡_u kf¡fpi l¡L$V$f v$uW$ NuQsp 1`.f7 S>¡V$gu R>¡. f3 S>¡V$gu _Nf`prgL$pdp„ l¡LV$f v$uW$ NuQsp 30 \u 0 S>¡V$gu R>¡. S>epf¡ 70 _Nf`prgL$pdp„ l¡L$V$f v$uW$ 10 L$fsp Z Ap¡R>p h©np¡ R>¡.

çey.L$p¡`p£f¡i_ h©np¡_u k„¿ep NuQspAdv$phpv$ 6,17,090 13.1kyfs 3,33,970 8.4hX$p¡v$fp 7,47,190 45.9Np„û_Nf 8,66,670 152.0fpS>L$p¡V$ 1,37,520 13.2cph_Nf 4,75,950 89.46S|>_pNY$ 76,690 13.05Spd_Nf 45,880 13.04

L$¡qÞÖe S>m k„ip^_ d„Óu Ddp cpfsuA¡ 17 S|>__p fp¡S> _v$uAp¡_¡ bQphhp dpV$¡ A¡L$ fpô²ìepù h©npfp¡`Z Arcep_ A_¡ S>_ ÅN©rs L$pe®¾$d_u iê$Aps L$fu lsu. s¡dZ¡ DÑfpM„X$ Ap`rÑ_p riL$pf \e¡gp gp¡L$p¡_u õd©rsdp„ qv$ëlu Mps¡ edy_p _v$u_p qL$_pf¡ h©npfp¡`Z L$ey® lsy. Ap âL$pf_p L$pe®¾$dp¡, N„Np¡Óu, lqfÜpf, L$p_`yf, hpfpZku, Agplpbpv$, V$Zp, _hpqÜ`, N„NpkpNf Mps¡ Apep¡Æs \ep lsp.

NyS>fps_p dlp_Nfp¡dp„ h©np¡

Ap¸\p¡qfV$u h©np¡_u k„¿ep NuQsp

Ap¥X$p (Adv$phpv$) 7,95,470 13.40

ê$X$p (fpS>L$p¡V$) 1,66,410 2.96

hyX$p (hX$p¡v$fp) 18,14,360 32.97

kyX$p (kyfs) 4,64,510 14.23

bpX$p (cph_Nf) 1,80,910 13.76

Sy>X$p (S|_pNY$) 3,69,780 12.4

Ab®_ X$¡hg`d¡ÞV$ Ap¸\p¡qfV$u rhõspf_u qõ\rs

rhðdp„ ârs rdr_V$¡ 0 A¡L$f S>¡V$gp NuQ S„>Ng_p¡ kapep¡ \B füp¡ R>¡. S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ âqsqv$_ 7f,000 A¡L$f NuQ S„>Ng _pdi¡j \B füy R>¡. rhL$pk_u Ap„^mu v$p¡X$dp„ èp®hfZ S>s__u dpÓ hpsp¡ \B flu R>¡. õhe„k¡hu k„NW$_p¡ s\p k„eyL$s fpô²$ S>¡hu k„õ\pAp¡_p gpM âeÐ_p¡ \sp ep®hfZ âÐe¡ gp¡L$p¡dp„ Z ÅN©rs_p¡ rbgLy$g Acph Å¡hp dmu füp¡ R>¡. ApX$¡^X$ MX$L$pB fl¡gp L$p¢¾$uV$_p S„>Ngp¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ h©np¡_y„ r_L„$v$_ r_L$msp N°u_ L$hf OV$u füy R>¡. S>¡\u sp`dp_dp„ h^pfp¡ \ep¡ R>¡. hs®çpp_ hj®_u rN°ód F$sy_u Nfdu s¡_y„ DÑd Dv$plfZ R>¡. Adv$phpv$ S>¡hp dlp_Nfp¡dp„ S>Áep_¡ Acph¡ h©np¡ hphu iL$psp _\u.h©n

p¡_y„ r_L„$v

$_ :


dpÓ df¡gp ìy-Å_hfp¡ MpB_¡ `p¡s_„y `¡V$ cfsp A_¡ âL©$rs_p kp¥\u Dèp¡Nu kapB L$pdv$fp¡ L$l¡hpsp Nu^_y„ èp®hfZ_¡ iyÂ^ fpMhpdp„ dlÐh`|Z® âv$p_ fl¡gy R>¡. df¡gp iy_¡ dpV$udp„ dmu_¡ _pi \sp M|b S> kde gpN¡ R>¡. S>epf¡ 10 \u 1f S>¡V$gp Nu^p¡_y„ V$p¡my s¡_p¡ Vy„$L$p kdedp„ Mp¡fpL$ sfuL$¡ Dèp¡N L$fu_¡ kpa L$fu _pM¡ R>¡.

Nu^_u k„¿epB.k.f01fdp„ \e¡gu NZsfu

âdpZ¡ NyS>fps fpS>edp„ 3000 S>¡V$gp Nu^ _p¢^pep lsp. S>¡ `¥L$u 1000 S>¡V$gp L$ÃR>dp„ lsp. B.k.f00`dp„ L$ÃR>dp„ s¡_u k„¿ep OV$u_¡ 464 S>¡V$gu \B lsu. S>epf¡ R>¡ëg¡ hj® f01fdp„ \e¡gu NZsfu dyS>b NyS>fpsdp„ 1043 Nu^ _p¢^pep lsp. S>¡dp„ L$ÃR>dp„ dpÓ 180 S>¡V$gp Nu^ dmu Apìep R>¡.

à Nu^ `nu fpÓuhpkp¡ s\p dpmp¡ b_phhp J„Qp h©np¡ `k„v$ L$f¡ R>¡. S„>Ngp¡_y„ b¡apd r_L„$v$_ A_¡ s¡dp„ dp_hue Mg¡g s\p dp_h hkpls_u Apk`pk_p dp¡V$p h©np¡ L$`pB S>sp s¡d_u âS>__ âh©rÑdp„ rhn¡` X$hp\u.

à L$¡V$guL$ S>ÁepA¡ df¡gp âpZuAp¡_p¡ gp¡L$p¡ Üpfp Dèp¡N \pe R>¡. s¡dS> Ly$sfpAp¡_p¡ Aphp Mp¡fpL$ f Ars¾$dZ_¡ L$pfZ¡ Nu^ dpV$¡ Mp¡fpL$_u AR>s Dcu \hp\u.

à L$¡V$gpL$ `pgsy ìyAp¡_¡ rbdpfu L$¡ ifuf_p kp¡Å kde¡ v$hp sfuL$¡ A`psu X²$pBL$gp¡X²$¡_¡L$ _pd_u v$hp `Z L$¡V$gpL$ A„i¡ L$pfZc|s R>¡. Ap v$hp_y„ fpkperZL$ b„^pfZ Aphp d©s ìy_p¡ Mp¡fpL$ sfuL$¡ Dèp¡N L$fsp Nu^_u L$uX$_u Mfpb \sp s¡Ap¡ d©Ðey pd¡ R>¡.

à L$¡ÞÖ kfL$pf¡ B.k.f006dp„ Ap v$hp âqsb„ûs L$fhp R>sp s¡_p h`fpidp„ Mpk afL$ `X$ep¡ _\u.

_hu qv$ëlu Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s DÃQsf A_¡ sL$_uL$u rinZ_p fpS>e krQhp¡_p k„d¡g_dp„ L$¡qÞÖe dp_h k„ip^_ rhL$pk d„Óu õd©rs Bfp_uA¡ 17 S|>__p fp¡S> rldpge k„b„û AÂee_ dpV$¡ DÑfpM„X$ fpS>edp„ L$¡qÞÖe rhð rhÛpge õ\p`hp_u Op¡jZp L$fu lsu. Ap kp\¡ hj® f014_p A„s kyûdp„ A¡L$ fpô²$ue B-gpBb°¡fu A_¡ "rldpge_ fpô²$ue rdi_' s\p "rldpge_ kõV$¡_¡grgV$u a„X$' iê$ L$fhp_u Op¡jZp Z L$fu lsu.

rldpge k„b„û AÂee_ dpV$¡ DÑfpM„X$dp„ L$¡qÞÖe rhð rhÛpge õ\pr`s \i¡ rhïg¡jZ :rldpge f_p Ág¡riefp¡ TX$`\u r`Nmu füp R>¡. s¡dS> Al] D`gå^ h_õ`rsAp¡ Z M|b S>

Ap¡R>u dpÓpdp„ \B NB R>¡. A¡hu `qfqõ\rsdp„ Al] rhð rhÛpge_u õ\p`_p AÐe„s dlÐh`|Z® R>¡. Al] DÃQsd L$np_p AÂep`L$p¡_¡ cpfs s¡dS> rhv$¡idp„\u `Z r_dZ|„L$ L$fhpp„ Aphi¡. S>¡_p Üpfp qldpge k„b„û rhjep¡_u dprlsu_p ÅZL$pfu s¥epf \hp kp\¡ DÃQõsfue qfkQ® Z \i¡.

D‰¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, cpfs v$¡idp„ Ap âL$pf_y„ L$p¡B rhð rhÛpge lsy _lu.

`°vyrjs il¡fp¡ A_¡ v$¡i :

rhð_p kp¥\u h^y âvy$rjs il¡f : 70 gpM d©Ðey

èp®hfZ_p rdÓ Ly$v$fsu kapB L$pdv$pf Nu^_u OV$su k„¿ep

s`sp dp¥kd_u Nfd lhpAp¡_p¡ A\® :hs®dp_ D_pmpdp„ v$¡i cujZ Nfdu A_¡ g|_u g`¡V$dp„ R>¡. Ak„¿e S>ÁepAp¡A¡\u

sp`dp__p f¡L$p¡X® syV$hp_p kdpQpfp¡ Aphu füp R>¡. Aphu `qfqõ\rs_¡ ìep`L$ A_¡ v$u^®L$pgu_ bv$gphp¡_p k„v$c®dp„ kdS>hp_u S>ê$f R>¡. dp¥kd rhcpN_p Ap„L$X$pAp¡_p rhõs©s qhíg¡jZ_p Ap^pf¡ ep¡S>_p Apep¡N¡ r_óLj® L$pY$ep¡ R>¡ L$¡ hj® 1997 bpv$\u dp¥kd_u h^y Nfd \hp_u âh©rÑ kpa v$¡MpB flu R>¡. B.k.1900 \u f01f_p S>¡ 113 hj® R>¡, s¡dp„ b¡ kp¥\u Nfd hj® f009 A_¡ f010 R>¡. s¡_p\u Z Ar^L$ Nfdu hû flu R>¡. B.k.1997-f01f_p 1` hjp£_u syg_p Ap `l¡gp_p hjp£ kp\¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ kf¡fpi hjp® l¡gp L$fsp Ap¡R>u \hp kp\¡ AÞe a¡fbv$g Z h^y \ep R>¡. Ap bv$gph_¡ S>mhpey qfhs®__p ìep`L$ A_¡ v$u^®L$pgu_ v$p¥f\u Å¡X$u_¡ Å¡hpdp„ Aphu füp R>¡. f¡L$p¡X®$ sp¡X$su W„X$u, Nd¡ Ðepf¡ hjp®, Ap„û A_¡ sp¡ap_, L$fp X$hp S>¡hu bpbsp¡ Nd¡ Ðepf¡ Å¡hp dmu flu R>¡. dp¥kd_p bv$gphdp„ õ\pr_L$ õsfp¡ `f dpB¾$p¡ L$gpBd¡V$ Q¡ÞS>_p bv$gph `Z \ep R>¡. S>¡d L$¡ h_ L$`php_¡ L$pfZ¡ lfuepmu OV$sp Nfdu A_¡ iyóLsp hû R>¡. bv$gsp S>mhpey_p v$p¥fdp„ _ursNs õsf¡ L$¡V$gpe¡ ìep`L$ bv$gphp¡ L$fhp S>ê$fu R>¡. S>¡_p dpV$¡ L$¡ÞÖ kfL$pf¡ L$¡V$guL$ ep¡S>_pAp¡ b_phu R>¡ `f„sy s¡ èp®á _\u. hs®dp_ kde¡ Nfdu A_¡ g| \u `f¡ip_ gp¡L$p¡_¡ fpls Ap`hp A_¡L$ gp„bp Npmp_p âeÐ_p¡ S>ê$fu R>¡. B.k.1967-f01f v$frdep__p 4` hjp£_p Ap„L$X$pAp¡_p rhïg¡jZdp„ S>Zpey R>¡ L$¡, rhrcÞ_ Ap`v$pAp¡dp„ luV$ õV²$p¡L$\u \su d©Ðey_u k„¿ep L$p¡ëX$ õV²$p¡L$\u \su d©Ðey L$fsp h^y R>¡. kph®S>r_L$ S>ÁepAp¡ f Qp¡¿My A_¡ W„$Xy$ pZu, b`p¡f dpV$¡ Apîe õ\p_p¡ S>¡hp D`pep¡ S>ê$fu R>¡. `l¡gp_p kdedp„ v$pspAp¡, kpdprS>L$ k„õ\pAp¡ Aphp L$pe® ky`¡f¡ r_cphu ÅZsp lsp f„sy ApS>_p A¡_.Æ.Ap¡. _¡ Aphp L$pep£dp„ fk _\u

rlV$h¡h :.hs®dp_ kde¡ v$¡idp„ NfduA¡ dpTp dyL$sp rlV$h¡h_¡ L$pfZ¡ M|b TX$`\u ârsq¾$ep Ap`sp _yL$ip_L$pfL$ hpey Ap¡Tp¡__y„ âdpZ hû Ney R>¡. "k¡ÞV$f ap¸f kpeÞk A¡ÞX$ A¡Þhpefd¡ÞV' Üpfp \e¡gp kh£nZ dyS>b ðk_s„Ó_¡ gNsp Aõ\dp S>¡hp fp¡Np¡\u ùX$psp gp¡L$p¡A¡ Ap¡Tp¡_ hpey\u bQhy S>ê$fu R>¡.

Ap¡Tp¡_ hpey\u bQhp_p D`pe :- dp¡V$p il¡fp¡dp„ qX$Tg\u Qpgsp hpl_ Ap¡R>p L$fhp Å¡BA¡ L$pfZ L$¡ qX$Tg\u Qpgsp hpl_p¡_p¡ ydpX$p¡ Ap¡Tp¡_ hpey_y„ kS®>_ L$fhp dpV$¡ dv$v$ê$` b_¡ R>¡.- õhk_ s„Ó_p fp¡Np¡\u uX$psp gp¡L$p¡A¡ Ofdp„ S fl¡hy Å¡BA¡.- Ad¡qfL$p_u S>¡d l¡ë\ A¡gV®$ rkõV$d iê$ L$fhu Å¡BA¡. - p¡ëe|i_ A¡gV®$ qkõV$d gphhu Å¡BA¡.

Nu^_u k„¿ep OV$hp_„y L$pfZ :

hëX®$ l¡ë\ Ap¡N£_pBT¡i_ Üpfp spS>¡sfdp„ Åfu L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gu qf`p¡V®$dp„ NyS>fps_p Adv$phpv$ il¡f_p¡ v$¡i_p kp¥\u âvy$rjs il¡fp¡dp„ p„Qdp„ õ\p_¡ kdph¡i \ep¡ R>¡.

`p„Q S|>_¡ DS>hpe¡gp rhð ep®hfZ qv$hk_u |h£ Aph¡gp¡ Ap Al¡hpg rhL$pk_u Ap„^mu v$p¡X$dp„ èp®hfZ_u Åmhp_u âÐe¡ Op¡f b¡v$fL$pfu fpMhpdp„ Aphu lp¡hp_y kprbs \pe R>¡. B.k.f008 \u f013 kyû_p kdeNpmp_¡ _Tf kdn fpMu_¡ s¥epf \e¡gu qf`p¡V®$ fpS>e s\p v$¡i dpV$¡ tQspS>_L$ R>¡.

rhð_p V$p¡Q_p õhÃR> v$¡i :(1) qõhV$¹Tfg¡ÞX$(f) gL$TdbN®(3) Ap¸õV²$¡rgep (4) tkNp`yf (`) Q¡L$ qf`qågL$

rhð Apfp¡Áe k„NW$_ Üpfp rhð_p Ly$g 1600 S>¡V$gp il¡fp¡dp„ âvy$jZ rhjeL$ kh£nZ L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. S>¡dp„ cpfs_y„ qv$ëlu kp¥\u âvy$rjs il¡f lp¡hp_y„ spfZ kpd¡ Apìey lsy. Ap `l¡gp Qu__y„ b¡BrS„>N rhð_y„ kp¥\u âvy$rjs il¡f lsy.

qf`p¡V®$ dyS>b lhp_p âvy$jZ_¡ L$pfZ¡ rhðcfdp„ v$f hj£ 70 gpM gp¡L$p¡_p d©Ðey \pe R>¡. ùv$e fp¡N, L$¡Þkf, õV²$p¡L$k S>¡hp OpsL$ fp¡Np¡_u kdõep hû R>¡. hj® f01f-13dp„ 40 % õV²$p¡L$k, 40 % ùv$e rhjeL$ rbdpfu, 11 % ðpk_u rbdpfu, 6 % a¡akp_p L$¡Þkf_¡ L$pfZ¡ d©Ðey \ep R>¡.

rhð_p kp¥\u h^y âvy$rjs il¡f sfuL$¡ A¡L$ _„bf¡ cpfs_y„ qv$ëlu il¡f (f) b¡BÆ„N (Qu_), (3) L$¥fp¡ (BÆá) (4) kpqÞsApNp¡ (qQgu), (`) d¡qL$kL$p¡ (d¡qL$kL$p¡ qkV$u) R>¡.

cpfs_p kp¥\u h^y âvy$rjs il¡f (1) qv$ëlu(f) V$Zp(3) Áhprgef(4) fpe`yf(`) Adv$phpv$

NyS>fps_p kp¥\u h^y âvy$rjs il¡f(1) Adv$phpv$(f) Åd_Nf(3) kyfs(4) fpS>L$p¡V$(`) hpù


l¡sy : (A¡) Ad¡qfL$p_y„ hs®dp_ k„frns n¡Ó `¡k¡raL$ qfdp¡V$ ApBg¦X$¹k dfu_ _¡i_g dp¸Þeyd¢V$'_p¡ rhõspf L$fhp¡.

(bu) b¡ gpM hN® qL$gp¡duV$f n¡Ódp„ a¡gpe¡gp Ap rhõspfdp„ dpR>gu `L$X$hp A_¡ qX²$qg„N k„b„û NrsrhrÂp¡ `f ârsb„^ gpNi¡ A_¡ rhõspqfs n¡Ó vy$r_epdp„ `|Z® fus¡ kyfrns kdyÖu c„X$pfp¡_¡ gNcN b¡-NÏ L$fu iL$pi¡.

Ad¡qfL$p_p fpô²$`rs bfpL$ Ap¡bpdpA¡ âip„s dlpkpNf hÃQ¡ vy$r_ep_p kp¥\u dp¡V$p kdyÖu k„frns n¡Ó (dfu_ `°¸pV$¡L$V$¡L$ A¡qfep-A¡d.ù.A¡.) b_phhp_u ep¡S>_p_u Ål¡fps 17 S|>_¡ L$fu lsu. Ap¡bpdpA¡ k„frns n¡Ó_p r_dp®Z dpV$¡ `p¡sp_p L$pe®L$pfu Ar^L$pf_p¡ âep¡N L$ep£ lsp¡. S>¡_¡ A„rsd õhê$` h¥opr_L$p¡, dpR>gu `L$X$_pf, k„fnZ k„NW$_p¡ kp\¡ rhQpf rhdi® L$ep® bpv$ Ap`hpdp„ Aphi¡.

c|rd n¡Óp¡_u kyfnp dpV$¡ fpô²$`rs bfpL$ Ap¡dpbpA¡ p¡sp_p L$pe®L$pfu Ar^L$pfp¡_p¡ Dèp¡N 11 hpf L$ep£ R>¡. h¥opr_L$p¡ A_¡ L$pe®L$sp®Ap¡_p v$bpZ_¡ L$pfZ¡ S>m_u A„v$f dp¡S|>v Ap$ n¡Ó_¡ bQphhp `p¡sp_p L$pe®L$pfu Ar^L$pf_p¡ Dèp¡N 1fdu hpf L$ep£ lsp¡.

Ap k„frns kdyÖu n¡Ó rhð_p kdyÖp¡_y„ dpÓ f.8 % R>¡, f„sy S>¡ rhõspfdp„ dpR>gu L$X$hp_y„ qX²$qg„N A_¡ AÞe NrsrhrÂp¡ ârsb„r^s R>¡ s¡ M|b S> _p_p¡ R>¡. Ad¡qfL$p_y„ Ap Ngy dlÐh_„y R>¡.

kdyÖu âÅrsAp¡_y„ k„fnZ dpÓ Ad¡qfL$p S>¡hp dp¡V$p v$¡i S> _\u L$fu füp. lpg_p qv$hkp¡dp„ _p_p NZfpS>e qf`qågL$ Ap¸a qL$fubpsuA¡ hj® f014_p A„s kyû ìehkpreL$ dpR>gu L$X$hp_u bpbs_¡ b„^ L$fhp dpV$¡ ap¡r_L$k ApBg¥X$¹k âp¡V$¡L$V$¡X$ A¡qfep_u Op¡jZp L$fu lsu. dpR>gu L$X$hp_y„$ Ap n¡Ó Ad¡qfL$p_p rhõspfus A¡d.ù.A¡._u M|b S> _ÆL$ R>¡. A_¡ s¡ A¡hp n¡Ó_u bpSy>dp„ Aph¡ R>¡, S>ep„ ©Õhu f dp¡S|>v$ V|$_p dpR>guAp¡_p¡ bQ¡gp¡ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ S>Õ\p¡ R>¡.

fpô²$ue âip„s vy$fõ\ V$p`y kdyÖu õdpfL$ (`¡¡k¡raL$ qfdp¡V$ ApBg¦X$¹k dfu_ _¡i_g dp¸Þe|d¡ÞV$)_u õ\p`_p 6 ÅÞeyApfu f009_p fp¡S> fpô²$`qs S>ep¡S®> X$åëey byi¡ Ap¡\p¸qfV$u Ap¸a A¡L$hp„V$uS> A¡L$V$, 1906 A„sN®s L$fu lsu. Ap õdpfL$ lp¸hg¡„X$ b¡L$f A_¡ S>¡rh®k ApBg¦X$¹k_p Ap¡R>p `pZu_p õsf\u gB_¡ Å¡_k_, h¡L$ A_¡ `pëdpefp A¡fp¸ëk A_¡ qL„$Nd¡_ fua kyû `0 _p¸qV$L$g kyû a¡gpe¡gy R>¡.

Ap n¡Ó Ad¡qfL$p_p r_e„ÓZdp„ R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ kps S>¡V$gp rhMfpe¡gp V$p`y A¡V$p¸ëk A_¡ fua R>¡ S>¡ lhpB A_¡ Ad¡qfL$u kdp¡Ap hÃQ¡ qõ\s R>¡. Al] kpdpÞe fus¡ r_S®>_ A_¡ kyv$|f V$p`yAp¡_u Qpf¡ sfa\u O¡fpe¡gp `pZudp„ L$¡V$gue¡ kdyÖu âÅrsAp¡_„y Of R>¡. S>¡dp„ L$p¡fg, kdyÖu `nu, ipL®$ A_¡ h_õ`rsAp¡ kpd¡g R>¡. S>¡ vy$q_ep_p L$p¡B cpNdp„ Å¡hp dmsp _\u.

vy$r_ep_y„ kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ "dfu_ âp¡V$¡L$V$¡X$ A¡qfep' âip„s dlpkpNf hÃQ¡ b_phhp Ad¡qfL$p_u Op¡jZp

ü Å`p_u dpR>gu Bg (A¢NyBëgp Å`p¡r_L$p)_p r_hpk õ\p__¡ _yL$ip_, h^y âdpZdp„ dpR>gu `L$X$hu, âhpkdp„ rhÂ_, âvy$jZ A_¡ kdyÖu pfpAp¡dp„ qfhs®__¡ L$pfZ¡ gyá âpe Æhp¡_u k|Qudp„ fpMhpdp„ Ap Aphu R>¡.

ü b°pÆg_u \°u-b¥„X$ Adp®qX$ëgp¡ (V$p¸rgàeyV$¡k V²$urkÞL$fk raap rhðL$` 2014_y„ iyc„L$f)_¡ kyL$u TpX$uAp¡_p d¡v$p_ L$pqV$ÞNp Aphpkdp„ `0 % S>¡V$gu L$du_¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡_¡ Ars k„h¡v$_iug âÅrsAp¡_p Æhp¡_u î¡Zudp„ fpMhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

ü 94 % \u Z h^y gudfp¡_u rhgyá \hp_u iL$esp_p¡ Msfp¡ S>ZpB füp¡ R>¡. gudf_u 101 Ærhs âÅrsAp¡ ¥L$u ff âÅrsAp¡ Ar^L$ Msfpdp„ R>¡. S>¡dp„ kp¥\u dp¡V$p Ærhs gudf-dp¡Vy$ ifuf fphsp HÖu gudf `Z kpd¡g R>¡. s¡d_p Æh_ `f_p¡ Msfp¡ dX$pNpõL$f_p DóZ L$V$ub„ûe h_ r_hpk_p rh_pi_¡ L$pfZ¡ ¡v$p \ep¡ R>¡.

ü Ly$g 48 S>¡V$gu âÅrsAp¡ Msfpdp„ R>¡. d¥X$d b\® dpDk gudf (dpB¾$p¡kubk b\®) Msfpdp„ R>¡.

ü b_p_p ApqL®$X$ (qdfd¡L$p¡ragp \p¡dkp¡r_ep_p)-L$¥d¡_ ApBg¡ÞX$_y„ fpô²$ue ayg Z gyá\hp_u k|Qudp„ R>¡.

ü Nh_®kf g¥a_ a_® (qX$àgpÆed g¥ap_u_ed) dp_hue NrsrhrÂp¡ A_¡ Ap¾$dL$ âÅrsAp¡ Aphhp_¡ L$pfZ¡ `p¡sp_p âpL©$rsL$ Aphpk _ô$ \hp\u gyá \B flu R>¡.

ü dpÓ BTfpegdp„ dmu Aphsu dpR>guAp¡_u âÅrsAp¡-epfL$p¡_ b°ud (A¡L$p„\p¡b°pdp V$¡gphuh¡_rkk) A_¡ qL$k-rg` rldfu (L$pgpkp¡bpfbk L$p¡õkprhNu) gyáâpe Æhp¡_u k|Qudp„\u lV$u_¡ Ars k„h¡v$_iug âÅrsAp¡_u î¡Zudp„ Aphu NB R>¡.

k„L$V$N°õs âÅrsAp¡_u f¡X$ rgõV$ Ål¡f \BAp„sffpô²$ue âL©$rs k„fnZ d„Q (ApB.e|.ku.A¡_.) Üpfp 1f S|>_ f014_p fp¡S>

k„L$V$N°õs âÅrsAp¡_u f¡X$ rgõV$ Åfu L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. Å`p_u dpR>gu A¢NyBëgp Å`p¡r_L$p_¡ gyáâpe Æh ê$`¡ k|QubÂ^ L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. S>epf¡ b°pÆg_u \°u b¦X$ Adp®qX$ëgp¡ (raap rhðL$` f014_y„ iyc„L$f)_¡ Ars k„h¡v$_iug î¡Zudp„ fpMhpdp„ Aph¡g R>¡.

