authentic success - fuss4schools€¦ · mindset: the new psychology of success (ballantine books,...
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Authentic Success
HOW TO SUPPORT OUR CHILDREN REACH THEIR POTENTIAL?
G. Julie Xie, Ph.D. May 13, 2017
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Agenda • What is Authentic Success for education?
• Factors behind Authentic Success
• How to help our children cultivate those factors?
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What is Success?
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What is SUCCESS?
- Sample Hopkins Students’ Top 2 Opinions
- Accomplish your goals 34% - Be happy or satisfied with yourself 21%
Top 2 Reported Parents’ Opinions - Earn good grades, A’s preferred 26% - Get a job with strong earning potential 20%
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How Narrow Definitions of Success Adversely Affect
Our Children?
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62% --- always or almost always work hard in school. 10% --- always or almost always enjoy schoolwork. Source: Galloway, M. K., Conner, J. O., & Pope, D. (2009). Stanford Survey of Adolescent School Experiences.
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59% --- cheated on a test during the last year. 34% --- have done it more than twice. Source: Josephson Institute Center for Youth Ethics. (2010). Josephson Institute of Ethics’ report card on American youth’s values and actions.
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- Teens need 8 to 10 hours of sleep each night. - 80% of teens don’t get the recommended amount of sleep. Source: National Sleep Foundation. (2006).
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- 54% of females
- 32% of males
in Bay Area high schools reported 3 or more symptoms of physical stress in the past month
Source: Galloway, Mollie K., Conner, Jerusha O., and Pope, D. (2009). Stanford Survey of Adolescent School Experiences.
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1,400 IHS students surveyed
54%: moderate to severe symptoms of depression
80%: moderate to severe
symptoms of anxiety
Is the Drive for Success Making Our Kids Sick?
01/2016 New York Times
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- 73% of students listed academic stress as their number one reason for using drugs
- Only 7 % of parents believe teens might use
drugs to deal with stress.
Source: Partnership for a Drug-Free America (2008)
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1 in 5 students at Cornell and Princeton report purposely injuring themselves by cutting, burning,
or other methods.
Source: Whitlock, J., Eckenrode, J., & Silverman, D. (2006). Self-injurious behaviors in a college population. Pediatrics, 117, 1939-1948.
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1 in 6: seriously considered suicide 1 in 13: attempted suicide 1 in 38: attempt required medical attention
2013 Study by the CDC on students in Grades 9 through 12 https://www.afsp.org/understanding-suicide/facts-and-figures
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Suicides at Harvard
- 18.18 per 100,000 counting enrolled undergraduates - 24.24 per 100,000 when those taking a leave of absence are included
(Average for college students: 6.18/100,000)
-- Harvard Crimson
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Graduation Rate www.collegecompletion.chronicle.com
University 4 Years 6 Years
UC Berkeley 68.9% 91.1%
UCLA 68.0% 89.8%
UC Davis 51.2% 82.3%
UC San Diego 56.8% 86.1%
Uni. Of Chicago 86.5% 92.9%
Stanford 78.4% 94.7%
UPenn 88.6% 95.5%
Harvard 87.1% 97.4%
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What Leads to Success?
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Is it IQ?
Genetic Studies of Genius
(Terman Study of
the Gifted)
The longest longitudinal study started at Stanford in 1921 1528 children with IQ over 130 As adults, majority participants pursued common occupations “as humble as typist and filing clerk” “At any rate, intellect and achievement are far from perfectly correlated.”
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Is it GPA?
14-year longitudinal
study on 81
Valedictorians in Illinois
46 female,35 male Average GPA in colleges 3.6 Most work in conventional careers as accountants, physicians, lawyers, engineers, nurses and teachers. “Never been devoted to a single area in which they put all their passion”
Lives of Promise: What Becomes of High School Valedictorians: A Fourteen-year Study of Achievement and Life Choices (Jossey Bass Social and Behavioral Science Series, 1995)
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Is it a prestigious
college?
Colleges of the last 25 American Nobel Laureates
in Chemistry
City College of New York Berea College
Stanford Augsburg College
Univ. of Dayton, Ohio University of MA
Rollins College, Florida Washington State Uni.
MIT University of Florida
Grinnell College UC Riverside
McGill University Hope College
GIT Ohio Wesleyan Uni.
Rice University Brigham Young Uni.
University of Nebraska Dartmouth College
Harvard University
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What are other factors
correlating stronger
with success?
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6th Grade - Actively engages and contributes to learning - Approaches challenges using a variety of
strategies - Demonstrates effort in academic work - Prepares and uses effective time management and
organizational skills to produce quality work - Shows perseverance and initiate - Returns completed assignments on time - Works independently
Habit for Success
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Soft Factors of Success in Education: -- from school administrators
- Good study skills
- Confidence
- Critical thinking skills
- Social and communication skills
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What’s valued at workplace?
• Work ethic
• Teamwork and collaboration skills • Oral and written communication skills
• Critical thinking and problem-solving skills
(Department of Labor, 2007)
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Relationship
The Grant Study Harvard Medical School
76-year
longitudinal study
268 Harvard college
sophomores from the classes of 1939–1944
Warm childhood relationship with mothers earned an average of $87,000 more a year.
Warm childhood relationship with fathers correlated with increased “life satisfaction” at age 75.
