autism spectrum disorders - kids...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Autism Spectrum DisordersScience, Strategies, Success
Brenda Alred, M.S., CCC-SLP
Kimberly Norris, M.Ed.
![Page 2: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Outline for Today
• Autism – The Science
– What is autism?
– What do the criteria mean for development and learning?
• Strategies for Success
– Visual Strategies
– Social Narratives
– Behavioral Interventions
– Pivotal Response Training
![Page 3: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Developmental Domains
Social Receptive Language
Expressive Language
Fine Motor
Gross Motor
Adaptive Cognitive
![Page 4: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Developmental Milestones:Integration
Example:
Asymmetrical Tonic Neck
Reflex
~2 months of age
Disappears by 4 months
Why?
![Page 5: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Example
• 3 year old(typical development)
– Basic concept of time
– Separates easily from parents
– May give up comfort objects
– Independently perform daily tasks
Upset by changes in routine
![Page 6: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Autism
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=Lr4_dOorquQ
![Page 7: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Neurodevelopmental Disorder
Neuro Developmental Disorder
![Page 8: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Neurodevelopmental DisorderA. Social Communication Deficits
1. Social-emotional reciprocity
2. Non-verbal communication
3. Relationships
B. Repetitive, Restricted Behavior & Interests
1. Repetitive movements or speech
2. Rigidity / Inflexibilty
3. Restricted interests
4. Sensory processing differences
![Page 9: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Social Communication
All communication is social…
but some is more social than others
•What is communication?
•How do we communicate?
– Verbally
– Non-verbally
![Page 10: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Social Communication &Functional Language
• How many words does the child have?
• Can the child– Label things?
– Request items?
– Ask questions?
– Comment?
– Go back and forth in conversation?
– Navigate conflicts verbally?
![Page 11: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Social Communication & Non-Verbal Compensation
• Intentional, Purposeful– Specific Gestures
• Single finger point
• “integrated”
– Facial Expressions
– Eye contact• Gaze tracking
– Communication systems• PECS, signing, talkers
• Written language!
![Page 12: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Developmental Domains
Social
Receptive Language
Expressive Language
Fine Motor
Gross Motor
AdaptiveCognitive
![Page 13: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Intelligence
• “Smart”– Cognitive Development
– Problem solving or thinking skills
• Street smart– Functional intelligence
– Adaptive Skillsctional skills
• Showing your smarts– IQ tests
– Developmental assessments
Cognitive
![Page 14: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Cognition & ASD
Let’s do an IQ test:
Question 1: Words, words, words, words… - how does a person with weak verbal skills process all those WORDS?
![Page 15: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Example: Visual vs. Verbal
• Visual skills
• Visual intelligence…
• Verbal skills
• Verbal intelligence…
![Page 16: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Thinking in Pictures
• Intelligence
– Visual-spatial
– Verbal
![Page 17: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
ASD & “Scatter Skills”
• Hyperlexia: Sounding out words vs. reading comprehension
• Visual vs. Verbal intelligence
• Long-term vs. short-term memory
![Page 18: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Developmental Delay
IS
NOT
Developmental
Arrest
![Page 19: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Visual Strategies
![Page 20: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
What are Visual Supports?
• Photographs
• Drawings
• Objects
• Written Words
• Schedules - Lists
![Page 21: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Common Visual Supports
![Page 22: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
• Maps
• Charts
• Calendars
• Watches
• To-do lists
• Organizational Apps
• Body language
• Road signs
Adults Use Visual Supports All the Time!
![Page 23: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Why Do Children with ASD need Visual Supports?
• Decreases anxiety
• Decreases meltdowns due to anxiety/fear
• Increases compliance
• Increases ability to follow directions
• Increases self reliance/independence
• Increases communication
![Page 24: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Why Visual Strategies for Children with ASD?
• Visual processors- The visual support utilizes the part of the brain
that is more developed in children with ASD.
