b2gold - swiss resource capital ag bto cn outperform price (at close#, 17 jun 2013) c$2.24 valuation...
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CANADA
BTO CN Outperform
Price (at CLOSE#, 17 Jun 2013) C$2.24
Valuation C$ 3.72 - DCF (WACC 5.0%)
12-month target C$ 3.75
12-month TSR % +67.4
Volatility Index High
GICS sector Materials
Market cap C$m 1,499
Market cap US$m 1,474
30-day avg turnover C$m 8.0
Number shares on issue m 669.0
Investment fundamentals Year end 31 Dec 2012A 2013E 2014E 2015E
Revenue m 259.1 566.4 579.9 775.7 EBITDA m 110.5 168.8 211.5 307.3 Reported profit m 51.9 95.5 139.0 188.7 CFPS US$ 0.30 0.32 0.20 0.43 EPS rep US$ 0.13 0.15 0.21 0.28
BTO CN vs TSX, & rec history
Note: Recommendation timeline - if not a continuous line, then there was no Macquarie coverage at the time or there was an embargo period.
Source: FactSet, Macquarie Research, June 2013
(all figures in USD unless noted)
17 June 2013 Macquarie Capital Markets Canada Ltd.
B2Gold Site visit – Masbate is a giant Event
Site visit provides a comprehensive asset review. Last week, we attended B2Gold‟s first site visit to its flagship Masbate gold mine, Masbate Province, Philippines. As expressed in our initial takeaways research note on 3 June (LINK), our overall impression was very positive for exploration upside, plant optimization, and expansion opportunities.
Philippines mining jurisdiction offers opportunities and challenges. We expect B2Gold will be successful in the Philippines on the strength of CGA Mining‟s initial track record at Masbate, but patience will be required.
Impact
Strong positive. Highlights include:
Plant optimization and mine planning progressing well – expansion study at YE. Ongoing work on recoveries via fine grinding and variable residence times is an important step to ensure maximum recoveries are achieved. We model a +50kozpa expansion in 2016.
Large exploration potential. With a plethora of exceptional targets, all permitted for drilling within its Mining Licence, B2Gold is well positioned for the documentation of near-pit resources and the discovery of raw, potentially game-changing new zones associated with regional targets.
Strong management on site complemented by B2Gold resources and management depth. The site visit was hosted by CEO Clive Johnson. Key presentations were given by Country Manager, Cris Acosta (was with CGA Mining). The ability to rely on operational input among a broad-based management team is clearly serving the Masbate team well.
Earnings and target price revision
Our target increases to $3.75 (was $3.50) based on our increased confidence of a longer mine life at Masbate and projection of an additional five years of higher grade. There are only minor changes to our earnings estimates.
Price catalyst
12-month price target: C$3.75 based on a DCF methodology.
Catalyst: Production guidance and updated reserve estimate (~July); 2Q13
results; exploration drill results – multiple projects (ongoing).
Action and recommendation
We recommend B2Gold with an Outperform rating and $3.75 target (was $3.50) and view 2013/14 as a transition/optimization stage for the Masbate asset. We value the company by sum-of-parts NAV with mainly DCF5% models using the forward curve and long-term gold price. B2Gold is a top pick amongst our intermediate gold producers.
This report was prepared by Macquarie Capital Markets Canada Ltd and is being distributed by Macquarie Private Wealth Inc. Macquarie Private Wealth Inc and Macquarie Capital Markets Canada Ltdare separate affiliated corporate entities that are part of the Macquarie group of companies. Please refer to the important disclosures and analyst certification on the inside back cover of this document.
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 2
Purpose and introduction This research note is to provide a detailed summary of our 3 June 2013 site visit to B2Gold‟s flagship
Masbate gold mine located in Masbate Province, Philippines. This was our first opportunity to see
Masbate on the ground and gain an appreciation for the key opportunities and challenges.
We have also appended background information on the Philippines and mining in the Philippines as a
primer. Appendix A is largely derived from Michael Siperco‟s 25 March research from his OceanaGold
site visit (LINK) along with our Philippines research team‟s views on the mining sector from last year
(Hunting stocks – 6 March 2012 by RJ Aguirre).
Executive summary of Masbate site visit Key opportunities
Large exploration upside – Our assessment is that the exploration potential is one of the most
attractive features of Masbate. The deposit is a giant +10moz gold system, in our view. We expect
B2Gold will be able to not only extend mine life but also identify higher grades to potentially
increase production.
Optimization in the cards – A reclassification of the oxide/transitional/sulphide ores will
potentially enhance the mine plan scheduling and recoveries. We model a +50kozpa increase in
production by 2016 via mill expansion – B2Gold will have a BFS level study by YE and decide on
the scope of any expansion.
Expansion of the high grade – We concluded that based on the visibility of near-pit
mineralization, the ultimate reserve to be established at Masbate will likely add at least five years
to the high-grade +1g/tAu mine life (we have adjusted our model accordingly).
More deals to come in the Philippines – CEO Clive Johnson was clear that whenever B2Gold
enters a new country that it is rare to only do one deal (also echoed at the 14 June 2013 AGM).