B.k.1948dp„ õ\`pe¡gy Ap d„Q rhð_y„ kp¥\u S|>_y A_¡ kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ h¥[ðL$ ep®hfZ k„NW$_ R>¡. S>¡ èp®hfZ A_¡ kss rhL$pk_p n¡Ódp„ AN°Zu Ar^L$pf ^fph¡ R>¡. S>¡_y„ dy¿e d\L$ qõhV¹Tfg¡ÞX$_p Ær_hp Mps¡ Aph¡gy R>¡.

ApB.e|.ku.A¡_. qõ`rkS> âp¡N°pd A_¡ qõ`rkS> khp®BL$g L$rdi_ (A¡k.A¡k.ku.) h¥[ðL$ A_¡ n¡Óue õsf `f âÅrsAp¡ D`âÅrsAp¡ A_¡ S>_k„¿ep k„fnZ_y„ ApL$g_ L$fu_¡ s¡_p k„fnZ dpV$¡ dpN®v$i®_ Ap`¡ R>¡.

Ap„sffpô²$ue âL©$rs k„fnZ d„Q

qf`p¡V$®_u dy¿e bpbsp¡ :-

Å`p_dp„ dpQ® f014\u A¡râg A_¡ S|>_ dpk kyûdp„ 30 S>¡V$gu tdL$ lh¡g dpR>guAp¡_p¡ k„lpf L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. Å`p_ Üpfp Ap âL$pf_u lfL$s BÞV$f_¡i_g L$p¡V®$ Ap¸a S>qõV$V$_p Ap v$¡i `f Aphp Dv«¡ip¡ dpV$¡ riL$pf L$fhp `f ârsb„^ gNphhp bpv$ \B R>¡.

Ap„sffpô²$ue L$p_|_ A„sN®s v$rnZu dlpkpNf (A¡ÞV$pL®$qV$L$ lh¡tgN)dp„ h ¥ o p q _ L $ k„ip¡^_ dpV$¡ lh¡g_p¡ qiL$pf L$fhp¡ N¡fL$p_|_u R>¡. BÞV$f_¡i_g L$p¡V®$ Ap¸a S>qõV$k¡ `p¡sp_p a¥kgpdp„ Å`p__p S>¡.A¡.Apf.ù.A¡.-f lh¡g]N âp¡N°pd `f âqsb„^ gNpìep¡ lsp¡. S>¡_y„ L$pfZ Ap¸õV²$¡rgep A_¡ L$¡V$gpL$ ep®hfZ kd|lp¡A¡ Å`p_ qhê$Â^ afuepv$ L$fu lsu.

BÞV$f_¡i_g L$p¡V$® Ap¸a S>qõV$k_p QyL$pv$p_u dep®v$pÅ`p__¡ A¢V$pL®$qV$L$pdp„ S>¡.A¡.Apf.ù.A¡-f A„sN®s lh¡g_p¡ qiL$pf b„^ L$fhp S>Zphpey lsy. `„fsy

s¡dp„ âip„s n¡Ódp„ hprj®L$ riL$pf_p¡ L$p¡B Dëg¡M _\u. s¡\u Å`p_ âip„s n¡Ódp„ lh¡g_p¡ riL$pf L$fhp ApTpv$ R>¡.

`¡k¡raL$ qfdp¡V$ ApBg¦X¹k dfu_ _¡i_g dp¸Þe|d¢V$

30 S>¡V$gu tdL$ lh¡g dpR>guAp¡_p¡ k„lpf

hs®dp_ kde¡ ep®hfZ_u kyfnp ©Õhu_p A[õsÐh_p âí__¡ gB_¡ A¡L$v$d S>qV$g b_u QyL$u R>¡. A¡ kp\¡ S> ep®hfZ_p k„L$V$ kp\¡ kp\¡ S> ©Õhu f Ap`Zp v$f¡L$ Æh_ Dèp¡Nu L$pe®L$gp`_y„ crhóe k„L$V$de b_u Ney R>¡. rhL$pk_u Ap„^mu v$p¥X$dp„ èp®hfZ kyfnp dpÓ A¡L$ _pfp¡ b_u_¡ flu NB R>¡. L$p¡B`Z v$¡i_u cp¥rsL$ kd©rÂ^_p kp^_p¡_u `|rs® dpV$¡ èp®hfZ_p¡ cp¡N g¡hp kp\¡ D`cp¡Nhpv$dp„ Xy$b¡gp gp¡L$p¡dp„ èp®hfZ_u ÅN©rs dpÓ ` S|>__p qv$hk¡ DS>hhp Mpsf DS>hu_¡ Ap qv$hk_p Ddv$p Dv¹¡ip¡_u AhNZ_p L$fhpdp„ Aphu flu R>¡. fkpeZp¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ vy$rjs \B fl¡gy Ly$v$fsu S>m, a¡L$V$fuAp¡ A_¡ hpl_p¡ Üpfp a¡gphhpdp„ Aphsy âvy$jZ L$¡V$gue¡ rbdpfuAp¡_y„ hplL$ b_u QyL$ey R>¡. S„>Ng_p h©np¡$_y„ ApX$¡^X$ r_L„$v$_ A_¡ h^su hksu_p¡ bp¡S> `©Õhu_p âpL©$rsL k„ip^_p¡ `f `X$u füp¡ R>¡. kfL$pfu õsf¡ DS>hpsp L$pe®¾$dp¡dp„ Ap¥`QpfuL$sp Mpsf v$¡MpX$p¡ L$fu_¡ buÅ qv$hk\u èp®hfZ bNX$¡ s¡hu bpbsp¡_u kpd¡_u s`pk A_¡ `NgpAp¡_¡ AhNZhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. k„eyL$s fpóV ²$ dlpkcp$ Üpfp B.k. 197fdp„ èp®hfZ qv$hk_u DS>hZu_y„ Apep¡S>_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey A_¡ B.k. 1973_p hj®\u s¡ DS>hhp_u iê$Aps \B. S>¡ S>¥h rhqh^sp_p k„fnZ_p dlÐh_¡ âp¡Ðkprls L$fhp, ep®hfZ n¡Ó¡ Dcfsp `X$L$pfp¡_u ÅZL$pfu d¡mhhp A_¡ s¡_p DL$¡g dpV$¡_p l¡syAp¡ kp\¡ ârshj ® AgN AgN \ud kp\¡ vy$r_ep_p rhrcß il¡fp¡dp„ DS>hhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

hj® f013_p qhïh èp®hfZ qv$hk kdpfp¡l_u d¡S>bp_u ey.A¡_.èp®hfZ L$pe®¾$d Üpfp dÂe `|h® A¡riep_p v$¡i d„Np¡rgep_¡ ff a¡by°Apfu f013_p fp¡S> kp¢`hpdp„ Aphu lsu. S>¡ A„sN®s s¡_u fpS>^p_u Dg_ bsp¡f Mps¡ 1 S|>_\u ` S|>_ kyû âk„N_u DS>hZu L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. hj® f013_u DS>hZu_u \ud "rhQpfp¡, MpAp¡, bQphp¡ ' lsu.

d„Np¡rgep v$¡i S>mhpey `qfhs®__¡ L$pfZ¡ A_¡L$ `X$L$pfp¡ kpd¡ TTydu fl¡gp d„Np¡rgep v$¡i_u fpS>^p_u Dg_ bsp¡f R>¡. v$¡idp„ MpÛ k„L$V$ rh_piL$ b_u füy R>¡. W„$X$u_¡ LpfZ¡ gp¡L$p¡ `f¡ip_ R>¡. AdyL$ n¡Óp¡dp„ dpB_k-40 k¡qëkek qX$N°u sp`dp_ \B Åe R>¡. S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ Oydsy L$bugp_p gp¡L$p¡ M|b S> f¡ip_

\B füp R>¡. A_¡ d©Ðey pdu füp R>¡. kp\¡ S> d„Np¡rgep v$¡i S>m k„L$V$ kpd¡ Z V$L$L$f gB füp¡ R>¡. ApV$gp b^p `X$L$pfp¡ R>sp`Z lqfs A\®s„Ó_p¡ fõsp¡ A`_phu_¡ h¥qïhL$ Apr\®L$ d„v$u_u kpd¡ gX$u_¡ v$¡i_p eyhp_p¡dp„ ep®hfZ âÐe¡ ÅN©rs a¡gphhpdp„ kamsp d¡mhu R>¡. A_¡ s¡_p kpfp qfZpdp¡ âpá \B füp R>¡.

\ud: "rhQpfp¡, MpAp¡, bQphp¡ ' hj® f013_u qhïh èp®hfZ qv$hk_u \ud Ap`Zu MpÛ i¥gu èp®hfZ_¡

_yL$ip_ L$f¡ R>¡. S¡ bpbs âÐe¡ ÅN©s L$f¡ R>¡. V$¡L$¹_p¡gp¸Æ_u kyrh^p_p Acph¡ lÅfp¡ V$_ Aß_p¡ bNpX$, cp¡S>_ bpv$ h^¡gp A¢W$hpX$_¡ S>ep„ Ðep„ a¢L$u v$¡hp¡, cp¡S>__u fkp¡B_¡

âp¡k¡õX$ L$fhpdp„, ¡qL„$N L$fhpdp„, l¡fa¡f L$fhpdp„ Z H^Z_p¡ h`fpi \sp¡ lp¡e R>¡. S>¡ kfhpm¡ èp®hfZ_¡ AkfL$sp® b_¡ R>¡.

hj® f01f_p qhïh ep®hfZ qv$hk DS>hZu_u \ud:"lqfs A\®ìehõ\p-iy„ Ap` s¡dp kpd¡g R>p¡ ? ' hj® f01f_p qhïh ep®hfZ qv$hk_p Ahkf¡ cpfs_p _hu qv$ëludp\u rhop_ A¡L$kâ¡k-S>¥h rhrh^sp _pd\u A¡L$ rhi¡j f¡gNpX$u_p¡ âpf„c v$¡i_u A_p¡Mu S>¥h rhrh^sp âÐe¡ ÅN©rs ¡v$p L$fhp dpV$¡ \ep¡ lsp¡.. f¡gNpX$udp„ 16 `¥L$u_p 8 X$bp v$¡i_p rhrcß S>¥h cp¥Np¡rgL$ n¡Óp¡dp„ a¡gpe¡gu S>¥h rhrh^sp v$ip®hsp lsp. hj® f01f_u DS>hZu_u d¡S>bp_u b°pÆg v$¡i Üpfp L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu.

hj® f011_u DS>hZu_u \ud: "h_, âL©$rs Ap`_u k¡hpdp„' hj® f011_p qhïh èp®hfZ qv$hk_u d¡S>bp_u cpfs v$¡i Üpfp L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu.

qhïh èp®hfZ qv$hk-` S|>_

hj® f013_u DS>hZu-\ud

èp®hfZ qv$hk_u DS>hZuAp¡ L$¡V$gu kp\®L$ \i¡ ?


A¡riepB rhL$pk b¢L$ (A¡.X$u.bu.)A¡.X$u.bu. B.k.1996dp„ õ\p`hpdp„ Aph¡gu R>¡.

S>¡dp„ fp¡L$pZ Üpfp A¡riep A_¡ âip„s n¡Ó_p 170 L$fp¡X$ Nfub A_¡ h„rQs gp¡L$p¡_p Æh_ õsf_¡ D`f gphhp dpV$¡_y„ gÿe fph¡ R>¡. hs®dp_dp„ Ap k„õ\p__p 67 kv$õe v$¡i R>¡. cpfs v$¡i s¡_p 3f k„õ\p`L$ kv$õep¡ ¥L$u A¡L$ R>¡.

Aê$Z S>¡V$guf S|>__p fp¡S> _pZp„â^p_ Aê$Z S>¡V$gu_¡ b¢L$_p

k„QpgL$ d„X$mdp„ kpd¡g L$fhp_u Op¡jZp d_ugp Mps¡_p dy¿epge Üpfp \B R>¡. s¡d_¡ cpfs_p `|h® _pZp„d„Óu ù.rQv„$dbf_p õ\p_¡ kpd¡g L$fhpdp„ Apìep R>¡.

L$f âipk_ rhjeL$ ip¡d `¡_g¡ qf`p¡V$® °õsys L$fu

`p\®kpf\u ip¡d_u AÂensp ^fphsp L$f âipk_ ky^pf Apep¡N¡ `p¡sp_u qf`p¡V®$ _pZp d„Ópge_¡ 1` S|>__p fp¡S> kp¢ù lsu ¡_g¡ AÞe cgpdZp¡ kp\¡ fpS>õh krQh_p `v$_¡ Msd L$fhp A_¡ ku.bu.X$u.V$u. A_¡ ku.bu.B.ku._p qhge_u cgpdZ L$fu lsu.

Mp„X$_u Apeps S>L$ps 14 % \u h^pfu_¡ 40 % L$fhpdp„ Aphu

L$¡qÞÖe MpÛ d„Óu fpdrhgpk `pkhp_ Üpfp A¡L$ DÃQõsfue b¡W$L$dp„ 13 S|>_¡ Mp„X$_u Apeps S>L$ps 14 % \u h^pfu_¡ 40% L$fhp_p¡ r_Z®e L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡.

Ad¡qfL$p A_¡ e|fp¡ùe k„Odp„ Apr\®L$ qõ\rsdp„ d„v$ Nrs_p ky^pfp R>sp`Z cpfs¡ p¡sp_p pf„`qfL$ bÅfp¡ kyû `lp¢Qhp dpV$¡ DÑd âepkp¡ L$fu_¡ s\p bÅfp¡ A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ Ap^pf_u rhrhûL$fZ k„b„û kfL$pf_u _urs\u gpc d¡mhu_¡ bÅfp¡dp„ `p¡sp_u `lp¢Q dS>bys b_phu R>¡.

h¥[ðL$ h÷ A_¡ qf^p_ rhL$pk bpbs¡ "k„eyL$s fpô²$ L$p¸dV²$¡X$' Üpfp Åfu L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gp Ap„L$X$p âdpZ¡ Qu_ â\d _„bf¡ (11 % h©qÂ^v$f) kp\¡ A_¡ cpfs f3 % h©qÂ^v$f kp\¡ buÅ õ\p_¡ füy R>¡. cpfs¡ Ap õ\p_ BV$gu, S>d®_u A_¡ bp„Ágpv$¡i_¡ `pR>m R>p¡X$u_¡ lp„kg L$ey® R>¡.

h¥[ðL$ L$`X$p A_¡ `qf^p_ r_L$pkn¡Ódp„ hj® f013dp„ hj® 2012_p dyL$pbg¡ cpfs_u rlõk¡v$pfu hû_¡ 17.` % \B NB R>¡. Ap kde¡ cpfs_u h¥[ðL$ hõÓ r_L$pk 40.f AbS> Ad¡qfL$u X$p¡gf R>¡. s¡dS> rhðdp„ f¡X$ud¡BX$ L$`X$pAp¡_p r_L$pk bÅfdp„ cpfs_u rlõk¡v$pfu 3.7 % R>¡.

h¥qðL$ h÷ A_¡ `qf^p_ r_L$pkdp„ cpfs buÅ õ\p_¡

N|Ng¡ Ap¡_gpB_ d¡t`N krh®k dpV$¡ Bd¡S> âpá \B iL$¡ s\p D`N°lp¡_p¡ BÞV$f_¡V$_p Dèp¡N A_¡ Ap`rÑ fpls_p¡ kde rhõspf L$fhp dv$v$ê$` \B_¡ Dèp¡N \B iL$¡ s¡ dpV$¡ k¡V$¡gpBV$ ad® õL$pBbp¡L$k Bd¡rS„>N `00 rdrge_ Ad¡qfL$u X$p¸gfdp„ 10 S|>__p fp¡S> Mfuv$u R>¡.

B.k.f009dp„ õ\`pe¡gu õL$pBbp¡L$k L„$`_uA¡ qX$k¡çbf-f014dp„ `p¡sp_p¡ â\d lpB qfTp¡ëe|i_ D`N°l õL$pBk¡V$-1 A„sqfndp„ õ\pr`s L$ep£ lsp¡. S>¡ 1 du ârs r`L$kg_p huqX$ep¡ Bd¡S> A_¡ sõhuf D`gå^ L$fphu iL$¡ R>¡. s¡dS> kX$L$ `f Qpgu fl¡gu L$p¡B L$pf_¡ `Z V²$¡L$ L$fu iL$¡ R>¡. Ap D`N°l A¡L$ qv$hkdp„ 16 hpf `©Õhu_p QL$L$f gNph¡ R>¡. õL$pBbp¡L$k lSy> Ly$g f4 S>¡V$gp D`N°l gp¢Q L$fhp_u s¥epfu L$fu füy R>¡.

N|Ng¡ k¡V$¡gpBV$ ad® õL$pBbp¡L$k Bd¡rS„>N Mfuv$u

õL$pB bp¡L$k rhjeL$ :

A¡qíepB rhL$pk b¢L$_p k„QpgL$ d„X$mdp„ Aê$Z S>¡V$gu kpd¡g

DóZ L$V$ub„ûe Q¾$hps "__p¥L$' 11 S|>_¡ `|h®-L$¡qÞÖe Afb kpNfdp„ Dcy \ey lsy. S>¡ `|h® L$¡ÞÖdp„ `[òd dÂe Afb kpNf kdu` 18.0 Anp„i DÑfu A_¡ 6`.0 v$¡ip„sf |h®, [òd v$rnZ [òd dy„bB\u 830 qL$gp¡duV$f, v$rnZ `[òd h¡fphm\u 6`0 qL$gp¡duV$f, dprkfpl V$p`y (Ap¡dp_) `|h® v$rnZ |h®\u 700 qL$gp¡duV$f f L$¡qÞÖs lsy.

A_yk„^p_ 24 dp `p_\u.... rhrh^ rhcpN....

Þe|Tug¡ÞX$_p h¡tgNV$_ Mps¡ ep¡Åe¡g X$åëey.A¡. kv$õep¡_u Ap„sffpô²$ue A¡qÞS>r_eqf„N_u b¡W$L$dp„ \e¡gp lõspnf bpv$ cpfs 13 S|>_¡ hp¡tiNV$_ A¡L$p¡X®$_y„ õ\peu lõspnfL$sp® b_u Ney R>¡. 17 v$¡ip¡_p õ\peu lõspnfL$sp® kd|l_p¡ rlõkp¡ bÞep bpv$ cpfs_p sL$_uL$u A_¡ A¡qÞS>r_ef]N õ_psL$p¡ dpV$¡ h¥[ðL$ õsf¡ fp¡S>Npf_u sL$p¡dp„ h^pfp¡ \i¡.

hp¡tiNV$_ A¸L$p¡X®$hp¡tiNV$_ A¡L$p¡X®$A¡ vy$r_ep_p âdyM v$¡ip¡ hÃQ¡_u A¡L$ Ap„sffpô²$ue kdS|>rs R>¡. S>¡

Ap„sffpô²$ue kudpAp¡ `pf A¡qÞS>r_efp¡_u Nrsrigsp A_¡ NyZhÑp_¡ h^pf¡ R>¡. A¡L$p¡X®$_p QpV®$f_¡ õ_psL$p¡ dpV$¡ Þe|_sd NyZhÑp kyr_[òs L$fhp dpV$¡ DèyL$s dpÞesp dp`v„$X$ õ\pr`s L$fhp_u S>ê$f R>¡.

d¡ f014_p S>Õ\pb„^ dp¢Ohpfu v$f qX$k¡çbf f013 bpv$ s¡_p DÃQsd õsf 6.01 % f lp¢Qu Nep¡ R>¡. s¡_u Ap„L$X$pL$ue fS|>Aps hprZS>e/DÛp¡N d„Ópge¡ 16 S|>_¡ L$fu lsu.

S>Õ\pb„^ dp¢Ohpfu v$f 6.01 % \ep¡

A¡ÞV$pL®$qV$L$p Mps¡ Aph¡gp A¡L$ lpX$_y„ _pdL$fZ Ad¡qfL$p Üpfp 30 S|>_¡ â¿eps cpfsue Ad¡qfL$u h¥opr_L$ AMp¡futklp_¡ kçdpr_s L$fhp "dpDÞV$ tklp' L$fhpdp„ Apìey R>¡. `h®s_¡ B.k.1971-7fdp„ A¡L$ AÞh¡jL$ ê$`¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gp tklp_p L$pep£_¡ dpÞesp Ap`sp _prds L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy. s¡dZ¡ AN°Zu S>¥rhL$ qfkQ® Aqcep_ A„sN®s A¡ÞV$pL®$qV$L$pdp„ Å_hfp¡_u hksu rhj¡ dlÐh`|Z® X$¡V$p âv$p_ L$ep£ lsp¡. AMp¡fu tklp_p _pd_¡ Ad¡qfL$u c|h¥opr_L$ kh£nZ Üpfp dpÞesp dmu R>¡.

dpDÞV$ tklp d¡L$X$p¡_pëX$ lpBV$¹k_p v$rnZ cpNdp„ A¡qV$L$k_ ågL$k_¡ v$rnZ R>¡X$¡ 990 duV$f_p¡ lpX$ R>¡. s¡ d¡fu åeX®$ c|rddp„ DÑf\u qL$L®$ ¥qV²$L$ Ág¡rief_p¡ _Tpfp¡ v$ip®h¡ R>¡.

D‰¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, AMp¡futklpA¡ B.k.19`4dp„ Agplpbpv$ e|r_hrk®V$udp„\u bu.A¡k.ku. A_¡ B.k.19`6dp„ V$Zp e|q_hrk®V$udp„\u S„>sy rhop_dp„ A¡d.A¡k.ku. _u qX$N°u d¡mhu lsu. _h¡çbf 19`6 \u Sy>gpB 1961 kyû fp„Qu L$p¸g¡S>dp„ AÂep`_ L$fpìep bpv$ Ad¡qfL$p Qpëep Nep lsp A_¡ B.k.197f A_¡ 1974dp„ Ad¡qfL$p Mps¡ ìl¡g A_¡ `rnep¡_u S>_k„¿ep_y„ AÂee_ L$fsp lsp. s¡dS> rd_¡kp¡V$p e|r_hrk®V$u_p k¡g bpep¡gp¸Æ A_¡ rhL$pkdp„ Æ_¡qV$L$k rhcpNdp„ klpeL$ âp¸a¡kf lsp.

cpfsue Ad¡qfL$u h¥opr_L$ AMp¡futklp_p _pd¡ A¡ÞV$pL®$qV$L$p Mps¡ A¡L$ `lpX$_y„ _pdL$fZ

cpfs hp¡tiNV$_ A¡L$p¡X®$_y„ õ\peu lõspnf L$sp® bÞey

ApB.A¡k.Ap¡. NyZhÑp âdpZ_ rb°qV$i dp`v„$X$ k„õ\p_ (bu.A¡k.ApB.) Üpfp 16 S|>__p fp¡S> X$u.A¡g.A¡a. lp¡d X$¡hg`k® rgqdV$¡X$_¡ ApB.A¡k.Ap¡. NyZhÑp âdpZ A¡_pes \ey R>¡.Ap kp\¡ s¡ Ap âdpZ`Ó d¡mh_pf v$¡i_y„ â\d qfeg A¡õV$¡V$ X$¡hg`f b_u Ney R>¡.

ApB.A¡k.Ap¡. NyZhÑp âdpZ d¡mh_pf â\d qfeg A¡õV$¡V$ X$¡hg`f sfuL$¡ X$u.A¡g.A¡a. lp¡d X$¡hg`k® rgrdV$¡X$

ApB.ku.A¡.A¡_.A¡_.Üpfp Æ.A¡g.X$u.V$u. D`gå^ L$fphpB

BÞV$f_¡V$ L$p¸`p£f¡i_ ap¸f AkpHX$ _¡çk A¡ÞX$ _„bk® (ApB.ku.A¡.A¡_.A¡_.) Üpfp _hu Æ.A¡g.V$u.X$u.A¡k._¡ D`gå^ L$fphhpdp„ Aphu lsu. S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ kpebf õ`¡kdp„ dp¡V$p `pe¡ bv$gph Aphi¡.

BÞV$f_¡V$ rkõV$d hÃQ¡ kdÞhe_y L$pe® L$fsy A¡L$ A¡L$d R>¡. S>¡ Æ.A¡g.V$u.X$u.A¡k. dpV$¡ _urs r_^p®fZ A_¡ âipk_dp„ dlÐh`|Z® c|rdL$p r_cph¡ R>¡.

A¡L$d_u õ\p`_p B.k.1998dp„ S>p¡_ `p¡õV$g¡ L$fu lsu. s¡_y„ dy¿epge dfu_p X$¡g f¡, ku.A¡., k„eyL$s fpS>e Ad¡rfL$pdp„ Aph¡gy R>¡. S>¡_p ku.B.Ap¡. a¥v$u Q¡lpv$¡ R>¡.

ApB.ku.A¡.A¡_.A¡_.

A¡L$ A_ydp_ dyS>b vy$r_epcfdp„ k„Oj® v$fqdep_ ârs hj® Apif¡ 1`0 rdrge_ eyhsuAp¡ A_¡ drlgpAp¡ f bmpÐL$pf \sp lp¡e R>¡. S>¡dp„ 70 gpM yê$j A_¡ eyhp_p¡ Z kpd¡g R>¡. hs®dp_dp„ BfpL$ Mps¡ Qpgu fl¡gp k„Oj®dp„ Z drlgpAp¡ f_p AÐepQpf_u rhNsp¡ kpd¡ Aphu R>¡.

g„X$_ Mps¡ ep¡Åey k„d¡g_k„Ojp¡® v$frdep_ ep¥_ ql„kp Msd L$fhp dpV$¡ 10 S|>__p fp¡S> A¡L$

h¥[ðL$ k„d¡g_ g„X$__p A¡L$kg Mps¡ ep¡Åey lsy. Qpf qv$hkue k„d¡g__u iê$Aps lp¸guhyX$ Aqc_¡Óu A_¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$_u rhi¡j v|$s A¡ÞS>rg_p Å¡gu A_¡ rb°V$__p rhv$¡id„Óu rhrged l¡N¡ L$fu lsu.

k„d¡g_dp„ 140 v$¡ip¡_p ârsr_r^ d„X$mp¡A¡ cpN qg^p¡ lsp¡. S>¡dp„ Av$pgs, v$pspAp¡, k¡_p r_óZp„sp¡ kp\¡ Apif¡ f00 rhv$¡iu, fnp A_¡ qhL$pk d„Óu kpd¡g lsp. k„d¡g_dp„ raëd âv$i®_, r\A¡V$f A_¡ L$gp fS|> \ep lsp.

