AUTOMATED LIGHT ILLUMINATION CONTROLLER

Project Guide:

Prof. Shweta Alpna

Presented By:

Bhavya Sonal (1104064)

Bibhu Prasad Sahu (1104065)

SCHOOL OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

INTRODUCTION

Traditional switching based on mechanical ON/OFF (manual

power).

Dependency upon human judgment.

‘Smart Homes’ to become the norm in the future.

Automated devices to replace the traditional ones.

Automation to be done using sensors and transducers.

PRINCIPLE

Sensors and transducers to detect changes in the surroundings.

Sensors can be of various types depending upon the nature of the

appliance.

Automated Light Illumination Controller works on the principle of LDR.

Change in the intensity of incident light results in change in resistance.

Voltages are manipulated resulting in automated switching action.

Secondary circuit gets activated and light bulb starts glowing.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

CIRCUIT OPERATION

Voltage Regulation

CIRCUIT OPERATION

Comparator inputs

CIRCUIT OPERATION

Transistor switching

CIRCUIT OPERATION

Triggering the Relay

CIRCUIT OPERATION

Completion of Secondary Circuit

PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION

When LDR is replaced by a smoke sensor, then a fire alarm can be

designed which goes off on detecting smoke.

When LDR is replaced by an infrared sensor, then it can detect

intruders and hence the burglar alarm goes off.

By using a temperature sensor in place of LDR, switching can be done

to turn ON either an AC or a Radiator, depending upon the

temperature (weather) outside.

…contd.

BURGLAR ALARM

A feature can be added which uses a sensor to detect intruder activity and when the device is triggered, it should send the GPS coordinates to the nearby police station and to the owner's handheld device.

Infrared camera can be used along with it to capture the image of burglar before the police gets there.

Sensors used in burglar alarms: PIR: This sensor is passive in the sense that it captures the heat emitted from the

objects. Therefore, it needs a clear sight of vision. As human body emits more heat, the sensor can detect the presence of intruders.

Ultrasonic detectors: These sensors send ultrasonic sound waves and receive them as they bounce back from the fixed objects in the room. So, if any object moves, the wavelength changes and the sensor detects moving object.

Microwave detectors: This type of sensor emits microwaves and detects discrepancies in the signals through the receiver.

…contd.

SMART HOMES

A switch can be added which when switched ON by the user when he is at home, would bypass the relay trigger system and function as a normal light and a dimmer incorporated.

When the owner goes out, then switch would be OFF and relay trigger would be in active state, thereby making all automated devices interconnected to one another as well as with the user.

This technology is named as the ‘Internet of things’ which refers to the objects and products that are interconnected and identifiable through digital networks.

Uses of smart homes: Switch thermostat on after getting up from bed

Unlock door automatically as you approach

Notify the resident about important events and tasks

Makes life easy for elderly and physically disabled people.

THANK YOU