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College Admission:
The finish line of grade school education
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What is Harvard Asking for? -- Do you have a direction yet? What motivates you? -- Do you have initiative? Are you a self-starter? -- Where will you be in 1 year? 5 years? 25 years? -- Will you contribute something, somewhere, somehow? -- What sort of human being are you now? -- What sort of human being will you be in the future? https://college.harvard.edu/admissions/application-process/what-we-look
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What is Princeton Looking For?
-- Intellectual curiosity
-- Who makes a difference in school/community
-- Tell us your job or responsibility at home
-- What do you care about?
-- What commitments have you made?
-- What have you done to act on commitments? http://www.princeton.edu/admission/applyingforadmission/requirements/
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What is MIT Asking For in Recommendations? -- What motivates or excites him/her? -- How did he/she react to disappointment and failure? -- A willingness to take intellectual risks and go beyond the normal classroom experience?
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Common App: essay prompts
• Recount an incident or time when you experienced failure. How did it affect you, and what lessons did you learn?
• Reflect on a time when you challenged a belief or idea.
• An accomplishment or event, formal or informal, that marked your transition from childhood to adulthood.
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Why do they ask those
questions?
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Self-Discipline:
Twice as accurate as IQ in predicting students’ GPA
(Martin Seligman & Angela Duckworth, 2005)
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Grit: What makes people successful
A combination of perseverance and passion
that leads to relentless pursuit of goals.
Angela L. Duckworth (2004, 2005, 2011)
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How Children Succeed: Grit, Curiosity, and the Hidden Power of Character
Grit Self-control
Zest Social Intelligence
Gratitude Optimism Curiosity
(Paul Tough, 2013)
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8 win-factors distinct to successful people:
Self-awareness Motivation
Focus Emotional Balance
Memory Resilience
Adaptability Brain Care
The Winner's Brain: 8 Strategies Great Minds Use to Achieve Success (Da Capo Press, 2010).
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Character: “A set of abilities or strengths that you can learn and
practice, cultivating those representing a reliable path to a
happy and fulfilling life.”
- Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification. (2004)
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How could we help our children
cultivate those factors?
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1. To Understand
Our Children
Linguistic intelligence
Logical-mathematical
Musical intelligence
Bodily-kinesthetic
Spatial intelligence
Interpersonal intelligence
Intrapersonal intelligence
Naturalist intelligence Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Howard Gardner, Ph.D. (1983)
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“If you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid.” ― Albert Einstein
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Raising children .. was far more than just fixing what was wrong with them. It was
about identifying and amplifying their strengths and virtues, and helping them find the niche where they can live these positive
traits to the fullest.
-- Martin E. P. Seligman, Ph.D., UPenn
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http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/the-teen-brain-still-under-construction/index.shtml
Understand Brain Development
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Understand
Stage of Development
13-19
Identity vs.
Role Confusion
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Self-Actualization
Esteem ------------------------
Belonging and Love
Safety ------------------------------------
Physiological Needs
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (1954)
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2. Family support and cohesion, especially good communication --Build Positive Memories
- How they look at themselves?
- How they interpret the happenings around them?
- How they interact with
others?
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How are Dolphins trained?
--
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Emotional Regulation
-- ABC (Adversity-Belief-
Consequence)
-- Resilience: Learn from failures
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3. Encourage Healthy Living Habit - 8 to 10 hours of sleep each night to function best.
- Regular Exercise
Releases endorphins
Reduce stress
Boost self-esteem
Improve sleep
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4. Peer support, close social network, School and community connectedness
How could schools help? Climate of care Project and problem based learning Meaningful assignments Authentic assessment Honor engagement and integrity in learning
(www.challengesuccess.org)
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Students are more motivated:
when the task has interest or value to them;
when they feel competent enough to complete the task at hand;
when they see a direct link between their actions and an outcome;
when completing the task brings social rewards
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Build responsibility at home and
in the community
Maintain down time and family
time.
Ease performance pressure &
debunk college myths
Challenge Success Stanford University (2009)
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2 Rules of Parenting Advice: -- Carol Dweck, Ph.D., Stanford University
- Pay attention to what your children are fascinated by
- Praise them for their effort
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The best gift parents can give to children
- to teach children to love challenges, be intrigued by mistakes, enjoy effort, and keep
on learning.
-- by Carol Dweck, Ph.D., Stanford University
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CHILDREN LEARN WHAT THEY LIVE
If children live with criticism, they learn to condemn
If children live with shame, they learn to feel guilty
If children live with encouragement, they learn confidence
If children live with tolerance, they learn patience
If children live with praise, they learn appreciation
If children live with acceptance, they learn to love
If children live with kindness and consideration, they learn respect
If children live with security, they learn to have faith in themselves
©1998 by Dorothy Law Nolte and Rachel Harris
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Reference Mindset: The New Psychology of Success (Ballantine Books, 2006) How to Raise an Adult: Break Free of the Overparenting Trap and Prepare Your Kid for Success (Henry Holt and Co., 2015) Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. (Bantam Books: NY, 1995) The Talent Code: Greatness Isn't Born. It's Grown. Here's How. (Bantam Books: NY, 2009) How Children Succeed: Grit, Curiosity, and the Hidden Power of Character (Mariner Books, 2013)
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