D‰¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, Ap `l¡gp hj® f01fdp„ ^ l¡N A_¡ Å¡gu k„Oj®dp„ ep¥_ tlkp kdpá L$fhp_u ârsbÂ^sp kp\¡ ep¥_ tlkp L$¢`¡B_ kpd¡g lsp.

k„d¡g__p¡ l¡syk„d¡g__p¡ l¡sy ùqX$sp¡_p Æh__¡ bl¡sf b_phhy A_¡ k„Oj®dp„ ep¥_ tlkp_p A`fp^_p

Nhpl_u Nhplu âpá L$fhp_p kp¥\u kpfp Aæepk_u fQ_p L$fhp _L$L$f L$pe®hplu L$fhp_p¡ lsp¡.k„d¡g_dp„ fpô²$p¡_¡ Aplhp_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy L$¡ ep¥_ tlkp_u rhê$Â^dp„ s¡d_u k¡_p_p

ârinZdp„ g¡rMs bpbsp¡_¡ kpd¡g L$fhpdp„ Aph¡.

ep¥_ tlkp kdpá L$fhp g„X$_ Mps¡ h¥[ðL$ k„d¡g_ ep¡Åey

DóZL$V$ub„ûe Q¾$hps "__p¥L$'

28


g¡ML$: `°¡d Qp¥lpZ, S>e Qp¥lpZ

äp„k_u fpS>^p_u ¡qfk_p "õV¡V$ fp¡g„¡X$ Nfp®k' Mps¡ f` d¡\u 8 S|>_ v$frdep_ Apep¡rS>s \e¡g ä¢Q Ap¡`_-f014 V$¡r_k V|$_p®d¡ÞV$ k„`Þ_ \B S>¡_y„ qfZpd _uQ¡ v$ip®ìep âdpZ¡ R>¡.

ä¡ÞQ Ap¡`_-f014 V$¡r_k V|$_p®d¡ÞV$ `¡qfk Mps¡ k„`Þ_

`yê$j tkNg :rhS>¡sp - fpa¡g _pv$pg (õ`¡_)D$` rhS>¡sp - _p¡hpL$ Å¡L$p¡rhQ (krb®ep)

dqlgp tkNgrhS>¡sp - dpqfep ipfp`p¡hp (friep)D` rhS>¡sp - rkTp¡_p lpg¡` (fp¡dpr_ep)

`yê$j eyNgrhS>¡sp - Sy>g¡_ b¡_s¡D+A¡X$hX®$ fp¡S>f h¡õgu_ (äp„k)D` rhS>¡sp - dL$£g N°p_pgf + dpL®$ gp¡`¡S> (õ`¡_)

drlgp eyNgrhS>¡sp -ky -hu lkul (spBhp_+kyB ¢N (Qu_)D` rhS>¡sp - kfp Bfp_u (BV$gu) + fp¡bV®$ thL$u (BV$gu)

ä¡ÞQ Ap¡`_ rhjeL$ :ä¡ÞQ Ap¡`_ V$¡r_k N°p„X$ õg¡d_u iê$Aps B.k.1891dp„ \B lsu. Ap ârsep¡qNsp dy¿e

rMspbu ârsep¡Nusp R>¡. S>¡ ârshj® d¡ A_¡ S|>_ dpk v$fqdep_ `¡qfk (äp„k)_p "õV$¡X$ fp¡gp„X$ Nfp®k' V$¡r_k L$p¡V®$dp„ fdhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

rdL$k (k„eyL$s) eyNgrhS>¡sp - A¡_pg¡_p N°p¡B_raëX$ (S>d®_u) + S>¡_ Sy>rge_ fp¡S>f (_¡^fg¡ÞX$)D` rhS>¡sp : S|rgep NpNp£k (S>d®_u) + _¡_p„v$ qS>dprS„>L$ (krb®ep)

cpfsue k¡_pdp„ S|>r_ef L$rdi_ Ar^L$pfu A_¡ k¡_p_p r_ip_¡bpS> e|r_V$dp„ ârirns \e¡gp s\p hs®dp_dp„ rhð r_ip_¡bpÆ f¡qL„$Ndp„ f6dp„ õ\p_¡ fl¡gp M¡gpX$u Æs| fpe ApB.A¡k.A¡k.A¡a. i|qV„$N rhðL$`dp„ ÓZ `v$L$ Æs_pf â\d cpfsue r_ip_¡bpS> b_u Nep R>¡. Ap ârsep¡rNsp õgp¡h¡r_ep_p dpfubp¡f Mps¡ ep¡ÅB lsu.

1 Sy>gpB 2014_p fp¡S> Åfu yê$j A¡f r`õsp¡gdp„ 10 duV$fdp„ Æsy fpe rhð f¢qL„$Ndp„ â\d õ\p_¡ Apìep R>¡. Ap kp\¡ qhð f¢qL„$Ndp„ õ\p_ d¡mh_pf s¡Ap¡ kpsdp cpfsue M¡gpX$u b_u Nep R>¡. Ap l¡gp A„S>rg cpNhs, fpÄeh^®_tkl fpX$p¡W$, NN_ _pf„N, dp_hÆsqk„l k„^|, f„S>_ kp¡$Yu A_¡ rl_p rkÝ^y â\d õ\p_¡ flu QyL$ep R>¡.

ApB.A¡k.A¡k.A¡a. i|qV„$N rhð L$`dp„ ÓZ `v$L$ rhS>¡sp b__pf Æs| fpe â\d cpfsue r_ip_¡bpS>

ApB.ku.ku. V$¡õV$ d¡k (Nv$p) A¡L$ ârs[›$s q¾$L$¡V$ V²$p¡au R>¡. S>¡ V$¡õV$ q¾$L$¡V$dp„ _„.1 f¡qL„$N fphsu V$ud_¡ Ap„sffpô²$ue q¾$L$¡V$ qfjv$ Üpfp âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

Ap¸õV²$¡rgep q¾$L$¡V$ V$ud_p b„_¡ âpê$`_p L$áp_ A_¡ b¡V$kd¡_ dpBL$g L$gpL®$_¡ ` S|>__p fp¡S> vy$r_ep_u _„bf h_ V$¡õV$ q¾$L$¡V$ V$ud_p L$áp_ `v$ bv$g qfgp„ek Ap„sffpô²$ue q¾$L$¡V$ `qfjv$ Üpfp Ap„sffpô²$ue V$¡õV$ d¡Q (Nv$p) âv$p_ \B lsu.

ApB.ku.ku._u V$¡õV$ d¡k (Nv$p) dpBL$g L$gpL®$_¡ âv$p_ \B

ApB.A¡k.A¡k.A¡a rhðL$`-f014B.k.1986dp„ Ap„sffpô²$ue iyqV„$N M¡g

dlpk„O Üpfp Apep¡rS>s ApB.A¡k.A¡k.A¡a. rhðL$`_p¡ âpf„c \ep¡ lsp¡. s¡_„y Apep¡S>_ ârshj® \pe R>¡.S>d®_u_p çeyr_M Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s Ap õ`^p®dp„ 11 S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> cpfsue r_ip_¡bpS> Æsy fpe¡ yê$j A¡f r`õsp¡g hN®_u 10 duV$f õ`^p®dp„ 199.4 A„L$ kp\¡ fS>s `v$L$ âpá L$ep£ lsp¡. cpfs_p 4 r_ip_¡bpS> âL$pi _p_S>à`pA¡ Ap hN®dp„ 97.1 A„L$ kp\¡ kpsdy õ\p_ âpá L$ey® lsy.

¶ õ`¡__p `pågp¡ af¡fp f01.03 A„L$ kp\¡ kyhZ® v$L$ rhS>¡sp \ep.

¶ ey¾$¡__p `phgp¡ L$p¡fp¡õV$pegp¸h 178.4 A„L$ kp\¡ L$p„õe v$L$ rhS>¡sp bÞep lsp.

ApB.ù.A¡g. f013_u kË$pbpÆ A_¡ õ`p¡V$ raqL$k„N bpbsp¡_u s`pk L$fu fl¡gu k¡hp r_h©s Þeped|rs® dyLy$g dyv$Ng_u AÂensp fphsu krdrsdp„ |h® cpfsue q¾$L$¡V$ V$ud_p L$áp_ kp¥fh Np„Nygu_p¡ 8 S|>__p fp¡S> kdph¡i L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡.

ApB.ù.A¡g. õ`p¸V$ raqL$k„N dpV$¡_u dyvNg krdrsdp„ kp¥fh Np„Nygu_p¡ kdph¡i

ApB.ku.ku. h_ X$¡ f¢qL„$N f1 S|>_¡ Åfu \e¡gu k|Qudp„ h_ X$¡ b¡V$kd¡_ sfuL$¡ â\d õ\p_¡ A¡hu qX$rhqgek® (v$.ApräL$p) bp¡gf kBv$ AS>dg (`pqL$õsp_), h_ X$¡ V$ud sfuL$¡ Ap¸õV²$¡rgep â\d _„bf¡ füp lsp.

õL$p¡V$g¡ÞX$_p ÁgpkNp¡ Mps¡ f3 Sy>gpB\u 8 Ap¡Nô$ f014 v$frdep_ Apep¡Æs \_pf f0dp„ fpô²$d„X$g M¡g v$frdep_ âv$i®_ L$fhp dpV$¡ õL$p¸qV$i L$gp `rfjv Üpfp fpS>õ\p__p S>e`yf_p L$php k„Nus kd|l_¡ Apd„qÓs L$fhpdp„ Aph¡g R>¡. s¡d_u kp\¡ dykpauf Æàku Ap¸a fpS>õ\p_ ÁgpkNp¡ Mps¡ rhrcÞ_ õ\mp¡A¡ âv$i®_ L$fi¡.- M¡g v$frdep_ cpfsue M¡gpX$uAp¡_¡ âp¡Ðkplus L$fhp v$¡i cqL$s Nusp¡_y„ âv$i®_ L$fi¡.- cpfsue L$gp A_¡ k„õL©$qs s\p v$¡i_u rhfpks A_¡ k„Nus_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ Apì¡.- dykpauf_p L$gpL$pf fpS>õ\p__p rS>àku gp¡L$ k„Nus, chpB, L$gb¡rgep _©Ðe_y„ âv$i®_ L$fi¡.- L$php çe|qTL$g kL®$k kX$L$ A_¡ Qp¡L$dp„ âv$i®_ L$fi¡.

S>e`yf_y„ L$php k„Nus kd|l f0dp„ fpô²$ d„X$g M¡g-f014dp„ âõsyrs Apì¡

ApB.ku.ku. h_ X$¡ f„¡qL„$N Åfu

COMPETITIVE INDIA d¡N¡Tu_ `qfhpf_p A_¡ d¡N¡Tu__p â\d A„L$\u S> M¡g S>Ns_u L$p¡gd gMsp A_¡ _p_u he\u S> g¡M_ ip¡M fphsp â¡d Qp¥lpZ p¡>fZ 10_u bp¡X®$_u funpdp„ 94.36 % S>¡V$gp k£ÞV$pBg kp\¡ DÑuZ® lpqv®$L$ Arc_„v$_ A_¡ ApNm S>sp M|b S> âNrs L$fp¡ s¡hu iyc¡ÃR>pAp¡.

à 3`dp„ fpô²$ue M¡gp¡_u spfuMp¡_u Op¡jZp f6 S|>_¡ rsê$h„_sd`yfd_p L$¡fm rh^p_kcp qfkf Mps¡ cpfsue Ap¡g„qç`L$ k„O Üpfp L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. S>¡ _uQ¡ v$ip®ìep dyS>b R>¡.

à 3`dp„ fpô²$ue M¡gp¡_y„ Apep¡S>_ 31 ÅÞeyApfu \u 14 a¡b°yApfu f01` v$frdep_ L$¡fm_p kps rS>ëgp_p 3f S>¡V$gp õ\p_p¡ f \ey R>¡.

à Ap fpô²$ue M¡gdp„ 36 S>¡V$gu fdsp¡_¡ kpd¡g L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. S>¡dp„ Ly$g 11,641 ârsõ`^} rlõkp¡ g¡i¡. S>¡dp„\u 7744 A¡\qgV$ li¡. v$f¡L$ âqsõ`^} Ly$g 36` kyhZ® `v$L$ A_¡ fS>s `v$L$ kp\¡ 477 L$p„õe v$L$ dpV$¡ dyL$pbgp¡ L$fi¡.

à L$¡fm fpS>e_¡ fpô²$ue M¡gp¡_u d¡S>bp_u buÆhpf âpá \B R>¡. ANpD B.k.1987dp„ L$¡fm Mps¡ fpô²$ue M¡g ep¡Åep lsp.

3`dp„ fpô²$ue M¡g_u spfuMp¡ Ål¡f \B

29

a¡L$V$¹k :à 33dp¡ fpô²$ue M¡g (f007), Np¥lpsu (Akd) s\p 34dp¡ fpô²$ue M¡g (f011) fp„Qu

(TpfM„X$) Mps¡ ep¡Åep¡ lsp¡.à â\d fpô²$ue M¡g B.k.19f4dp„ cpfsue Ap¡g„qç`L$ M¡g _pd\u gplp¡f Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s

L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. B.k.1940dp„ cpfsue Ap¡g„qç`L$ M¡g fpô²$ue M¡gdp„ sbv$ug \B Nep¡ lsp¡ A_¡ õhs„Ósp bpv$ â\d fpô²$ue M¡g_y„ Apep¡S>_ B.k.1948dp„ gM_D Mps¡ \ey lsy.

fpô²$ue M¡gp¡_p kv$¹cph_p v|$s s\p AÞe lp¡v«¡v$pf3`dp„ fpô²$ue M¡gp¡_p kv$¹cph_p fpS>v|$s sfuL$¡ kQu_ s¢Xy$gL$f R>¡. S>epf¡ cpfsue Ap¡g„qç`L$

k„O_p AÂen A¡_.fpdQ„Ö_ A_¡ dlpkrQh fpÆh dl¡sp R>¡.

iyc„L$f :3`dp„ Ap„sffpô²$ue M¡g_p iyc„L$f_y„ A_phfZ 11 qX$k¡çbf

f009_p fp¡S> L$fu v$¡hpey lsy. Ap iyc„L$f "Açd|, N°¡V$ BqÞX$e_ lp¡_®rbg' R>¡.

3`dp„ fpô²$ue M¡g_p¡ gp¡Np¡ "L$r_L$p¡__ (cpfsue Adgspk) `¡V$_®dp„ qX$TpB_ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gp¡ R>¡. S>¡ _¡qË$`Ë$d (lp\uAp¡_p sl¡hpfu dpõL$) S>¡hp¡ R>¡.

fpô²$ue M¡g_p¡ gp¡Np¡ :


A¡.bu. qX$rhqgek®_¡ hj® f014_p v$rnZ ApräL$p_p hprj®L$ `yfõL$pfdp„ kh®î¡›$ V$¡õV$ q¾$L$¡V$f krls Qpf `yfõL$pfp¡ dpV$¡ _prds L$fhpdp„ Aph¡g S>¡_u Op¡jZp v$rnZ ApräL$p_p Å¡lpr_kbN® Mps¡ 4 S|>__p fp¡S> \B lsu.

A¡.bu. qX$rhgek®_¡ kp\u M¡gpX$uAp¡_p dsv$p__p Ap^pf¡ "àg¡ek® Ap¸a ^ ef' A_¡ kpdpÞe S>_sp_p dsp¡_p Ap^pf¡ "ä¢k q¾$L$¡V$f Ap¸^ ef' sfuL$¡ k„v$ L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp.

kh®î¡›$ q¾$L$¡V$f yfõL$pf : A¡.bu. qX$rhgek®kh®î¡›$ V$¡õV$ q¾$L$¡V$f : A¡.bu.qX$rhgek®àg¡ef Ap¸a ef : A¡.bu.qX$rhgek®ä¦k q¾$L$¡V$f Ap¸a ef : A¡.bu.qX$rhgek®kh®î¡›$ h_ X$¡ q¾$L$¡V$f : qL„$V$p¡_ qX$L$pL$kh®î¡›$ V$u-f0 q¾$L$¡V$f : Bdfp_ sprlfL$¡.A¡a.ku. "kp¡ NyX$' yfõL$pf : S>¥L$k L$prgkkh®î¡›$ bp¡gf : X$¡g õV$¡_kh®î¡›$ drlgp q¾$L$¡V$f : dqfÅ_ L$¥`

A¡.bu. qX$rhgek£ hj® f014_p q¾$L$¡V$ v$rnZ ApräL$p_p hprj®L$ `yfõL$pfp¡ `¥L$u Qpf `yfõL$pf âpá L$ep®

hj® f014_p `yfõL$pfp¡_u k|Qu ::

Ü drlgpAp¡_u A¡a.ApB.A¡Q. lp¸L$u rhðL$`-f014, lp¸L$u rhðL$`_y„ 13dy„ k„õL$fZ R>¡.Ü Ap ârsep¡rNsp 31 d¡ \u 14 S|>_ hÃQ¡ _¡^fg¡ÞX$_p l¡N Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s \B lsu.Ü _¡^fg¡ÞX$ Üpfp khp®r^L$ ÓZhpf lp¸L$u rhðL$`_y„ Apep¡S>_ \ey R>¡. Ap l¡gp hj® 1973,

1998dp„ Alu Apep¡S>_ \ey lsy.Ü _¡^fg¡ÞX$_p M¡gpX$u Ag¡_ l|N, "àg¡ef Ap¸a ^ V|$_p®d¡ÞV$' S>epf¡ ApS>£qÞV$_p_p lp¸L$u

M¡gpX$u agp¡f¡r_L$p lprga_¡ "eyhp àg¡ef Ap¸a V|$_p®d¡ÞV$' dpV$¡ k„v$ L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp.Ü "Np¡g qL$`f Ap¸a ^ V|$_p®d¡ÞV$' _p¡ A¡hp¡X®$ _¡^fg¡ÞX$_p dps®S>¡ `p¥d¡__¡ S>epf¡ V$|_p®d¡ÞV$dp„

khp®r^L$ Np¡g L$fhp_p¡ A¡hp¡X®$ _¡^fg¡ÞX$_p qL$d g¥çdk®_¡ âv$p_ \ep¡ lsp¡.

drlgp lp¡L$u rhðL$`-f014dp„ _¡^fg¡ÞX$ rhS>eu

_¡^fg¡ÞX$_p ^ l¡N _p L$ep¡k¡fp õV$¡qX$ed Mps¡ drlgpAp¡_u A¡a.ApB.A¡Q.lp¸L$u rhð L$`-f014_u apB_g d¡Q 14 S|>__p fp¡S> _¡^fg¡ÞX$ A_¡ Ap¸õV²$¡rgep hÃQ¡ ep¡ÅB lsu. S>¡dp„ _¡^fg¡ÞX$¡ f-0 \u rhS>e âpá L$ep£ lsp¡. Ap kp\¡ _¡^fg¡ÞX$ Ap âqsep¡rNspdp„ Ly$g kpsdu hpf$ rhð Q¡rçè_ b_u Ney R>¡. Ap l¡gp _¡^fg¡ÞX$ Ap âqsep¡rNspdp„ hj® 1974, 1978, 1983, 1986, 1990, f006dp„ rhS>¡sp \ey lsy.

Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, hj® f010_p dqlgp lp¡L$u rhðL$`dp„ _¡^fg¡ÞX$_p¡ ApS>£ÞV$u_p kpd¡ `fpS>e \ep¡ lsp¡. hs®dp_ ârsep¡rNspdp„ ApS>¡®qÞV$_pA¡ Ad¡qfL$p_¡ lfphu_¡ ÓuÅ õ\p_ dpV$¡_p àg¡ Ap¸a d¡Qdp„ L$p„õe v$L$ d¡mìep¡ lsp¡.

ârsep¡rNsp k„b„r^s :

Qu_, spB`¡ Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s 16du A¡riepB S|r_ef A¡\g¡qV$L$k Q¡qçè_iu`dp„ 1f S|>__p fp¡S> cpfs¡ p„Qd„y õ\p_ lp„kg L$fu_¡ Ly$g 1f v$L$ âpá L$ep® lsp.`v$L$ âpáL$sp® v$¡i(1) Qu_(24)-1f kyhZ® Q„ÖL$, 10 fS>s v$L$, f L$p„õe v$L$(f) Å`p_ (f1) 11 kyhZ®`v$L$, fS>s v$L$, L$p„õe v$L$(3) L$sf (10) - 6 kyhZ® v$L$, f fS>s v$L$, f L$p„õe v$L$(4) spBe¡ (1`) 4 kyhZ® v$L$, 3 fS>s v$L$, 8 L$p„õe v$L$cpfs¡ Æs¡gp Q„ÖL$p¡ :(1) v$e|su Qp„v$ (kyhZ®) f00 duV$f drlgp(f) îZh Mfb (fS>s) 10 duV$f yê$j(3) õhà_ bd®_ (fS>s) l¡àV$p\gp_ drlgpAp¡(4) d¡O_p i¡Ë$u (fS>s) : 100 duV$f rhÂ_ v$p¡X$(`) _h_us L$p¥f qOëgp¡ (fS>s) qX$õL$k drlgp a¢L$p¡)(6) k„Æh_u Åv$h (L$p„õe) 3000 duVf drlgp(7) îhZ Mfb (L$p„õe) 000 duV$f yê$j(8) _h_us L$p¥f qOëgp¡ (L$p„õe) - Np¡mpa¢L$ drlgp(9) iqL$s kp¡g„L$u (L$p„õe) - Np¡mp a¢L$ yê$j (10) S>¡ku eyk|a(fS>s), kQ®_p Åv$h (L$p„õe) 800 duV$f drlgp(11) (1) Æop hu.hu.(f) S>¡.ku.e|kya -qfg¡ drlgp (3) rhS>epLy$dpf (4) v$e|su Qp„v$ (kyhZ®)

cpfsue q¾$L$¡V$ L„$V²$p¡g bp¡X®$ Üpfp 11 S|>__p fp¡S> _hu qv$ëlu Mps¡ ApNpdu Sy>gpB/Ap¡Nô$ dpk v$fqçep_ Ap¸õV²$¡rgep âhpk¡ S>_pf cpfsue q¾$L$¡V$ V$ud (A¡) Op¡jZp L$fu lsu. S>¡dp„ cpfs(A¡)_u V$¡õV$ q¾$L$¡V$ dpV$¡_p L$áp_ v$¡ d_p¡S> rshpfu A_¡ cpfs-A¡- h_ X$¡ V$ud dpV$¡_p L$áp_ `v$¡ fp¡rb_ D\à`p_u

Ap¸õV²$¡rgep âhpk dpV$¡ cpfsue q¾$L$¡V$ V$ud_u Op¡jZp

16du A¡riepB S|>r_ef A¡\g¡qV$L$k Q¡qçè_ri`dp„ cpfs `p„Qdp„ õ\p_¡

`pR>gp L$¡V$gp drl_pAp¡\u Ap`Zp M¡g S>Ns_p L$fÞV$ Aa¡k® rhcpNdp„ QQp®B fl¡gp¡ raap hëX®$L$`-f014 ApMf¡ b°pÆg Mps¡ d¡S>bp_ b°pÆg A_¡ ¾$p¡A¡qiep_u âpf„rcL$ d¡Q kp\¡ iê$ \B Nep¡ R>¡. A¡ l¡gp ayV$bp¡g_y„ L$pr_®hg Nguep¡dp„\u kpf \sy kpAp¡ pDgp¡_p L$p¡qf„\ek A¡qf_p Mps¡ `lp¢Ãey lsy. ayV$bp¡g_p Ap dlpS>í_dp„ kpd¡g \hp rhðcf_p gpMp¡ gp¡L$p¡ b°pÆg lp¢Qu Nep R>¡.

hëX®$L$`dp„ cpN g¡hp dpV$¡ Ap hMs¡ vy$r_epcf_p f04 S>¡V$gp v$¡ip¡_u V$udp¡A¡ âeÐ_p¡ L$ep® lsp. f„sy dpÓ 3f v$¡i_u V$ud k„v$ \B lsu. S>¡_¡ 8 N©`dp„ hl¢Qu _pMhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. v$f¡L$ N©`dp„ v$f¡L$ V$ud 3-3 d¡Q fdi¡. `p¡sp_p N©`dp„ V$p¡Q_p b¡ õ\p_¡ fl¡_pf V$ud _p¡L$ ApDV$ fpDÞX$ dpV$¡ L$hp¸guapBX$ \i¡. V|$_p®d¡ÞV$_p dyL$pbgp b°pÆg_p 1f il¡fp¡dp„ M¡ghpdp„ Aphi¡.

(V|$_p®d¡ÞV$_p qfZpd kp\¡ rhi¡j rhNs Aphsp A„L$¡)

Fifa World Cup-2014 -1 V²$p¡au,

32 v$¡i, 42 qv$hk A_¡ qv$g^X$L$ 64 d¡Q

auap rhðL$` f014_p D`gÿedp„ 1f S|>__p fp¡S> hX$pâ^p_ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ õçppfL$ `p¡õV$ qV$qL$V$ Åfu L$fu lsu. hX$pâ^p_¡ f017dp„ A„X$f-17 auap rhðL$`_u d¡S>bp_u cpfs_p Ah¡S>dp„ cpfsue ayV$bp¡gdp„ Brslpk `f A¡L$ h¡bkpBV$ rhL$rks L$fhp `p¡õV$ rhcpN_¡ ApN°l L$ep£ lsp¡. s¡dS> L$p¡d¡ÞV²$u Ap`hp_u L$gp_¡ q¾$L$¡V$ krls rhi¡jê$`¡ AÞe M¡gp¡dp„ `Z rhL$rks L$fhp S>Zphpey lsy.

auap rhð L$` f014 dpV$¡ õdpfL$ p¡õV$ qV$qL$V$ Åfu \B

îug„L$p_p b¡V$kd¡_ Ly$dpf k„NpL$pfp q¾$L$¡V$ Brslpkdp„ kss kps V$¡õV$ Bt_Ákdp„ A^®isL$ b_ph_pf rhð_p Qp¡\p M¡gpX$u b_u Nep R>¡. Ap f¡L$p¡X®$ s¡dZ¡ HÁg¡ÞX$ kpd¡ l¡rX „Ág¡ Mps¡ fdpB fl¡gu buÆ V$¡õV$ d¡Qdp„ ff S>|_¡ _p¢^pìep¡ lsp¡.

Ly$dpf k„NpL$pfp l¡gp Ap âL$pf_p f¡L$p¡X®$ q¾$L$¡V$f A¡hV®$_ rhL$k (h¡õV$ BqÞX$T), iuh _pfpeZ Q„Ö`p¡g (h¡õV$ BqÞX$T) A_¡ A¢X$u agphf (Tuçbpåh¡)A¡ _p¢^ph¡gp¡ R>¡.

ff S|>_¡ Ap¸qõV²$ep_p õgu`bN® Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s Ap¸qõV²$ep N°p„ r` f014dp„ drk®X$uT_p X²$pBhf r_L$p¡ fp¡kbN® f¡kdp„ rhS>¡sp bÞep lsp.

r_L$p¡ fp¡kbN® "Ap¸qõV²$ep N°p„. râ.-f014' rhS>¡sp

vgNpspf kps V$¡õV$ Bt_Ákdp„ A^®isL$ b_ph_pf Qp¡\p b¡V$¹kd¡_ sfuL$¡ Ly$dpf k„NpL$pfp

Ap¸õV²$¡rgep âhpk dpV$¡ cpfsue drlgp kur_ef lp¸L$u V$ud_p L$áp_ `v$¡ qfsy kp_u

dg¡riep_p Ly$Apgp„`yf Mps¡ âhpk dpV$¡ cpfsue drlgp kur_ef lp¸L$u V$ud_p L$áp_ `v$¡ qfsy kp_u_u r_dZ|„L$ \B R>¡. Ap âhpk ApNpdu fpô²$d„X$g M¡g A_¡ A¡rie_ M¡gp¡_u s¥epfu dpV$¡ ep¡Åep¡ R>¡.

