auto reclosure ppt

Auto-Reclosure

Overview

• History

• Introduction

• What is Auto-reclosure……….?• An Over head line with Auto recloser relays

• An Over head line without Auto recloser relays

• Basic Requirement of Autorecloser Relay Performance

• Typical site tests items of autorecloser relay.

• Salient features of Auto-reclosure.

• Advantages of Auto-reclosure

• Conclusion

• References

• History

• Introduction

• What is Auto-reclosure……….?• An Over head line with Auto recloser relays

• An Over head line without Auto recloser relays

• Basic Requirement of Autorecloser Relay Performance

• Typical site tests items of autorecloser relay.

• Salient features of Auto-reclosure.

• Advantages of Auto-reclosure

• Conclusion

• References

History

• Automatic reclosing was first Applied in the early1900 radial feeders protected by instantaneous relaysand fuses.

• By using Auto reclosurer circuit upto 88% success

• . High-speed reclosing (HSR) was first used byAmerican Electric Power System in 1935

• If this high-speed reclosure was successful, theremaining terminals were reclosed with time delay tocomplete the through circuit

• Automatic reclosing was first Applied in the early1900 radial feeders protected by instantaneous relaysand fuses.

• By using Auto reclosurer circuit upto 88% success

• . High-speed reclosing (HSR) was first used byAmerican Electric Power System in 1935

• If this high-speed reclosure was successful, theremaining terminals were reclosed with time delay tocomplete the through circuit

Introduction• Autorecloser relays are widely implemented in the electric

utilities Over Head Lines networks to improve poweravailability and to maintain system stability.

• Site testing need to be performed before operation toensure proper function of Autoreclosers.

• There is not much manufacturer guidance in functionalsite testing of Autoreclosers. Therefore, testing engineershave to carry out the functional site tests according tospecific requirements of the installations.

• Application of multifunction and numerical relays hasreduced the number of elements and wirings to be testedon site, but it would not eliminate the requirement toperform site testing.

• Autorecloser relays are widely implemented in the electricutilities Over Head Lines networks to improve poweravailability and to maintain system stability.

• Site testing need to be performed before operation toensure proper function of Autoreclosers.

• There is not much manufacturer guidance in functionalsite testing of Autoreclosers. Therefore, testing engineershave to carry out the functional site tests according tospecific requirements of the installations.

• Application of multifunction and numerical relays hasreduced the number of elements and wirings to be testedon site, but it would not eliminate the requirement toperform site testing.

What is Auto-reclosure………?

• CB make one attempt to reclose after trippingto clear fault.

• Results:-

• Successful

• unsuccessful

• CB make one attempt to reclose after trippingto clear fault.

• Results:-

• Successful

• unsuccessful

An Over head line with Auto recloser relays

1. A temporary fault occur2. Protective relays operate

– breaker tripped– Power off

3. Fault extinguished4. Autorecloser relays order the breaker to reclose

– Breaker reclose– Power is restored automatically

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3. Fault extinguished4. Autorecloser relays order the breaker to reclose

– Breaker reclose– Power is restored automatically

Utility Substation Customers

An Over head line without Auto recloser relays



3. Fault extinguished4. Breaker need to be closed manually to restore power

Utility SubstationCustomers

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3. Fault extinguished4. Breaker need to be closed manually to restore power

The most important parameter of anAuto-reclosure

• Dead time:- Time between the fault arc beingextinguished and the circuit breaker contactsremaking.

• Reclaim time:- The time from the making of theclosing contacts on the auto-reclose relay to thecompletion of another circuit within the auto-reclosescheme which will reset the scheme

• Number of shots:-The number of attempts atreclosing which an auto-reclose scheme will makebefore locking out on a permanent fault.

• Dead time:- Time between the fault arc beingextinguished and the circuit breaker contactsremaking.

• Reclaim time:- The time from the making of theclosing contacts on the auto-reclose relay to thecompletion of another circuit within the auto-reclosescheme which will reset the scheme

• Number of shots:-The number of attempts atreclosing which an auto-reclose scheme will makebefore locking out on a permanent fault.

TYPICAL CONFIGURATION & SETTINGof AUTORECLOSER RELAY in INDONESIA

500kV 275kV 150kV 20kV

Dead Time Setting 0.7 or 0.9 second 1 second 60 second

Reclaim TimeSetting 40 second 40 second 180 second

Number of shots single shot single shot single shot

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Number of shots single shot single shot single shot

Single or Multi Pole single polesingle and three

poles three poles

Number ofBreakers two

• One• two (for “One

& HalfBreaker” S/S) one

Protective relay Distance Relay Distance Relay Over Current

Basic Requirement of Autorecloser RelayPerformance

The Autorecloser Relay should reclose the Breaker(s) whenever it isinitiated by Protective Relay

The Autorecloser Relay should not reclose the Breaker(s) if the initiationoccurs during the Reclaim Time

For single pole mode, the Autorecloser Relay should only reclose theBreaker(s) for single phase to earth fault.