• Slow language processors- (may take 30 – 60 seconds to
process auditory stimuli)
• Anxious- Decrease anxiety because they don’t have to stress about
trying to figure out what is being asked of them
• Decreases Meltdowns -Decreases episodes of child acting out
due to frustration
![Page 25: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Simple Drawings
![Page 26: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Single Pictures
http://csefel.vanderbilt.edu/resources/modules-archive.html
Module 3b (Archive) video clips
Video Name: “New Skill: Transition to Breakfast”
![Page 27: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Stop
![Page 28: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
No / Wait / Not Now
![Page 29: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 30: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 31: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 32: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 33: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
First and Then
ThenFirst
![Page 34: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
First and Then
First Then
• Start teaching using 2 preferred items
![Page 35: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
First and Then
First Then
![Page 36: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Follow Directions
First Then
![Page 37: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 38: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Timers are your Friend
• Transitioning
• Staying on Task
• Tolerating Unpreferred Activities
• Promoting Independence
• Excert from Brenda Kosky Deskin, editor of AutismBeacon.com
![Page 39: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Timers
![Page 40: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Visuals in Circle Time
• USE THEM!
• Plan in advance- have pictures of items from story/book/song
• Have a notebook or folder for circle time
![Page 41: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Circle Time – Visual Support Book
![Page 42: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 43: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Taking Pictures
Incorrect Correct
![Page 44: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Making Pictures 101
• Search google – copy and paste into template
• Use “insert” function – online pictures Word
• Pintrest
• Boardmaker
• Mrs Riley
• Templates- use label function Word
![Page 45: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 46: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 47: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 48: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 49: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Finished
![Page 50: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Relationships
• Early learning is nearly always SOCIAL
![Page 51: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
• Affective Reciprocity – I smile you smile
– Early infancy
• Joint Attention– Look, Mom! A plane!
– 9-18 months
• Intuitive Psychology – Walk in your shoes
– 4-5 years and up
Social Development
![Page 52: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Pivotal Skills in Social Development
• Joint attention
• Imitation
• Reciprocal engagement
![Page 53: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Joint Attention
• First year of life
• Coordinate attention
• 2 categories: Responding and Initiating
![Page 54: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Joint attention – CDC autism video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Q2CzTJh7nI
![Page 55: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Imitation
• Parents/teachers
• Peers (social learning)
![Page 56: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Reciprocal Engagement
• Paying attention to PEOPLE vs. things
• “Back and forth”
• For long enough to
– learn something
– enjoy something
– share something
![Page 57: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
• Affective Reciprocity – I smile you smile
– Early infancy
• Joint Attention– Look, Mom! A plane!
– 9-18 months
• Theory of Mind – You’re not me
– 18-30 months
• Intuitive Psychology – Walk in your shoes
– 4-5 years and up
Social Development
![Page 58: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Before Theory of Mind has formed
Source: http://www.hanen.org/Helpful-Info/Articles/Tuning-In-to-Others-How-Young-Children-Develop.aspx
![Page 59: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Me, Myself & I(Me, My Mom & My ice-cream)
![Page 60: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
1. As social as his IQ would predict
2. As social as he needs to be in his world, right now
What do we mean by “deficit”?
“Just how social do you need him to be?”
![Page 61: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Social Deficit?
Soci
al
Lan
guag
eCo
gnit
ive
(IQ
)
![Page 62: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Social Deficit?
Soci
al
Lan
guag
e
Co
gnit
ive
(IQ
)
![Page 63: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Social Deficit?
Soci
al
Lan
guag
e
Co
gnit
ive
(IQ
)
![Page 64: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Social Deficit?
• 5 year old boy
• Only talks about trains
• Poor eye contact
• Poor understanding of other’s feelings
• Expectation of perfection in self & others
• Low tolerance for changes in routine
• Can’t stand to be touched
• Sometimes aggressive when frustrated
![Page 65: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Social Narratives
![Page 66: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Volunteering at NAEYC Conference Social Narrative
![Page 67: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 68: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Some people think this is exciting!Others might get nervous.
![Page 69: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 70: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 71: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 72: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
The activity is all finished.
![Page 73: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 74: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
What is a social narrative?
• “learning tool that supports the safe and meaningful exchange of information between parents, professionals, and people with autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray
• Brief, simple story that is created to show your child what to expect, and what is expected of him, during a specific activity.
• Social Narratives present appropriate social behaviors in the form of a story.
![Page 75: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Social Narratives can be used to:
• Teach social skills - such as how to take turns.
• Reinforce routines - such as washing hands.
• Prepare for new experiences- such as holidays, community week, young athletes day, fire drills, or the first day of school.
• Address a challenging behavior - such as hitting or biting.
![Page 76: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Why do we want to use Social Narratives?
• Evidenced based.
• Decreases anxiety. They know what to expect.
• Often our kids have language delays and they may not understand what you are saying.
• Auditory processing may be delayed.
![Page 77: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Carol Gray
Social Stories TM
vs.
social stories
(or social narratives)
![Page 78: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Let’s read a few social narratives.
