Axial Skeleton

– Skull• 8 cranial bones• 14 facial bones

– Middle Ear Bones: 6– Hyoid: 1– Vertebral Column:

26– Thoracic Cage: 25

Appendicular Skeleton

– Pectoral Girdle: 4– Upper Limbs: 60– Pelvic Girdle (coxal

bone): 2– Lower Limbs: 60

• Total: 206

Bones of the Cranium

• Occipital • Parietal (2)• Frontal• Temporal (2)• Sphenoid• Ethmoid

Occipital Bone

• Forms the wall and base of the posterior portion of the skull

Occipital Bone

• Lambdoidal suture: joins to parietal bone

• Foramen Magnum: hole for spinal cord, nerves, arteries

• Occipital Condyles: bumps that articulate with 1st vertebrae

Parietal Bones

• Form sides and roof of cranium

Parietal Bones

• Sagittal Suture: joins with other parietal bone

• Temporal lines: attachment site for mastication muscles

• Coronal suture: joins with frontal bone

Frontal Bone

• Forms the anterior portion of the cranium

Frontal Bone

• Supraorbital notch: hole for nerves and blood vessels

• Frontal Sinuses: enclosed air spaces that lighten bone, lined with mucous membranes

Temporal Bones

• Form sides and base of skull

• Squamosal Suture: joins parietal bone

Temporal Bones

• External acoustic meatus: leads to middle ear

• Mastoid process: attachment site for muscles that will move the neck, will conduct vibrations

• Styloid Process: attachment site for muscles of tongue and throat

Sphenoid Bone

• Directly in middle of skull

• Wedged between several other bones

Sphenoid Bone

• Sella Turcica: deep saddle-shaped depression that houses the pituitary gland

• Sphenoid Sinuses

Ethmoid Bone

• Make up nasal cavity and parts of the eye socket

• Ethmoid Sinuses

Ethmoid Bone

• Crista Galli: meninges that cover brain attach here

• Superior and Middle Nasal Conchae: projection of lateral wall of nasal cavity that increase surface area of each cavity