The Autorecloser Relay should never reclose the Breaker(s) if :no initiation from Protective Relay (e.g. when the Breaker(s) are intentionallyopened by people)Any of the Breaker(s) is not ready it is not switched to active

The Autorecloser Relay should reclose the Breaker(s) whenever it isinitiated by Protective Relay

The Autorecloser Relay should not reclose the Breaker(s) if the initiationoccurs during the Reclaim Time

For single pole mode, the Autorecloser Relay should only reclose theBreaker(s) for single phase to earth fault.

The Autorecloser Relay should never reclose the Breaker(s) if :no initiation from Protective Relay (e.g. when the Breaker(s) are intentionallyopened by people)Any of the Breaker(s) is not ready it is not switched to active

For single and three poles mode :The Autorecloser Relay should reclose the Breaker(s)for line-line fault under control of synchrocheck relay.The Autorecloser Relay should reclose the Breaker(s)

for single phase to earth fault.

Three poles reclosing should be under Synchro Checkcontrol (except for 20kV radial networks).

Failure of reclosing after single pole tripping should befollowed by tripping of all poles.

For single and three poles mode :The Autorecloser Relay should reclose the Breaker(s)for line-line fault under control of synchrocheck relay.The Autorecloser Relay should reclose the Breaker(s)

for single phase to earth fault.

Three poles reclosing should be under Synchro Checkcontrol (except for 20kV radial networks).

Failure of reclosing after single pole tripping should befollowed by tripping of all poles.

Specific requirement for 500 kV AutorecloserRelay

• The Autorecloser Relay should reclose the Breaker(s)when initiated by any Distance Relay (due to duplexconfiguration of 500 kV protection scheme)

• Since 500kV Substations are one & half breaker type,the Autorecloser Relay should be able to recognizeand control each of the Breaker as “leader Breaker ”and “follower Breaker”

• The Autorecloser Relay should reclose the Breaker(s)when initiated by any Distance Relay (due to duplexconfiguration of 500 kV protection scheme)

• Since 500kV Substations are one & half breaker type,the Autorecloser Relay should be able to recognizeand control each of the Breaker as “leader Breaker ”and “follower Breaker”

TYPICAL SITE TESTS ITEMS OF AUTORECLOSER RELAY

Visual Check

Check of thePower Supply

INSTALLATION

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Test of theAutorecloser settings

Functional Testing(involving operation of

Protective Relays& Circuit Breaker(s)

OPERATION

Salient features of Auto-reclosure

• Used as pole mounted application or as anAuto-reclosure.

• Highest degree of personal safety andprotection.

• Convenient operation modes like RTU orMAN.

• Highest fire retardant.

• Easy and convenient installation.

• Used as pole mounted application or as anAuto-reclosure.

• Highest degree of personal safety andprotection.

• Convenient operation modes like RTU orMAN.

• Highest fire retardant.

• Easy and convenient installation.

Advantages of Auto-reclosure• Improved reliability of supply

• Better customer service

• Improved customer satisfaction

• Reduction in duration of break down time.

• Better quality of supply.

• Quick restoration of power supply in case oftemporary faults

• Easy identification of faulty section.

• Taking LC (Line clearance) is easier due to Onlineswitching operations

• Improvement in performance of various reliabilityindices

• Improved reliability of supply

• Better customer service

• Improved customer satisfaction

• Reduction in duration of break down time.

• Better quality of supply.

• Quick restoration of power supply in case oftemporary faults

• Easy identification of faulty section.

• Taking LC (Line clearance) is easier due to Onlineswitching operations

• Improvement in performance of various reliabilityindices

Conclusion

The benefit of this particular circuit breaker is bythe way of improves. satisfaction andimprovement in reliability indices. Thebenefits of this auto-reclosure are largelytangible. The important point for usingautoreclosure is it reduces human effort. Thefast, easy and less expensive to implementnature.

The benefit of this particular circuit breaker is bythe way of improves. satisfaction andimprovement in reliability indices. Thebenefits of this auto-reclosure are largelytangible. The important point for usingautoreclosure is it reduces human effort. Thefast, easy and less expensive to implementnature.

References

• Aboreshaid, S.; Billinton, R. and Faried, S. O. (1998):Effect of Adaptive Single-Pole Reclosing on the StochasticBehaviour

• of Turbine-Generator Shaft Torsional Torques, IEEETransactions on Energy Conversion

• Aggarwal, R. K. (1998): Experience with Advance AdaptiveAuto-Control Techniques for EHV Transmission Systems.

• IEE, 1998• IEEE Power Systems Relaying Committee; Automatic

Reclosing of Transmission• Lines; IEEE Transactions, Vol. PAS-103, Feb. 1984• Protection Relay Application Guide; GEC Measurements,

1975

• Aboreshaid, S.; Billinton, R. and Faried, S. O. (1998):Effect of Adaptive Single-Pole Reclosing on the StochasticBehaviour

• of Turbine-Generator Shaft Torsional Torques, IEEETransactions on Energy Conversion

• Aggarwal, R. K. (1998): Experience with Advance AdaptiveAuto-Control Techniques for EHV Transmission Systems.

• IEE, 1998• IEEE Power Systems Relaying Committee; Automatic

Reclosing of Transmission• Lines; IEEE Transactions, Vol. PAS-103, Feb. 1984• Protection Relay Application Guide; GEC Measurements,

1975

Thank you

auto reclosure ppt

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