automated driving – industry perspective€¦ · high dynamic info absolute location low dynamic...

Confidential | CC-DA/GP | 26.March.2015 | Version v1 | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2015. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.

SMMT CONNECTED – Automated Driving

Chassis Systems Control

Automated Driving – Industry Perspective Robert Bosch GmbH, Chassis Systems Control Stephan Stass Senior Vice President Business Unit Driver Assistance

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Confidential | CC-DA/PRM | 26.March.2015 | Version v1 | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2015. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.



Advanced Driver Assistance: Trends & Growth

Bosch own market analysis/data 2014 CAGR 2014-2021

Market Growth

Automated DrivingS afety Democ ratization

car2go Ulm

F ocus

C omfort

Mega Trends

Market Drivers

2014 2016 20212014 2016 2021 2014 2016 2021

Aging Society Connectivity Urbanization Energy Efficiency Health & Wellbeing

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Automated and connected – social benefits

Gain in productivity

Democratization of mobility

Fewer traffic jams and less waiting time at intersections and lights à 80% improvement in traffic throughput1

Higher fuel efficiency

Reduced congestion

Reduction in global road fatalities à 90% of car accidents caused by human error4


Synchronised traffic flow à  23 to 39% improvement in highway fuel economy2

Time in transit becomes more productive à 56 minutes per day freed up for other uses (US)3

Over-65 segment growing 50% faster than overall population à Allow a variety of age ranges to be mobile

Improved safety

1 Shladover, Steven, Dongyan Su and Ziao-Yun Lu (2012), Impacts of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control on Freeway Traffic Flow, 91st Annual Meeting of TRB, Washington. 2 Atiyeh, Clifford (2012), Predicting Traffic Patterns, One Honda at a Time, MSN Auto, June 25. 3 US Department of Transportation Highway Safety Administration (2011), Report # FHWA-PL-II-022 4 Bosch accident research; car accidents leading to personal injuries

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Roadmap


Assisted driving

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Automatic emergency braking 2010


Roadmap

Partially automated

System takes control of longitudinal and lateral guidance in specific use cases.

Driver still keeps a watchful eye



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Traffic jam assist 2015

Integrated cruise assist 2017

Highway assist 2018




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Roadmap Highly automated driving

Traffic jam assist 2015

Integrated cruise assist 2017

Highway assist 2018

Traffic jam pilot 2017

Highway pilot 2020

Fully automated driving: Auto pilot

Fully automated driving without driver in the loop




Surround sensing: camera, radar, ultrasonic, …

Vehicle motion control: braking, steering, accelerating


Localisation in online map data: to provide long range planning information

Functions: Decision making in dynamic situations

Driver supervision: System has to be able to return control to the driver at any time

Key technologies for automated driving se

e th

ink

actio

n





Surround sensing – vehicle sensor concept

(not to scale)

360° surround sensing by combination of different sensors · Long- and mid-range radar prerequisite for driving at higher speed · Satisfy reliability requirements by using multiple sensors for each area

-  Long-range radar -  Mid-range radar

-  3rd sensor principle -  Stereo-video

-  Near-range cameras -  Ultrasonic sensors

-  Long-range radar -  Mid-range radar


Dynamic map data – layered approach




Highly automated driving requires latest high-precision map data · Aggregated information processing and delivery via the cloud

e. g. Traffic information

e. g. Hazard spots

30 e. g. Speed limits

Digital static map D

ynam

ic la

yers

High dynamic info with absolute location

Low dynamic info with absolute location

Temporary regional info

Localisation map for automated driving

Collection of sensor data from vehicles

Up-to-date data

Data provider

Cloud



Principle for decision making of 3 Levels

Automated Driving must incorporate all levels of planning done by a human

Strategic high level task oriented planning, similar to

standard navigation, e.g. „drive from A to B,

take road X and Y“

Tactical driving maneuvers,

e.g. „drive on right lane and then turn right“

Reactive low level driving primitives,

e.g. „master dynamic situations“

Trajectory

Maneuver

Navigation P

lann

ing

Hor

izon

Min

utes

/ ho

urs

S

econ

ds

Mill

isec

onds

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Highly automated driving changes on-board network

Ethernet/FR/CAN 12V low speed link

Fail-safe architecture

xRR

MPC

USS

HU

BAT

EPS

AB+

CGW

xRR ESP

MPC

PP

HU

BAT

Cloud EPS

ISU

ESP

LIDAR

RPS

C2x

Fail-operational architecture

proc

essi

ng p

ower

, ba

ndw

idth

, mem

ory

degree of automation

disr

uptiv

e

DASy

CGW

iBooster

RPS

Consequences: •  HW/SW repartitioning (sensor/ECU/cloud) •  use of CE components (µC, FPGA, GPU…) •  redundancies at marketable costs

Drivers of E/E architecture: •  increasing computing power •  demands for automated driving functionalities

Redundant power supply, interfaces, and processing units required Need for highly reliable architecture will change on-board network completely Fail-operational architectures guarantee safety at any time

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Driver as backup – monitoring necessary Distraction detection … because 80% of accidents caused by inattentive drivers1

Drowsiness detection … because 30% of drivers have experienced microsleep events2

Health monitoring … because 10% of fatal accidents caused by medical conditions3

Adaptive assistance … because it enables the vehicle to react according to the driver‘s state

Identification … because it enables the vehicle to adapt to the person driving

Driver monitoring will be a key element for automated driving functions · System has to be able to return control to the driver at any time

1 NHTSA-Report DOT HS 810 593, April 2006 2 DVR-Report 3/2012, representative survey of 2 000 persons 3 Destatis Fachserie 8 Reihe 7, 2010

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Safety – reliable actuation elements

Redundant steering, braking, and stabilisation systems required · Modular actuation concept offers a perfect solution for automated driving

Vacuum-free boost & autonomous braking Brake boost

Recuperation Modulation

Vacuum booster iBooster

ESP® hev ESP®

ESP® ESP® hev iBooster Electronic

power steering

Redundant steering system Redundant braking system




Legislation Frameworks & Main Activities


Legislation framework no longer reflects technical progress · Need for adaptation to take account of highly automated driving

•  National laws •  Geneva convention (1949) •  Vienna convention on road

traffic (1968): Article 8 (5): „Every driver shall at all times be able to control his vehicle or to guide his animals“

Current legal framework

Legalisation & regulation for AD decided in individual states

LUTZ Pathfinder - UK Government’s ‘Introducing Driverless Cars’ competition Volvo DriveMe

OEMs

OEMs

OEMs

Japan (MLIT) exploring different possibilities

OEMs New players

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Conclusions è  Automated driving increases safety and comfort

l  That’s what we call “Invented for life”

è  Stepwise implementation starts with highway driving and parking functions

è  The path towards automated driving has to overcome new challenges for sensors, maps, system architecture, validation standards and regulation

è  Bosch has all necessary key technologies available and is getting them ready for market entry

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Thank you for your attention!

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automated driving – industry perspective€¦ · high dynamic info absolute location low dynamic...

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