We expect B2Gold to be opportunistic and seek high-quality projects via JV or M&A.
Key challenges
Complex ore body – The array of veins with multiple orientations at Masbate have an extensive
footprint and are characterized by both lower-grade gold as stockwork quartz vein mineralization
and by higher-grade quartz vein ore zones that punctuate the stockwork zones. The
oxide/transitional/sulphide ore and its importance due to variable mill recoveries makes it
important to document and complicates the picture.
Footprint for mine infrastructure – The mill is flanked by the open pits, waste piles, low-grade
stockpiles and the tailings management area. Despite a large property size, the main area being
mined has to be managed carefully to ensure waste is not moved very far and at the same time
that resources with near-pit potential can be accessed for mining.
Patience with Philippines politics in connection with the mining sector – While B2Gold has a
good MPSA agreement, the government is in the process of bringing new revisions to the Mining
Act for Congress to review. This has led to some investor uncertainty as to whether the
Philippines will remain a stable and fair tax regime (B2Gold lost $300m in market cap recently
based on a government official comment on a potential increased royalty). We believe the
Philippines government will ultimately embrace the mining sector as a source of growth and
foreign investment.
Mother Nature could deliver some curve balls – While not a high risk, the threat of disruptions
from typhoons, earthquakes or volcanic eruptions is real in the Philippines. The plant and tailings
management facility have both been built to withstand a reasonably strong earthquake, and the
stockpile should provide a backstop if heavy rains temporarily halt mining.
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 3
Synoptic overview of Masbate site visit
Good access and infrastructure, albeit higher cost HFO for power
The Masbate mine is reasonably well located on the north end of Masbate Island, Masbate Province
(Figs 11 & 13). Supplies are either barged into the port or flown into the company-owned airstrip.
Access to the mine from the port is via a short unpaved road. Labour is +70% from Masbate (as
mandated) and non-unionized.
Power is reasonably expensive at ~$0.19/kWh as the plant relies on heavy fuel oil (HFO) generators.
There does not appear to be a viable power alternative, therefore, B2Gold will look for ongoing power
savings, including improved cooling systems to reduce costs.
Optimization of Masbate – Numerous opportunities
New reserve and mine plan coming. With a marked difference in recovery depending on ore type,
the reclassification of oxide (93%* recovery) / transitional (86%* recovery) / sulphide ore (82%* recovery)
at Masbate was an initial priority for B2Gold (recoveries from 43-101 technical report). This is being
addressed by re-logging the core for visual sulphides and will be complemented by assaying for total
sulphur and potentially for cyanide soluble gold (see Fig 1 for photo). We see this as an important step
in optimizing production. In the revised estimate there will be at least 60km of new drilling
incorporated. For every 0.1g/tAu increase in head grades to the mill above our model, we estimate an
impact of $0.05 NAVPS.
Silver to be included in the next resource update – Silver has not historically been part of the
reserve and resource model at Masbate, as silver was not assayed for. B2Gold will establish silver
resources in the next estimate – we model 8moz Ag based on an approximate 1:1 Au to Ag ratio. The
silver by-product credit in 1Q13 was $1/oz.
Ongoing work to improve recoveries – Grind size and residence time are the most important factors
that impact gold recoveries at Masbate. The plant is currently grinding to 106 microns, and test work is
investigating a finer grind with various residence times in the leach tanks. With better characterization
of the oxide/transitional/sulphide ores, we expect better controls on recoveries. Reagents are
important too. In 3Q11, CGA Mining enhanced the plant recoveries by up to 5% by adding PbNO3 to
the leach circuit. Since that time, cyanide analysers have been added to control cyanide use and
further optimize recoveries (management indicates NaCN consumption of 0.50 to 0.52kgt on average).
For every 1% increase in gold recoveries at Masbate we estimate an impact of $0.06 NAVPS.
Mining equipment & sequence review – VP of Operations Dale Craig indicated that B2Gold will
likely change out 773 haul trucks for larger 775 haul trucks as one step to improve efficiency. The haul
roads will be reviewed along with a contractor review for any optimization opportunities. In conjunction
with the revised reserve estimate, the mine plan/sequence will be reviewed.
Purchasing power potential – One area that could see cost reductions is in the purchase of
reagents. For example, B2Gold purchases sodium cyanide (NaCN) for its Nicaragua and Philippines
operations from different Asian suppliers. The cost is $3,800–3,900/t and higher than for operations
that we cover in Mexico and the USA. By combining forces there may be savings on such contracts.
* for +1g/t ore
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 4
Fig 1 Masbate mining – Left side – Main pit viewing east. Note the old underground workings associated with the brown oxidized areas (highlighting the importance of logging these zones and establishing domains in the block model). Right side – grade control drilling at the Colorado pit.
Source: Company reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Expansion decision ...we’ll know the scope by YE
Masbate has the crushing capacity and mining fleet to ramp up production significantly. The key to an
expansion would be to increase grinding and tankage capacity. B2Gold management has indicated
that it is in the process of an FS level study that will contemplate mill expansion scenarios with the
goal of completing it by the end of 2013. As part of this study, $2m is earmarked for metallurgical test
work from additional drilling in key areas.
