azerbaijan language manual - peace corps
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Brief Introduction to the Azerbaijani LanguageTABLE OF
CONTENTS
LESSON 1 ..............................................................................................................................5
PERSONAL PRONOUNS .................................................................................6 TO BE SUFFIXES IN THE PRESENT TENSE........................................................6
LESSON 3 NEGATIVE AND AFFIRMATIVE FORMS OF ‘TO BE’ IN PRESENT ................7
LESSON 4 ..............................................................................................................................7
OTHER EXPRESSIONS USED FOR GREETING ....................................................8 LESSON 6 ..............................................................................................................................8
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Brief Introduction to the Azerbaijani Language The Azerbaijani language is the official language of the Azerbaijan Republic. Azerbaijani is spoken by about 8 million people in Azerbaijan Republic and generally by 50 million people all over the world. Azerbaijani is a member of the Turkic branch of the Altaic language family, which includes about 20 languages. Close to 150 million people speak these languages in the area that stretches from the Adriatic Sea in the west to Mongolia, Siberia and China in the east. Specifically, Azerbaijani belongs to the Oghuz Seljuk sub-group, along with (Osmanli) Turkish. Other well-known members of the Turkic branch include: Uzbek, Kipchak, Kyrgyz, Tatar, and Kazakh. The Turkic languages closely resemble each other and form a complex of mutually intelligible dialects. Characteristic features of the Azerbaijani language are:
• Like all of the Turkic languages, Azerbaijani is agglutinative, that is, grammatical functions are indicated by adding various suffixes to fixed stems.
• Separate suffixes on nouns indicate both gender and number, but there is no grammatical gender.
• Absence of initial and final consonant clusters (with some exceptions for the final consonant clusters)
• Absence of articles • Instead of prepositions, it uses postpositions . For example: Anam il = with my
mother • Nouns are inflected for case. There are five case endings. • It is subject-object-verb language • It has a vowel harmony The Azerbaijani language has 32 letters. Stress always falls on the last syllable.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Lesson 1 Azerbaijani Alphabet
Hrflr Letters Nümunlr (Examples)
As in the word
() Ata, imla (father, dictation) Father Bb (b) Böyük, mktb (big, school) Big Cc (c) Cavab, c (answer, tree) Jam Çç (ç) Çy, çiçk (tea, flower) Check Dd (d) Da, qnd (mountain, sugar) Day () Elm, neft (science, oil) End, elephant () , drs (meat, lesson) Man, bad Ff (f) fhl, arf Factory, scarf Gg (ge) gmi, gün (close to English “g” in
“give, singer”)
(e) Olan, ba (boy, garden) ( close to French “r”in “pardon”)
Hh (h) hft, hava (week, air) Hand, here () xrit, yax (close to Scottish
“ch”in “loch”) Hobby
I () Bçaq, balq (knife, fish)(close to English “y”in ”symbol”)
i (i) Indi, ink (now, cow) Beach, leave Jj (j) Jurnal, qaraj (magazine, garage) Garage, massage () Kartof, fizika (potato, physics) Cat ,class, cabbage Qq (q) Qap, qaq (door, spoon) Go, get Ll (el) Lampa, palto (lamp, coat) Lamp, lemon Mm (m) Mavi, pambq (blue, cotton) Map, machine Nn (n) Ana, nahar (mother, dinner) Nine, next () otaq, orta (room, middle) Boss, often Öö (ö) çörk, ördk (bread, duck) Burn, earn Pp (p) pncr, pendir (window, cheese) Pen, pencil Rr (r) Radio, armud (radio, pear) Red Ss (s) Süd, su (milk, water) City, side () orba, am (soup, candle) Shy, shine Tt (t) Tarix, mtn (history, text) Text, time Uu (u) Uaq, qum (child, sand) Moon, soup Ü ü (ü) Üzüm, üz (grape, face)(very close
to German - übung)
Vv (v) Valideyn, divar (parents, wall) Vital, vast Yy (y) Yay, yeni (summer, new) Yes, yesterday Zz (z) Maaza, zavod (shop, plant) Zebra, zero
Vowel Harmony
In Azerbaijani there is a phenomenon called vowel harmony in which the vowels of suffixes must harmonize with the vowels of noun and verb stems, for example, if the stem has a hard vowel (a, , o, u), then the vowel of the suffix must be hard; if the stem has a soft vowel (e, , i, ö, ü), then the suffix must be soft. For example:
kitab+ lar (lar- plural suffix) kitab+ n (Genetive case) zavod+ un (Genetive case) gül+lr (plural) mktb+ (dative case)
books book’s plant’s flowers to school
Note: Though this concept may be difficult to understand at first, Peace Corps Language trainers will work with you during Pre-Service Training to help you understand.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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I You He/she/it We You They
Mn Sn O Biz Siz Onlar
“To be” suffixes in the Present Tense To convey the same meaning of the English “to be” Azerbaijani has different words and suffixes. The most common of them are the personal suffixes that attach to nouns, adjectives, and locations and express the meaning of “to be + noun/adjective/adverb”. For example:
• Bu kitabdr = It is a book. • O, qz qngdir = That girl is beautiful. • Kitab rf+d+dir = The book is on the shelf (note that ” d” here indicates location.).
Negative is formed by the word “deyil”. For example:
• Bu kitab deyil = This is not a book. • Kitab rfd deyil = The book is not on the shelf. • O qz qng deyil = That girl is not beautiful.
See below for endings used with different persons:
Personal Pronoun
Singular Plural
1st person Mn – (y)am, - (y)m Mn hkim+m (I am a doctor) Mn all+y+am ( I am clever)
Biz – (y)q, (y)ik, (y)uq, (y)ük Biz hkim+ ik (We are doctors) Biz all+y+ q (We are clever)
2nd person Sn -- san, sn Sn hkim+sn (You are a doctor) Sn all+ san (You are clever)
Snz4 or (shorter form)– sz, siz, suz, süz Siz hkim+siniz(siz) (You are doctors) Siz all+snz(sz) (You are clever)
3rd person O – dr, dir, dur, dür O hkim+ dir (He/she is a doctor) O all+ dr (He/she is clever)
Onlar – dr, dir, dur, dür Onlar hkim+dir(lr). (They are doctors) Onlar all+dr (lar) (They are clever)
Note that ‘y’ is a connecting consonant, which is used between two vowels. For example: Mn güclü+y+m = I am strong.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Negative and Affirmative Forms of ‘to be’ in Present
I am a teacher -- I am not a teacher. You are a doctor – You are not a doctor. He/she is a driver -- He/she is not a driver. We are Volunteers -- We are not Volunteers. You are Trainees – You are not Trainees. They are workers -- They are not workers.