V$ud k|QuL$áp_ : fusy fp_uD` L$áp_ : vuq$`L$pNp¡g qL$`f : ep¡rNsp bpgu, krhspqX$a¡ÞX$ÞV$ : vuq$`L$p, qL$f_ v$u` L$p¥f, kyr_sp, gL$X$p, _rdsp V$p¡`p¡, Skâus L$p¥f, NyfÆs L$p¥f, A„kysp gL$X$p, qv$` N°¡k A¡L$L$$p.rdX$ raëX$f : qfsy fp_u, kyiugp Qp_|, rgrgdp tdS>,h„v$_p L$V$pqfep, Ad_qv$` L$p¥f, _hÅ¡s L$p¥fap¡fhX®$ : fp_u, |_d fp_u, qfsyjp Apep®, A_y` bfgp, A_yfp^p v$¡hu.

cpfsue M¡gpX$u `„L$S> AX$hpZu f9 S|>_¡ `p¡sp_u â\d ApB.bu.A¡k.A¡a. 6-f¡X$ hëX®$ õ_|L$f rMspbdp„ rd÷_p id®Ag i¡M Mps¡ apB_g p¡g¡ÞX$_p L$¡k`f ragr`L_¡ lfphu_¡ rhS>¡sp \ep R>¡.

dyfgu L$prs®L$_u q¾$L$¡V$_¡ Agrhv$pcpfsue q¾$L$¡V$ V$ud_p qõ`_ bp¡gf dyfgu L$prs®L¡$ q¾$L$¡V$_p

v$f¡L$ âpê$`dp„\u r_h©rÑ g¡hp_u Op¡jZp 14 S|>_¡ L$fu lsu.

ApB.bu.A¡k.A¡a. -6 f¡X$ hëX®$ õ_|L$fdp„ „L$S> AX$hpZu rhS>¡sp

bp„Ágpv$¡i_p `|h® L$áp_ q¾$L$¡V$f dp¡lçdv$ AifLy$g `f 18 S|>_¡ bp„Ágpv$¡i q¾$L$¡V$ bp¡X®$ Üpfp fQpe¡gu `¡_g¡ d¡Q raL$tkN_p Apfp¡` bv$g ApW$ hj®_p¡ ârsb„^ gNpìep¡ R>¡.

bp„Ágpv$¡i_p `|h® L$áp_ dp¡lçdv$ Aifayg f ApW$ hj®_p¡ ârsb„^

30


qb°V$__p dlpfpZuA¡ _hp rh^¡eL$ L$p_|_ "qfL$p¸g Ap¸a d¡çbf Ap¸a `pgp®d¡ÞV$' (A¡d.ù.) rbg_¡ gpN| L$fhp_u Op¡jZp ` S|>_¡ L$fu lsu. dlpfpZu Üpfp Op¡rjs Ap rbg L$p¡B A¡d.ù._p Mfpb hs®__u `qfqõ\rsdp„ afuhpf `¡V$p Q|„V$Zu L$fphhp_u A_yrds âv$p_ L$fi¡. Ap rbg gpN| L$fhp_p¡ l¡sy dsv$pspAp¡ Üpfp D`Q|„V$Zu L$fphhp_u dp„N Üpfp kp„kv$p¡_p r_epdL$ r_funL$ A„sf v|$f L$fhp_p¡ R>¡.

- qfL$p¸g rbg iê$ \hp_p ApW$ kápl_u A„v$f Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p 10 % fÆõV$X$® dsv$pspAp¡_p lõspnf_u S>ê$f X$i¡.- qfL$p¸g L$fhp_u Ap _hu iqL$s dpÓ Ðepf¡ S> Dèp¡Ndp„ gB iL$pi¡ S>epf¡ A¡d.ù._¡ S>¡g kÅ \B li¡ L$¡ lpDk Ap¸a L$p¸dÞk A¡ hps f kldsu v$ip®h¡ R>¡ L$¡ s¡Ap¡ Mp¡V$p L$pep£dp„ âh©Ñ lsp.

cpfsdp„ Q|„V$pe¡gp Dd¡v$hpfp¡dp„ A_¥rsL$sp A_¡ bu_ S>hpbv$pf`Zp_p ìehlpfdp„ kss h^pfp¡ \B füp¡ R>¡, dpV$¡ Al] fpBV$ V|$ qfL$p¸g L$¡ Q|„V$pe¡gp ârsr_rÂp¡_¡ _ Q|„V$hp_p¡ Ar^L$pf (fpBV$ V|$ X$u-Bg¡L$V$)_u dp„N ìep`L$ b_u R>¡.

fpBV$ V|$ qfL$p¸g A¡L$ gp¡L$sp„qÓL$ lr\epf R>¡. S>¡ fpS>_ursL$ âZpgudp„ S>hpbv$pfu _L$L$u L$f¡ R>¡. L$pfZ L$¡ s¡dp dsv$pf Mfpb âv$i®_ L$f_pf L$¡ p¡sp_u Ap¡auk_p¡ Dèp¡N A„Ns õhp\® dpV$¡ L$f_pf rh^peL$p¡ f r_e„ÓZ fpM¡ R>¡.

ApS>_u spfuM¡ cpfs `pk¡ dÂeâv$¡i L$¡ R>ÑukNY$ fpS>e rkhpe qfL$p¸g_u Å¡NhpB _\u. Al]_u S>_sp_¡ õ\p_ue A¡L$dp¡_p p¡sp_p Qy„V$pe¡gp ârsr_rÂp¡_¡ fs bp¡gphhp_p¡ Ar^L$pf dm¡gp¡ R>¡. B.k.f008dp„ R>ÑukNY$dp„ õ\p_ue A¡L$dp¡dp„ kamsp`|h®L$ qfL$p¸g Q|„V$ZuAp¡ L$fphhpdp„ Aphu lsu.

rb°V$_dp„ "qfL$p¸g Ap¸a d¡çbf Ap¸a `pgp®d¡ÞV$' rbg gpN| L$fhp_u Ål¡fps

qfL$p¸g Ap¸a A¡d.ù. rbg :

cpfs v$¡idp„ `qfqõ\rs :

dfZ `\pfuA¡ d©Ðey_u fpldp„ ùX$psp fp¡Nu_¡ X$p¸L$V$f_u dv$v$\u `p¡sp_¡ d©Ðey `pdhp_u d„S|>fu Ap`sp "fpBV$-V|$-X$pB' L$p_|__¡ S|>__p fp¡S> L$¡_¡X$p_p L$e|b¡L$ âp„s¡ d„S|>fu Apù R>¡. Ap kp\¡ Aphp¡ L$p_|_ A`_ph_pf L$e|b¡L$ L$¡_¡X$p_p¡ â\d âp„s b_u Nep¡ R>¡.

Ap L$p_|_ _¡i_g A¡k¡çbgud„p 94-ff_p A¥rslprkL$ dsv$p_ bpv$ A`_phpep¡ lsp¡. s\pL$r\s Nqfdp`|Z® d©Ðey kp\¡ rbg f L$p_|__¡ L$pev$¡kf L$fhp kp\¡ L$e|b¡L$ â\d âp„s bÞep¡ R>¡.

L$¡_¡X$p_p¡ k„ûe q¾$du_g L$p¡X$ klpesp âpá ApÐdlÐep L$¡ BÃR>p d©Ðey_u d„S|>fu Ap`sp¡ _\u. dpV$¡ "fpBV$-Vy$-X$pB' _u L$p_|_u L$pev$¡kfsp_¡ X$L$pf Apù iL$pe R>¡. S>epf¡ L$e|b¡L$ Üpfp S>Zphpey L$¡, Ap A¡L$ Apfp¡Áe_¡ gNsp¡ dyv«p¡ R>¡, S>¡ A`fpr^L$ L©$Ðe _\u. dpV$¡ s¡ k„ûe Þepe_p v$pefp_¡ bv$g¡ âp„s_p Þepen¡Ódp„ kdprh›$ R>¡. L$e|b¡L$ âdyM rarg` L$p¥rgepX$® Üpfp v$gug \B lsu, L$¡ Ap bpbs Æh__u v$¡Mcpm_p¡ A„s R>¡, _l] L$¡ BÃR>p d©Ðey.

kdõs bpbs S>p¡sp A¡hy S>Zpe füy R>¡ L$¡, BÃR>p d©Ðey L$¡ klpesp âpá d©Ðey (ApÐdlÐep)_p L$p_|__¡ L$pev$¡kf L$f_pf L$p_|_ Ap¡V$phpdp„ ÞepreL$ âq¾$ep_y„ qfZpd R>¡.

B.k.f004dp„ rkA¡d fu` âp„s_p L$p¡l L$¡f d„qv$fdp„\u Qp¡fpe¡gu ÓZ `°pQu_ rlÞvy$ d„qv$f d|rs®Ap¡ 3 S>|__p fp¡S> Ad¡qfL$p Üpfp `fs L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. s¡ vy$ep£^_, bgfpd A_¡ cud_u d|rs®Ap¡ lsu.

1`8 k¡.du._u vy$ep£^__u d|rs® hj® 197fdp„ Qp¡fu \B lsu. A_¡ hj® 197`dp„ g„X$_ Mps¡ lfpÆdp„ h¡Qhpdp„ Aphu lsu. S>¡_¡ k|v$bu Þe|ep¡L®$dp„ afuhpf lfpÆ L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu f„sy L„$bp¡qX$e_ Ar^L$pfuAp¡_u Ar`g bpv$ s¡_y„ h¡QpZ AV$L$phhpdp„ Apìey lsy. d|rs®_¡ A¡L$ gp„bu L$p_|_u gX$pB bpv$ L„$bp¡qX$ep_¡ fs L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. buÆ ârsdp bgfpd_u lsu S>¡ L„$bp¡qX$ep kfL$pf A_¡ Ad¡qfL$pdp„ qL$õV²$u lfpÆ lpDk hÃQ¡ A¡L$ kdS|>su A„sN®s `fs Aphu lsu. ÓuÆ ârsdp cud_u lsu. S>¡_¡ Bk.k.1976dp„ L$¡rgap¡r_®epdp„ _p¡V®$_ fpdp¥_ k„N°lpge¡ Ap d|rs®_¡ Mfuv$u lsu.

drl_pAp¡_p rhQpf rhdi® bpv$ k„N°lpge Ap d|rs® L„$bp¡X$uep_¡ A¡L$ D`lpf õhê$`¡ fs L$fhp s¥epfu v$ip®hu lsu.

ÓZ âpQu_ tlvy$ d„qv$f_u d|rs®Ap¡ L„$bp¡qX$ep_¡ fs L$fhpdp„ Aphu

Ad¡qfL$u fpô²$`rs bfpL$ Ap¡bpdpA¡ f S|>__p fp¡S> hj® f030 kyû dp¡Sy>v$ rhS>mu àgp„V$p¡dp„\u \sp L$pb®_ âvy$jZdp„ 30 % L$p` gphhp _hp r_edp¡_u Op¡jZp L$fu R>¡. S>¡dp„ hj® f00`_p õsf\u L$pb®_ X$peAp¸L$kpBX$_p DÐkS®>_dp„ 30% L$p` L$fhp_y kpd¡g R>¡. Ap q_ed_u Op¡jZp ep®hfZ k„fnZ A¡S>Þku Üpfp \B R>¡. S>¡dp„ f030 kyû âvy$jZ L$Z (`pqV®$L$g) _pBV²$p¡S>_ Ap¸L$kpBX$, këaf X$peAp¸L$kpBX$dp„ kl gpc dpV$¡ f` % \u h^y L$p`_u Op¡jZp L$fu R>¡.

B.k.f030 kyû L$pb®_ âvy$jZ_p _hp r_edp¡_u bfpL$ Ap¡bpdp Üpfp Op¡jZp

"fpBV$-V|$-X$pB' L$p_|_ A`_phsy L$e|b¡L$

ÞepreL$ S„>N

_¡^fg¡ÞX$, b¡[ëS>ed, gL$TdbN®

BÃR>p d©Ðey L$pev$¡kf R>¡ s¡hp v$¡i:

klpesp âpá d©Ðey_u dpÞesp ^fphsp v$¡i :qõhV$¹Tfg¡ÞX$, Ad¡qfL$p_y„ Ap¡f¡N_, hp¡tiNV$_ A_¡ hdp£V$

kuqfep_p hs®dp_ fpô²$`rs A_¡ bp\ `pV$}_p _¡sp bif Ag Akv afuhpf kuqfep_p fpô²$`rs `v$¡ Q|„V$pB Apìep lsp. S>¡_u Op¡jZp ` S|>__p fp¡S> \B lsu.

B.k.f011\u N©leyÂ^ kpd¡ TTydu fl¡gp kuqfepdp„ fpô²$`rs `v$ dpV$¡ 3 S|>_¡ dsv$p_ \ey lsy. S>¡dp„ Akv$_¡ 88.7 % ds `°pá \ep lsp. s¡d_¡ v$¡i_p dÂe A_¡ [òd cpNdp„\u ds âpá \ep lsp. S>¡dp„ h^y dpÓpdp„ kyÞ_u dyqõgdp¡A¡ s¡d_p sfau dsv$p_ L$ey® lsy. Akv$_p ârsõ`^} lk_ Ag _|fu_¡ 4.3 % d¡lf lS>S>f_¡ 3.f % ds dýep lsp.

kuqfep_p fpô²$`rs v$¡ bif Ag Akv$

bif Ag Akv$B.k.196`dp„ S>Þd¡gp bif Ag Akv$ ìehkpe¡ A¡L$ _¡Ó

rQqL$ÐkL$ R>¡. B.k.1994dp„ bp\ `pV$u® kp\¡ Å¡X$pep A_¡ B.k.1998dp„ `n_p krQh bÞep A_¡ B.k.f000dp„ â\dhpf kuqfep_p fpô²$`rs v$¡ Qy„V$pep s¡dS> f007dp„ buÆhpf fpô²$`rs sfuL$¡ `k„v$ \ep lsp.

ip„rs õ\p`_p dpV$¡_p l¡sykf fQpe¡gu k„eyL$s fpô²$ rhi¡jo `¡_g_p kv$õe `v$¡ ArcÆs Nylp

ip„rs õ\p`_p dpV$¡ fQpe¡gu k„eyL$s fpô²$_u rhi¡jo `¡_g_p kv$õe sfuL$¡ cpfsue k¡_p_p k¡hp r_h©s g¡aV$_„V$ S>_fg ArcÆs Nylp_u r_dZ|„L$ S|>__p fp¡S> \B R>¡. s¡d_u r_dZ|„L$ ip„rs õ\p`_p Arcep_p¡ A_¡ n¡rÓe klep¡N dpV$¡ Ahf-dlpkrQh A¡k.g¡X$kk A_¡ Adufpl lL$ Üpfp \B R>¡. Ad¡qfL$p_p ip„rs A_¡ kyfnp rhi¡jo S>¡_ lp¡g ëe|V$_¡ Ap `¡_g_p AÂen r_dZ|„L$ L$fhpdp„ Apìep R>¡. s¡Ap¡ BfpL$_u blpf lyqfep rirbf r_hpkuAp¡_u y_®õ\p`_p dpdgp_p dlpkrQh_p rhi¡j kgplL$pf Z R>¡. ¡_g_p kv$õe v$rnZ ApräL$p_p d¡S>f S>_fg dpBL$g äpef, X$¡_dpL®$_p d¡S>f S>_fg Bb Å¡lp_¡k A_¡ L$¡_¡X$p_p hp¡ëV$f X$p¸_® R>¡.

ArcÆs NylpA¡ ip„rs õ\p`_p Arcep_ rhcpNdp„ ip„rs õ\p`_p fZ_ursL$ cpNuv$pfu L$pep®ge r_v$£iL$_p ê$`¡ L$pe® L$ey® R>¡. s¡Ap¡ B.k.f010 \u f01f kyû |h® k¥Þe D`kgplL$pf Z flu QyL$ep R>¡.

Ap ¡_g_y„ L$pe® S>¡ n¡Ódp„ ip„rs õ\pr`s L$fhp_u R>¡, Ðep„ _hu sL$_uL$p¡ A_¡ Ar^L$pfp¡_p¡ Dèp¡N L$B fus¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ s¡ rhj¡ Ap h¥[ðL$ k„õ\p_¡ kgpl Ap`hp_y R>¡. Ap ¡_g Sy>v$p Sy>v$p rdi_p¡_u dygpL$psp¡ L$fi¡ A_¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$_p kv$õe v$¡ip¡ Ap fus¡ n¡Óue L$pep£ L$fsp klep¡Nu k„NW$_p¡, klL$pfu A_¡ rb_ kfL$pfu ip¡^ k„õ\p_p¡, t\L$ V$¢L$p¡ A_¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$_p ip„rs Arcep_p¡dp„ ê$Qu ^fphsp DÛedu _¡s©Ðh_u kp\¡ ìep`L$ fus¡ rhQpf-rhdi® L$fi¡.

`¡_g_„y L$pe®

`pqL$õsp_ `f gNphpe¡gp¡ lr\epf h¡QpZ_p¡ ârsb„^ 4 S|>__p fp¡S> fqiep Üpfp v|$f L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡. A_¡ lh¡ friep `pqL$õsp__¡ A¡d.ApB.-3` l¡guL$p¸àV$f h¡Qhp_u hpsQus L$fu füy R>¡.

B.k.1963dp„ â\d rdN-f1 rhdp_\u gB_¡ hs®dp_dp„ kyMp¡B-30 A¡d.L$¡.ApB. apBV$f àg¡_ h¡Qhp kp\¡ friep cpfs_y„ kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ kyfnp Ap`|rs® L$f_pf v$¡i R>¡. friep cpfs_¡ 40 rbrge_ Ad¡qfL$u X$p¸gf\u `Z h^y k¥Þe kpdN°u h¡Q¡ R>¡.

friep_y„ Ap L$v$d s¡_u rhv$¡i _ursdp„ bv$gph_p¡ k„L$¡s R>¡. friep B.k.f014 bpv$\u AaOpr_õsp__u fpl Å¡B füy R>¡. L$pfZ L$¡, Ðep„ kyûdp„ Ad¡qfL$u-_pV$p¡ v$m_p Al]\u p¡sp_u dp¡V$p cpN_u k¡_p fs bp¡gphu g¡hp_p R>¡.

spgubp_p¡ afu\u kq¾$e \B füp R>¡. dpV$¡ Ad¡qfL$u-_pV$p¡ v$mp¡ `fs S>hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ AaOpr_õsp_dp„ qfqõ\rs afu\u rhõap¡V$L$ b_u iL$¡ R>¡. S>¡\u pqL$õsp_y„ dlÐh M|b S> hû S>i¡.

friep_u rhv$¡i _ursdp„ bv$gph_p k„L$¡s-`pqL$õsp_ `f_p lr\epf ârsb„^_¡ vy$f L$ep£

Ap `Ngp_y„ dlÐh :-

31


lp¢NL$p¢Ndp„ gp¡L$s„Ó dpV$¡ A¡L$ A_p¥`QpqfL$ S>_ds k„N°l_p l¡sy bv$g Ap¡L$e|`pB k¡ÞV²$g N©` Ap¸a lp¢N L$p¢N Üpfp Arcep_ Qgphpey lsy. S>¡dp„ dsv$pspAp¡A¡ lp ¢NL$p ¢N_p dy¿e L$pe®L$pfu Ar^L$pfu `k„v$ L$fhp Apif¡ 600000_u k„¿epdp„ dsv$p_ L$ey® lsy. dsv$p_ h¡bkpBV$_¡ dm¡gu AbÅ¡ tlV$_¡ `Ng¡ ff S|>_¡ `|Z® \sp dsv$p__¡ f9 S|>_ kyû g„bphhpdp„ Apìey lsy.dsv$p_ dpV$¡ dsv$pspAp¡ `pk¡ ÓZ S>¡V$gp rhL$ë` lsp. S>¡ ÓZ¡ dmu_¡ A¡L$ gp¡L$râe ds b_phsp lsp. S>¡dp„ dsv$p_\u v|$f fl¡hp_p¡ rhL$ë` `Z D`gå^ lsp¡. dsv$p__p¡ l¡sy Aqcep_ Üpfp |Z® gp¡L$s„Ó_u dp„N kp\¡ il¡f_u kX$L$p¡ `f lÅfp¡_u k„¿epdp„ gp¡L$p¡_¡ A¡L$W$p L$fhp_p¡ lsp¡.

S>_ds k„N°l L$pfZA_p¥`QpqfL$ S>_ds k„N°l

L$fphhp_„y dy¿e L$pfZ A¡ lsy L$¡ b¡BÆ„N (Qu_) Üpfp Åfu L $ f pe ¡g p ð ¡s`Ódp „ lp¢NL$p¢N `f `p¡sp_p¡ Ar^L$pf afuhpf L$ped f p M h p _ u b p b s S>Zphhpdp„ Aphu lsu. Ap ð¡s`Ó_¡ L$pfZ¡ il¡fdp„ Qu__p ku^p lõsn¡`_u Api„L $ p\u gp¡L$p¡dp„ r_fpip A_¡ ¾$p¡^_u cph_p âbm b_u NB lsu.

Ap ð¡s`Ó A„sN®s b¡BÆ„N_p dy¿e L$pe®L$pfu dpV$¡ hj® f017dp„ Q|„V$Zu L$fphhp klds lsp. `f„sy Dd¡v$hpfp¡_¡ Qu_u

lp¢NL$p¢N_p dsv$pfp¡A¡ A_p¥`QpqfL$ S>_ds k„N°ldp„ gp¡L$s„Ó dpV$¡ dsv$p_ L$ey®

Ar^L$pfuAp¡_u AÂensp ^fphsu krdrsdp„ `p¡sp_„y _pdp„L$_ A_ydp¡qv$s L$fphhy X$i¡.S>epf¡ lp¢NL$p¢N_p _p_p k„rh^p__p d|m L$p_|_ A_ykpf

dpÓ _pdp „L $_ krdrs S > Dd¡v$hpfp¡_u Q|„V$Zu L$fu iL$¡ R>¡. gp¡L$s„Ó_p kd\®L$p¡_p¡ Arcâpe A¡hp¡ R>¡ L$¡, s¡_¡ bv$gu_¡ gp¡L$ _pdp„L$__¡ A_ydrs Ap`hu Å¡BA¡. Å¡ L$¡ Qu_ kfL$pf¡ A_p¥`QpqfL$ S>_ds k„N°l_¡ N¡fL$p_|_u S>Zpìep¡ R>¡, S>¡_¡ L $ pfZ_¡ Aph_pf kdedp „

lp¢NL$p¢N_¡ _yL$ip_ \B iL$¡ R>¡.

lp¢NL$p¢N A_¡ Qu_ hÃQ¡_u hs®dp_ qfqõ\rs :

lp¢NL$p¢N A¡L$ v$¡i A_¡ b¡ âZpgu_p rkÂ^p„s A„sN®s q``ëk qf`åguL$ Ap¸a

QpB_p_y„ â\d rhi¡j âipkr_L$ n¡Ó 1 Sy>gpB 1997_p fp¡S>

bÞey lsy. S>¡dp„ \e¡gp L$fpf (kp ¡v $ p)dp „ Ar_q× ®ô$ spfuMdp „ gp ¡L $sp „ qÓL$ ky^pf_p¡ hpev$p¡ `Z kpd¡g lsp¡.

lp¢NL$p¢N_y„ õhs„Ó Þepe`prgL$p kpdpÞe

L$p_|_u dpmMp âdpZ¡ L$pe® L$f¡ R>¡. lp¢NL$p¢N_p byr_epv$u

L $ p_ |_ s ¡_u f pS >_u rsL $ âZpguAp¡_¡ r_e„rÓs L$f¡ R>¡. A_¡

rhv$¡i dpdgp A_¡ k¥Þe fnp_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ v$f¡L$ dpdgpdp„ DÃQ õsf_u õhpessp_u hpsp¡

L$f¡ R>¡.

Ø e|.A¡.B. kfL$pf Üpfp 7 S|>__p fp¡S> A¡L$ _hp L$p_|_ Üpfp v$¡i_p 18 \u 30 hj®_p heõL$ yê$j _pNqfL$p¡ dpV$¡ k¥Þe k¡hp Ar_hpe® L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. Ap âL$pf_u k¡hp _pNqfL$p¡dp„ r_›$p A_¡ v$¡i k¡hp_u cph_p h^pfhp_p l¡sy\u L$p_|__u dv$v$\u gpN| L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

Ø _hp L$p_|_ A_ykpf lpBõL|$g_u qX$N°u fph_pf heõL$p¡ dpV$¡ 9 dpk A_¡ A_¡ qX$N°u hNf_p gp¡L$p¡ dpV$¡ 1 hj®_u k¡hp Ar_hpe® L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

Ø Ar_hpe® k¡hp L$f_pf_¡ kfL$pfu, Mp_Nu _p¡L$fuAp¡dp„ âp\rdL$sp, rhhpl, N°p„V$, Of¡g| àgp¡V$ krls_p gpcp¡ âv$p_ \i¡. S>epf¡ f9 hj®_u he kyûdp„ L$p¡B rhi¡j L$pfZ hNf Ap k¡hp is® `|Z® _ L$f_pf_¡ A¡L$ dpk\u gB_¡ A¡L$ hj® kyû_u S>¡g_u kÅ A\hp f,7ff Ad¡qfL$u X$p¸gf\u gB_¡ 13,61f X$p¸gf kyû_p v„$X$ A\hp b„_¡ kÅ \B iL$¡ R>¡.

Ø Ap L$p_|_ ey.A¡.B._p k¥Þe k„fnZdp„ fl¡gp kpDv$u Afb bl¡fu_ A_¡ Ap¡dp_ f gpNy _l] \pe.