![Page 79: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 80: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 81: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 82: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 83: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 84: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 85: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 86: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
You could end the story here. Or….
What kind of affirmative sentences could
you add at the end?
Think about it and we can come back to
this story.
![Page 87: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
How do I write a social narrative?
Identify the need for the story.
![Page 88: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Developing the story with basic sentences
There are 4 basic sentence types:
• Descriptive
• Perspective
• Directive
• Affirmative
![Page 89: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Descriptive Sentences
• The only required type of sentence in a social narrative and the most frequently used.
• Descriptive sentences form the backbone to a social narrative.
• They often answer important “wh” questions that guide the story development.
![Page 90: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Examples Descriptive Sentences
• My name is _________.
• Sometimes, my grandmother reads to me.
• Many children play on the playground during outdoor recess.
![Page 91: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Perspective Sentences
• Perspective sentences are statements that refer to, or describe, a person’s internal state, their knowledge/thoughts, feelings, beliefs, opinions, motivation, or physical condition/health.
• These rarely describe the person with ASD.
• They frequently describe the internal status of OTHER people.
![Page 92: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Example Perspective Sentences
1)My teacher knows about math.
2)My sister usually likes to play the piano.
3)Some children believe Unicorns are real.
4)Many children like peanut butter and jelly sandwiches for lunch.
![Page 93: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Directive Sentences
• These sentences identify a suggested response.
• Authors must carefully develop these sentences, paying special attention to the possibility of literal interpretation.
![Page 94: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Examples Directive Sentences
• I will try to stay in my chair.
• I may ask Mom or Dad for a hug.
• On the playground, I may decide to play on the swings, or on the monkey bars.
![Page 95: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Affirmative Sentences
• Usually affirmative sentences immediately follow a descriptive, perspective or directive sentence.
![Page 96: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Examples of Affirmative Sentences(in red)
1)Most people eat dinner before dessert. This is a good idea.
2)I will try to keep my seat belt fastened. This is very important.
3)One child slides down the water slide at a time. This is a safe thing to do.
4)The toilet makes a sound when it flushes. This is okay.
![Page 97: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Ratio rule of thumb1:2-5
1 directive sentence
plus
2- 5 supporting sentences(descriptive, perspective and/or affirmative).
![Page 98: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
.
In other words…
you don’t want a social narrative looking like a rule
book from a sergeant.
It should be a story and describe what’s going on
![Page 99: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
I will go to the sink.
I will turn on the water.
I will put soap on my hands.
I will turn off the water.
I will dry my hands.
All directive sentences.
![Page 100: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
It’s good to keep my hands clean, especially before I eat.
Keeping my hands clean will help me stay healthy.
I wash my hands at the sink. I turn the facet on for the water to
come on.
The soap is usually right beside the sink. I will use soap on my
hands and rub my hands together.
Next, I rinse off the soap under the water and then turn off the water.
My hands are wet, so I will need to dry them with a paper towel. I
am all finished now. I did it!
![Page 101: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 102: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Use first person point of view in the story.
![Page 103: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Use
pictures.
![Page 104: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Watch out for pictures that are too busy and cluttered.
![Page 105: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 106: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 107: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 108: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Neurodevelopmental DisorderA. Social Communication Deficits
1. Social-emotional reciprocity
2. Non-verbal communication
3. Relationships
B. Repetitive, Restricted Behavior & Interests
1. Repetitive movements or speech
2. Rigidity / Inflexibilty
3. Restricted interests
4. Sensory processing differences
![Page 109: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Repetitive Movements or Speech
![Page 110: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Rigidity / Inflexibility
• Sameness
• Routines
• Ritualized behavior
![Page 111: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Restricted Interests or Activities
![Page 112: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Sensory Processing Differences
• Hypersensitive
• Hyposensitive
• Unusual interest in sensory input
![Page 113: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Arousal States
7:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 1:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m.
![Page 114: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
7:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 1:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m.
Arousal States
![Page 115: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Observing Arousal State
![Page 116: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Outline for Today
• Autism – The Science
– What is autism?
– What do the criteria mean for development and learning?
