automated mastitis detection for dairy farms
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Automated Mastitis Detection for Dairy Farms. Amanda Sterrett & Jeffrey Bewley University of Kentucky Dairy Systems Management. But how we monitor it is different…. What else can we monitor?. Why do these people keep hanging stuff off of me?. Take advantage of simplicity. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Automated Mastitis Detection
for Dairy Farms
Amanda Sterrett & Jeffrey BewleyUniversity of Kentucky
Dairy Systems Management
But how we monitor it is different…
Why do these people
keep hanging stuff off
of me?
What else can we monitor?
Because cows are routine-oriented, we can monitor their behavior and examine differences in:
Eating time / DMI
Standing / Lying time
Rumination time
Location within barn
Take advantage of simplicity
Body temperature
Ear, milk, reticulorumen, udder, vagina
Milk composition
SCC
Fat, lactose, protein, LDH, etc.
Electrical conductivity
Physiological monitoring
Potential Benefits
Early Mastitis
Detection
Early Treatment
Improved Treatment Outcome
Less Economic
Loss
Improved Prevention
Program
Less Production
Loss
Improved Animal Well-
Being
Accuracy and Precision
Sensitivity and Specificity
Sensitivity (true positive rate): alert with an observed mastitis case
Specificity (true negative rate): no alert with no mastitis
In-Line Monitoring
Ion concentration of milk changes during mastitis
Inexpensive and simple equipment
Wide range of sensitivity and specificity reported
Affected by sample time, milk viscosity, temperature, and sensor calibration
Most useful when combined with other data
Electrical Conductivity
Automated CMT or WMT
• CellSense (New Zealand)
• r = 0.76 with Fossomatic SCC
Alert based on EC
Alert based on In-Line SCC
Alert based on EC and SCC
Alert time perio
d
Observ-
ation period
Sensitivity
False
alert rate
Sensitivity
False alert rate
Sensitivity
False
alert rate
96 48 80 4.7 83.3 2.9 80 1.248 24 80 7.8 83.3 3.7 80 2.1
Somatic Cell Count• In-line detection of cell count,
milk temperature, and electrical conductivity
• Uses ATP luminescence as an indicator of the number of somatic cells
• Sensor connected to the milk hose below the milking claw
• Reagent cassette attached below display
Spectroscopy• Visible, near-infrared, mid-infrared, or radio
frequency• Indirect identification through changes in milk
composition• AfiLab uses near infrared– Fat, protein, lactose, SCC, and MUN
LDH Threshold (µmol min-1|-1)
Sensitivity
Specificity
4.3 95.2 92.06.5 72.6 98.5
http://blog.modernmechanix.com/robot-cow-moos-and-gives-milk/
Cow
Sensors
Temperature Limitations• Not all cases of mastitis result in a
temperature response• Best location to collect
temperature?• Noise from other physiological
impacts
Udder Thermography• Udder temperature closely related to rectal
temperature• No early detection in LPS challenge (Hovinen et
al., 2008)• Potential use in dry cows
Hovinen et al., 2008
Before Infection After Infection
Accelerometers• Measures lying time and activity/motion
index
• Well researched and applied to many areas
• Lying is a high priority behavior
• May change lying time around mastitis
• May decrease activity around mastitis
• Lying time decreased by 73 minutes on the day of challenge (P < 0.01, Cyples et al., 2012)
Rumination Behavior
• Cows with mastitis may ruminate less• r = 0.93 for automated rumination with
live observations in cows (Schirmann et al., 2009)
Animal Position• Real Time Location
System • Cows may stay in same
spot longer around mastitis
Multi-parameter Sensors• Combination monitors may find a better
market than those sensors only targeted at one parameter:
– Temperature
– Activity
– Rumination
– Feeding Time
• Multivariate analyses
Economics Positive return on investment
Producer satisfaction What data is useful?
Reading frequency What do we do with the data?
Culture, monitor, treat, ignore?
Considerations
Using technologies for mastitis monitoring is newer than using them for estrus detection Algorithms are not yet
perfected Continued research is
needed, particularly in naturally occurring mastitis
Conclusions
Questions?Amanda Sterrett408 WP Garrigus BuildingLexington, KY [email protected]
Dr. Jeffrey Bewley407 WP Garrigus BuildingLexington, KY [email protected]