Apd£q_ep, b¡gpê$k, Ap¸õV²$uep, bfd|X$p, ATf b¡Tp_, b°pTug, kpBâk, çep„dpf, rd÷, ra_g¡ÞX$, X$¡ÞdpL®$, N°uL$, Bfp_, d¡qL$kL$p¡, BTfpeg, DÑf L$p¡qfep, v$rnZ L$p¡qfep, _p¡h£, friep, spBhp_, tkNp`yf, rõhV$¹Tfg¡ÞX$, syL$}, \pBg¡ÞX$, ey¾$¡_.

k„eyL$s Afb Ardfps_p v$f¡L$ `y¿s `yê$j _pNqfL$p¡A¡ afÆeps k¥Þe k¡hp L$fhu X$i¡

Ar_hpe® k¡Þe k¡hp ^fphsp v$¡i

cpfsue d|m ^fphsp Ad¡qfL$u i¡apgu fpS>v$p_ vy$ÁNg_¡ Ad¡qfL$p_p lp¡gp¡L$põV$_p d¡dp¡qfeg qfjv$_p kv$õe sfuL$¡ Ad¡qfL$u fpô²$`rs bfpL$ Ap¡bpdpA¡ 3 S|>__p fp¡S> q_e|L$s L$ep® R>¡. i¡apgu fpS>v$p_ vy$ÁNg Ap¡bpdp rhL$V²$u V²$õV$_p kl AÂen, X$¡dp¡¾$¡V$uL$ fpô²$ue krdrs (X$u.A¡_.ku.)_u fpô²$ue _pZp„ krdrs_p kv$õe s\p X$u.A¡_.ku. drlgp _¡s©Ðh d„Q_p fpô²$ue kl AÂen lsp. s¡dS> ûyd_ fpBV$¹k hp¡Q L$¡rgap¡r_®ep krdrs DÑf A_¡ Ad¡qfL$p_p X$p¸L$V$fp¡_p fpô²$ue kgplL$pf bp¡X®$, qõd\kp¡r_e_ k„N°lpge_p fpô²$ue kgplL$pf bp¡X®$Þpp kv$õe A_¡ v$rnZ A¡qiepB qX$qTV$g k„NW$__p hqf›$ kgplL$pf R>¡.

lp¡gp¡L$põV$ d¡dp¡qfeg `qfjv$_p kv$õe sfuL$¡ i¡apgu vy$ÁNglp¡gp¡L$põV$ d¡dp¡qfeg qfjv$ : B.k.1980dp„ Ad¡qfL$p lp¡gp¡L$põV$ d¡dp¡qfeg `qfjv$ L$p¢N°¡k Üpfp õ\pr`s \ey lsy. S>¡_p¡ l¡sy âge S>¡hp kde¡ fpô²$_y„ _¡s©Ðh A_¡ Mp_Nu _pÏ„ A¡L$Wy$ L$fhp A_¡ Ad¡qfL$p_p lp¡gp¡L$põV$ d¡dp¡qfeg k„N°lpge_y r_dp®Z L$fhp_y R>¡. `qfjv$dp„ `` kv$õe lp¡e R>¡. A_¡ A¡L$ hj®dp„ b¡ hpf b¡W$L$ Apep¡Æs \pe R>¡. `rfjv$_p kv$õep¡_u r_dZ|„L$ fpô²$`rs Üpfp \pe R>¡. ku_¡V$ A_¡ ârsr_r^ kcpdp„\u p„Q kv$õe A_¡ rinZ rhcpN, N©l A_¡ fpS>e rhcpNdp„\u ÓZ `v$ `f fl¡gp kv$õep¡_u Ahr^ `p„Q hj® A_¡ 11 kv$õep¡_u k¡hp Ahr^ âÐe¡L$ hj£ kdpá \pe R>¡.

Ü kf $pfu v$¡hy Æ. $u.ù. L$f p 60 % \u L X s ^ lp¡ y _ ¡ ¡.h y h ÅBA

Ü bS>¡V pÛ Æ X$u.` . p % \u Ap¡ u$ M . u _ 3 R> p¡h Å¡BA¡l u .

Ü ef ¡_p dL$pb ¡ $¡i_u p¡s _u dyÖp q \f | p y g v ` p õp¡h Å¡BA¡l u .

Ü dyÖpqõa s A ¡ e S>v$f Ap¡R>p¡ ¡hp¡r _ ì p lp ¡ ¡ÅBA

e| p¡ùe „O_ 8 v$¡ p d ¡ e|f Tp¡ _y„f k p 1 i ¡ mu_ S>¡ p¡ _ d Z L$f¡ R , s¡ p„ Qpgsp ¡ efp¡ L$ ¡ R>¡ r_ p® >¡ d QgZ_ | l .k. 9 dp„ e|fp¡_u iê ps efp¡` AL$uLfZd B. 1 99 $A | ue ¡ $ p„

A¡ $ b S> dp¡ y$ L $d sy. hs®d kde¡ 333 L M| V $v l p_rd _\u Z h^y _ qfL$ A yÖ p¡ QgZdp„ rge Be| pN p d p_ Dèp¡N L$ u füp R>¡ B. .f00fdp„ fp¡ p ¢ $_ V$ f . k e| _ bL p¡

_¡ rkL$L$p_u $Aps \B lsu. A iê

e|fp¡ dyÖp A`_ph_pf rg\y Apr_ep 19çpp¡ v$¡i b_i¡4 S|>_¡ e|fp¡ùe k„O Apep¡N_u Åfu \e¡gu

L$ÞhS> ® ¢k qf`p ¡V ® $dp „ S>Zphpep dyS>b rg\yApr_ep 1 ÅÞeyApfu f01`_p fp¡S>\u e|fp¡_¡ A`_ph_pf 19dp¡ v$¡i b_i¡. qf`p¡V®$dp„ v$ip®hpep âdpZ¡ e|fp¡_¡ dyÖp ê$`¡ A`_phhp

dpV$¡ S>ê$fu isp£_¡ rg\yApr_epA¡ `yfu L$fu R>¡. A_¡ e|fp¡ L$gbdp„ fkê$Qu v$pMh_pf byëN¡qfep, Q¡L$ rf`qågL$, ¾$p¡A¡riep, l„N¡fu, `p¡g¡ÞX$, fp¡dpq_ep A_¡ õhuX$_ kp\¡ v$f¡L$ dp`v„$X$dp„ Mc¡Mcp rdgphu_¡ pf Dsey® lsy.

e|fp¡ rhjeL$ ::

`pR>gp 39 hj®\u õ`¡__p kd°pV$ fl¡gp Sy>Ap_ L$pgp£k Üpfp fpS>Npv$u R>p¡X$hp_u Ål¡fps hX$pâ^p_ dpqfep_p¡ fpÅ¡e Üpfp \B lsu. 76 hj}e L$pgp£k_u S>ÁepA¡ s¡d_p `yÓ a¡rg` fpSp> b_i¡. 46 hrj®e a¡rg` Apõsy qfepk fpS>Ly$dpf A_¡ fpS>Npv$u_p hpfk R>¡.

B.k.197`dp„ fpÅ b_¡gp L$pgp£k_¡ A¡ kde_p v$p¥fdp„ rlfp¡ sfuL$¡ Å¡hpdp„ Aphsp lsp, L$pfZ L$¡ s¡dZ¡ rhrcÞ_ âL$pf_p gp¡L$sp„qÓL$ A_¡ Apr\®L$ bv$gph L$ep® lsp. s¡d_u bv$_pdu Ðepf¡ \B S>epf¡ õ`¡_ Apr\®L$ k„L$V$dp„\u `kpf \B füy lsy A_¡ s¡Ap¡ bp¡Ðkhp_p Mps¡ lp\uAp¡_p¡ riL$pf L$fu füp lsp. S>ep„ s¡d_p lpX$L$p syV$u Nep lsp A¡ rkhpe s¡d_u ârs›$p Ðepf¡ `Z v$ph `f gpNu lsu S>epf¡ s¡d_p S>dpB `f `¥kp_u v$NpbpÆ_p Apfp¡` gpÁep lsp.

a¡rg`_p fpÅ b_hp bpv$ s¡d_¡ a¡rg`-4 _p _pd\u Ap¡mMhpdp„ Aphi¡. s¡dZ¡ d¥qX²$X$ Ap¸V$p¡_p¡dk e|r_hrk®V$udp„\u L$p_|__p¡ Aæepk L$ep£ R>¡. s¡dS> Å¡S®>V$pD_ e|r_hrk®V$udp„\u Ap„sffpô²$ue k„b„^p¡ f p¡õV$ N°¡S>eyA¡i_ L$ey® R>¡.

Ø 4 \u ` S|>_ v$frdep_ b°k¡ëk Mps¡ e|fp¡ùe k„O `qfjv$_p S>õV$uk rg`rkek ch_ Mps¡ 40dy„ Æ-7 riMf k„d¡g_ ep¡ÅB Ney. Ø e|fp¡ùe k„O Üpfp 4-7 k„d¡g__u d¡S>bp_u â\dhpf \B.Ø riMf k„d¡g__¡ k„eyL$s ê$`¡ e|fp¡ùe `qfjv$_p AÂen lfd_ hp_ fp¡è¡ A_¡ e|fp¡ùe Apep¡N_p AÂen¡ k„eyL$s fus¡ ârsr_q^Ðh L$ey®.Ø L$¡_¡X$p, äp„k, S>d®_u, BV$gu, Å`p_, rb°V$_, Ad¡qfL$p_p _¡sp s\p e|fp¡ùe `qfjv$_p AÂen A_¡ e|fp¡ùe Apep¡N_p AÂen¡ riMf k„d¡g__u dygL$ps L$fu lsu.Ø d|m ê$`¡ Æ-8 k„d¡g_ S|>_ f014dp„ friep_p kp¡Qu Mps¡ friep_p âdyM `v$¡ ep¡S>hp_y R>¡. `f„sy friep Üpfp e|¾$¡__u k„âcysp A_¡ n¡Óue AM„qX$ssp_p¡ c„N \sp Æ-7 _¡spAp¡A¡ k„d¡g__¡ Æ-7 âpê$`dp„ b°k¡ëk Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s L$fhp_p¡ r_Z®e \ep¡ lsp¡.

40dy„ Æ-7 riMf k„d¡g_ f014 b°k¡ëkdp„ ep¡Åey

BTfpeg_u "rgMyv$ `pV$} '_p hqf›$ kp„kv$ A_¡ fpô²$`rs `v$_u Q|„V$Zudp„ ârsõ`^} "lÐ_yAp `pV$}'_p dpef iusqfs_¡ `3dp„ dyL$pbg¡ 63 ds\u lfph_pf ê$h¡_ qfhrg__¡ BTfpeg_u k„kv$ Üpfp 10 S|>__p fp¡S> fpô²$`rs `v$¡ r_dZ|„L$ L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp. s¡Ap¡ f4 Sy>gpB f014_p fp¡S> BTfpeg_p 10dp„ fpô²$`rs v$_p i`\ N°lZ L$fi¡.

Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, cpfs_u S>¡d BTfpegdp„ Z fpô²$`rs kpdpÞe fus¡ kp„L$¡rsL$ fpô²$pÂen lp¡e R>¡. hs®dp_dp„ BTfpeg_u k„kv$ (_¡k¡V$)dp„ Ly$g 1f0 kv$õe R>¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, ê$h¡g qfhrg_ k„kv$ (_¡k¡V$)_p AÂen flu QyL$ep R>¡.

BTfpe¡g_p 10dp„ fpô²$`rs `v$¡ ê$h¡_ qfhrg_

õ`¡__p kd°pV$ Sy>Ap_ L$pgp£k Üpfp r_h©rÑ Ål¡f \B

Ad¡qfL$u _p¥ k¡_pdp„ â\d drlgp ap¡f õV$pf A¡X$rdfg sfuL$¡ rdi¡g lphX®$

Ad¡qfL$u _p¥ k¡_p_p f36 hj®_p Brslpkdp„ â\dhpf drlgp "ap¡f õV$pf' A¡X$rdfg sfuL$¡ (Ad¡qfL$u k¡Þe k¡hp_y„ khp£ÃQ `v$) hpBk A¡X$rdfg rdig¡ lphX®$_u 1 Sy>gpB_p fp¡S> ep¡Åe¡gp kdpfp¡ldp„ _p¥ k¡_p krQh f¡ d¡byk_u AÂenspdp„ r_dZ|„L$ L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu.¦ qdi¡g lphX®$_p¡ S>Þd B.k.1960dp„ \ep¡ lsp¡. B.k.1978dp„

L$p¡gp¡fpX$p¡_p Ap¥fpfpdp„ N¡V$ h¡ õL|$gdp„ õ_psL$ \ep A_¡ B.k.198fdp„ Ad¡qfL$_ _¡hu AL$¡X$¡du_p Aæepk L$ep£ lsp¡.

¦ 3f hj® kyû Ad¡qfL$u _¡hu k¡hp Ap`_pf rdi¡g lphX®$ B.k.1999 dp„ A¡hp â\d ApräL$u-Ad¡qfL$u dqlgp bÞep L$¡, S>¡_¡ _¡hg ri`_u L$dp_ kp¡„`hpdp„ Aphu lp¡e s¡dS> hj® f006dp„ ag¡N f¢L$ dpV$¡ `k„v$Nu pd¡g Ad¡qfL$u _p¥ k¡_p AL$pv$du_p â\d drlgp õ_psL$ R>¡.

32

e|fp¡dp„ kpd¡g \hp dpV$¡_u S>ê$fu ifsp¡ e|fp¡ dyÖp A`ph_pf v¡$ip¡_u epv$u

à B.k.1999 : S>d®_u, b¡[ëS>ed,

õ`¡_,Apefg¡ÞX$, äp„k, BV$gu,

gL$TdbN®, _¡^fg¡ÞX$,

Ap¸õV²$¡rgep,`p¡Vy®$Ng, _¡^fg¡ÞX$, ra_g¡ÞX$, Ap¸õV²$¡rgep, `p¡Vy®$Ng, ra_g¡ÞX$,

à B.k.f001 : N°ukà B.k.f007 : õgp¡h¡r_epà B.k.f008 : kpBâk, dpëV$pà B.k.f009 : õgp¡hpqL$$epà B.k.f011 : A¡õV$p¡r_epà B.k.f014 : gpV$rhep


B.k.1993dp„ k„eyL$s fpô²$ dlpkcpA¡ Ap v$_u fQ_p L$fu lsu. S>¡_p¡ l¡sy v$f¡L$ gp¡L$p¡_¡ rkrhg, kp„õL©$rsL$, Apr\®L$, fpS>_ursL$, kpdpÆL$ s\p rhL$pk_p Ar^L$pfp¡_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ Ap`hp_p¡ A_¡ fnZ L$fhp_p¡ lsp¡. k„eyL$s fpô²$ dp_h Ar^L$pf DÃQpeyL$s v$_u Ahr^ Qpf hj®_u lp¡e R>¡.

k„eyL$s fpô²$_p dlpkrQh bp_ L$u d|_ Üpfp 6 S|>__p fp¡S> Å¡X®$__p fpS>Ly$dpf A_¡ Å¡X®$_ Mps¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$_p fpS>v|$s T¥v$ fpv$ T¥v$ Ag lyk¥__¡ _prds L$fhpdp„ Apìep R>¡. s¡dZ¡ hs®dp_ dp_h Ar^L$pf DÃQpeyL$s _h_¡\d q`ëg¡_y„ õ\p_ gu^y R>¡.

hs®dp_dp„ T¥v$ Ag lyk¥_ k„eyL$s fpô²$_p A¡L$ õ\peu ârsr_r^ R>¡. s¡Ap¡ `l¡gp `Z hj® f000 \u f007 kyû Ap v$ f flu QyL$ep R>¡ s\p k„eyL$s fpô²$dp„ hj® 1996 \u f000 kyû Å¡X®$__p D`õ\peu ârsr_q^ ê$`¡ k¡hp âv$p_ L$fu QyL$ep R>¡. s¡dS> Ad¡qfL$pdp„ Å¡X®$__p fpS>v|$s sfuL$¡ A_¡ hj® f007 \u f010 kyû d¡qL$kL$p¡ Mps¡ Ar_hpku fpS>v|$s sfuL$¡ k¡hp Apù lsu.

k„eyL $s fpô² $ dp_h Ar^L$pf DÃQpeyL$s dpV$¡ T¥v$ fpv$ T¥v$ Ag lyk¥_k„eyL$s fpô²$ dp_h Ar^L$pf DÃQpeyL$s A¡V$g¡ ?

T¥v$ Ag lyk¥_ :

`©›$ c|rd :Å¡lp_ b°¡ef `f S>d®_u_p Ar^L$pfuAp¡A¡ Ap¸õV$rhV$¹T-ff rb°L$¡_pD

L$p¸Þk_V²$¡i_ L$¢`dp„ d¡ \u Ap¸L$V$p¡bf 1944 hÃQ¡ l„N¡fu, S>d®_u A_¡ Q¡L$p¡õgp¡h¡qL$ep_p f,16000\u h^y dp¡L$ghpdp„ Aph¡gp e|fp¡ùe el|v$uAp¡_u lÐepdp„ kpd¡g lp¡hp_p¡ Apfp¡` gpN¡gp¡ R>¡.

89 hj}e A_¡ c|s`|h® _pTu L$¡ç`_p NpX®$ Å¡lp_ b°¡ef buÅ rhðeyÂ^ v$frdep_ Ap¸õV$rhV$¹T NpX®$ A_¡ A¡k.A¡k.X$¡\ l¡X$ bV$prge__p¡ kv$õe lsp¡ A_¡ hj® 19`f\u Ad¡qfL$pdp„ hkhpV$ L$fsp¡ lsp¡. hs®dp_ hj®dp„ s¡ rhõ\pr`s \B_¡ Ad¡qfL$p Apìep¡ lsp¡. Ad¡qfL$u _pNqfL$ lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ Ad¡qfL$u _pNqfL$sp_p¡ v$php¡ fS|> L$ep¡® lsp¡.

Ad¡qfL$pdp„ \B rNfaspfu :ragpX$¡[ëaep Mps¡ 17 S|>_¡ bu_ Ådu_`pÓ hp¡f„V$ Üpfp S>p¡lp_ b°¡ef_u buÅ

rhðeyÂ^ v$frdep_ \e¡gp N„cuf A`fp^p¡ bv$g ^f`L$X$ L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. s¡_¡ S>d®_u_¡ kp¢ù v$¡hpdp„ Aphi¡.

_pTu d©Ðey rirbf_p Apfp¡` kbb Å¡lp_ b°¡ef_u ^f`L$X$

rd÷_p fpô²$`rs `v$ dpV$¡_u f6-f8 d¡ f014_p fp¡S> \e¡gu Qy„V$Zu_p Qy„V$Zu `„Q Üpfp 3 S||_¡ L$prlfp Mps¡ Ål¡f \e¡gp `qfZpdp¡ dyS>b rd÷_p `|h® k¡_pÂen Aåv$¡g as¡l Ag kuku f3.78 rdrge_ ds (96.91 %) kp\¡ rhS>¡sp \ep lsp. S>epf¡ X$pb¡fu _¡sp ldv$u_ Abplu_¡ dpÓ 3.9 % ds dýep lsp. Q|„V$Zudp„ Ly$g 47.` % dsv$p_ \ey lsy.

1.` % S>¡V$gu cpfsue d|m_p gp¡L$p¡_u hõsu fphsp rb°V$__p "g„X$_ bfp¡ Ap¸a kpD\hL®$'_p d¡ef v$¡ 7 S|>__p fp¡S> Apep¡rS>s A¡L$ kdpfp¡ldp„ cpfsue d|m_p ky_ug Qp¡`X$pA¡ d¡ef v$¡ v$ A_¡ Nyásp_p kp¡N„^ gu^p lsp.

s¡Ap¡ `pR>gp hj® f013-14dp„ Ap rhõspf_p X$¡àe|V$u d¡ef lsp. ky_ug Qp¡`X$p g„X$_ qõ\s BrÞX$e_ Ap¡hfkuT L$p¢N°¡k_p dlpkrQh R>¡. D‰¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, s¡Ap¡ L$p¡g¡S> A¸a hp¡L$¡i_g õV$X$uT (qv$ëlu e|r_hrk®V$u)_p â\d AÂen flu QyL$ep R>¡. s¡dS> qv$ëlu eyhp L$p¡„N°¡k_p D`pÂen A_¡ A¡_.A¡k.ey.ApB._p qv$ëlu A¡L$d_p AÂen Z flu QyL$ep R>¡.

rb°V$__p "g„X$_ bfp¡ Ap¸a kpD\hL®$'_p d¡ef v$¡ cpfsue d|m_p ky_ug Qp¡`X$p

`p¡` äp„rkk¡ _pZpL$ue k|Q_p Ap¸\p¡qfV$u_p v$f¡L$ BV$pghu bp¡X®$_¡ bv$gu _p¿ey R>¡. S>¡ h¡qV$L$__u _pZpZue v$¡Mf¡M A¡S>Þku R>¡. ` S|>__p fp¡S> _hp Qpf bp¡X®$ kv$õe BV$gu, qõhV$¹Tfg¡ÞX$, tkNp`yf A_¡ k„eyL$s fpS>e Ad¡qfL$pdp„\u r_e|L$s L$fhpdp„ Apìep R>¡. bp¡X®$dp„ â\dhpf L$p¡B drlgp_¡ kpd¡g L$fpep R>¡. D‰¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, hj® f011dp„ `p¡` b¡_¡qX$L$V$ 16dp„ A¡ `pR>gp bp¡X®$_¡ _prds L$ey® lsy.

`p¡` äp„rkk¡ _pZpL$ue k|Q_p Ap¸\p¡qfV$u_p v$f¡L$ BV$pghu bp¡X®$_y„ õ\p_ bv$ëey

rd÷_p fpô²$`rs `v$¡ Aåv$¡g as¡l Ag-kuku

syg_pÐdL$ k„h¡^pr_L$ L$p_|__p â¿eps r_óZp„s A_¡ Ap rhjedp„ byr_epv$u `Â^rs_p khpgp¡ ip¡^_pf s\p cpfsdp„ qv$ëlu Mps¡ S>Þd¡gp A_¡ Ap¸L$kap¡X®$, V$p¡f„V$p¡, lphX®$dp„\u L$p_|__u qX$N°u âpá L$f_pf kyÆs Qp¥^fu_u 1 Sy>gpB_p fp¡S> ârkÂ^ bL®$g¡ gp¸ õL|$g_p 1fdp„ X$u_ sfuL$¡ r_dZ|„L$ L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. s¡dZ¡ pR>gp 10 hj®\u L$pe®fs A_¡ qX$k¡çbf f013dp„ fpÆ_pdy Ap`_pf A„sqfd kv$õe X$u_ rNrge_ g¡õV$f A_¡ q¾$õV$p¡af A¡X$g¡_y„ õ\p_ d¡mìey R>¡.

è N©l eyÂ^\u gB_¡ ip„rs`|Z® gp¡L$sp„rÓL$ v$¡i kyû A¡L$ fõsp ê$`¡ fpS>ep¡, rhi¡j ê$`\u Åsue fus¡ rhcpÆs kdpS>_p k„h¡^pr_L$ dpmMp_p¡ Aæepk L$f_pf kyÆs Qp¥^fu Þe|ep¡L®$ e|r_hrk®V$u_p L$p_|_ õL|$gdp„ k¡krgep N°p¸V$¹S> °p¸a¡kf A_¡ k„h¡^pq_L$ bv$gph L$¡ÞÖ_p k„õ\p`L$ lsp.

è s¡Ap¡ BÆàs, Å¡X®$_, gurbep, V$¹e|_uriep, _¡`pm A_¡ îug„L$pdp„ k„h¡^pr_L$ bv$gph_p kd\®__p rhi¡jo R>¡.è s¡dZ¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$_u dÂeõ\sp fp¡õV$f_p kv$õe A_¡ rhðb¢L$ k„õ\p_ dpV$¡ kgplL$pf ê$`¡ L$pe® L$ey® R>¡.è 70 \u h^y g¡M, yõsL$, AÂepe, S>_®g A_¡ qf`p¡V®$ âL$pris \ep R>¡. s¡dS> L$¡V$guL$ yõsL$p¡ Z gMu R>¡. s¡dS>

hj® f010dp„ L$¡_¡X$p_p d¥L$ Ap\®f yfõL$pf kdL$n Vy$X$p¡ a¡gp¡ri` d¡mhu lsu.

bL®$g¡ gp¸ õL|$g_p â\d cpfsue Ad¡qfL$u X$u_ sfuL$¡ kyÆs Qp¥^fu

syg_pÐdL$ k„h¡^pr_L$ L$p_|__p â¿eps r_óZp„s A_¡ Ap rhjedp„ byr_epv$u `Â^rs_p khpgp¡ ip¡^_pf s\p cpfsdp„ qv$ëlu Mps¡ S>Þd¡gp A_¡ Ap¸L$kap¡X®$, V$p¡f„V$p¡, lphX®$dp„\u L$p_|__u qX$N°u âpá L$f_pf kyÆs Qp¥^fu_u 1 Sy>gpB_p fp¡S> ârkÂ^ bL®$g¡ gp¸ õL|$g_p 1fdp„ X$u_ sfuL$¡ r_dZ|„L$ L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. s¡dZ¡ pR>gp 10 hj®\u L$pe®fs A_¡ qX$k¡çbf f013dp„ fpÆ_pdy Ap`_pf A„sqfd kv$õe X$u_ rNrge_ g¡õV$f A_¡ q¾$õV$p¡af A¡X$g¡_y„ õ\p_ d¡mìey R>¡.

kyÆs Qp¥^fu_y„ âv$p_

k„d¡g__p¡ rhje : "Ap¡.A¡k.ku.B. n¡Ódp„ Dcfsu Qy_p¥rsAp¡_p¡ kpd_p¡ L$fhp dpV$¡ A¡L$ kyfrns,

Ar^L$ cpNuv$pfu A_¡ Þepe`|Z® vy$r_ep_„y r_dp®Z L$fhy'Ap¡.A¡k.ku.B.-Å`p_ k„d¡g_ Å`p__p rhv$¡i d„Ópge Üpfp 17 S|>__p fp¡S> b¡ qv$hk dpV$¡ V$p¡L$ep¡ Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s \ey lsy. S>¡dp„ `7 fpS>e ârsq_r^ A_¡ A¡riepB klep¡Nu cpNuv$pf Å`p_, L$p¡qfep NZ fpS>e, \pBg¡ÞX$, Ap¸õV²$¡rgep A_¡ AaOpr_õsp_¡ cpN qg^p¡ lsp¡. k„d¡g_dp„ Aps„L$hpv$_p dyL$pbgp, kyfnp, dprlsu A_¡ âkpfZ V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ, V$L$pD Åm âb„^_, DÅ® S>ê$fueps_u |rs® A_¡ qfhl_ Dèp¡N S>¡hu bpbs¡ QQp® \B lsu.