• Strategies for Success
– Pivotal Response Training
– Visual Strategies
– Social Narratives
– Antecedent Based Intervention
![Page 117: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Behavior “Maps” onto Development
• Behavior is the observable evidence of a person’s skill set
Behavior
Skills
![Page 118: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Behavior & Development
• The “Hot Spots”
![Page 119: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Transitions
• Object permanence
• Sense of Time
• Sensory processing
• Attention span
• Self-regulation
![Page 120: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Compliance
• Receptive Language
• Joint attention
• Short term memory
• Cause-effect
![Page 121: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Classroom Participation
• Receptive Language
• Joint attention
• Short-term memory
• Cause-effect
• Reciprocal engagement with peers
• Sensory processing
• Sense of time
![Page 122: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Self-Regulation
• Control over
– Emotions
– Thoughts
– Behavior
![Page 123: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Behavioral Interventions
![Page 124: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Skills and Behavior
What’s more important:
What you know?
What you do?
Can you USE the skills?
Are they FUNCTIONAL?
Behavior
Skills
![Page 125: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Teaching Behavior
• Break skills into small, observable, behaviors (functional skills)
• Teaching behavior = changing behavior
• How do we change behavior?
![Page 126: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Ante = beforeContext / SettingTrigger / Prompt
Antecedent
The ABCs of Behavior Change
Defined specificallyDescribed accurately
What happens next?How is it “working” for the kid?How well does it “work”?
Behavior
Consequence
![Page 127: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
What is Behavior?
• Anything (& everything) that we do
– Hitting
– Raising your hand for help
– Washing hands independently
– Pointing to colors when asked
– Blending sounds correctly
– Making eye contact
– Standing on one foot for 5 seconds
![Page 128: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Antecedent Behavior Consequence
JOHNNY
ABCs of Behavior
![Page 129: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
What to Teach
SKILLS = BEHAVIOR
- Functional
- Discrete
![Page 130: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Functional
• What does it mean if a goal is functional?
• Def: “designed to have a practical use”
• Practical Meaningful, helpful, appropriate
• Use Active (“doing” not “knowing”)
![Page 131: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Example:
Functional Communication Goals
Does the child….Label things?
Request things?
Ask for help? (Request information or assistance?)
Ask questions? (Who? What? When? Where?)
Comment on things?
Greet people appropriately?
Maintain reciprocal conversation?
![Page 132: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
What to Teach: Functional Goals
Ex: “stand on one foot”
Functional?• Active?
– Yes!
• Meaningful?– Maybe not by itself
– Maybe as art of a larger, more meaningful goal
![Page 133: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
What to Teach: Functional Goals
Goal: Put on pants independently
Objectives:- Identify “front” & “back” of pants
- Hold pants ”open” in front of waist
- Stand on one leg
- Put one leg then the other into the pants
- Pull pants up
Overarching
Functional
(Meaningful,
Active) Goal
Discrete
(small)
steps
towards
that goal
![Page 134: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
What to Teach: Functional Goals
Ex: “Know Colors”
Functional?• Meaningful?
– Requesting, commenting, drawing attention to things
– Basis of play/interactions with adults & peers
• Active? – How do I know a child “knows” colors?
– Phrased as an active, observable behavior?
How could we re-write it? “Identify Colors”
![Page 135: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
What to Teach: Functional, Discrete Goals & Objectives
Example: Identify Colors
Behavior Identifies the color red
Developmental Skills Social (Joint attention)
Receptive language (“where’s red?”)
Fine motor (point)
Cognitive (colors)
“identify”
“red”
![Page 136: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Group Activity
Rewrite this objective to be discrete and functional:
“Johnny will know his colors.”
“Johnny will identify a red crayon.”
![Page 137: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Where’s Red?
![Page 138: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Where’s Red?
![Page 139: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
What do I count?
• When presented with 3 crayons spread on the table, when Ms. Kimberly says “where’s red?”, Johnny will identify the red crayon.
![Page 140: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
If you can count it, you can teach it.
• When presented with 3 crayons spread on the table, when Ms. Kimberly says “where’s red?”, Johnny will identify the red crayon by picking it up, touching or pointing to it.
![Page 141: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Pop Quiz
What do we teach Johnny next?
A. Whatever skill “comes next” in our curriculum
B. Whatever the other kids in the class are doing
C. Whatever we know how to teach
D. Whatever he needs most, right now, to be more successful & independent across settings
![Page 142: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Antecedent Behavior Consequence
ABCs of Behavior
Environment
Leading
Prompting
“The Set Up”
When sitting at the
classroom table with 3
crayons spread on the
table, when Ms. Kimberly
says “where’s red?”,
Johnny will pick up or
point to the red crayon.