Mn müllimm – Mn müllim deyil+m. Sn hkimsn – Sn hkim deyil+sn. O sürücüdür- O sürücü deyil. Biz könüllüyük – Biz könüllü deyil+ik. Siz tlimçisiniz (siz) – Siz tlimçi deyil+siniz. Onlar fhldir(lr) – Onlar fhl deyil+(lr).
Lesson 4
How to greet and respond to a greeting
English Azerbaijani Dialogue-1 A: - Hello! B: - Hello A: - How are you? B: - I am fine, thank you very much. How are you? A: - I am fine too. Thank you. Dialogue- 2 A: - Hi! How are you? B: - I am fine, thank you. How are you? A: - I am fine too. How are things? B: - Not bad. How is everything with you? A: - Fine. Dialogue – 3 A: - Hello! How are things? B: - Hello! Everything is OK. How are things in your life? A: - Thanks God, everything is fine. (lit. all are in good health) Dialogue – 4 A: - Hello! Are you OK? B: - Yes, I am fine. And you? A: - I am fine too. Dialogue – 5 A: - Hello, how are you? B: - Hi, very bad. A: - Why, what happened? B: - It is very hot.
Dialoq-1 A: - Salam! B: - Salam! A: - Necsiniz? (formal) B: - Yaxyam, çox sa olun. Siz necsiniz? A: - Mn d yaxyam. Sa olun. Dialoq- 2 A: - Salam! Necsn? (informal) B: - Yaxyam, sa ol. Sn necsn? A: - Mn d yaxyam. lrin necdir? B: - Pis deyil. Snin ilrin necdir? A: - Yaxdr. Dialoq –3 A: - Salam! N var, n yox? B: - Hr ey yaxdr. Sizd n var, n yox? A: - ükür ALLAHA, salamatçlqdr. Dialoq – 4 A: - Salam! Yaxsanm? B: - H, yaxyam. Bs sn? A: - Mn d yaxyam. Dialoq – 5 A: - Salam, necsn? B: - Salam, çox pis. A: - Niy, n olub? B: - Çox istidir.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Good morning Good day Good evening Hello Welcome
Sabahnz xeyir. Gün aydn. Axamnz xeyir. Salamleyküm. Xo glmisiniz.
Saying “salam” when you meet people is very important for Azerbaijanis. When someone doesn’t say “salam,” people say: “Where is your salam? You don’t even say God’s salam.” “Necsn?” (informal) or “Necsiz?” (formal) is used when people know each other. Note that “sn2” is used for informal; “siz4 or siniz” is used for formal address for the second person singular. For example: yaxsan? (informal), yazsnz? (formal).
Lesson 6
Saying Good- bye
1. A: Good- bye B: Good-bye, you are welcome. 2. A: Good – bye B: Good luck. 3. A: Good- bye. So long. B: So long. Good –bye. 4. A: Good night. B: Good night. 5. A: Good – bye. See you later. B: See you later.
1. A: Sa olun. B: Sa olun. Xo gldiniz. 2. A: Salamat qaln. B: Yax yol. 3. A: Sa olun. Hllik. B: Hllik. Sa olun. 4. A: Gecniz xeyr qalsn. B: Xeyr qar. 5. A: Sa olun, görürik. B: Görürik.
Lesson 7
Possessive Pronouns/Possessive
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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In Azerbaijani, Possession contains two parts: possessor and possessed. The possessor is a noun or a pronoun in genitive case: mnim (my), snin (your), bacmn (my sister’s) etc. and possessed is a noun that has possessive suffixes: anam (my mother), qardan(your brother), atas (his/her father). For example: Mnim bacm (My sister). Snin bacn (Your sister). Onun bacs (His/her sister). Bizim bacmz (Our sister). Sizin bacnz (Your sister). Onlarn bacs (Their sister).
Possessive Suffixes
Persons Suffixes Mnim
()m, - (i)m, - (u)m, - (ü)m kitab+m (my book) dftr+im (my notebook) yaz+m (my writing) üz+üm (my face)
Bizim - ()mz, - (i)miz, - (u)muz, (ü)müz
kitab+mz (our book) dftr+imiz (our notebook) yaz+mz (our writing) üz+ümüz (our face)
Snin - ()n, - (i)n, -(u)n, - (ü)n
kitab+n (your book) dftr+in (your notebook) yaz+n (your writing) üz+ün (your face)
Sizin - ()nz, - (i)niz, - (u)nuz,- (ü)nüz
kitab+nz (your book) dftr+iniz (your notebook) yaz+nz (your writing) üz+ünüz (your face)
Onun - (s),- (s)i,- (s)u,- (s)ü (note that “s” is a connecting consonant and is added when the word ends in a vowel - ata+s+)
kitab+ (his/her book) dftr+i (his/her notebook) yaz+s (his/her writing) üz+ü (his/her face)
Onlarn - (s),- (s)i,- (s)u,- (s)ü
- lar, - lri kitab+ or kitab+lar (their books) dftr+i/dftrlri (their notebooks) yaz+s/yazlar (their writings) üz+ü/üzlri (their faces) Note that –lar, -lr are plural suffixes. In Azerbaijani they are used if the possessed is plural. If the possessed is singular the plural suffixes are not used.
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Lesson 8
Getting Aquainted 1. A: Hello, my name is Ryan. I am an American. B: Hello, my name is Aysel. I am an Azerbaijani. 2. What is your name? What is your name? Where are you from? Where are you from? What are you? (Profession) What are you? (Profession) 3. A: Hello, what is your name? B: Hello, my name is Paul. A: How old are you? B: I am 22. A: Where are you from? B: I am from America. I am an American. A: What are you? B: I am a Peace Corps Volunteer. A: What are you doing? B: I am teaching English. 4. A: Hello, my name is Sandy. B: Hi, my name is Rauf. A: Nice to meet you. B: Nice to meet you too.
1. A: Salam, mnim adm Rayndr. Mn Amerikalyam. B: Salam, mnim adm Ayseldir. Mn Azrbaycanlyam. 2. Snin adn ndir? (informal) Sizin adnz ndir? (formal) Sn haralsan? (informal) Siz haralsnz? (formal) Sn nçisn? (informal) Siz nçisiniz? (formal) 3. A: Salam, snin adn ndir? B: Salam, mnim adm Poldur. A: Snin neç yan var? B: Mnim iyirmi iki (22) yam var. A: Sn haradansan? B: Mn Amerikadanam. Mn Amerikalyam. A: Sn nçisn? B: Mn Sülh Korpusu Könüllüsüym. A: Sn n edirsn? B: Mn ingilis dili öyrdirm. 4. A: Salam, mnim adm Sndidir. B: Salam, mnim adm Raufdur. A: Çox adam. B: Mn d çox adam.
