Awareness – a foundation for investigating inter-

organizational collaboration in cadastral system?

Introduction

• Inter-organizational collaboration is fundamental• In the community ”awareness” is often regarded

as a success criterion for the development of inter-organizational collaboration in land administration systems (I focus on cadastral systems)

• Two kinds of awareness is adressed– Internal awareness - awareness of the existence of

each other in order to develop effective, collaborative relationships.

– External awareness - the organizations in common need to be aware of the potential social, economical and sustainable opportunities that the organizations together possess.

Research questions

The five objectives of the research are:

1. To document how awareness plays a role in the development towards multi-purpose cadastral systems.

2. To define the role and nature of awareness from an organizational viewpoint.

3. To develop an evaluation model for investigating awareness as an evaluation factor in cadastral systems in the development towards multi-purpose systems.

4. To test an evaluation model of awareness against four case studies on cadastral systems.

5. To develop a self-assessment model for evaluating awareness in cadastral systems.

Can awareness be the area for an investigation of the development of cadastral system towards multipurpose systems?

Multi-purpose cadastral system

• A multi-purpose cadastral systems is a cadastral system that make its spatial information, expertise and services available to wider society in order to support and underpin the value of the spatial information, knowledge and tools for spatial enabling that exist in the cadastral systems. A multi-purpose cadastre is expected to serve more than its original purpose of primarily serving the land market.

INTRODUCTION-Problem statement0

Chapter 1 – Introduction Background of researchFocus and aimProblem statement

BACKGROUND-Current theory-Current practice

Chapter 2 – Spatial data and SDIsChapter 3 – Cadastral systemsChapter 4 –Inter-organizational networksThe domain, the actors and their relationsFacilitators and obstacles to inter-organizational relationsNetworks structures

OWN WORK•Model building•Method

Chapter 5 – Awareness and other aspects to affect inter-organizational relationshipsOverall model on data sharingDiscussion of aspects to affect inter-organizational relationshipsReview of willingness, trust and interdependencyChapter 5 – Phases of awarenessRelation between internal and external awarenessModels of phases of internal and external awarenessThe models in an evaluative contextChapter 6 – Additional tools for investigating awarenessAwareness building within organizationsAwareness and organizational structuresAwareness and political vision

CASE STUDIES•Research model •Design•Method•Analysis•Results•Test

Chapter 7 – Research model, method and designOverall awareness evaluation modelResearch methodResearch designChapter 8 – Case study analysisIntroduction to case study analysisCase study analysis in this thesisChoice of casesChapter 9 – Case study of Denmark’s cadastral systemChapter 10 – Case study of Western Australia’s cadastral system Chapter 11 – Case study of Victoria’s cadastral system Chapter 12 – Case study of Netherlands’ cadastral system

SYNTHESIS-Analysis-Discussion-Conclusion

Chapter 13 – Analysis, development of self-assessment model and discussion of resultsChapter 14 – Conclusion

Two stringed theory building

• Phases of awareness developed from phases of trust

Motivation Need defining awareness

Getting-to-know

Collaboration awareness

Problem-setting

Coordination Coordination awareness

Structuring

Implementation

awareness

Problem solving

Outcome Evolution awareness

Maintaining relations

• Aspects to affect awareness

Management communication

Inter-organizational coordination bodies

Willingness

Attitude

Social pressure

Technical knowledge

Network structure

Overall network characteristics

Links

Importance in the network

Trust

Visions and strategies

Case-studies

• Denmark, Australian, The Netherlands

• Using the ”aspects” to investigate the cases for levels of awareness

• Aim is to use this investigation to test the level of internal and external awarness

• Is this possible?

Pre-conclusion

1. Awareness does seem to play an important role in inter-organizational collaboration in cadastral systems

2. It is possible to build a theoretical model that clarifies the somewhat diffuse concept of awareness and specify a difference in internal and external awareness

3. It is possible to build a theoretical model of the aspects that seem to affect awareness

However…

• The ongoing investigations of awareness in land administration systems have revealed that it is a demanding task to use the term as a foundation for investigations of inter-organizational collaboration in cadastral systems

– it is very complicated to uncover the complex organizational structures and aspects that seem to affect awareness in land administration organizations

– it has proved difficult to separate the proposed internal and external phases of awareness in the investigated organizations

Therefore…

• A preliminary conclusion is therefore that the land administration community is right when stating that awareness is a success criterion for the development of inter-organizational collaboration, but in reality it is a very difficult and time consuming term to use in studies of inter-organizational collaboration in these systems

A BA B A B

A B A B A B

A B A B A B

A B

No mutual awareness

Overhearing/distraction

Mutual overhearing

Minimal assymetric awareness

Ignoring Eavesdropping

Minimal mutual awareness Monitoring Withdrawal

Fully reciprocal mutual awareness

a. b. c.

d. e. f.

g. h. i.

j.