A SEMINAR

PRESENTATION ON

SUMMER TRAINING

Bachelor of Technology in

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

session : 2013-2014

in care of Mewar University

Presentation by

Yogesh.RIV Year , EE

Training in

Undertaken at I.D.E.M.I ,

Mumbai

INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

• Manpower cost – by reducing manpower

• Utility cost – by power saving

• Quality improvement – Through good control

• High production – Through state of art machine

• Keeping proper record – Through system

In today’s scenario production cost is increasing rapidly. The labour cost, raw material cost, power cost, etc. are not in our control. Hence to increase the productivity and reduce the production cost we can only have controls on :

All these can be possible only by implementing

AUTOMATION

INTRODUCTION

AUTOMATIONA STEP AHEAD MECHANIZATION

Automation is basically the

delegation of human control

function to technical equipment or

Automation is the use of control systems and

information technologies reducing the need of

human intervention

IMPACT OF AUTOMATION

• Achieve more with less time

• Elimination of human error

• Cleaner Technology

• Minimize Energy consumption

• Easy diagnosis of fault

• Effective application for Complex tasks

• Improve Safety and Health

• Increase in productivity by achieving the optimum efficiency of the machine.

Main body of automation

• PLC

• SCADA

• Drives

• Sensors

Sensor

Sensors are sophisticated devices that are

frequently used to detect and respond to

electrical or optical signals. A Sensor converts

the physical parameter (for example:-

temperature, blood pressure, humidity, speed,

etc.) into a signal which can be measured

electrically.

Sensor are basically consists of three

parts:

• Transducer

• Processing circuit

• Driver circuit

Classification of

Sensors Active

Sensors

Passive

Sensors

Active sensors operate under energy conversion principles also self-generating

type, develop their own voltage or current .They generate an equivalent

output electrical signal without any external power signal

The Passive sensors operate under energy controlling principle. In this case

the case the process parameter is converted into passive parameter such

as resistance, capacitance or inductance that need an auxiliary supply so

as to get an electrical output.

PROXIMITY SENSOR The Passive sensors operate under energy controlling principle.

In this case the case the process parameter is converted into passive parameter such as resistance, capacitance or inductance that need an auxiliary supply so as to get an electrical output.

• Inductive Sensor

• Capacitive Sensor

• Optical Sensor

• Ultrasonic Sensor

• Magnetic Sensor

Types Of Proximity Sensors

INDUCTIVE SENSOR

• Sense the presence of metallic object.

• Used for position sensing , counting speed

Capacitive sensor

• Detect any target whose dielectric is more than air

• Also used to detect fluids

• Used for position level of liquids.

Optical sensor

• Optical sensor has 2 parts : Emitter & Receiver

• Three types of optical sensor : Thru beam , Diffused type , Retro-reflective type

1) THRU BEAM

transmitter receiver• Consist of 2 parts : Transmitter & receiver , both

are kept apart facing each other

•Main disadvantage : need auxiliary power supply for separate units

target

transmitter receiver

target

After the interruption of target, receiver gives a signal which is amplified and fed

into output of sensor

THRU BEAM

2) DIFFUSED TYPE

• Transmitter & receiver placed together

• When there is no target , sensor switches its off

• More convenient than Thru beam • Does not work well in transparent target

DIFFUSED TYPE

After the interruption of target , target reflect those light pulses to

receiver

3) Retro-reflective

• Both are placed together

• Reflectors are used

After the interruption of target , target reflect those light pulses to

receiver

Retro-reflective

Ultrasonic sensor

• Sense any material solid or liquid

• Dust resistant

• Long sensing gap

MAGNETIC SENSOR

• Actuated by magnetic field

• Application : Pneumatic & Hydraulics

• When mag. switch senses mag. field ,

it will give switching signal