Lesson 9 Introductions
1. This is Eric. He is my friend. This is my father. His name is Fuad. This is my mother. Her name is Nargiz. This is my sister. Her name is Fidan. This is my brother. His name is Samir. This is my director. His name is Vahid. Or Vahid muallim (teacher) is my director. 2. A: Please get acquainted, this is Vahid muallim (teacher). He is the director of our school. B: Hello, Vahid muallim. You are welcome. V: Thank you so much.
1. Bu Erikdir. O mnim dostumdur. Bu mnim atamdr. Onun ad Fuaddr. Bu mnim anamdr. Onun ad Nrgizdir. Bu mnim bacmdr. Onun ad Fidandr. Bu mnim qardamdr. Onun ad Samirdir. Bu mnin direktorumdur. Onun ad Vahiddir. Or Vahid müllim mnim direktorumdur. 2. A: Tan olun, Vahid müllim. O bizim mktbin direktorudur. B: Salam, Vahid müllim, xo glmisiniz. V: Çox sa olun.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Azerbaijanis typically use first names followed by a title. For women, the title Xanm (KHAH-nim) is used. It means "woman or lady" and does not indicate if the woman is married or single, much like the Western term, "Ms." Example: Nargiz xanm, Fidan xanm. The most frequently used titles for men are müllim (teacher) (moh-al-LIM) for a person related to academics or intellectual life or cnab (Jnab)(sir) for officials or by mostly used by opposition parties. Locals use “xanm” or “cnab” too when they address the high rank foreign officials.
Lesson 10
Politely Speaking
1. Thank you very much. Here you go. Please Sorry or Excuse me. Excuse me. 2. A: Please give me water. B: Here you go. A: Thank you so much. 3. Please shut the door. Please turn off the light. 4. A: Excuse me, where is the bathroom? B: Over there A: Thank you very much. 5. A: Sorry or Excuse me, how can I go to the post office? B: Go straight. A: Thank you so much. B: You are welcome.
1. Çox sa olun. Buyurun. Zhmt olmasa. Balayn. Üzr istyirm 2. A: Zhmt olmasa, mn su verin. B: Buyurun. A: Çox sa olun. 3. Zhmt olmasa, qapn ört. Zhmt olmasa, i söndür. 4. A: Balayn, tualet haradadr? B: Orada. A: Çox sa olun. 5. A: Üzr istyirm, poçta nec getmk olar? B: Düz gedin. A: Çox sa olun. B: Buyurun.
Lesson 11 Frequently Used Verbs- Commands
to come – come to go – go to sit – sit to eat – eat to drink – drink to stop – stop to speak – speak to take – take
Infinitive -- command glmk -- gl getmk -- get oturmaq -- otur yemk -- ye içmk -- iç dayanmaq -- dayan danmaq -- dan götürmk -- götür
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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to put – put to take away- take away to see – see to write – write to read – read to teach – teach to sleep – sleep to turn on – turn on to turn off – turn off to throw – throw to run – run to watch/see – watch/see to listen – listen to give -- give
qoymaq -- qoy aparmaq -- apar görmk -- gör yazmaq -- yaz oxumaq – oxu öyrtmk – öyrt yatmaq -- yat yandrmaq – yandr söndürmk – söndür atmaq – at qaçmaq – qaç baxmaq – bax qulaq asmaq -- qulaq as vermk -- ver
Lesson 12 Formal and Informal Command Forms
Note that, for commands, in formal and polite speech – in, -n,- un,- ün is added to the verb stem according to the vowel harmony.
For example: infinitive command informal command formal glmk (to come) gl (come) glin (come) qalmaq (to stay) qal (stay) qaln olmaq (to be) ol (be) olun görmk (to see) gör (see) görün oxumaq (to read) oxu (read) oxuyun Lesson 13 Present Tense
The present tense is formed by adding – (y)ir(r,ur,ür) to the verb root. For example: ilmk (to work) - il+y+ ir (works); glmk (to come)- gl+ir (comes); oxumaq (to read)- oxu+y+ ur (reads). The negative is formed by adding-ma,-m or -m to the root of the verb before adding the present tense suffix. For example: il+y+ir--------- il+M+ir (doesn’t work), gl+ir------- gl+M+ ir (doesn’t come). In order to indicate which person is carrying out the action, one of the personal suffixes is added:
person singular person plural 1st
Mn -am, -m ist+y+ir+m (I want) ist+M+ ir+m (I don’t want) oxu+ y+ur+ am (I read) oxu+M+ur+am (I don’t read)
Biz -ik,-q,-uq,-ük ist+y+ir+ik (we want) ist+M+ir+ik (we don’ want) oxu+y+ur+uq (we read) oxu+M+ur+uq (we don’t read)
2nd
Sn -san,-sn ist+y+ir+sn (You want) ist+M+ir+sn(you don’t want) oxu+y+ur+ san (you read) oxu+M+ur+san (you don’t read)
Siz -siniz, -snz, -sunuz,- sünüz ist+y+ir+siniz (you want) ist+M+ir+siniz (you don’t want)
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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oxu+y+ur+sunuz(you read) oxu+M+ur+sunuz (you don’t read)
3rd
O None ist+y+ir (He/ she wants) ist+M+ir (he/she doesn’t want) oxu+y+ur (he/she reads) oxu+M +ur (he/she doesn’t read)
Onlar -lar, -lr ist+y+ir+lr (they want) ist+M+ir(lr) (they don’t want) oxu+y+ur+lar (they read) oxu+M+ur(lar) (they don’t read)
Lesson 14
Expressing Needs and Asking About Price
1. I need water. I need a bathroom. I need to eat. I need to sleep I need to have a rest. I need to read. I need fruit. I need to buy clothes. I need to buy shoes. I need to get up early in the morning. I don’t need bread. I don’t need water. 2. I want cold water. I want to eat. I want to sleep. I want to go to the post office. I want to buy a mobile phone. I want cola. I want to be alone. I don’t want water. I don’t want to eat. I don’t eat meat. I don’t eat much butter/oil. I don’t drink. 3. How much is the water? How much is the apple? How much is the tomato? How much is the mineral water?
1. Mn su lazmdr. Mn tualet lazmdr. Mn yemk lazmdr. Mn yatmaq lazmdr. Mn dinclmk lazmdr. Mn oxumaq lazmdr. Mn meyv lazmdr. Mn paltar almaq lazmdr. Mn ayaqqab almaq lazmdr. Mn shr tez durmaq lazmdr. Mn çörk lazm deyil. Mn su lazm deyil. 2. Mn soyuq su istyirm. Mn yemk istyirm. Mn yatmaq istyirm. Mn poçta getmk istyirm. Mn mobil telefon almaq istyirm. Mn kola istyirm. Mn tk qalmaq istyirm. Mn su istmirm. Mn yemk istmirm. Mn t yemirm. Mn yal yemirm. Mn içmirm. 3. Su neçydir? Alma neçydir? Pomidor neçydir? Mineral su neçydir?
