austin journal of clinical cardiology
TRANSCRIPT
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congenital HEART
DISEASE
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CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
A Congenital Heart Disease(CHD), also known as a congenital heart anomaly or congenital heart defect, is a problem in the structure of the heart that is present at birth. Congenital heart disease is one of the most common types of birth defects, affecting up to 9 in every 1,000 babies born.
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CLASSIFICATIONAccording to arterial oxygen saturation congenital heart diseases are classified into two main categories:
Acyanotic CHD- Normal arterial oxygen saturationCyanotic CHD- Reduced arterial oxygen saturated
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VARIOUS ACYANOTIC CHD
Ventricular septal defect(VSD)Atrial septal defect(ASD)Patent ductus arteriosus()PSDCoarctation of aortaPulmonary stenosis
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VARIOUS CYANOTIC CHD
Tetrology of fallotTransposition of great arteriesTricuspid atresiaTruncus arteriosusTotal anomalies pulmonary venous drainageHypoplastic left or right heart
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FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO CHD85 to 90% of cases, there is no identifiable
cause for the heart defect. Generally considered to be caused by the multifactorial inheritance.
Factors are usually both genetic and environmental, where a combination of genes from both parents.
Maternal factors.
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SYMPTOMSPoor feedingLow birth weightDizzinessExcessive sweatingSwelling in the hands,Ankles or feet
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TREATMENTThis is depend on the type of the C.H.D.No treatment (observation and reassurance)Surgical treatment (palliative or curative).Cardiac transplant or lung heart transplantMedical treatment (antifailure, antiarythmaic etc.,)Artificial heart valves
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Chest X-Ray EchocardiographyCardiac catheterizationEchocardiographySystolic pulmonary flow murmur
DIAGNOSIS
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Avoid pregnancy above age of 38 year.Avoid smoking.Avoid alcohol.Avoid exposure to radiation.Avoid drugs intake before medical consultation.Vaccination of all childbearing women for rubella.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
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THANK YOU