Ap¡.A¡k.ku.B.Ap¡.A¡k.ku.B. e|fp¡` Mps¡ vy$r_ep_y„ kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ kyfnp DÞdyM A„sf kfL$pfu k„NW$_ R>¡. e|fp¡` Mps¡ B.k.197`dp„ ra_g¡ÞX$_p l¡gtkL$u Mps¡ s¡_y„ â\d k„d¡g_ Apep¡rS>s \ey lsy. k„NW$__y„ dy¿e d\L$ Ap¸qõV²$ep v$¡i_p rhA¡_p Mps¡ Aph¡gy R>¡.

k„NW$__p cpNuv$pf-r_dp®Zk„NW$__p k„d¡g_ A„sN®s cpN g¡_pf 7 fpS>e e|fp¡`, A¡qiep A_¡ DÑfu Ad¡qfL$p qõ\s R>¡ A_¡ DÑfu Np¡mp^®_p A¡L$ dp¡V$p c|rdn¡Ó_¡ L$hf L$f¡ R>¡. s¡_y r_dp®Z ius eyÂ^L$pm (L$p¡ëX$hp¡f) v$frdep_ |h®-`[òd d„Q ê$`¡ L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy.

l¡sy :k„NW$__p¡ l¡sy lr\epf r_e„ÓZ A_¡ dp_h Ar^L$pfp¡_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_, â¡k_u õhs„Ósp A_¡

r_ó`n S>¡hp dyv«pAp¡ f L$¡qÞÖs L$fhp s¡dS> |h® Q¡shZu, k„Ojp£ AV$L$phhp, Ap`rÑ âb„^_ bpv$_y„ |_h®k_ S>¡hu bpbsp¡_¡ gB_¡ tQsp S>Zphhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

fnp A_¡ klep¡N k„d¡g_ (Ap¡.A¡k.ku.B.) Å`p_ k„d¡g_ V$p¡L$ep¡ Mps¡ Apep¡rS>s \ey

gL$TdbN®_p `|h® hX$pâ^p_ A_¡ B.e|._u M|b S> _ÆL$ fl¡gp S>ep„-L$gpX$ >>T„L$f f6 S|>_¡ e|fp¡ùe Apep¡N_p _hp fpô²$`rs v$¡ Q|„V$pB Apìep R>¡. s¡d_¡ rb°V$_ A_¡ l„N¡fu rkhpe e|fp¡ùe Apep¡N_p v$f¡L$ v$¡ip¡_y„ kd\®_ dm¡gy R>¡. s¡Ap¡ _h¡çbf f014\u p¡sp_y„ õ\p_ k„cpmi¡ A_¡ Å¥k d¥_yAg bpfp¡kp¡_y„ õ\p_ g¡i¡.

S>ep„-L$gpX$ S„>L$f A¡L$ fpS>_urso R>¡. e|fp¡ùe k„O_p v$¡i_u L$p¡B kfL$pf_p gp„bp kde kyû k¡hp Ap`_pf âdyM lsp. s¡dS> rhðdp„ gp¡L$sp„qÓL$ `Â^rs\u Q|„V$pe¡gp _¡spAp¡ `¥L$u kp¥\u gp„bp kde kyû `p¡sp_u k¡hp Ap`_pf _¡sp R>¡. s¡Ap¡ hj® 19`8 \u f013 kyû gL$TdbN®_p hX$pâ^p_ lsp. s¡dS> hj® f00`\u f013

B.k.1997dp„ hqf›$ hqL$g s\p hj® f007dp„ Aùg dpV$¡_p S>S> s¡dS> hj® f010dp„ tkNp`yf BqÞõVV$¹e|V$ Ap¸a guNg A¡S>eyL$¡i_ A_¡ bp¡X®$ Ap¸a S>e|qX$rieg gr_¯N_p AÂen sfuL$¡ flu QyL$¡gp cpfsh„iu hu.L$¡.fpÅ f` S|>_¡ tkNp`yf_p 8dp„ A¡V$p¡_} S>_fg b_u Nep R>¡. s¡dZ¡ õV$uh Qp¢N_y„ õ\p_ qg^y R>¡. tkNp`yf_p fpóV²$`rs V$p¡_u V$¡_ L$¦N epd¡ S>qõV$V$ hu.L$¡. fpÅ_p i`\ N°lZ kdpfp¡l_u AÂensp L$fu lsu.

hu.L$¡. fpÅ ApNpdu ÓZ hj® dpV$¡ Aë` k„¿eL$p¡_p Ar^L$pfp¡ ^fphsu fô²$`rs `qfjv$_p kv$õe sfuL$¡ `Z `k„v$ \ep R>¡. 17 S>¡V$gp kv$õep¡ ^fphsu Ap `rfjv$ rh^¡eL$p¡ A_¡ L$p_|_ krls AÞe dpdg¡ `p¡sp_u qf`p¡V$® kfL$pf_¡ kp¢ì¡.

7 S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> L$fpQu A¡f`p¡V®$ `f Aps„L$hpv$u lydgp bpv$ DÑfu hÆfuõ_ps Mps¡ `pqL$õsp_u k¡_p Üpfp âpf„c \e¡gp Ap¡`f¡i_ "S>b®-A¡-AåS>'_y„ buSy> QfZ 30 S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> sprgbp_u Aps„L$hpv$uAp¡ kpd¡ c|rd lydgpê$`¡ iê$ L$fhpdp„ Apìey

lsy. Ap S>du_u lydgp¡ AaOpr_õsp_ A_¡ pqL$õsp__u kudp kyfnp dS>b|s L$fhp A_¡ Aps„L$hpv$uAp¡_¡ AaOpr_õsp_ cpNsp fp¡L$hp dpV$¡_p¡ R>¡.

Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, Ap¡`f¡i_ "S>b®-A¡-AåS>' _p¡ A\® "`¦Nbf_u sghpf_p¡ hpf' A¡hp¡ \pe R>¡.

Ap¡`f¡i_ "S>b®-A¡-AåS>'

e|fp¡ùe Apep¡N_p _hp fpô²$`rs `v$¡ S>ep„-L$gpX$ T„L$f

bu.L$¡.fpÅ tkNp`yf_p 8dp„ A¡V$p¸_} S>_fg bÞep

33


"Nrsiug NyS>fps' :gÿep„L$ 100 qv$hkNyS>fps_p dy¿ed„Óu Ap_„v$ub¡_ `V$¡g¡ hX$pâ^p_ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_p 100

qv$hk_p A¡S>ÞX$p_¡ A`_phu_¡ fpS>e_p rhL$pk dpV$¡ Ad|L$ Ngp g¡hp_p a¦kgp¡ L$ep£ R>¡. NyS>fps kfL$pf¡ kp¡ qv$hk dpV$¡_u `p¡sp_u ep¡S>_p_y„ _pd "Nrsiug NyS>fps' fp¿ey R>¡.fpS>e kfL$pf Ap 100 qv$hk v$fqdep_ 11 S>¡V$gp dy¿e dyv«pAp¡ `f L$pe® L$fi¡. S>¡dp„ drlgp kiqL$sL$fZ, `p¡jZeyL$s NyS>fps, dlpÐdp

Np„û Apfp¡Áe Arcep_ S>¡hp kpdprS>L$ A_¡ S>_L$ëepZ kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gp 11 S>¡V$gp dyv«pAp¡ kpd¡g R>¡. s¡dS> `00 õdpV®$ õL|$gp¡dp„ B-gr_¯N_u ìehõ\p, `0 lÅf ip¥Qpge, f0 lÅf L$d®Qpfu_u cfsu ep¡S>_p s\p fpS>e_p p¡guk v$mdp„ 33 % drlgp ApfnZ Z kdprh›$ R>¡. 11 S>¡V$gp dlÐh_p dyv«pAp¡_p S>_rls_p Ly$g 48 S>¡V$gp dyv«pAp¡_¡ apõV$V²$¡L$ f dyL$hpdp„ Apìep R>¡. S>¡_y„ dp¡r_V$qf„N dy¿ed„Óu\u gB_¡ âcpfu d„ÓuAp¡ s\p spgyL$p rhL$pk Ar^L$pfu kyû rhõspfhpdp„ Apìey R>¡.

-100 qv$hkdp„ 37 fp¡SNpf

fs

4

>c

u

d¡mp Üpfp 75000 S ¡V$gu fp¡S>pfu_u

>

N

sL$p¡ y r_dp®Z A

_¡ Ad

$phv$/hX$p¡v$fp

_„

vp

L$¡ÞÖ Mps¡ rhv$iM

s¡ _pLu

_¡

¡

p

¡ $f A

fp¡S>Npfu dpN® $i®_v

scf

u d¡mp

-500 õdpV®$

ipmpAp¡dp„ B

gr_¯N_p¡ Adg s\p

100 qv$hkdp„ sdpd

ipmpdp„ r_d®m ipmp

Arcep_

ipmpAp¡dp„ gr_¯NA

. $u.L

$¡ p p

¥Û¡r

L$ k„ \

p_pd

sp

s¡d

pBL ¡.h

. Üf

Ap

p N

õ

¡ p„

rgd

S>50

p¡ $ A

BV$ .

B L$¡ `

k

¢ p ¡ D

d¡$hp

f ¡ s¥

p

_Xg

p.u A

p.d

p„ç

kàg

¡ dV$ d

V$v

pef

Lh,

hf k

NsL$p

®Ly$s

p p

5,0

$v$ f

pu

$fp

pp

e

imp

Üf

20

0 Lpd

p¡_

Lisp

yrZ

Z

y$ m_„ âd

pL$f

fp¡S>Npfu dpV$¡ L$p¥ig ndsp h^pfhu

- di d„ gd¹ e ¡ p l $ _ p 40 | _ pr _ N pS>_ ¡Wm h 00 S>\ u fQ_ , s A f ¡ e Q $ kZ A q h ¡ ë N aX$_„ p ¡S>_¡_u p pÁ Lp u _¡ f p[ h„ „ y A ep-lp k A ¡ f ¡ >Np _p g c \} p_ p g¡ Dt N _ pS f p p A ¡ ¡ A hfu sp

,0 0 k¡ a ë y _u p s¡ u sp gd 10 0 ë l¡ ` N°` fQ_ , d_ r _uõ\pìeh

di d„Ngd ¡ >_p „ Ns 6 r >ë d „ il¡ u dr p-r _ ¹ epS As ® S gp p f lg k„ pd¡g_ ¡-L$ yfbp ` ¡ klp e ¡ > p l¡Wm 45 0 õs pjZ e pS_ $ ,0 0

c \} p_ QL_y„ r fgp p A ¡ ¡ ¡ $ hs Zr h b _p d V$ $ ep Lp A c- h^ p l¡ ¡ p ¡ Lë Z $ fu r Nd

lg kr s_p ìep ^ f p-dq p kyfnp dr ¡ ` h p h ¡- f k¡ epS p Wm 6, 00 r g A ¡_¡ky np sy ¡ >_ l¡ $ 2 0 d l p p õh n _ s r df Z u p g

drlgp kiqL$sL$fZ

p

_

¡

-Ap„NZh X$u_p Ap¡R>p hS> ^fphsp sdpd bpmL$p_u

Z

us b m $

Apfp¡Áe QL$pk

u s\p S>ê$f eps fphp p L p¡_¡ bpm k¡hp

mp h

L$¡ÞÖl¡W$ k f pf

-sdd

© k p y>

pd Npd p„ p¡jZ ÅNrsá l_„ Apep¡S_

-

_

kbmp ep¡S>_p l¡W$m Ap„NZhpX$uu sdpd kMu A_¡

¡ p

drlgpAp_u s rgd

> $p

$ i g ¡

_ N

-Sêfueps ^f hsu v$f¡L qL$ p¡fuA

p¡_¡ plsÐhu p¡mu_y„

hr sfZ

-v

>

qvh

p

|$^ k„Æh_u ep¡S_p l¡W$m Ap $ pku 14 spgyL$p_ p„Q gpM

p L$

b m p¡_¡ ag¡hf v|$^_y„ rhsfZ

`pjeyL NS>fps

¡ Z$s

y

-5

p¡p

_ A

hu

f ìe

\

pV¡_

200

Npd

d„ O

_¡ â

pl L

$Qp

hõp`

_d

$u

e\

_ S>

u

ìhõ

p¡ d

„ | f

k_

dpl

u iZ

A k

„ ¡p

hlpf

qc

yfc

-O

rs

rn

_¡v$i

ìe

Aep

__p¡ i

cp „

-5

_`

g$p

O$

f

hõp

V

0

19

Nfpr

Ldp

„ _

LQp_

p ìe

\`_

dp$¡ 1

0

$fpX

p ¡ 7

,00

\ h

yp^

„ h

L¡ $_

MQ®

50

u^

k_p

¡_y r

sfZ

2`

g$

p O_

Qp

y

$ fV$ X

$ f$¡L

-5

prL pd

„L$

f_„ 1

00% Xp¡

yp¡

Lg$i_

-0,

0

e

Qpg

p¡ d„S

L$hp

y„p

500

ìqL$sN

s ip

¥e

|>ff

_ A

ep¡S>_

dlpÐdp Np„û

hõ ÃR>spe

Arc

p_

-spgL$ L$np ¡ 100 S>¡ $ p p¡L$

„hpv$ k¡ y pe®¾$d

y pA

Vgg k

s L$

-dlp`pr L$p, â„s $npA¡ Nfub L$ëe

p d¡mp y„ Apep¡S>

gp L

Z_

_

`0 0 S ¡V$gp h_b„^y p¡_ h_ Ar^ $pf `Ó A `hp_y„ A epS>_

-0

>

A¡

L p

p ¡

-spgyL$p rS ëgp L$npA¡ tQ

_ rirbf ep¡Åi¡

, >

s

-fpe, spgy $p, rS ëgp L$

A syd f r_L$p _ Ty„b¡i

Ä

L >np ¡ p

g u

spgy p L$np_p hpNs L$pe¾d_y„ kÖ$Yu $fZ

-L$

õ

® $y L

-51 000 A¡_. p. y NyS> s kp\¡ ¡X$p

,

A f.Æ_„

fpÅ

Z

- 5 _Nf r L$pdp„ _hp S>_ yrh^p L$¡ÞÖ_u „S>fu

2`p g

k

d |

Å ¡ ¡hp ì hõ\ _y„ y[ ^L$fZ

lf ke

p i Ý

-hpB d

¡_u f

__

r L$

p¡

pfk pV$

`X$ssdpd p¢^p¡ p¡ _L$pg

fh

Þes

^p¡

$

-A X$ f _p¢ p¡_ r_Lpg

-A$År

s„

pB _`

hp dpV¡

pqvs rhõ

pfdp hpfk

p¢^ pX$

$

„ i

Mpk Tyb¡_h

ifsu > u fs

ahp_

pL$ LkdpV¡

-u

\S|_

idp„ ¡fh

p bu $¡ p¡

$

r_$

Tb¡

Lpg y„ i

dl¡ guky

¡ $_

y„

f¡L$pX

®A

^y_

$fZ

pr

L

N

p¡> p

p$. 1

-c| c

® NV$f

eS__

ê 02

$f_

S$

Af¡

Lp¡X$

pâp

¡ >¡L$V

l¡W$m

pi

v ¥ _

e

Vf

$qL$

13.4

rdrg

_ rg

$ _u

y

pp

k¡

L$g n

dsp ^

f hs 1

9yAS>

q ²$V

V$d¡Þ

V$àg

p„V$_p L

$pe®_p

¡ âpf„c

\i¡u

p ^

_ê

-`hp_

iyÝ`pZu

p $.

0L

X$â

V ¹_¡dS

>|fu

23 $f

p¡ _p

p¡S>¡L$

$k „

yS>fps

Ab®_

N rdi_:

¡il¡f

pdp„

dpm

MpNsp

kyrh

^

-k$p

u L$d

uA

dp$

fLf

®Qpf

p ¡V ¡

BL$V

² ¡ _

gr¯

p¡ $g_

p¡

g¡$pr

L$k

_N

`V®

iycpfc„

-BgL$V

$ ¡r_L

$

dped

¡² p

k

Ý\u

L®

NA

p¡

p

V$¡ 25

¡

$dep

¡ u¡_

srg

ddp

S>V

p¡X$ |

s¥ef

hp

gppd

eAg

p L$f

p_u

dl

p`pr

A¡

A_

-fÄe

gL$p

p ¡

`rg

L$p¡_p

35

000

Lsp

pA

p

,

$f

h^y

dQpfuA

p¡L$

®e¡u

L$

®

_¡

dpN

p l¡W$m

Ap

g¡

¡L$i_

srg

d

hf

uhp

A

d®

cp

L$ep

¡Nu A

re

_:

sprg

d A

_¡ Ð

p¡

NyZp d

L$ ky^

pf

-NyS>fps dygL$u k¡hp hN® 1 A_¡ 2 _u k„eyL$s õ`^p®ÐdL$ `funp Üpfp cfsu-hj® 2014 v$frdep_ Sy>v$p Sy>v$p k„hN®_u 20,000 S>¡V$gu S>ÁepAp¡ f cfsu

cfsu L$¡g¡ÞX$f âdpZ¡ kdekf cfsu

34


L$gp-k„õL©$rs_pkp_y„ k„ip¡^_-A¡ÞV$pL®$qV$L$pdp„ `©Õhu `f_y„ kp¥\u W„$Xy$ sp`dp_ -93.f qX$N°u L$¡ÞÖdp„ kÑp qfhs®_ \sp _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_p hX$pâ^p_ `v$¡ rbfpS>hp kp\¡ S> NyS>fps dpV$¡ AÃR>¡ qv$_ _u iê$Aps kdp_ _d®v$p _v$u `f_p kfv$pf kfp¡hf ep¡S>_p_u JQpB h^pfhp dpV$¡_u d„S|>fu dmu R>¡. _d®v$p r_e„ÓZ Ap¡\p¡qfV$u Üpfp kfv$pf kfp¡hf b„^_u JQpB S>¡ hs®dp_dp„ 121.92 duV$f S>¡V$gu R>¡ s¡_¡ 17 duV$f S>¡V$gu h^pfu_¡ 138.68 duV$f S>¡V$gu L$fhp dpV$¡ 12 S|>__p fp¡S> d„S|>fu âv$p_ L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. d„S|>fu dmsp S> dy¿ed„Óu Ap_„v$ub¡_ `V$¡g¡ L$¡hqX$ep `lp¢Qu_¡ b „^_ p ågp¡L$ _„. 49dp„ L$p¢q¾$V$ L$pe®_p¡ âpf„c L$fpìep¡ lsp¡. Dëg¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, d„S|>fu dmhp_p ApNgp kápl¡ Ap_„v$ub¡_ Üpfp hX$pâ^p_ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_¡ dmu_¡ Ap âñ¡ fS|>Aps L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu.

JQpB h^hp kp\¡ k„crhs gpcp¡-X$¡d_u |Z® D„QpB A_¡ L$¡_pg _¡V$hL®$ bpv$ fpÄe_u 18 gpM l¡L$V$f S>du__¡ tkQpB_p¡ gpc-fpS>õ\p__p S>pgp¡f, bpX$d¡f S>¡hp pZu_u s„Nu A_|chsp rhõspfdp„ s¡dS> dÝeâv$¡i A_¡ dlpfô²$_¡ `Z apev$p¡ \i¡.-b„^_p S>mpiedp„ lpg_p¡ `pZu_p¡ 1.27 rdrge_ A¡L$f ayV$_p¡ k„N°l ÓZ NZp¡ hû S>B_¡ 4.75 rdrge_ A¡L$f ayV$ S>¡V$gp¡ \i¡.-hs®dp_ rhS>mu DÐ`pv$_ ndsp(1450 d¡Nphp¡V$)dp„ h^pfp¡ \i¡. b„^_¡ k„g‚ S>mrhÛys d\L$p¡ s¡_u `|Z® L$npA¡ L$pe®fs \sp hprj®L$ 150 L$fp¡X$ eyr_V$ rhS>mu A¡V$g¡ L$¡ hs®dp_ L$fsp 40 % h^y DÐ`pv$_ \i¡.-JQpB h^hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ _d®v$p L$¡_pg A_¡ s¡_u kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gu `¡V$p L$¡_pgp¡dp„ `pZu_p¡ âhpl h^sp A„sfuepm rhõspfp¡ kyû yfsu N°¡rhV$u\u pZu lp¢QpX$u iL$pi¡.

a¡L$V$k-kfv$pf kfp¡hf b„^_p¡ rigpÞepk A¡r`°g 1961_p fp¡S> sÐL$prg_ hX$pâ^p_ S>hplfgpg _l¡ê$A¡ L$ep£ lsp¡.-_d®v$p S>m rhhpv$ „Q_u fQ_p B.k. 1969dp„ \B-_d®v$p r_e„ÓZ Ap¡\p¡qfV$u_u fQ_p B.k. 1980dp„ _d®v$p S>m rhhpv$ Þepepr^L$fZ_u cgpdZ f \B.-B.k. 1987dp„ kfv$pf kfp¡hf_p dy¿e b„^_y„ L$pe® iê$ \ey.-B.k. 1988dp„ cpfs_p Apep¡S>_ „Q Üpfp âp¡S>¡L$V$_p fp¡L$pZ_u bpbsdp„ d„S|>fu Ap`hpdp„ Aphu lsu.-B.k. 1994dp„ _d®v$p bQphp¡ Ap„v$p¡g_L$pfuAp¡A¡ ep¡S>_p rhê$Â^ kyâud L$p¡V®$dp„ AfÆ L$fu-B.k. 2000dp„ b„^_u JQpB 90 duV$f \B-B.k. 2004dp„ b„^_u JQpB 110.64 duV$f \B-B.k. 2006dp„ b„^_u JQpB 121.92 duV$f \B lsu.

NyS>fps kfL$pf Üpfp B.k. 2006dp„ âpf„c \e¡gu A_¡ S>¡_u iê$Aps sÐL$pgu_ fpô²`rs A¡.ù.S>¡. Aåvy$g L$gpd¡ L$f¡gu s¡hu "Äep¡rs N°pd ep¡S>_p' lh¡ k„`|Z® cpfs v$¡idp„ gpN| L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡. S>¡_u Op¡jZp L$¡[ÞÖe L$p¡gkp, rhS>mu A_¡ Ane DÅ® d„Óu ue|j Np¡eg Üpfp 6 S|>_¡ L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. Ap ep¡S>_p N°pduZ rhõspfp¡dp„ 24 L$gpL$ kõsu A_¡ kygc rhS>mu D`gåc L$fphhp dpV$¡ k„b„r^s R>¡.

àNyS>fps rh^p_kcp_p bS>¡V$kÓ_p A„rsd qv$hkp¡dp„ fpS>e_p¡ 11dp¡ h_ dlp¡Ðkh g¡Dhp V$¡g kdpS>_p Apõ\p_p L$¡ÞÖ A¡hp Mp¡X$g^pd-L$pNhX$ Mps¡ ep¡Åi¡.

à AÐepf kyû_p ep¡Åe¡gp h_ dlp¡Ðkhà â\d - yr_sh_ (Np„û_Nf)à buÅ¡ - su\®L$fh_ (spf„Np)à ÓuÅ¡ - dp„Nëe (A„bpÆ)à Qp¡\p¡ - lqflf (kp¡d_p\)à p„Qdp¡ - cqL$sh_ (Qp¡qV$gp)à R>Ì$p¡ : íepdg (ipdmpÆ) à kpsdp¡ : phL$h_ (`pguspZp)à ApW$dp¡ - rhfpks (`phpNY$)à _hdp¡ - Np¡thv$Nyê$ (dp_NY$)à v$kdp¡ - _pN¡ih_ (ÜpfL$p-_pN¡ðf)

`p¡qgk v$mdp„ 33 % drlgp A_pds gpNy L$f_pf NyS>fps â\d fpS>e bÞey

v$¡idp„ drlgp kiqL$sL$fZ A_¡ kdpS> DÐ\p__u QQp®Ap¡ dp¡V$p âdpZdp„ \B flu R>¡. L$¡V$gpe¡ fpS>ep¡dp„ drlgpAp¡ kpd¡_p A`fp^p¡ Qfdkudp `f R>¡. Ap„sffpô²$ue drlgp qv$hk r_rds¡ M|b S> kyauepZu hpsp¡ \pe R>¡. `f„sy _L$L$f L$pe® L$p¡_¡ L$l¡hpe s¡ Å¡hp NyS>fps sfa _Tf _pMhu Å¡BA¡.

NyS>fps_p â\d drlgp dy¿ed„Óu Ap_„v$ub¡_ `V$¡g¡ f4 S|>_¡ A¡L$ dlÐh`|Z® r_Z®e Üpfp kpQp A\®dp„ drlgp kirL$sL$fZ L$fu bspìey R¡. s¡dZ¡ fpS>e_p `p¡qgkvmdp„ dqlgpAp¡ dpV$¡ 33 % A_pds_u Op¡jZp s¡d_p 100 qv$hk_p A¡S>ÞX$p_p rlõkp v$fqdep_ L$fu lsu. lh¡ `R>u_u `p¡qgk v$m_u v$f¡L$ k„hN®_u cfsudp„ drlgpAp¡_¡ $$33 % ApfnZ âpá \i¡. Ap kp\¡ NyS>fps fpS>e p¡rgkv$mdp„ drlgpAp¡ dpV$¡ 33 % ApfnZ gpNy L$f_pf v$¡i_„y â\d fpS>e b_u Ney R>¡.

NyS>fps p¡rgkdp„ drlgpAp¡_u k„¿ephs®dp_ kde¡ NyS>fps fpS>edp„ Apif¡ f`00 S>¡V$gp drlgp p¡qgk L$d®Qpfu R>¡. fpS>e

Üpfp ApNpdu kdedp„ `p¡rgk v$mdp„ 60,000 S>¡V$gu cfsu_¡ guguT„X$u v$ip®hhpdp„ Aphu flu R>¡. Ap cfsu kam \i¡ sp¡ fpS>edp„ drlgp p¡qgk_u k„¿ep 19,800 S>¡V$gu \B S>i¡.

åe|fp¡ Ap¸a p¡qgk qfkQ® A¡ÞX$ X$¡hg`d¡ÞV$ A_ykpf hs®dp_dp„ cpfsdp„ Ly$g p¡qgk ndsp 1`.8` gpM `¥L$u drlgpAp¡_u k„¿ep dpÓ 84,479 S>¡V$gu R>¡, S>¡ Apif¡ ` % S>¡V$gu \pe R>¡.

kp¥\u h^y drlgp p¡rgk L$d®Qpfu fphsp fpS>e(1) dlpfpô²$ : f0,06f(f) srdg_pXy$ : 10,118(3) qv$ëlu : ,3`6

kp¥\u Ap¡R>u drlgp p¡qgk L$d®Qpfu fphsp fpS>e(1) DÑfâv$¡i : f,`86(f) dÂeâv$¡i : 3,010

NyS>fpsdp„ lh¡ g¡X$u v$b„N _d®v$p r_e„ÓZ Ap¡\p¡qfV$u Üpfp kfv$pf kfp¡hf b„^_u JQpB h^pfhp dpV$¡ d„S|>fu

hs®dp_ kde¡ k¡V$¡gpBV$ Bd¡qT„N s¡dS> g¡V$¡õV$ V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ_p Ap^pf¡ lhpdp__u ApNpluAp¡ L$fhpdp„ Aphsu lp¡e R>¡. Å¡ L$¡, s¡_p L$fsp NyS>fps_p L©$rjL$pfp¡ ApS>¡ `Z `f„`fpNs fusp¡ S>¡hu L$¡, cX$gu hpL$e, ApL$piv$i®_, h_õ`rs A_¡ nu-`°pZu_p gnZp¡ (V$uV$p¡X$u_p HX$p), N°l-_nÓ, lp¡guL$p v$l_ kde¡ `h__u qv$ip S>¡hu âpQu_ fusp¡ hfkpv$_p hsp®fp dpV$¡ kQp¡V$ kpbus \su bpbsp¡ f qhðpk fph¡ R>¡.