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Lesson 15
Asking Questions Who? What? Where? What is this? Who is that? When? How? What does it mean? Why?
Kim? N? Hara? Bu ndir? Kimdir? N vaxt? Nec? Bu n demkdir? Niy? N üçün?
Lesson 16
The Adjectives
cold hot sweet bitter tasty tasteless salty unsalted strong tea weak tea fresh old
soyuq isti irin ac dadl dadsz duzlu duzsuz tünd çay açq çay tz köhn
Lesson 17
Agreeing and Disagreeing
Yes No Yes No Absolutely right No, it is wrong. You are not right. You are right. You are wrong. I don’t agree. I agree. This is not true.
Bli (formal) Xeyr (formal) H (informal) Yox (informal) Tamamil düzdür. Xeyr, shvdir. Sn(siz) düz deyilsn (siz) Sn(siz) düz deyirsn. or Sn düzsn. Sn (siz) shvsn Mn raz deyilm Mn razyam. Düz deyil.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Asking/Requesting for Something or Offering Assistance
Can/could you open the door? Can/could you open the window? Can/could you tell? Can/could I make a call? May I come? Can I open? Can I help? You cannot! Shall I call? Shall I go? Shall I help you?
Qapn aça bilrsiniz? Pncrni aça bilrsiniz? Dey bilrsiniz? Zng ed bilrm? Glmk olar? Açmaq olar? Kömk ed bilrm? Olmaz! Zng edim? Gedim? Kömk edim?
Lesson 19
Talking about language abilities
I don’t know Azerbaijani I know very little Azerbaijani I can speak a little. Do you know English? I am sorry, I don’t understand. Do you understand? I am an American I don’t know Azerbaijani. Please speak a little slower I don’t understand.
Mn Azrbaycan dilini bilmirm. Mn Azrbaycan dilind çox az bilirm. Mn bir az dana bilirm. Sn (siz) ingilisc bilirsn (siz)? Balayn, baa dümürm. Baa düürsn? Mn Amerikalyam, Azrbaycan dilind dana bilmirm. Bir az yava dan, baa dümürm.
Lesson 20
Asking for Directions
1. A: Excuse me, where is the bathroom (toilet)? B: Go straight. A: Thank you so much. 2. A: Where is the bathroom B: Turn to the right. 3. A: Where can I wash my hands? B: In the bathroom. A: Is there any soap? B: Yes, it is over there. 4. A: Excuse me, where is cafe? B: In the center.
1. A: Balayn, tualet haradadr? B: Düz gedin. A: Çox sa olun. 2. A: Hamam haradadr? B: Saa dönün. 3. A: limi harada yuya bilrm? B: Hamamda. A: Sabun var? B: H oradadr. 4. A: Balayn, kafe haradadr? B: Mrkzd.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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5. A: Where is the bazaar? B: Go straight, it is on the right side. A: Thank you very much. B: Not at all. 6. A: Where is the shop? B: Turn to the left.
5. A: Bazar haradadr? B: Düz gedin, sada. A: Çox sa olun. B: Dymz. 6. A: Maaza haradadr? B: Sola dönün.
Lesson 21
Conversation With the Host Family
1. A: Are you hungry? B: Yes, a little. I want to eat bread, cheese and a vegetable salad. 2. A: Come and have a lunch. B: I am not hungry. I don’t want to eat. I want water. 3. A: Shall I help you? B: No, thank you. I will do myself. 4. Where shall I wash my clothes? Where shall I hang my clothes? Where can I drink water? Is the water boiled? I cannot eat this meal. How can I heat the water? The hot water is not running. The water is not running. There is no toilet paper. There is no soap. There is no electricity. I have a headache. I have a toothache. I have a diarrhea. I have a sore throat. I am sick. I feel bad.
1. A: Acsan? B: H (bli), bir az. Mn çörk, pendir v trvz salat yemk istyirm. 2. A: Gl yemk ye. B: Mn ac deyilm. Yemk istmirm. Su istyirm. 3. A: Siz kömk edim? B: Yox sa ol. Mn özüm edrm. 4. Paltarm harada yuyum? Paltarm haradan asm? Su haradan iç bilrm? Su qaynayb? Mn bu yemyi yey bilmirm. Suyu nec qzdrm? sti su glmir. Su glmir. Tualet kaz yoxdur. Sabun yoxdur. q yanmr. Bam aryr. Diim aryr. Qarnm aryr. Boazm aryr. Xstym. Ozümü pis hiss edirm.
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Lesson 22
Expressing Likes and Dislikes 1. A: Do you like fruit? B: Yes, I like fruit. 2. A: Do you like milk? B: No, I don’t like milk/ 3. A: What do you like? B: I like tomato, cucumber, watermelon. 4. A: What don’t you like? B: I don’t like tea. 5. I don’t like too much butter/oil
1. A: Meyv xolayrsan? B: Bli, mn meyv xolayram. 2. A: Süd xolayrsan? B: Xeyr, mn süd xolamram. 3. A: Sn n xolayrsan? B: Mn pomidor, xiyar , qarpz xolayram. 4. A: Sn n xolamrsan? B: Mn çay xolamram. 5. Yal yemk xolamram.
Lesson 23
Numerals
0 - sfr 1 - bir 2 - iki 3 - üç 4 - dörd 5 - be 6 - alt 7 - yeddi 8 - skkiz 9 - doqquz 10 - on
11 - on bir 12 - on iki 13 - on üç 14 - on dörd 15 - on be 16 - on alt 17 - on yeddi 18 - on skkiz 19 - on doqquz 20 - iyirmi 21 - iyirmi bir 22 - iyirmi iki 23 - iyirmi üç etc.
10 - on 20 - iyirmi 30 - otuz 40 - qrx 50 - lli 60 - altm 70 - yetmi 80 - sksn 90 - doxsan 100 - yüz 200 - iki yüz 300 - üç yüz etc.
