AUTOMOTIVE CHARGING AUTOMOTIVE CHARGING SYSTEMSSYSTEMS

CHAPTER 7CHAPTER 7

PURPOSE OF CHARGING PURPOSE OF CHARGING SYSTEMSYSTEM

CONVERT MECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERT MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGYINTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

RECHARGE BATTERYRECHARGE BATTERY PROVIDE POWER FOR ELECTRICAL PROVIDE POWER FOR ELECTRICAL

ACCESSORIESACCESSORIES RESERVE POWER WHEN NEEDEDRESERVE POWER WHEN NEEDED

COMPONENTS OF COMPONENTS OF CHARGING SYSTEMCHARGING SYSTEM

BATTERYBATTERY ALTERNATORALTERNATOR DRIVE BELTDRIVE BELT VOLTAGE REGULATORVOLTAGE REGULATOR CHARGE INDICATOR (LAMP OR CHARGE INDICATOR (LAMP OR

GAUGE)GAUGE)

TYPICAL CHARGING TYPICAL CHARGING SYSTEMSYSTEM

ALTERNATING CURRENT ALTERNATING CURRENT OPERATIONOPERATION

ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION TO PRODUCE ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION TO PRODUCE ELECTRICAL POWERELECTRICAL POWER• VOLTAGE WILL BE PRODUCED IF MOTION VOLTAGE WILL BE PRODUCED IF MOTION

BETWEEN A CONDUCTOR AND A MAGNETIC FIELD BETWEEN A CONDUCTOR AND A MAGNETIC FIELD OCCURS.OCCURS.

AMOUNT OF VOLTAGE IS AFFECTED BY:AMOUNT OF VOLTAGE IS AFFECTED BY:• SPEED OF CONDUCTOR PASSING THROUGH FIELDSPEED OF CONDUCTOR PASSING THROUGH FIELD• STRENGTH OF MAGNETIC FIELDSTRENGTH OF MAGNETIC FIELD• NUMBER OF CONDUCTORS PASSING THROUGH NUMBER OF CONDUCTORS PASSING THROUGH

MAGNETIC FIELDMAGNETIC FIELD

PG C165

COMPONENTS OF COMPONENTS OF ALTERNATORALTERNATOR

FRONT HOUSING ( DRIVE END )FRONT HOUSING ( DRIVE END ) REAR HOUSING ( COM END )REAR HOUSING ( COM END ) STATORSTATOR ROTOR ROTOR REGULATORREGULATOR BRUSHESBRUSHES RECTIFIER ASSEMBLYRECTIFIER ASSEMBLY BRUSH HOLDERBRUSH HOLDER

C167 FIG 7-6

ROTORROTOR

COPPER WIRE COPPER WIRE WOUND AROUND A WOUND AROUND A IRON COREIRON CORE

CURRENT PASSING CURRENT PASSING THROUGH ROTOR THROUGH ROTOR CREATES A CREATES A MAGNETIC FIELDMAGNETIC FIELD

MAGNETIC FIELDS MAGNETIC FIELDS PRODUCE A VOLTAGE PRODUCE A VOLTAGE BY INDUCTION IN BY INDUCTION IN STATOR WINDINGSSTATOR WINDINGS

PG C167 & 168

ROTOR FIELD CIRCUITROTOR FIELD CIRCUIT

CONTROLS CONTROLS ALTERNAOTR OUTPUT ALTERNAOTR OUTPUT

INCREASED FIELD INCREASED FIELD CURRENT RESULTS IN CURRENT RESULTS IN INCREASED INCREASED ALTERNATOR OUTPUTALTERNATOR OUTPUT

TWO BRUSHES TWO BRUSHES PROVIDE PROVIDE CONNECTION TO CONNECTION TO FIELD COIL FIELD COIL

PG C169

STATORSTATOR

THREE SETS OF THREE SETS OF WINDINGS AROUND WINDINGS AROUND LAMINATED CORELAMINATED CORE

SMALL GAP BETWEEN SMALL GAP BETWEEN ROTOR AND STATOR ROTOR AND STATOR PERMITS FIELD PERMITS FIELD CIRCUIT TO CIRCUIT TO ENERGIZE WINDINGS ENERGIZE WINDINGS OF STATOR AT THE OF STATOR AT THE SAME TIME.SAME TIME.

STATOR WINDINGSSTATOR WINDINGS

STATOR WINDING CONNECTIONSSTATOR WINDING CONNECTIONS• WYEWYE• DELTA DELTA

OVERLAPPING STATOR WINDINGS PRODUCE OVERLAPPING STATOR WINDINGS PRODUCE 33 PHASE ANGLES PAGE C-170 33 PHASE ANGLES PAGE C-170

PG C170-173

DIODE RECTIFIER BRIDGEDIODE RECTIFIER BRIDGE

CHANGES NEGATIVE CURRENT INTO CHANGES NEGATIVE CURRENT INTO POSITIVE OUTPUTPOSITIVE OUTPUT

CONVERTS AC (ALTERNATING) VOLTS CONVERTS AC (ALTERNATING) VOLTS TO PULSING DC VOLTSTO PULSING DC VOLTS

3 POSITIVE BIASED DIODES3 POSITIVE BIASED DIODES 3 NEGATIVE BIASED DIODES3 NEGATIVE BIASED DIODES NUMBER OF POLES ON ROTOR AND NUMBER OF POLES ON ROTOR AND

NUMBER OF PHASES ON STATOR NUMBER OF PHASES ON STATOR WILL DETERMINE HOW SMOOTH WILL DETERMINE HOW SMOOTH OUTPUT IS.OUTPUT IS.

PG C174-176

AC VOLTAGE EFFECT WITH AC VOLTAGE EFFECT WITH DIODE OPERATIONDIODE OPERATION

STATOR CURRENT FLOW STATOR CURRENT FLOW PHASE 1PHASE 1

A AND B POSITIVEA AND B POSITIVE

STATOR CURRENT PHASE STATOR CURRENT PHASE 22

A AND C NEGATIVEA AND C NEGATIVE

STATOR CURRENT PHASE STATOR CURRENT PHASE 33

B AND C POSITIVEB AND C POSITIVE

ALTERNATOR INTERNAL ALTERNATOR INTERNAL CIRCUITSCIRCUITS

CHARGING CIRCUITCHARGING CIRCUIT• STATOR WINDINGS AND RECTIFIERSTATOR WINDINGS AND RECTIFIER

EXCITATION CIRCUITEXCITATION CIRCUIT• FIELD COIL AND CONNECTIONSFIELD COIL AND CONNECTIONS

PRE-EXCITATION CIRCUITPRE-EXCITATION CIRCUIT• SUPPLIES INITIAL CURRENT FOR FIELD SUPPLIES INITIAL CURRENT FOR FIELD

COILCOIL

THE ENDTHE END

STAY TUNED FOR FURTHER STAY TUNED FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS!DEVELOPMENTS!