M¡X|$sp¡_¡ Ap `f„`fpNs `Â^rs_p Ap^pf¡ hfkpv$_u ApNplu_u dprlsu dmu fl¡ A_¡ hfkpv$_p hsp®fp_y„ f„`fpNs op_ S>mhpB fl¡ s¡ dpV$¡ S|>_pNY$ L©$rj e|r_hrk®V$uA¡ âepkp¡ iê$ L$ep® R>¡. hfkpv$u rhop_ dpV$¡ Ad|ëe L$lu iL$pe s¡hy `yõsL$ "d¡Odpmp' lh¡ h¡bkpBV$ `f dyL$pi¡. S>¡\u fk fph_pfpAp¡ s¡_¡ Ap¡_gpB_ Z hp„Qu iL$i¡.

NyS>fps fpS>edp„ `f„`fpNs op__p Ap^pf¡ hfkpv$_u ApNplu L$fsp 6` gp¡L$p¡ R>¡. s¡d_p op__p¡ gpc dm¡ s¡ dpV$¡ ârshj® hL®$ip¡` ep¡Æ_¡ s¡d_u ApNplu L$¡V$gu kpQu `X$u s¡_„y rhïg¡jZ Z \pe R>¡.

hjp® rhop__y„ `yõsL$ "d¡Odpmp' lh¡ h¡bkpBV$ `f L$ÃR>u gp¡L$k„Nus_¡ pòps k„Nus_p Ap¾$dZ kpd¡ V$L$phu fpMhp A_¡ Ap gp¡L$k„Nus f Ap^pf fpMu_¡ p¡sp_u ApÆrhL$p d¡mhsp L$gpL$pfp¡_u Apr\®L$ qf[õ\rs_¡ ky^pfhp L$ÃR> drlgp rhL$pk k„NW$_¡ `X$L$pf Ægu_¡ L$ÃR>u k„Nus_¡ rkX$u-Apëbd ê$`¡ s¥epf L$fu gpBb°¡fudp„ dyL$hpdp„ Aphi¡. Ap gpBb°¡fu_¡ "k„Nus Å¡ k„S>¡fp¡' _pd âv$p_ \ey R>¡.

NyS>fps fpÄedp„ fp¡S>Npfu_p Acphdp„ Æhsp dpÓ Qpf L$gpL$pfp¡ S> L$ÃR>u gp¡L$k„Nus_p hpÛp¡ NpB hNpX$u iL$¡ R>¡. s¡Ap¡ Ap k„Nus_u Ad|ëe ^fp¡lf_¡ bQphhp Aknd S>Zpsp L$ÃR> drlgp rhL$pk k„NW$_¡ L$ÃR>_p L$gpL$pfp¡_¡ A¡L$ d„Q âv$p_ L$fu_¡ "kyfhpZu' _pd_u k„õ\p b_phu R>¡. s¡dS> Ap k„õ\p Üpfp A¡L$ L$p¸çeyr_V$u f¡qX$ep¡ Z Qgphpe R>¡, S>¡dp L$ÃR>u gp¡L$Nus-k„Nus fS|> \pe R>¡. k„õ\p_p âepkp¡_¡ rg^¡ L$ÃR>_p 500 S>¡V$gp L$gpL$pfp¡ A¡L$ d„Q f Apìep R>¡. "kyfhpZu' k„õ\pA¡ L$ÃR>u k„Nus_u ÅmhZu dpV$¡ Ad¡qfL$_ õV$X$u qfkQ® Ap¸a BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$, qv$ëlu kp\¡ dmu_¡ f¡L$p¡qX„$N iê$ L$ey® R>¡.Ø L$ÃR>u L$gpL$pfp¡ L$ÃR>dp„ Qpf Npdp¡ hÃQ¡ k„NusfpeZ(d¡mphX$p¡) ep¡S>¡ R>¡. s¡dS> dy„bB,

rv$ëlu, L$p¡gL$Ñp s\p rhv$¡ip¡dp„ `Z `p¡sp_u L$gp fS|> L$fu füp R>¡.Ø L$ÃR>u k„Nus_p Ly$g 40 âL$pf R>¡.

"k„Nus Å¡ k„S>¡fp¡'-L$ÃR>u k„Nus_u gpBb°¡fu

l¡çbN® Mps¡_u S>d®_ `k®_g L$¡Af âdyM buek®X$p¡a®_u dprgL$u ^fphsu h¥[ðL$ kp¦v$e® b°p„X$ _urhep Üpfp cpfsdp„ `p¡sp_p¡ â\d r_dp®Z àgp„V$ NyS>fps_p kpZ„v$ Mps¡ õ\p`hp_u Op¡jZp f3 S|>_¡ \B lsu. hj® f01`\u iê$ \hp_u Apip fphsp¡ Ap àgp„V$ 1000 L$fp¡X$_p fp¡L$pZ kp\¡ 7f,000 hN® ayV$ n¡Ódp„ õ\pr`s \i¡.

""Ap c|gL$p cZu_¡ L$fi¡ QdÐL$pf\i¡ Qpf¡ L$p¡f DÅ®_p¡ _hk„Qpf''

bpmL$p¡_p Dˆ$hm crhóe dpV$¡ ipmp âh¡ip¡Ðkh-f014 NyS>fps kfL$pf Üpfp N°pçe rhõspfdp„ 1f-13-14 S|>_, f014 A_¡ il¡fu rhõspf dpV$¡ 19-f0-f1 S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> ep¡ÅB Nep¡.

ipmp âh¡i DÐkh_u rkÂûAp¡ :- 99% L$fsp h^y bpmL$p¡_y _pdp„L$_- p¡fZ 1 \u X²$p¡` ApDV$ f¡V$ f0.`0 % \u OV$u_¡ 2.00 % \ep¡.- p¡fZ 1 \u 7 _p¡ X²$p¡` ApDV$ f¡V$ 37.ff % \u OV$u_¡ 6.91 % \ep¡.- kpnfsp v$f 69.14 % (f001) \u hû 79.31 % (f011) \ep¡.- 17f.34 L$fp¡X$_p rhÛpgÿdu bp¡ÞX$ 1`,11,f60 rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ A¡_pes \ep.- fpS>e_u sdpd âp\rdL$ ipmpAp¡ âp\rdL$ kyrh^p\u kˆ$ b_u

ipmp âh¡ip¡Ðkh-f014

NyS>fps kfL$pf_u "Äep¡rs N°pd ep¡S>_p' lh¡ `|Z® v$¡idp„ gpN| L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡

11dp¡ "h_ dlp¡Ðkh' Mp¡X$g^pddp„ ep¡Åi¡

_urhep NyS>fps_p kpZ„v$dp„ `p¡sp_p¡ â\d àgp„V$ õ\pì¡


L$gp-k„õL©$rs_pkp_y„ k„ip¡^_-A¡ÞV$pL®$qV$L$pdp„ `©Õhu `f_y„ kp¥\u W„$Xy$ sp`dp_ -93.f qX$N°u

Ap¸õV²$¡rgep A_¡ qaqg`pBÞk_p h¥opr_L$p¡A¡ q_L$g ^psy Mp_pf h©n_u dprlsu d¡mhu R>¡. Ap h©n raqg`pBÞk_p gykp¡_ V$p`y `f QË$p_u rhõspfp¡dp„ Mpgu `X$¡gp d¡v$p_dp„ Å¡hp dýey R>¡. Ap n¡Ó_u dpV$udp„ cpf¡ ^psyAp¡_u Ar^L$sp R>¡. S>¡_y _pd rf_pf¡ep r_L$L$pgua¡fp R>¡.

e|r_hrk®V$u Ap¸a ragu`pBÞk-gp¡k b¡_p¡k A_ykpf 1.` \u 1.8 duV$f JQp Ap h©ndp„ A¡L$ k¡ÞV$uduV$f\u Ap¡R>p dp¡V$p am gpN¡ R>¡. S>¡_p p_dp„ r_L$g_u dpÓp kpdpÞe fus¡ p_dp„ Å¡hp dmsu dpÓp L$fsp lÅf NZu h^y R>¡.

d¡gbp¡_® e|r_hrk®V$udp„ h¥opr_L$p¡ A_ykpf qf_pqfep r_L$L$pgua¡fp_u S>¡d R>p¡X$ dpV$udp„ dmsu psyAp¡\u kapB L$fu iL$¡ R>¡. rhi¡jop¡_p S>Zpìep dyS>b Ap h©n_¡ AÞeÓ DNpX$hpdp„ kp¥\u dp¡V$u bp^p A¡ R>¡ L$¡ s¡ buÅ ep®hfZ A_¡ hpspfZdp„ rhL$qks \B iL$sp _\u.

â¡fZp`pB_p âep¡Np¡ lh¡ A„sqfndp„-_pkp_u d„S|>fu

L$e|åk B_ õ`¡k âp¡N°pd A¡V$g¡ iy„ ?

dpÓ 11 hj®_u he ^fphsu A_¡ kpsdp ^p¡fZdp„ Aæepk L$fsu cpfsue d|m_u A_¡ k„²eyL$s Afb Adufps_p ipfÅl Mps¡ hkhpV$ ^fphsu rhÛp\}_u â¡fZp `pB_p b¡ âep¡N (1) V|$ qõV$L$ A_¡ _p¡V$ V|$ qõV$L$ (f) V$pBd A¡ÞX$ â¡if _pkp_p L$e|åk B_ õ`¡k (ku.ApB.A¡k.) âp¡N°pd A„sN®s A„sqfndp„ dp¡L$ghp dpV$¡ _pkp Üpfp d„S|>fu âv$p_ \B R>¡.

â\d âep¡Nhpey d„X$gue v$bph_u N¡fS>lpS>fudp„ A„sqfndp„ rQ`L$u S>su

rhrcÞ_ hõsyAp¡_p ìehlpf L$fhp_u k„cph_p rhj¡ R>¡.

buÅ¡ âep¡Nb¡ _p_u bp¡V$g S>¡dp„ A¡L$ bp¡V$g L$pQ_u A_¡ A¡L$ bp¡V$g

àgpqõV$L$_u R>¡. Ap bp¡V$gp¡_¡ dpV$u_p L$p¡L®$\u b„^ L$fu_¡ A¡L$ L$e|bdp„ fpMhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

âep¡Np¡_u A„sqfn epÓpD`fp¡L$s b„¡ âep¡NpÐdL$ A„sqfn D`L$fZ `k„v$Nu_p 100

âep¡Np¡ `¥L$u_p R>¡, S>¡_¡ f6 S|>_ f014_p fp¡S> A¡S>Þku_p h¡gp¡àk agpBV$ kyrh^p_p kpDqX„$N fp¡L$¡V$ Üpfp A„sqfndp„ dp¡L$ghpdp„ Apìep. `k„v$ \e¡gp 100 âep¡Np¡ `¥L$u 7` âep¡N Ad¡qfL$u rhÛp\}Ap¡ A_¡ bpL$u_p f` âep¡N vy$r_ep_p AÞe v$¡ip¡_p rhÛp\}Ap¡_p R>¡.

_pkp Üpfp s¡_p¡ Ap âp¡N°pd ê$rbL$ gr_¯N Br_riA¡qV$h ApBX|$X$g kp¡aV$h¡f A_¡ L$p¡gp¡fpX$p¡ õ`¡k N°p„V$ L„$kp¡qV®$ed_p fp¸L$k¡V$-ku âp¡N°pd kp\¡ dmu_¡ d¡ f014dp„ iê$ L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. S>¡ õL|$g rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ A¡k.V$u.B.A¡d. âep¡Np¡_¡ A„sqfndp„ L$¡hu fus¡ ân¡r`s L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, s¡ bpbs riMhsp¡ A¡L$ Ap„sffpô²$ue i¥nrZL$ âp¡N°pd R>¡.

A¡k.V$u.B.A¡d. rhop_ V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ, A¡qÞS>r_eqf„N A_¡ NrZs rhje_¡ v$ip®h¡ R>¡. âp¡N°pddp„ vy$r_ep_p M|Z¡ M|Z¡\u 11 \u 14 hj®_p rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ °pep¡rNL$ A„sqfn D`L$fZ (àg¡gp¸X$¹k)_¡ Apd„qÓs L$fhpdp„ Apìep lsp.

r_L$g ^psy Apfp¡N_pf h©n_u ip¡^ \B

B.k. 1958dp„ cp¥rsL$ip÷_y„ _p¡b¡g âpBT rhS>¡sp \_pf A_¡ f¡qX$A¡i_ k„ip¡^_dp„ p¡sp_y„ kdN° Æh_ A`®Z L$f_pf frie_ h¥opr_L$ `p¡h¡g Q¡f„L$p¡a¡_p _pd `f\u "d¡S>f A¡V$dp¡[õaeqf Q¡f„L$p¡a A¡¼k`fud¡ÞV ' _pd ^fphsy rhð_y„ kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ Npdp f¡ V$¡rgõL$p¡` gv«pM _ÆL$_p dpÓ 300 gp¡L$p¡_u hksu ^fphsp lp_g¡ Npd `pk¡ ApNpdu hj® 2015 kyûdp„ r_dp®Z `pdu_¡ hj® 2016dp„ L$pe®fs \B S>i¡. Ap V$¡rgõL$p¡` l¥v$fpbpv Mps¡_u Bg¡L$V²$uL L$p¸`p£f¡i_ Ap¸a$$BqÞX$ep rgrdV$¡X$¡ cpcp A¡V$rdL$ qfkQ® k¡ÞV$f dpV$¡ b_pìey R>¡.è V$¡rgõL$p¡`_u qX$TpB_ s¥epf L$fsp 25 BS>_¡fp¡_¡ 4 hj® gpÁep lsp.è 15,000 ayV$_u JQpBA¡ r_dp®Z \_pf Ap V$¡rgõL$p¡`_u JQpB 45 duV$f li¡. s¡_p¡ ìepk 70 ayV$ R>¡.è V$¡rgõL$p¡`_p AqfkpAp¡ rlfpdp„\u b_phpep R>¡.è V$¡rgõL$p¡` kp¥f DÅ® k„Qprgs R>¡.è Ly$g MQ® 45 L$fp¡X$ S>¡V$gp¡ \ep¡ R>¡.è Ap V$¡rgõL$p¡` L$fsp `Z dp¡Vy$ V$¡rgõL$p¡` _prdrbep_p fZdp„ Aph¡gy R>¡, `f„sy s¡ S>du_dp„ Mpõky A¡hy r_Q¡ Aph¡gy R>¡.

Äepf¡ gv«pM_y„ V$¡rgõL$p¡` M|b S> JQpB f Aph¡gy R>¡.

gv«pM_p lp_g¡dp„ rhð_y„ kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ Npdp f¡ V$¡rgõL$p¡`

rlfp rhjeL$Ø rlfp¡ fpkperZL$ ê$`¡ L$pb®__y„ iyÂ^sd ê$` R>¡, S>¡ vy$r_ep_y„ A¡L$ blyd|ëe

fÐ_ R>¡. rlfpdp„ âÐe¡L$ `fdpÏ Qpf AÞe L$pb®_ `fdpÏAp¡ kp\¡ kl-k„ep¡S>_ b„^ Üpfp Ap`kdp„ Å¡X$pe¡gp lp¡e R>¡. L$pb®_ `fdpÏAp¡_p bplfu L$ndp„ D`qõ\s v$f¡L$ Qpf¡ Bg¡L$V²$p¡_ kl k„ep¡S>_ b„^dp„ cpN g¡ R>¡. s¡dS> A¡L$`Z Bg¡L$V²$p¡_ õhs„Ó _\u lp¡sp¡, S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ rlfp¡ Dódp s\p rhÛys_y„ hplL$ lp¡e R>¡. rlfpdp„ v$f¡L$ L$pb®_ `fdpÏ M|b S> iqL$sipmu kl-k„ep¡Æ b„^_\u Å¡X$pe¡gp lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ M|b S> kMs lp¡e R>¡.

Ø rlfp¡ âpL©$rsL$ `v$p\p£dp„ kp¥\u L$W$p¡f `v$p\® R>¡. S>¡_u L$W$p¡fsp_¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡_p âep¡N L$¡V$gpe¡ DÛp¡Np¡ A_¡ Apc|jZp¡dp„ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. iyÂ^ rlfp¡ ka¡v$ lp¡e R>¡. S>epf¡ AiyÂ^ rlfp¡ c|fp¡, gpg, _pf„Nu, ùmp¡, gugp¡ A_¡ L$pmp¡ lp¡e R>¡. gugp¡ lufp¡ M|b S> vy$g®c R>¡.

Ø rlfp_¡ ANf Ap¡h_dp„ 763 qX$N°u k¡[ëkek f Nfd L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡ bmu_¡ L$pb®_ X$pep¡L$kpBX$ b_u Åe R>¡. s¡_p¡ L$p¡B Ahi¡j bQsp¡ _\u.

Ø kMs lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ rlfp_p¡ Dèp¡N L$pQ L$p`hp s\p QË$p_p¡dp„ R>¡v$ L$fhp dpV$¡ Z \pe R>¡.

vyr_ep_p¡ kp¥\u dS>b|s rk„\¡qV$L$ rlfp¡Qu_ Mps¡_u ep_ip_ e|r_hrk®V$u_p

h¥opr_L$ ep¢NSy>N rsAp_ A_¡ L$hp_ lyAp„N Üpfp k„eyL$s ê$`¡ vy$r_ep_p¡ kp¥\u dS>b|s tk\¡qV$L$ rlfp¡ b_phhp_u Op¡jZp ff S|>_¡ \B lsu. Ap rlfp¡ âpL©$rsL$ qlfp L$fsp h^y dS>b|s R>¡.

tk\¡qV$L$ rlfp¡ b_phhpdp„ Xy„Nmu S>¡hp õsfp¡ (`X$) fphsp L$pb®__p _p_p L$Zp¡_¡ Dèp¡Ndp„ g¡hpdp„ Apìep lsp. Ap L$Zp¡_¡ DÃQ sp`dp_ A_¡ DÃQ v$bpZdp„ fpMhpdp„ Apìep lsp. S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ Ap tk\¡qV$L$ rlfp_¡ A¡hu Av$¹c|s k„fQ_p dmu L$¡ s¡ h^ydp„ h^y sp`dp__p¡ kpd_p¡ L$fhp knd b_u Nep¡, S>epf¡ âpL©$rsL$ rlfp¡ h^y sp`dp_dp„ L$pb®_ X$pBAp¡L$kpBX A_¡ dp ¡_p ¡L$kpBX$dp „ `qfhrs®s \B Åe R>¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_p Ak„¿e NyZ Mp¡B b¡k¡ R>¡.

ØAd¡qfL$p_u k¡du L„$X$L$V$f rQ` d¡L$f L„$`_u HV$¡g¡ "L$p¡f A¡d' âp¡k¡kf 3 S|>__p fp¡S> gp¢Q L$ey® R>¡. Ap âp¡k¡kf HV$¡g_p Brslpkdp„ khp®r^L$ A¡_Æ® A¡aurie„V$ `°p¸k¡kf R>¡. S>¡ a¥_g¡k bpX®$h¡g rQ`dp„ gNphu iL$pe R>¡. Ø "L$p¡f A¡d'_y„ hS>_ 670 N°pd R>¡. A_¡ s¡ 7.f

A¡d.A¡d. `psmy R>¡. 14 _¡_p¡duV$f_y„ Ap âp¡k¡kf g¡`V$p¡` A_¡ V$¡bg¡V$ b„_¡dp„ Dèp¡N L$fu iL$pe R>¡.

Ø L$p¸f.A¡d.T¡X$.X$u. _¡V$ (T¡X$.X$u.) `p„Q NuNp lV®$k_u L$pe®ndsp D`gå^ L$fphhp knd R>¡.

Ø HV$¡g Üpfp L$p¡f ApB 7 qQ` Z gp¢Q L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. s¡_y„ L$p¡X$ _pd X$¡rhëk L$¥r_e_ R>¡. s¡ Qpf (4) NuNp lV®$k_u qäL$hÞku f L$pe® L$fu iL$¡ R>¡.

HV$¡g Üpfp 14 _¡_p¡duV$f_y„ "L$p¡f A¡d' âp¡k¡kf gp¢Q \ey

- kp¥\u `l¡gp MpÛ `v$p\p£ A_¡ kp¦v$e® âkp^_p¡dp„ Dèp¡N \sp kpdpÞe rdîZ V$pBV$¡r_ed X$peAp¸L$kpBX$_u AgN AgN dpÓp_¡ dpV$u_u V$pBëkp¡ `f gNphu lsu. bpv$dp„ V$pBëkp¡_¡ rhÛp\}Ap¡ Üpfp gpL$X$u, V$¡agp¡_ A_¡ ù.hu.ku. `pBq`„N\u b_phpe¡g g^y hpey d„X$gue L$ndp„ fpMu v$¡hpdp„ Aphu lsu. Ap L$n_¡ _pBV²$p¡S>_ Ap¸L$kpBX$_p ÷p¡s A_¡ s¡_p õsf_¡ dp`_pf e„Ó kp\¡ Å¡X$hpdp„ Aphu lsu.

- bpv$dp„ s¡_¡ k|e® âL$pi_¡ A_yê$` b_phhp dpV$¡ `pfÅ„bgu qL$fZp¡_p¡ Dèp¡N L$fu_¡ V$pBV$¡r_ed X$peAp¸L$kpBX$_¡ kq¾$e b_phu_¡ _pBV²$p¡S>_ Ap¸L$kpBX$_¡ Msd L$ep£ lsp¡. âep¡N v$frdep_ ÅZhp dýey L$¡ V$pBV$¡r_ed X$peAp¸L$kpBX$_y„ X$ fphsu V$pBëkp¡A¡ 97 % _pBV²$p¡S>_ Ap¸L$kpBX$ ¥L$u 88 % _¡ vy$f L$ep£ lsp¡.

- âep¡N v$frdep_ A¡hu bpbs `Z kpd¡ Aphu lsu L$¡, AgN AgN dpÓp L$¡ 1f NZu h^y Ar^L$ V$pBV$¡r_ed X$peAp¸L$kpBX$_y„ `X$ QX$phhp f Z _pBV²$p¡S>_ Ap¸L$kpBX$_¡ vy$f L$fhp dpV$¡ h^y saphs S>Zpep¡ _ lsp¡.

e|r_hrk®V$u Ap¸a L$¡rgap¡r_®ep_u k„ip¡^_ V$ud¡ hpey âvy$jZ_¡ AV$L$phu iL$¡ s¡hu V$pBV$¡r_ed X$peAp¸L$kpBX$\u V$pBëk rhL$rks L$fhpdp„ kamsp d¡mhu R>¡. V$pBV$¡r_ed X$peAp¸L$kpBX$_y„ qdîZ ^fphsy `X$ R>s `f gNphhpdp„ Aphi¡ s¡ Apk`pk_u lhp_¡ õhÃR> b_phu v$¡i¡. Ap âL$pf_p `X$_¡ `p¡sp_u R>s `f gNphhp dpV$¡ h`fpiL$sp®A¡ h^y MQ® `Z _lu L$fhp¡ `X$¡ dpÓ ` Ad¡qfL$u X$p¸gf (300 ê$qèp)dp„ s¡ s¥epf \B S>i¡. V$pBëk rhjeL$ :Ø kf¡fpi ApL$pf ^fphsu fl¡ZpL$u R>s `f Ap V$pBëk_y„ `X$ gNphhp_¡ L$pfZ¡ A¡L$ L$pf Üpfp Apif¡ 17,703 qL$gp¡duV$f Qgpìep bpv$

r_L$msp ârshj® _pBV²$p¡S>_ Ap¸L$kpBX \u ¡v$p \sp õdp¡N (^y„^) _¡ vy$f L$fhpdp„ dv$v$ dmi¡.Ø k„ip¡^_L$sp®Ap¡A¡ NZsfu L$fu lsu L$¡, V$pBV$¡r_ed X$peAp¸L$kpBX$_p rdîZ_¡ A¡L$ rdrge_ R>s f gNphhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡_p\u fp¡S> f1

V$_ S>¡V$gp¡ _pBV²$p¡S>_ Ap¸L$kpBX$ Ap¡R>p¡ L$fu iL$pe R>¡. Ø _pBV²$p¡S>_ X$peAp¸L$kpBX$ DÃQ sp`dp_¡ Ad|L$ H^Zp¡_p bmhp_p L$pfZ¡ `¡v$p \pe R>¡. Ðepfbpv$ k|e® âL$pidp„ bpóìug L$pb®r_L$

ep¡rNL$p¡ kp\¡ ârsq¾$ep L$fu_¡ õdp¡N (^y„^) b_¡ R>¡.

hpey âvy$jZ fp¡L$hp _hu V$pBV$¡r_ed X$peAp¸L$kpBX$ V$pBëk rhL$rks \B

rhL$rks âq¾$ep rhjeL$ :

36


L$gp-k„õL©$rs_pkp_y„ k„ip¡^_-A¡ÞV$pL®$qV$L$pdp„ `©Õhu `f_y„ kp¥\u W„$Xy$ sp`dp_ -93.f qX$N°u .k. 97 u f0 ` kû c fsu | ¥o r $ k £n d „ `¡i¡h c|r o _u A_¡ hj® 0 6 \ 1f yû f ô²$ eB 1 1 \ 0 y p e ch p _L h Z p f h p f 0 u f0 k p u A¢V p ®$ V$L A ¡ lp p f A y „ _ L$Þ _p _v$£ L fl p p s e ¥o r $ f k $ frhÞÖ f S|>__ fpS Þ | pL® (Ad¡q $ )$ L q $ _ d k N _k^p ¡ Ö q i $ ¡g c f u h p _L r L _¡ 1 p ¡ > ee ¡ $ fL p Mps¡ k yÖ_p Lp ` õ $V pV$}Ap_p f4 p k„eyLs f ô²$ kd¡ _ $frde _ | A¡ $ d _ p_ ^ r r V ¹k Ap¸ L$p¡ Þ $ $ d $ _|_ f V ¡ $ ` ¡ d „ $ p „ g v p e. _. Lr i A ¸ g d $ a q V_¢Vgi¡ëa (e.A¡_. u Ag.k . ¡k.)_p kvõ sfuL$¡ 11 S $ p v$ e ¡A¡ k„v$ L$ep s . ¡ _u k„v$ u A õ\ _ f\u ¡ ° p | k . ¡ u A $ e 1 >¡Vg k õ p ® l p sd N p p ` abyA fuf0 4dp„ fpÆ_p y A `_p p e ¥o r L$ fp >_ ihf d Ló __p õ\p ¡ \ >.1 d p f c fsu h p _ S r p ©$ Z _ B R ¡

sAp¡ S çd- $ í u |r_hr ® $ d „\u _p L \ep R ¡ sd_¡ c|r o __ Sy> p Sy>v p ¡Ó ¡_p p¡ ¡ A h >. S>dp ¢V$ L® q $ $ , ¡ > | L p d f e kVu p õ s $ >. ¡ h p p v$ $ n p ¡ bl mp _|c R ¡ ¡ „ A p $ VL p| $ _ A c fs_p h s fpdp„ cyN } ` k `Z k d > s¡dZ ApL® qV$ $ _¡ AVp ®$ VL p °y u n¡Óp¡dp„ S> p y rf s_ cVp _¡ p r õ p ¡ c e s p p ¡g R ¡. ¡ $ L A ¢ $ L q $ $ _p h e mh e h ®„ p^__y„ _¡s©Ð $ y s.ki ¡ h Le® l y

f k $ fr ÞÖ_¡ hj® 19 0dp„ f ô²$ e M S> `yfõL$ f, j f01 d „ p¡ f p k A¡ X$ ¾$ e ¡ X²$e d V ¡ ô²$ e L p â ár L h 9 p u _u p h ® 3 p ` g k eÞ Þ p põ ¡ f p $ fp u yfõ $ f p \ep >.¡ R ¡

e|.A¡_.ku.A¡g.ku.A¡k.dp„ cpfsue h¥opr_L$ frkL$ frhÞÖ

frkL$ frhÞÖ :

L$rdi_ Ap¸a ^ rgrdV$¹k Ap¸a L$p¡qÞV$_¢V$g i¡ëa : s¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$_y„ f1 kv$õe fphsy A¡L$ A¡L$d R>¡, S>¡_¡

v$¡ip¡_¡ _hp kdyÖu n¡Óp¡ âv$p_ L$fhp_u iqL$s R>¡. kv$õep¡_u Q|„V$Zu `p„Q hj® dpV$¡ õV$¡V$ `pV$}Ap¡ Üpfp `p¡sp_p v$¡i_p _pNqfL$p¡dp„\u L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Ap kv$õep¡ c|rhop_, c|cp¥rsL$u, S>mfpiu rhop_ S>¡hp n¡Óp¡_p A_|chu r_óZp„s lp¡e R>¡.