1000 - min 2 000 - iki min 3 000 - üç min 4 000 - dörd min 5 000 - be min 6 000 - alt min 7000 - yeddi min 8 000 - skkiz min 9 000 - doqquz min 1 000 000 - bir milyon 1 000 000 000 - bir milyard
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Lesson 1
Azerbaijani Alphabet
Vowel Harmony
Lesson 2
Personal Pronouns
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Lesson 13
Present Tense
Lesson 14
Lesson 15
Asking Questions
Lesson 16
The Adjectives
Lesson 17
Lesson 19
Lesson 22
LESSON 1 ..............................................................................................................................5
PERSONAL PRONOUNS .................................................................................6 TO BE SUFFIXES IN THE PRESENT TENSE........................................................6
LESSON 3 NEGATIVE AND AFFIRMATIVE FORMS OF ‘TO BE’ IN PRESENT ................7
LESSON 4 ..............................................................................................................................7
OTHER EXPRESSIONS USED FOR GREETING ....................................................8 LESSON 6 ..............................................................................................................................8
2
3
Brief Introduction to the Azerbaijani Language The Azerbaijani language is the official language of the Azerbaijan Republic. Azerbaijani is spoken by about 8 million people in Azerbaijan Republic and generally by 50 million people all over the world. Azerbaijani is a member of the Turkic branch of the Altaic language family, which includes about 20 languages. Close to 150 million people speak these languages in the area that stretches from the Adriatic Sea in the west to Mongolia, Siberia and China in the east. Specifically, Azerbaijani belongs to the Oghuz Seljuk sub-group, along with (Osmanli) Turkish. Other well-known members of the Turkic branch include: Uzbek, Kipchak, Kyrgyz, Tatar, and Kazakh. The Turkic languages closely resemble each other and form a complex of mutually intelligible dialects. Characteristic features of the Azerbaijani language are:
• Like all of the Turkic languages, Azerbaijani is agglutinative, that is, grammatical functions are indicated by adding various suffixes to fixed stems.
• Separate suffixes on nouns indicate both gender and number, but there is no grammatical gender.
• Absence of initial and final consonant clusters (with some exceptions for the final consonant clusters)
• Absence of articles • Instead of prepositions, it uses postpositions . For example: Anam il = with my
mother • Nouns are inflected for case. There are five case endings. • It is subject-object-verb language • It has a vowel harmony The Azerbaijani language has 32 letters. Stress always falls on the last syllable.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Lesson 1 Azerbaijani Alphabet
Hrflr Letters Nümunlr (Examples)
As in the word
() Ata, imla (father, dictation) Father Bb (b) Böyük, mktb (big, school) Big Cc (c) Cavab, c (answer, tree) Jam Çç (ç) Çy, çiçk (tea, flower) Check Dd (d) Da, qnd (mountain, sugar) Day () Elm, neft (science, oil) End, elephant () , drs (meat, lesson) Man, bad Ff (f) fhl, arf Factory, scarf Gg (ge) gmi, gün (close to English “g” in
“give, singer”)
(e) Olan, ba (boy, garden) ( close to French “r”in “pardon”)
Hh (h) hft, hava (week, air) Hand, here () xrit, yax (close to Scottish
“ch”in “loch”) Hobby
I () Bçaq, balq (knife, fish)(close to English “y”in ”symbol”)
i (i) Indi, ink (now, cow) Beach, leave Jj (j) Jurnal, qaraj (magazine, garage) Garage, massage () Kartof, fizika (potato, physics) Cat ,class, cabbage Qq (q) Qap, qaq (door, spoon) Go, get Ll (el) Lampa, palto (lamp, coat) Lamp, lemon Mm (m) Mavi, pambq (blue, cotton) Map, machine Nn (n) Ana, nahar (mother, dinner) Nine, next () otaq, orta (room, middle) Boss, often Öö (ö) çörk, ördk (bread, duck) Burn, earn Pp (p) pncr, pendir (window, cheese) Pen, pencil Rr (r) Radio, armud (radio, pear) Red Ss (s) Süd, su (milk, water) City, side () orba, am (soup, candle) Shy, shine Tt (t) Tarix, mtn (history, text) Text, time Uu (u) Uaq, qum (child, sand) Moon, soup Ü ü (ü) Üzüm, üz (grape, face)(very close
to German - übung)
Vv (v) Valideyn, divar (parents, wall) Vital, vast Yy (y) Yay, yeni (summer, new) Yes, yesterday Zz (z) Maaza, zavod (shop, plant) Zebra, zero
Vowel Harmony
In Azerbaijani there is a phenomenon called vowel harmony in which the vowels of suffixes must harmonize with the vowels of noun and verb stems, for example, if the stem has a hard vowel (a, , o, u), then the vowel of the suffix must be hard; if the stem has a soft vowel (e, , i, ö, ü), then the suffix must be soft. For example:
kitab+ lar (lar- plural suffix) kitab+ n (Genetive case) zavod+ un (Genetive case) gül+lr (plural) mktb+ (dative case)
books book’s plant’s flowers to school
Note: Though this concept may be difficult to understand at first, Peace Corps Language trainers will work with you during Pre-Service Training to help you understand.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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I You He/she/it We You They
Mn Sn O Biz Siz Onlar
“To be” suffixes in the Present Tense To convey the same meaning of the English “to be” Azerbaijani has different words and suffixes. The most common of them are the personal suffixes that attach to nouns, adjectives, and locations and express the meaning of “to be + noun/adjective/adverb”. For example:
• Bu kitabdr = It is a book. • O, qz qngdir = That girl is beautiful. • Kitab rf+d+dir = The book is on the shelf (note that ” d” here indicates location.).
Negative is formed by the word “deyil”. For example:
• Bu kitab deyil = This is not a book. • Kitab rfd deyil = The book is not on the shelf. • O qz qng deyil = That girl is not beautiful.
See below for endings used with different persons:
Personal Pronoun
Singular Plural
1st person Mn – (y)am, - (y)m Mn hkim+m (I am a doctor) Mn all+y+am ( I am clever)
Biz – (y)q, (y)ik, (y)uq, (y)ük Biz hkim+ ik (We are doctors) Biz all+y+ q (We are clever)
2nd person Sn -- san, sn Sn hkim+sn (You are a doctor) Sn all+ san (You are clever)
Snz4 or (shorter form)– sz, siz, suz, süz Siz hkim+siniz(siz) (You are doctors) Siz all+snz(sz) (You are clever)
3rd person O – dr, dir, dur, dür O hkim+ dir (He/she is a doctor) O all+ dr (He/she is clever)
Onlar – dr, dir, dur, dür Onlar hkim+dir(lr). (They are doctors) Onlar all+dr (lar) (They are clever)
Note that ‘y’ is a connecting consonant, which is used between two vowels. For example: Mn güclü+y+m = I am strong.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Negative and Affirmative Forms of ‘to be’ in Present
I am a teacher -- I am not a teacher. You are a doctor – You are not a doctor. He/she is a driver -- He/she is not a driver. We are Volunteers -- We are not Volunteers. You are Trainees – You are not Trainees. They are workers -- They are not workers.