![Page 143: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Changing Behavior
Control the Environment:Positive Behavior Supports
![Page 144: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Control the Environment
“Environment” ?
- Physical environment
- Emotional environment: Self-Regulation
- Skill set, “toolkit”
![Page 145: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Site Group Activity
• Brainstorm positive behavior supports
– Strategies to prevent unwanted behavior, encourage desired behavior, etc.
• Which category do they fall in?
– Physical Environment
– Emotional/Sensory Regulation
– Skill set
![Page 146: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Positive Behavior Supports
• Strategies to Control the Physical Environment– Access to toys and materials
– Access to teacher materials
– Furniture arrangement
– Visual schedules
– What else?
Own the Room
![Page 147: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Positive Behavior Supports
• Strategies for Emotional/Sensory Regulation
– Sensory Environment• Lights, sounds, visual stimuli
• Calming/soothing vs. activating/engaging
– Anticipation & Anxiety• Routine, “count downs”
• Transition objects, picture schedules
– Emotional Supports• Caregivers’ emotions
• REACH Training, infant mental health
![Page 148: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Positive Behavior Supports
• Strategies to increase Behavior skill sets
– Awareness of child’s skill level
– Awareness of skills required for a behavior
Ex: - Sitting in a chair for 5 seconds, 10 seconds, 30 seconds
- Asking for help
- Functional communication system (PECS, signs, etc.)
- Counting to 10, walking away, deep breaths, etc.
![Page 149: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
A: Environment
When presented with 3 crayons spread on the table, when Ms. Kimberly says “where’s red?”, Johnny will identify the red crayon by picking it up or pointing to it.
![Page 150: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
A: Lead Them To It
When presented with 3 crayons spread on the
table, when Ms. Kimberly says “where’s red?”,
Johnny will identify the red crayon by picking it
up or pointing to it.
![Page 151: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
A: Prompting
• Different kinds of prompts:
– Gestural (pointing to the red one)
– Model (demonstrate action)
– Facial Expression (smiling, etc.)
– Intentional & Unintentional
Making a Plan for Prompts
- How? When? How often?
- “Fading” prompts so they do it on their own
![Page 152: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Antecedent Behavior Consequence
ABCs of Behavior
Environment
Leading
Prompting
“The Set Up”
When sitting at the
classroom table with 3
crayons spread on the
table, when Ms. Kimberly
says “where’s red?”,
Johnny will pick up or
point to the red crayon.
The Result
Make it
worth their
while!
![Page 153: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Reinforcement
What will make them do the behavior again?
Give them “good stuff”
Take away “bad stuff”
![Page 154: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Reinforcement = Motivation
People are sort of complicated…
• Some people don’t like cupcakes.
• Some people really do like doing dishes.
• Some people don’t like cupcakes ENOUGH to make them do the dishes.
Don’t Assume. Observe.
![Page 155: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Reinforcers
• Motivating– From the kids’ point of view
– Changes with the task & over time
• Easily accessible– Immediate
• Not otherwise available– Satiation
• Natural (when possible)– Related to the behavior they just did
![Page 156: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Pivotal Response Training
![Page 157: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Ante = beforeContext / SettingTrigger / Prompt
Antecedent
The ABCs of Behavior Change
Defined specificallyDescribed accurately
What happens next?How is it “working” for the kid?How well does it “work”?
Behavior
Consequence
![Page 158: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Dr. Koegel, founder/developer of PRT was featured on Supernanny!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oYQ0R6pSFGE -`
-
![Page 159: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
What About Mom
• How do you think she felt in the beginning?
• What about after her child spoke?
• You will be like the mom.
• If the mom could do YOU can do it too!
![Page 160: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT)
• Primary purpose to initiate speech
• Evidenced based
• Derived from ABA
• Play based and child initiated
![Page 161: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/161.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
The goals of PRT are to:
• Develop communication and language
• Develop positive social behaviors
• Develop relief from disruptive self-stim behaviors
![Page 162: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/162.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
EVERYWHERE and
ANYWHERE!!
OutsidePlay-
ground
Classroom
Kitchen
Bedtime
Meals
With friends
At the
pool
Family Room
In the Car
Where does PRT happen?
![Page 163: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
First Things First
Because a child with autism most likely has:
• Poor social skills
• Selective / unusual interests
• Poor Communication Skills - Often non-verbal before age 5
• Sensory/ Self-Regulation Issues
You have to figure out what will motivate them to interact with you!
![Page 164: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/164.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Is the key to success!