Ap L$rdi__p¡ l¡sy b¡TgpB_\u f00 kdyÖu dpBg_¡ `pf dlpqÜùe i¡ëa_u õ\p`_p L$fu_¡ k„eyL$s fpô²$ kdyÖ L$p_|_ L$Þh¡i__y„ L$pep®hl_ L$fhp_y R>¡. L$Þh¡i_ A„sN®s sV$ue fpô²$ `p¡sp_u kdyÖu i¡ëa_u bplfu kudp_u õ\p`_p S>ep„ s¡Ap¡ f00 A¡d.L$¡. `pf lp¡e Apep¡N_u cgpdZ L$fu iL$¡ R>¡. Ap kudpAp¡ k„b„r^s dpdgpAp¡ f sV$ue fpS>ep¡_u cgpdZ L$f¡ R>¡.

ApB.ApB.V$u. bu.A¡Q.e|.hpfpZku_p fkpeZ rhcpN_p h¥opr_L$p¡A¡ a¡akp_y„ L$¡Þkf fp¡L$hp dpV$¡ dv$v$Npf \B iL$¡ s¡hp "d¥\_p¡V²$pàk' A_¡ "X$pBÅ¡V²$pBk' _pd_p b¡$V$¡fuep_u ip¡^ L$ep®_u Op¡jZp S|>_-f014dp„ \B lsu.

Op¡jZp A_ykpf dpV$udp„ Ad|L$ A¡hp b¡L$V$¡qfep ip¡^hpdp„ Apìep R>¡ L$¡, S>¡ lhpdp„ a¡gpsp L$¡Þkf S>_L$$ fkperZL$ L$Zp¡_¡ ip¡ju g¡hp dpV$¡ knd R>¡. `¡BÞV$_p L$pfMp_p, hpl_p¡_p Qpghp rhN¡f¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ DÐkÆ®s \B_¡ hpsphfZdp„ a¡gpsp "h¡gpV$pBg Ap¡N£q_L$ L„`pJX$' _p L$Z a¡akp_p L$¡Þkf dpV$¡ S>hpbv$pf dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

h¥opr_L$p¡A¡ b¡L$V$¡qfep_u k„¿ep h^pfhp dpV$¡ L$p¡gkp¡, L„$ç`p¡õV$, `p¡rgrd_pBg ApëL$p¡lp¡g, hp„k_p Vy$L$X$p, _pfue¡mu_p `p_, `p¡V$¡ried _pBV²$¡V$$ s\p AÞe L$¡V$guL$ QuÅ¡_p klep¡N\u "bpep¡rfA¡L$V$f' rhL$qks L$ey® lsy. S>¡dp\u L$pfMp_p s\p hpl_p¡dp„\u r_L$msp N¡k_¡ kpf L$fphhpdp„ Aphsp s¡ b¡L$V$¡qfep N¡kdp„ dp¡Sy>v$ "V²$pB L$gp¡fp¡Br\rg_' _pd_p A¡ L$Z_¡ _ô$ L$fsy lsy S>¡_u k|ÿd dpÓp (`(`p„Q) ù.ù.A¡d.) `Z L$¡Þkf fp¡N a¡gphu iL$¡ R>¡.

a¡akp_p L$¡Þkf_¡ fp¡L$hp dv$v$Npf b¡L$V$¡fuep_u ip¡^ \B

L$p¡qfep_p h¥opr_L$p¡A¡ 1 S|>__p fp¡S> `©Õhu `f kp¥\u s¡S> TX$`¡ v$p¡X$sp ìeqL$s Dk¡_ bp¡ëV$ L$fsp h^y s¡T TX$`¡ v$p¡X$sp fp¸bp¡V$ f¡àV$f_¡ rhL$rks L$ep£ R>¡. fp¸bp¡V$_¡ L$p¡qfep_p rhop_ A_¡ V$¡¼¹_pgp¸Æ A¡X$hp„õX$ BqÞõV$V$¹e|V$dp„ rhL$rks L$fhpdp„ Aph¡g R>¡. Å¡ L$¡, Ap fp¸bp¡V$ V²$¡X$rdg f S> Qpgu iL$¡ R>¡. 46 qL$gp¡duV$f ârs L$gpL$ L$¡ f8 dpBg_u Nrs\u v$p¡X$hp knd Ap fp¡bp¡V$ Ap¡g„qç`L$ v$p¡X$huf Dk¡_ bp¡ëV$_u 44.7 qL$gp¡duV$f ârs L$gpL$ L$¡ f7.44 dpBg ârs L$gpL$_u syg_pA¡ M|b S> s¡T v$p¡X$¡ R>¡.

Ø fp¡bp¡V$_p N L$pb®_ apBbf_u L©$qÓd åg¡X$\u b_¡gp R>¡ A_¡ `„yR>dp„ e„Ó gpN¡gy R>¡.

Ø f¡àV$f qL$gp¡N°pd_u kO_ diu_ R>¡. S>¡_p `N lmhu k„rdrîs kpdN°u\u b_¡gp R>¡.

Ø f¡àV$f_u `|„R> s¡_¡ k„syrgs fpMhpdp„ dv$v$ L$f¡ R>¡, f¡àV$f_¡ qõ\f fpMhp dpV$¡ `|„R>_¡ ApNm `pR>m gB S>B iL$pe R>¡. s¡dS> |„R>_p¡ Dèp¡N rhÂ_p¡ pf L$fhp Z L$fu iL$pe R>¡.

L$p¡qfep_p h¥opr_L$p¡A¡ Dk¥_ bp¡ëV$ L$fsp Z h^y TX$`¡ v$p¡X$sp fp¸bp¡V$ f¡àV$f rhL$rks L$ep£

fp¸bp¡V$ f¡àV$f_u rhi¡j M|bu

ågX$ kyNf_u s`pk dpV$¡ A¡L$ _hu bpep¡rQ` rhL$rks

v$v$}_p dp¢ _u gpm_p dpÂed\u ågX$ kyNf_u dprlsu d¡mhu iL$su A¡L$ _hu bpep¡rQ` k¢kf Ad¡qfL$p_p b°pD_ e|r_hrk®V$u_p h¥opr_L$p¡A¡ rhL$rks L$fu R> ¡. Ap rQ`_u dv$v$\u X$peprbV$uk_p ùqX$s v$v$}_y„ fL$s d¡mìep hNf ÁgyL$p¡T õsf_y„ funZ L$fhp knd R>¡.

bpep¡rQ` A¡L$ HQ Qp¥L$p¡f L$hpV®$T_p Vy$L$X$p\u b_¡gu R>¡. S>¡_p `f Qp„v$u_y„ `psmy `X$ QY$¡gy R>¡. Qp„v$udp„ âÐe¡L$ kpBX$ `f _p_p-_p_p lÅfp¡ _¡_p¡õL$¡g HV$f a¡fp¡duV$f rR>Ó A¡L$ `°Zpgudp„ gpN¡gp R>¡. _hu qQ` A¡L$ rhriô$ fpkperZL$ ârsq¾$epAp¡_u î©„MgpAp¡ kp\¡ àgpTdp¡r_L$ HV$fa¡fp¡d¡V²u$_p¡ Dèp¡N L$f¡ R>¡. âL$pi_p Dèp¡N\u ep¥rNL$p¡_p fpkperZL$ NyZp¡_u dprlsu dmu iL$¡ R>¡.

Ap qX$hpBk M|b S> k„h¡v$_iug R>¡. S>¡ k¢`g hp¡ëe|d_p Ág|L$p¡T kp„Öspdp„ \_pf Ad|L$ lÅf AÏAp¡_p A„sf_u dprlsu d¡mhhp knd R>¡.

37

`pkhX®$Þpp âep¡N_u S>ê$fueps_¡ kdpá L$fhp dpV$¡ gp¡NB_ âp¡V$¡L$i_ s¥epf L$fhp r_Z®e

brd®^d_u Agpbpdp e|r_hrk®V$u_p rhi¡jo A_¡ L$çàe|V$f kpeÞk rhcpNdp„ A¡kp¡kuA¡V$ âp¸a¡kf r_s¡i kL$k¡_p_p _¡s©Ðhdp„ k„ip¡^_L$sp®Ap¡ A¡L$ A¡hy gp¸NB_ âp¡V$¡L$i_ s¥epf L$fu füp R>¡, S>¡ pkhX®$_p Dèp¡N_u S>ê$fuepsp¡_¡ Msd L$fu v$¡i¡. s¡dS> Tufp¡ HV$f¡L$i_ Ap¸\¢qV$L¡$i_\u pkhX®$_u AphíeL$sp _l] fl¡ A_¡ kyfnp Tp¡Md Z kdpá \B S>i¡.

kyfrns gp¸NB_ âp¸V$¡L$i__u fus¡ HV$f¡L$i_ Ap¸\¢qV$L$¡i_ f L$pd L$fu fl¡gp rhi¡jop¡_u V$ud D`L$fZ_p Dèp¡N hNf S> e|S>f_u g¡`V$p¡`$ L$¡ A¡L$ V$rd®_g kyû lp¢Qu iL$i¡. lp¢Q_u d„S|>fu Ðepf¡ S> dmi¡ L$¡, S>epf¡ _p_y A„sf, åg|Vy$\ S>¡hp hpefg¡k L$çeyr_L$¡i_ Q¡_g f Ap¡\¡„qVL$¡i_ âp¡V$p¡L$p¡g_p¡ Dèp¡N \ep bpv$ Ap¡mM L$f_pf rkõV$d e|S>f_p dp¡bpBg ap¡_ L$¡ L$pf_u Qphu S>¡hp rkL$e|qfV$u V$p¡L$__u dprlsu d¡mhu iL$i¡.

rhV$prd_ "A¡' eyL$s "ky`f L$¡my' rhL$rksAp¸õV²$¡rgep_u L$hukg¡ÞX$ e|r_hrk®V$u Ap¸a V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ_p h¥opr_L$p¡A¡ â\dhpf rhV$pqd_

"A¡' eyL$s "ky`f b_p_p' (qhriô$ L$¡my) rhL$rks L$ey® R>¡. "ky`f L$¡my' rhL$rks L$fhp_p l¡sykf kpdpÞe L$¡mpdp„ S>¥rhL$ (Æ_p¡d) õsf f bv$gph L$fu_¡ s¡dp„ "buV$p-L$¡fp¡V$u_' sÐh_y„ õsf h^pfhpdp„ Apìey lsy."ky`f L$¡mp'_¡ rhL$rks L$fhp_p¡ dy¿e l¡sy L$¡mp_p dpÂed\u ifufdp„ rhV$pdu_ "A¡'_p õsf_¡ h^pfhp_p¡ R>¡. S>¡\u ApräL$p_p Nfub v$¡ip¡_p gp¡L$p¡_p Æh_dp„ ky^pfp¡ \B iL$¡. D‰¡M_ue R>¡ L$¡, ApräL$u v$¡i eyNpÞX$pdp„ rhV$pqd_ "A¡'_u DZ`_¡ L$pfZ¡ bpmL$p¡dp„ ×[ô$rl_spA¡ dp¡V$p pe¡ kdõepAp¡ ¡v$p L$fu R>¡.

¾$p¢L$uV$ k„fQ_pAp¡dp„ rsfpX$p¡_u ip¡^ L$fu iL$su A¡L$ k„h¡v$_iug k`pV$u V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ DÑfu L$¡fp¡rg_p õV$¡V$ e|r_hrk®V$u A_¡ `|h} ra_g¡ÞX$ e|r_hrk®V$u_p h¥opr_L$p¡A¡ rhL$rks L$ep®_u Op¡jZp f4 S|>_¡ \B R>¡. S>¡ AÏ àgp„V$p¡, yg nrsN°õs \hp_p kde¡ Ðhrfs ârsq¾$ep dv$v$ê$` b_i¡.

qsfpX$p¡_u dprlsu Ap`su k„h¡v$_iug k`pV$u V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ rhL$rks


RNI No.:-GUJGUJ/2013/51331

REGISTERED POSTAL REGISTRATION No. BVR

416/2014-16 RENEWED UP TO 31-12-2016

POSTED AT 10TH OF EVERY MONTH AT TALAJA RMS

Editor-Publisher-Printer-Owner

CHAUHAN KAMLESHKUMAR NANDLALBHAI

Address : Gopnath Road, TALAJA-364 140.Dist : Bhavnagar (Gujarat)

Printed by : Shree Bhagvati Printer,203 Royal Complex, Bhavnagar

RNI :- GUJGUJ/2013/51331COMPETITIVE INDIA

13 S|>_¡ âL$pris S>_fg kpeÞkdp„ v$ip®hpe¡gp A¡L$ AÂee_ dyS>b ©Õhu f_p¡ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ S>mc„X$pf k„chs: ©Õhu_u cusf fl¡gp¡ R>¡. Ap âL$pf_y„ AÂee_ [òdp¡Ñf c|cp¥rsL$rhv$¹ õV$uh S>¥L$bk_ A_¡ e|r_hrk®V$u Ap¸a Þe| d¡qL$kL$p¡_p c|L„$` h¥opr_L$ b¢X$_ qíed¥qÞX$V$¹ Üpfp \ey lsy.AÝee_ bpv$ â\dhpf A¡hp âdpZp¡ dýep R>¡ L$¡ ©Õhu_y„ X$ L$¡ S>¡_¡ k„¾$dZ n¡Ó (V²$p„rS>i_ Tp¡_)gp¡Af d¢V$g A_¡ A`f d¢V$g_u hÃQ¡_y„ `X$ sfuL$¡ Ap¡mMhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. S>¡dp„ `pZu lp¡B iL$¡ R>¡. Ap âL$pf_p AÂee__¡ L$pfZ¡ h¥opr_L$p¡_¡ `©Õhu b_hp_u s¡_u hs®dp_ k„fQ_p A_¡ Ap„sqfL$ lgQgp¡ s¡dS> d¡V$g fp¡L$dp„ L$¡V$gy `pZu R>¡ s¡_p rhj¡ dpqlsu d¡mhhpdp„ dv$v$ ê$` \B iL$¡ R>¡.

AÝee_ v$frdep_ r_óZp„sp¡A¡ Å¡ey L$¡ c|rdNs d¥Ádp_u JX$pBdp„ DÑfu Ad¡qfL$pdp„ S>du_\u 643 qL$gp¡duV$f JX$¡ pZu lp¡hp_p k„L$¡s dmu füp R>¡. Ap pZu sfg, bfa L$¡ bpó`

`©Õhu_p¡ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ S>mc„X$pf `©Õhu_u cusf fl¡gp¡ R>¡ê$`¡ _\u.

pZu_„y Qp¡\y ê$` d¢V$¡g fp¸L$ M_uÅ¡_u ApqÎhL$ k„fQ_pd„p akpe¡gy R>¡.Ap âL$pf_u ip¡^ A¡hu kgpl âv$p_ L$f¡ R>¡ L$¡, `©Õhu_u k`pV$u\u ApV$g¡ JX$¡ `pZu_¡ àg¡V$

V$¡L$V$p¡r_L$k Üpfp blpf L$pY$u iL$pe R>¡. S>¡ JX$p d¡„V$gdp„ dmu Aphsu QË$p_p¡_¡ Ap„riL$ ê$`¡ uNmphu v$¡ R>¡. ip¡^L$sp®Ap¡_p rhïg¡jZ

âdpZ¡ Å¡ V²$p„rS>i_ Tp¡_dp„ qõ\s fp¸L$_p A¡L$ V$L$p S>¡V$gy `Z `pZu li¡ sp¡ s¡ Ap`Zp kdyÖdp„ fl¡gp pZu L$fsp Apif¡ ÓZ NÏ h^y li¡.

- gp„bp kde\u h¥opr_L$p¡ A¡hu k„cph_pAp¡ ^fphsp lsp L$¡ `©Õhu_u d¢V$g_p QË$p_p¡_p `X$dp„ `pZu akpe¡gy R>¡. A_¡ s¡ 400 qL$gp¡duV$f\u gB_¡ 660 qL$gp¡duV$f_u JX$pBA¡ gp¡Af d¢V$g A_¡ A`f d¡„V$gdp„ hÃQ¡ Aph¡gy R>¡.

kp¡aV$b¢L$ L$p¡`®_p ku.B.Ap¡. dpepep¡iu k_ Üpfp cph_pAp¡ A_¡ k„hpv$_¡ kdÆ iL$hp knd vy$r_ep_p â\d dp_hue fp¡bp¡V$ u`f_y„ Å`p_ Mps¡ dp¡bpBg ap¡_ L„$`_u kp¡aV$b¢L$ L$p¡`® S|>__p fp¡S> A_phfZ L$ey® lsy. Ap fp¡bp¡V$ a¡b°yApfu f01` \u Å`p_ Mps¡ kpdpÞe gp¡L$p¡ dpV$¡ D`gå^ li¡. S>¡_u qL„$ds 1900 X$p¸gf fpMhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

®® dp_hue fp¡bp¡V$ ù`f A¡L$ cph_p A¡qÞS>_\u kˆ$ R>¡. S>¡ Ql¡fp_u

ArcìeqL$s, ifuf_u cpjp A_¡ AhpT_p V$p¡_ f\u cph_pAp¡_¡ Ap¡mMu iL$¡ R>¡.

® kp¸aV$b¢L$¡ ä¢Q fp¡bp¡V$ r_dp®sp A¡ëX$fbf_ fp¡bp¡qV$L$ A¡k.A¡.A¡k. kp\¡ lp\ d¡mìep bpv$ s¡_¡ qX$TpB_ L$ep£ lsp¡.

® s¡_u g„bpB 1f0 k¡.du. A_¡ hS>_ 28 qL$gp¡N°pd R>¡.® ù`f k¢kf g¡k R>¡. s¡_p lp\dp„ õì® k¡Þkf Z gpN¡gp R>¡.® s¡ dp_h kp\¡ hpspQus L$fu_¡ iuMu iL$¡ R>¡, A_¡ A_|chp¡ BÞV$f_¡V$

`f A`gp¡X$ L$fu iL$¡ R>¡. s¡dS> L$gpDX$ X$¡V$pb¡T_p dpÂed\u AÞe ù`f kp\¡ g¡Zv$¡Z L$fu iL$¡ R>¡.

cph_pAp¡_¡ kdÆ iL$hp knd dp_hue fp¡bp¡V$ "ù`f'

dp_hue fp¡bp¡V$ ù`f rhjeL$ :

_¡i_g A¡fp¡_p¸qV$L$k A¡ÞX$ õ`¡k A¡X$rdr_õV²$¡i_ (_pkp)_p A¡X$hp„õX$ V$¡¼¹_p¡gp¸Æ gpS®> A`Q®f

õ`¡k V$¡guõL$p¡`, A¡V$gpõV$ (ATLAST)_y„ r_dp®Z L$fhp_u ep¡S>_p_„y A_phfZ g„X$__u fp¡eg A¡õV²$p¡_p¸rdL$g kp¡kpeV$u Üpfp f4 S|>_¡ \ey lsy.

`p¡V$¹®kdpD\ Mps¡ A_phfZ \e¡gy Ap v|$fbu_ bÞep bpv$ vy$r_ep_y„ kp¥\u irL$sipmu A_¡ kp¥\u dp¡Vy$ vy$fbu_ li¡. S>¡ AÞe N°lp¡_p hpsphfZ_y„ rhïg¡jZ L$fhp A_¡ A¡rge__p Æh_ AqõsÐh_¡ V²$¡L$ L$fhp dpV$¡ knd li¡. v|$fbu_ 30 âL$pihj®_p A„sf¡ fl¡gu âÅrsAp¡_¡ V²$¡L$ L$fu iL$i¡.

v|$fbu_ s¥epf \sp s¡_p dp¡V$p ApL$pf_¡ L$pfZ¡ A„sqfndp„ õ\pr`s L$fhp _pkp Ap¡qfe_ fp¸L$¡V$_p dpÂed\u A„sfun epÓuAp¡_p A¡L$ kd|l_¡ A„sqfndp„ dp¡L$gi¡.

v|$fbu_ L$pe®fs \hp kp\¡ 60 \u h^y _hp N°lp¡ rhj¡ MNp¡mip÷uAp¡_¡ dv$v$ dmi¡. v|$fbu_ A„sqfndp„ D`qõ\s Ap¸LkuS>_ A_¡ AÞe N¡kp¡_p A_y`ps_y„ AÂee_ L$fi¡ S>¡ AÞe N°lp¡ `f Æh__u k„cph_pAp¡_u sgpi L$fhp dv$v$ê$` b_i¡.

- v|$fbu_ 10 gpM dpBg_p A„sf¡ õ\pr`s L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡.- v|$fbu_ s¥epf \hp_u k„cph_p hj® f030 kyû_u R>¡.- v|$fbu__u A„v$f f(bph_) ayV$ S>¡V$gp¡ ìepk fphsp¡ v$`®Z gpN¡gp¡ R>¡ S>¡ vy$r_epdp„ L$p¡B dp_hu Üpfp b_phpe¡gp¡ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ v$`®Z li¡.- A¡V$gpõV$ v|$fbu_ AÐepf_p 44 a|V$ lbg õ`¡k V$¡guõL$p¡`_u syg_pA¡ Apif¡ Qpf NÏ dp¡Vy$ li¡.

A¡rge__p Æh__¡ V²$¡L$ L$fsy vy$r_ep_y„ kp¥\u iqL$sipmu v|$fbu_ "A¡V$gpõV$'

v|$fbu__u kyrh^pAp¡ :

lh¡ L$fÞV$ Aa¡k® cpfscfdp„ kp¥\u Ap¡R>u qL$dsdp„

1 A„L$_u qL$ds - 20 Rs.hprj®L$ 12 A„L$_u qL$ds -240

ghpS>d cfhp k„`L®$-M-

dpÓ 240 Rs. dp„ hj®cf d¡mhp¡

L$ç`¡V$uV$uh BqÞX$ep

L$ç`¡V$uV$uh BqÞX$ep lh¡ dpÓ 20 Rs. dp„

ghpS>d\u b„^php¡ sp¡ dpÓ 18 Rs. dp„

L$ç`¡V$uV$uh BqÞX$ep lh¡ dpÓ 20 Rs. dp„

30 % qX$õL$pDÞV$\u

A¡X$uV$fL$dg¡i A¡_. Qp¥lpZ

qX$TpB_-V$pB`-k¡V$]Nep¡NufpS>tkl Np¡rlg

rgNg A¡X$hpBTf_urs_ Qp¥lpZ(A¡X$hp¡L$¡V$ NyS>fps lpBL$p¡V®$)

dyÖL$-âL$piL$-dprgL$L$dg¡i A¡_. Qp¥lpZ

âL$pi_ õ\m:Np¡`_p\ fp¡X$, smpÅ-364 140Æ‰p¡:cph_Nf (NyS>fps)ap¡_: 94088f7007

dyÖZ õ\p_:îu cNhsu râÞV$k®,f03, fp¡eg L$p¸çàg¡n, lpBL$p¡V®$ fp¡X$,cph_Nf.

:g¡ML$:L$dg¡i A¡_. Qp¡lpZ

rhð_y„ â\d A¢X²$p¡eX$ kdpQpf-hpQL$_y„ Å`p_dp„ A_phfZ \ey

Å`p__p V$p¡L$ep¡ Mps¡ f4 S|>__p fp¡S> _¡i_g çe|Tued Ap¸a Ad¡qT„N kpeÞk A¡ÞX$ B_p¡h¡i_dp„ "A¡„X²$p¡eX$ : ìlp¡V$ BT le|d_' _pd_u âv$i®_udp„ rhð_p â\d A¢X²$p¡eX$ kdQpf-hpQL$_y„ A_phfZ L$fhpdp„ Apìey lsy.

v$p¡ A¢X²$p¡eX$ L$p¡dp¡dp¡fpBX$ (L$p¡v$p¡dp¡_p¡ A\® bpmL$) A_¡ Ap¡V$_pfp¡BX$ (Ap¡V$_p S>¡_p¡ A\® heõL$) ¾$di: A¡L$ eyhsu A_¡ A¡L$ Ap¥fs_y„ ê$` pfZ L$f¡ R>¡. S>¡ b¡ A¢X²$p¡BX$ d_yóep¡ kp\¡ hpsQus L$fu iL$¡ R>¡, kdpQpf hpQu iL$¡ R>¡. s¡dS> L$¡V$gpL$ AgN AgN AhpTdp„

V$¹huV$k hpQu iL$¡ R>¡. Å¡ L$¡ s¡_u rkrgL$p¡_ ÐhQp A_¡ Ql¡fp_p kurds lphcph L„$BL$ ATb v$¡Mpe R>¡.

âp¸.rlfp¡iu BriNyfp¡ Ap¡kpL$p e|r_hrk®V$u_u N°¡S>eyA¡V$ õL|$g Ap¸a A¡qÞS>r_eqf„N kpeÞk_p HV$¡rgS>¢V$ fp¡bp¡qV$L$k âep¡Nipmp_p r_v$£iL$ R>¡. s¡dZ¡ `p¡sp_u `qfep¡S>_p : A¡„X²$p¡eX$ kdpQpf-hpQL$_u Å¡X$u_y„ A_phfZ L$ey® R>¡.s¡Ap¡ `pR>gp f0 hj®\u fp¡bp¡V$ rhL$qks L$fu füp R>¡ A_¡ A¡hu Apip fpMhpdp„ Aphu flu R>¡, L$¡ s¡d_u Ap ip¡^ Aq^L$ byqÂ^dp_ fp¡bp¡V$ rhL$rks L$fhpdp„ dv$v$ L$fi¡.

âp¸.rlfp¡iu BriNyfp¡

A_yk„^p_ `p_p _„.ff D`f

august ank

Career