Mn müllimm – Mn müllim deyil+m. Sn hkimsn – Sn hkim deyil+sn. O sürücüdür- O sürücü deyil. Biz könüllüyük – Biz könüllü deyil+ik. Siz tlimçisiniz (siz) – Siz tlimçi deyil+siniz. Onlar fhldir(lr) – Onlar fhl deyil+(lr).
Lesson 4
How to greet and respond to a greeting
English Azerbaijani Dialogue-1 A: - Hello! B: - Hello A: - How are you? B: - I am fine, thank you very much. How are you? A: - I am fine too. Thank you. Dialogue- 2 A: - Hi! How are you? B: - I am fine, thank you. How are you? A: - I am fine too. How are things? B: - Not bad. How is everything with you? A: - Fine. Dialogue – 3 A: - Hello! How are things? B: - Hello! Everything is OK. How are things in your life? A: - Thanks God, everything is fine. (lit. all are in good health) Dialogue – 4 A: - Hello! Are you OK? B: - Yes, I am fine. And you? A: - I am fine too. Dialogue – 5 A: - Hello, how are you? B: - Hi, very bad. A: - Why, what happened? B: - It is very hot.
Dialoq-1 A: - Salam! B: - Salam! A: - Necsiniz? (formal) B: - Yaxyam, çox sa olun. Siz necsiniz? A: - Mn d yaxyam. Sa olun. Dialoq- 2 A: - Salam! Necsn? (informal) B: - Yaxyam, sa ol. Sn necsn? A: - Mn d yaxyam. lrin necdir? B: - Pis deyil. Snin ilrin necdir? A: - Yaxdr. Dialoq –3 A: - Salam! N var, n yox? B: - Hr ey yaxdr. Sizd n var, n yox? A: - ükür ALLAHA, salamatçlqdr. Dialoq – 4 A: - Salam! Yaxsanm? B: - H, yaxyam. Bs sn? A: - Mn d yaxyam. Dialoq – 5 A: - Salam, necsn? B: - Salam, çox pis. A: - Niy, n olub? B: - Çox istidir.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Good morning Good day Good evening Hello Welcome
Sabahnz xeyir. Gün aydn. Axamnz xeyir. Salamleyküm. Xo glmisiniz.
Saying “salam” when you meet people is very important for Azerbaijanis. When someone doesn’t say “salam,” people say: “Where is your salam? You don’t even say God’s salam.” “Necsn?” (informal) or “Necsiz?” (formal) is used when people know each other. Note that “sn2” is used for informal; “siz4 or siniz” is used for formal address for the second person singular. For example: yaxsan? (informal), yazsnz? (formal).
Lesson 6
Saying Good- bye
1. A: Good- bye B: Good-bye, you are welcome. 2. A: Good – bye B: Good luck. 3. A: Good- bye. So long. B: So long. Good –bye. 4. A: Good night. B: Good night. 5. A: Good – bye. See you later. B: See you later.
1. A: Sa olun. B: Sa olun. Xo gldiniz. 2. A: Salamat qaln. B: Yax yol. 3. A: Sa olun. Hllik. B: Hllik. Sa olun. 4. A: Gecniz xeyr qalsn. B: Xeyr qar. 5. A: Sa olun, görürik. B: Görürik.
Lesson 7
Possessive Pronouns/Possessive
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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In Azerbaijani, Possession contains two parts: possessor and possessed. The possessor is a noun or a pronoun in genitive case: mnim (my), snin (your), bacmn (my sister’s) etc. and possessed is a noun that has possessive suffixes: anam (my mother), qardan(your brother), atas (his/her father). For example: Mnim bacm (My sister). Snin bacn (Your sister). Onun bacs (His/her sister). Bizim bacmz (Our sister). Sizin bacnz (Your sister). Onlarn bacs (Their sister).
Possessive Suffixes
Persons Suffixes Mnim
()m, - (i)m, - (u)m, - (ü)m kitab+m (my book) dftr+im (my notebook) yaz+m (my writing) üz+üm (my face)
Bizim - ()mz, - (i)miz, - (u)muz, (ü)müz
kitab+mz (our book) dftr+imiz (our notebook) yaz+mz (our writing) üz+ümüz (our face)
Snin - ()n, - (i)n, -(u)n, - (ü)n
kitab+n (your book) dftr+in (your notebook) yaz+n (your writing) üz+ün (your face)
Sizin - ()nz, - (i)niz, - (u)nuz,- (ü)nüz
kitab+nz (your book) dftr+iniz (your notebook) yaz+nz (your writing) üz+ünüz (your face)
Onun - (s),- (s)i,- (s)u,- (s)ü (note that “s” is a connecting consonant and is added when the word ends in a vowel - ata+s+)
kitab+ (his/her book) dftr+i (his/her notebook) yaz+s (his/her writing) üz+ü (his/her face)
Onlarn - (s),- (s)i,- (s)u,- (s)ü
- lar, - lri kitab+ or kitab+lar (their books) dftr+i/dftrlri (their notebooks) yaz+s/yazlar (their writings) üz+ü/üzlri (their faces) Note that –lar, -lr are plural suffixes. In Azerbaijani they are used if the possessed is plural. If the possessed is singular the plural suffixes are not used.
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Lesson 8
Getting Aquainted 1. A: Hello, my name is Ryan. I am an American. B: Hello, my name is Aysel. I am an Azerbaijani. 2. What is your name? What is your name? Where are you from? Where are you from? What are you? (Profession) What are you? (Profession) 3. A: Hello, what is your name? B: Hello, my name is Paul. A: How old are you? B: I am 22. A: Where are you from? B: I am from America. I am an American. A: What are you? B: I am a Peace Corps Volunteer. A: What are you doing? B: I am teaching English. 4. A: Hello, my name is Sandy. B: Hi, my name is Rauf. A: Nice to meet you. B: Nice to meet you too.
1. A: Salam, mnim adm Rayndr. Mn Amerikalyam. B: Salam, mnim adm Ayseldir. Mn Azrbaycanlyam. 2. Snin adn ndir? (informal) Sizin adnz ndir? (formal) Sn haralsan? (informal) Siz haralsnz? (formal) Sn nçisn? (informal) Siz nçisiniz? (formal) 3. A: Salam, snin adn ndir? B: Salam, mnim adm Poldur. A: Snin neç yan var? B: Mnim iyirmi iki (22) yam var. A: Sn haradansan? B: Mn Amerikadanam. Mn Amerikalyam. A: Sn nçisn? B: Mn Sülh Korpusu Könüllüsüym. A: Sn n edirsn? B: Mn ingilis dili öyrdirm. 4. A: Salam, mnim adm Sndidir. B: Salam, mnim adm Raufdur. A: Çox adam. B: Mn d çox adam.