• What Motivates You?
![Page 165: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/165.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
#1 - Motivation should be child choice!!
![Page 166: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/166.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
How do I identify the motivator?
![Page 167: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/167.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Reinforcers/ Motivators
• This is one of the most powerful tools you can have in your tool kit.
• Simply put- reinforcers are something the child has demonstrated in the past they have a strong interest in.
• Use a checklist of some type for parents to complete, that lists the various objects, toys, games, videos, food, etc.
• Many free ones available under ABA Reinforcer Assessments
![Page 168: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/168.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Reinforcers/Motivators
Should contain a variety of topics such as:
1. Social and Sensory Reinforcers
• Hugs
• Adult attention
• Time with peers
• Being left alone
• Swinging
• Vibrations
• Stim time
• Tickles
![Page 169: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/169.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Reinforcers/Motivators (cont.)
2. Activity Reinforcers
– Music- types
– Toys – list
– Puzzles
– Outside play
– Books / Being read to
– Water play
– Bubbles
– Other
![Page 170: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/170.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Reinforcers/Motivators (cont.)
3. Areas of Interest– Computers – list out programs– Favorite TV shows – Favorite Movies – Favorite Songs– Favorite Color – Cars/trucks – Weather– Trains – Dinosaurs– Numbers– Shapes
![Page 171: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/171.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Reinforcers/Motivators (cont.)
4. Dislikes
– Foods
– Drinks
– Noises
– Activities
– Animals
– Any other fears or dislikes
![Page 172: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/172.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Reinforcers/Motivators (cont.)
5. Preferred tangible items by product/name
– Chips - _________________________
– Cookies - _______________________
– Candy - ________________________
– Cereal - ________________________
– Toy - __________________________
– Snacks - _______________________
– Games - _______________________
– Other - ________________________
![Page 173: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/173.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
#2 - Motivation should be a Natural Reinforcement in the Natural Environment!!!
![Page 174: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/174.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
#3 – Natural vs. Unnatural (Artificial) Reinforcers
Unnatural (Artificial)• Don’t have anything to do with the behavior (sticker,
candy)• May not always be around• Eventually lose their power
Natural Reinforcers
• Make sense in the context of the behavior
• Natural Consequences
• Work better for long term behavior
change
![Page 175: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/175.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Unnatural example:
![Page 176: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/176.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 177: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/177.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
The ABC’s of PRT!
![Page 178: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/178.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
A Antecedent
a thing or event that existed before or logically precedes another.
B Behavior
the way in which a person acts in response to a particular situation or stimulus
C Consequence
a result or effect of an action or condition.
Antecedent: parent models the word “doll”
Behavior: child says the sound “da” Consequence: parent hands the doll to the child
Parent models the word “bubble” Child says “BUB-B” Parent blows a bubble
Parent has a cookie in hand and prompts the word “cookie”
Child says “cookie” Parent gives child cookie
![Page 179: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/179.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Basic PRT + Social ResponseAntecedent Behavior Consequence Embedded Social R+
Consequence
Bouncing on a Trampoline, Child prompted to say “jump”
Child says “jump” Child is given opportunity to jump on the trampoline
Parent jumps with the child
Listening to a preferred song on TV, Child is prompted to say “music”
Child requests “music” Parent starts the video and allows the child to hear the preferred song
Parent sings the preferredsong to the child
Playing on a swing, child is prompted to request “swing”.
Child request “swing” Child is given the opportunity to play on the swing
Parent pushes the child on the swing
Playing in bathtub, child is prompted to request “splash”.
Child requests “splash” Child is given the opportunity to splash around
Parent splashes with the child
Playing with a blanket, child is prompted to request “blanket”
Child request “blanket” Child is given preferred blanket
Parent plays peek –a- boo with child.
![Page 180: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/180.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
![Page 181: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/181.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Evidence-Based Practices
National Standards Project
Discrete trial training
Pivotal response training
Modeling Strategies
Behavioral Interventions
Social Skills Strategies
Visual strategies
Social narratives
+ more…
www.nationalautismcenter.org
![Page 182: Autism Spectrum Disorders - Kids Firstkidsfirst.uams.edu/.../2017/11/NAEYC_Slides_Autism_Science_Strate… · autism of all ages. “ - Carol Gray •Brief, simple story that is created](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050211/5f5d7710ac1a121f0d0a4be0/html5/thumbnails/182.jpg)
archildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.orgarchildrens.org uams.eduarpediatrics.org
Questions