Lesson 9 Introductions
1. This is Eric. He is my friend. This is my father. His name is Fuad. This is my mother. Her name is Nargiz. This is my sister. Her name is Fidan. This is my brother. His name is Samir. This is my director. His name is Vahid. Or Vahid muallim (teacher) is my director. 2. A: Please get acquainted, this is Vahid muallim (teacher). He is the director of our school. B: Hello, Vahid muallim. You are welcome. V: Thank you so much.
1. Bu Erikdir. O mnim dostumdur. Bu mnim atamdr. Onun ad Fuaddr. Bu mnim anamdr. Onun ad Nrgizdir. Bu mnim bacmdr. Onun ad Fidandr. Bu mnim qardamdr. Onun ad Samirdir. Bu mnin direktorumdur. Onun ad Vahiddir. Or Vahid müllim mnim direktorumdur. 2. A: Tan olun, Vahid müllim. O bizim mktbin direktorudur. B: Salam, Vahid müllim, xo glmisiniz. V: Çox sa olun.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Azerbaijanis typically use first names followed by a title. For women, the title Xanm (KHAH-nim) is used. It means "woman or lady" and does not indicate if the woman is married or single, much like the Western term, "Ms." Example: Nargiz xanm, Fidan xanm. The most frequently used titles for men are müllim (teacher) (moh-al-LIM) for a person related to academics or intellectual life or cnab (Jnab)(sir) for officials or by mostly used by opposition parties. Locals use “xanm” or “cnab” too when they address the high rank foreign officials.
Lesson 10
Politely Speaking
1. Thank you very much. Here you go. Please Sorry or Excuse me. Excuse me. 2. A: Please give me water. B: Here you go. A: Thank you so much. 3. Please shut the door. Please turn off the light. 4. A: Excuse me, where is the bathroom? B: Over there A: Thank you very much. 5. A: Sorry or Excuse me, how can I go to the post office? B: Go straight. A: Thank you so much. B: You are welcome.
1. Çox sa olun. Buyurun. Zhmt olmasa. Balayn. Üzr istyirm 2. A: Zhmt olmasa, mn su verin. B: Buyurun. A: Çox sa olun. 3. Zhmt olmasa, qapn ört. Zhmt olmasa, i söndür. 4. A: Balayn, tualet haradadr? B: Orada. A: Çox sa olun. 5. A: Üzr istyirm, poçta nec getmk olar? B: Düz gedin. A: Çox sa olun. B: Buyurun.
Lesson 11 Frequently Used Verbs- Commands
to come – come to go – go to sit – sit to eat – eat to drink – drink to stop – stop to speak – speak to take – take
Infinitive -- command glmk -- gl getmk -- get oturmaq -- otur yemk -- ye içmk -- iç dayanmaq -- dayan danmaq -- dan götürmk -- götür
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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to put – put to take away- take away to see – see to write – write to read – read to teach – teach to sleep – sleep to turn on – turn on to turn off – turn off to throw – throw to run – run to watch/see – watch/see to listen – listen to give -- give
qoymaq -- qoy aparmaq -- apar görmk -- gör yazmaq -- yaz oxumaq – oxu öyrtmk – öyrt yatmaq -- yat yandrmaq – yandr söndürmk – söndür atmaq – at qaçmaq – qaç baxmaq – bax qulaq asmaq -- qulaq as vermk -- ver
Lesson 12 Formal and Informal Command Forms
Note that, for commands, in formal and polite speech – in, -n,- un,- ün is added to the verb stem according to the vowel harmony.
For example: infinitive command informal command formal glmk (to come) gl (come) glin (come) qalmaq (to stay) qal (stay) qaln olmaq (to be) ol (be) olun görmk (to see) gör (see) görün oxumaq (to read) oxu (read) oxuyun Lesson 13 Present Tense
The present tense is formed by adding – (y)ir(r,ur,ür) to the verb root. For example: ilmk (to work) - il+y+ ir (works); glmk (to come)- gl+ir (comes); oxumaq (to read)- oxu+y+ ur (reads). The negative is formed by adding-ma,-m or -m to the root of the verb before adding the present tense suffix. For example: il+y+ir--------- il+M+ir (doesn’t work), gl+ir------- gl+M+ ir (doesn’t come). In order to indicate which person is carrying out the action, one of the personal suffixes is added:
person singular person plural 1st
Mn -am, -m ist+y+ir+m (I want) ist+M+ ir+m (I don’t want) oxu+ y+ur+ am (I read) oxu+M+ur+am (I don’t read)
Biz -ik,-q,-uq,-ük ist+y+ir+ik (we want) ist+M+ir+ik (we don’ want) oxu+y+ur+uq (we read) oxu+M+ur+uq (we don’t read)
2nd
Sn -san,-sn ist+y+ir+sn (You want) ist+M+ir+sn(you don’t want) oxu+y+ur+ san (you read) oxu+M+ur+san (you don’t read)
Siz -siniz, -snz, -sunuz,- sünüz ist+y+ir+siniz (you want) ist+M+ir+siniz (you don’t want)
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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oxu+y+ur+sunuz(you read) oxu+M+ur+sunuz (you don’t read)
3rd
O None ist+y+ir (He/ she wants) ist+M+ir (he/she doesn’t want) oxu+y+ur (he/she reads) oxu+M +ur (he/she doesn’t read)
Onlar -lar, -lr ist+y+ir+lr (they want) ist+M+ir(lr) (they don’t want) oxu+y+ur+lar (they read) oxu+M+ur(lar) (they don’t read)
Lesson 14
Expressing Needs and Asking About Price
1. I need water. I need a bathroom. I need to eat. I need to sleep I need to have a rest. I need to read. I need fruit. I need to buy clothes. I need to buy shoes. I need to get up early in the morning. I don’t need bread. I don’t need water. 2. I want cold water. I want to eat. I want to sleep. I want to go to the post office. I want to buy a mobile phone. I want cola. I want to be alone. I don’t want water. I don’t want to eat. I don’t eat meat. I don’t eat much butter/oil. I don’t drink. 3. How much is the water? How much is the apple? How much is the tomato? How much is the mineral water?
1. Mn su lazmdr. Mn tualet lazmdr. Mn yemk lazmdr. Mn yatmaq lazmdr. Mn dinclmk lazmdr. Mn oxumaq lazmdr. Mn meyv lazmdr. Mn paltar almaq lazmdr. Mn ayaqqab almaq lazmdr. Mn shr tez durmaq lazmdr. Mn çörk lazm deyil. Mn su lazm deyil. 2. Mn soyuq su istyirm. Mn yemk istyirm. Mn yatmaq istyirm. Mn poçta getmk istyirm. Mn mobil telefon almaq istyirm. Mn kola istyirm. Mn tk qalmaq istyirm. Mn su istmirm. Mn yemk istmirm. Mn t yemirm. Mn yal yemirm. Mn içmirm. 3. Su neçydir? Alma neçydir? Pomidor neçydir? Mineral su neçydir?
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Lesson 15
Asking Questions Who? What? Where? What is this? Who is that? When? How? What does it mean? Why?
Kim? N? Hara? Bu ndir? Kimdir? N vaxt? Nec? Bu n demkdir? Niy? N üçün?
Lesson 16
The Adjectives
cold hot sweet bitter tasty tasteless salty unsalted strong tea weak tea fresh old
soyuq isti irin ac dadl dadsz duzlu duzsuz tünd çay açq çay tz köhn
Lesson 17
Agreeing and Disagreeing
Yes No Yes No Absolutely right No, it is wrong. You are not right. You are right. You are wrong. I don’t agree. I agree. This is not true.
Bli (formal) Xeyr (formal) H (informal) Yox (informal) Tamamil düzdür. Xeyr, shvdir. Sn(siz) düz deyilsn (siz) Sn(siz) düz deyirsn. or Sn düzsn. Sn (siz) shvsn Mn raz deyilm Mn razyam. Düz deyil.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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Asking/Requesting for Something or Offering Assistance
Can/could you open the door? Can/could you open the window? Can/could you tell? Can/could I make a call? May I come? Can I open? Can I help? You cannot! Shall I call? Shall I go? Shall I help you?
Qapn aça bilrsiniz? Pncrni aça bilrsiniz? Dey bilrsiniz? Zng ed bilrm? Glmk olar? Açmaq olar? Kömk ed bilrm? Olmaz! Zng edim? Gedim? Kömk edim?
Lesson 19
Talking about language abilities
I don’t know Azerbaijani I know very little Azerbaijani I can speak a little. Do you know English? I am sorry, I don’t understand. Do you understand? I am an American I don’t know Azerbaijani. Please speak a little slower I don’t understand.
Mn Azrbaycan dilini bilmirm. Mn Azrbaycan dilind çox az bilirm. Mn bir az dana bilirm. Sn (siz) ingilisc bilirsn (siz)? Balayn, baa dümürm. Baa düürsn? Mn Amerikalyam, Azrbaycan dilind dana bilmirm. Bir az yava dan, baa dümürm.
Lesson 20
Asking for Directions
1. A: Excuse me, where is the bathroom (toilet)? B: Go straight. A: Thank you so much. 2. A: Where is the bathroom B: Turn to the right. 3. A: Where can I wash my hands? B: In the bathroom. A: Is there any soap? B: Yes, it is over there. 4. A: Excuse me, where is cafe? B: In the center.
1. A: Balayn, tualet haradadr? B: Düz gedin. A: Çox sa olun. 2. A: Hamam haradadr? B: Saa dönün. 3. A: limi harada yuya bilrm? B: Hamamda. A: Sabun var? B: H oradadr. 4. A: Balayn, kafe haradadr? B: Mrkzd.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
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5. A: Where is the bazaar? B: Go straight, it is on the right side. A: Thank you very much. B: Not at all. 6. A: Where is the shop? B: Turn to the left.
5. A: Bazar haradadr? B: Düz gedin, sada. A: Çox sa olun. B: Dymz. 6. A: Maaza haradadr? B: Sola dönün.
Lesson 21
Conversation With the Host Family
1. A: Are you hungry? B: Yes, a little. I want to eat bread, cheese and a vegetable salad. 2. A: Come and have a lunch. B: I am not hungry. I don’t want to eat. I want water. 3. A: Shall I help you? B: No, thank you. I will do myself. 4. Where shall I wash my clothes? Where shall I hang my clothes? Where can I drink water? Is the water boiled? I cannot eat this meal. How can I heat the water? The hot water is not running. The water is not running. There is no toilet paper. There is no soap. There is no electricity. I have a headache. I have a toothache. I have a diarrhea. I have a sore throat. I am sick. I feel bad.
1. A: Acsan? B: H (bli), bir az. Mn çörk, pendir v trvz salat yemk istyirm. 2. A: Gl yemk ye. B: Mn ac deyilm. Yemk istmirm. Su istyirm. 3. A: Siz kömk edim? B: Yox sa ol. Mn özüm edrm. 4. Paltarm harada yuyum? Paltarm haradan asm? Su haradan iç bilrm? Su qaynayb? Mn bu yemyi yey bilmirm. Suyu nec qzdrm? sti su glmir. Su glmir. Tualet kaz yoxdur. Sabun yoxdur. q yanmr. Bam aryr. Diim aryr. Qarnm aryr. Boazm aryr. Xstym. Ozümü pis hiss edirm.
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
16
Lesson 22
Expressing Likes and Dislikes 1. A: Do you like fruit? B: Yes, I like fruit. 2. A: Do you like milk? B: No, I don’t like milk/ 3. A: What do you like? B: I like tomato, cucumber, watermelon. 4. A: What don’t you like? B: I don’t like tea. 5. I don’t like too much butter/oil
1. A: Meyv xolayrsan? B: Bli, mn meyv xolayram. 2. A: Süd xolayrsan? B: Xeyr, mn süd xolamram. 3. A: Sn n xolayrsan? B: Mn pomidor, xiyar , qarpz xolayram. 4. A: Sn n xolamrsan? B: Mn çay xolamram. 5. Yal yemk xolamram.
Lesson 23
Numerals
0 - sfr 1 - bir 2 - iki 3 - üç 4 - dörd 5 - be 6 - alt 7 - yeddi 8 - skkiz 9 - doqquz 10 - on
11 - on bir 12 - on iki 13 - on üç 14 - on dörd 15 - on be 16 - on alt 17 - on yeddi 18 - on skkiz 19 - on doqquz 20 - iyirmi 21 - iyirmi bir 22 - iyirmi iki 23 - iyirmi üç etc.
10 - on 20 - iyirmi 30 - otuz 40 - qrx 50 - lli 60 - altm 70 - yetmi 80 - sksn 90 - doxsan 100 - yüz 200 - iki yüz 300 - üç yüz etc.
1000 - min 2 000 - iki min 3 000 - üç min 4 000 - dörd min 5 000 - be min 6 000 - alt min 7000 - yeddi min 8 000 - skkiz min 9 000 - doqquz min 1 000 000 - bir milyon 1 000 000 000 - bir milyard
Intro to the Azerbaijan Language, Peace Corps/Azerbaijan
17
Lesson 1
Azerbaijani Alphabet
Vowel Harmony
Lesson 2
Personal Pronouns
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Lesson 13
Present Tense
Lesson 14
Lesson 15
Asking Questions
Lesson 16
The Adjectives
Lesson 17
Lesson 19
Lesson 22