CGA Mining had conducted an internal PEA on an expansion that suggested an additional 100kozpa
was possible for $120m (management conference call disclosure). We believe this estimate might have
been aggressive and have modelled an expansion in 2016 to 25ktpd processing capacity for $75m. We
see upside in such an expansion especially given the excellent exploration potential on the property.
Macquarie production & cash cost forecasts for Masbate
We have highlighted our LOM production estimates for Masbate (Fig 2). Our 2013 forecast of
184kozAu is at the high end of B2Gold‟s guidance of 175koz to 185kozAu.
Note that our forecasts incorporate an expansion to the plant from 17.5ktpd to 25ktpd in 2016 that we
estimate would result in an additional 50kozpa. We believe this estimate could be conservative given
CGA Mining had conducted an internal PEA that suggested an additional 100koz might be possible at
a capital cost of $120m (CGA Mining acquisition conference call disclose).
Given the outstanding near-pit exploration upside, we have added an additional five years of high-
grade (~1g/t) production in our DCF5% model. Thus, we have not incorporated any higher-grade
discovery upside from regional targets, although we appreciate B2Gold will be focused on delivery of
such potential into the mine plan.
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 5
Fig 2 Masbate – Forecast of production and cash costs
Source: Macquarie Research, June 2013
Exploration upside is excellent – giant gold system at play
In Toronto at the PDAC this past March, when we listened to CEO Clive Johnson describe Masbate as
“La Libertad on Steroids,” it was easy to dismiss as hyperbole. However, after a review of the
geology with VP Exploration, Tom Garagan, in combination with our site visit – we concur. Masbate is
an extensive low sulphidation epithermal (LSE) gold system and is amongst the top-nine such
systems worldwide that we are aware of for size (+5mozAu LSE systems, Fig 3).
Fig 3 B2Gold – Masbate approaching +10mozAu giant status – We provide the +5mozAu low sulphidation epithermal gold systems, past production and resources with Masbate ranking #5 for size
Source: Company reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
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Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 6
B2Gold’s 2013 exploration budget for the Philippines is $11m. It is clear the 2013 exploration
program is designed to address the priorities of identifying: i) near-mine/near-surface oxide resources
(high recoveries); ii) near-mine high-grade zones (maintain grade throughput); and iii) new regional
discoveries to feed the mill. Feeding the mill with accretive ounces is a priority (see Fig 2).
Controls on mineralization important in the search for high grades. B2Gold is bringing to bear its
systematic exploration approach to Masbate. Areas of major vein intersections typically lead to the
development of thick veins/stockwork with local high-grade shoots (Fig 4). Significant sulphides (in
particular sooty pyrite) are also an important control for gold. It appears that there is a +/-300m boiling
window where gold has been developed so elevation control is important. The system appears to be
adularia-rich and could ultimately be a vectoring tool to identify upflow zones (+/-high grades) within this
extensive system. At this stage it is not clear to us until more lithogeochemistry is conducted whether
there is a more favourable andesite trap rock within the volcanic stratigraphy of clastics and flows.
Fig 4 Masbate Drill core photos – Left side - exemplifies the stockwork quartz-carbonate veins within sericite-altered (light brown) andesite host rocks (local areas with sooty pyrite have the best gold grades) – Right side – quartz vein breccia with vein fragments suggesting multigenerational vein system.
Source: Company Reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Top exploration targets. In Fig 5 we have summarized the top „near-pit‟ and „regional‟ Masbate targets
along with a plan map (Fig 6). We expect this target list to expand as new targets are identified.
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 7
Fig 5 B2Gold – Masbate near-pit and regional exploration targets
Near-pit target Previous work Results and target rationale Ranking and Macquarie comments
Pajo Hill Previously mined vein system over 3km
Highlight drill results include 28m @ 1.14g/t Au from 47m (PHRC012)
High potential & priority. Oxide mineralization with good recoveries. Only a short distance from the mill. We expect this target to be systematically drilled off to establish a resource.
Montana North Continuation of the Montana vein (70koz in production)
Exploration indicates a +700m strike length
Highlight drill results include 32m @ 1.54g/t Au from 44m vertical depths (PHRC010)
Moderate to High potential. Only 1.5km from the mill and within the MPSA permitted land area. Drill results and artisanal workings suggest high-grade open-pit potential.
Panique Exploration drilling Exploration indicates a +1.5km strike length to be tested
Drilling results include 37m @ 22.32g/t Au from 120m (PQRC127) at <300m vertical
High priority for high-grade ug. Potential significant strike length indicated linking structures at depth point to UG potential.
Regional targets
Luy-A Soil (373) and stream sed geochem anomalies, small scale workings. Trenching in progress.
3km of strike length, rock chip values to 19.06g/tAu
High potential. This is the best regional target thus far based on the extensive and permissive Au-in-soil footprint.
Tailings dam east prospect
Multiple rock and stream anomalies, small-scale mining activity
Rock chip samples greater than 10g/t Au
Moderate potential.
Source: Company reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Fig 6 B2Gold – Near-mine exploration targets (upper left) and regional targets inset (right)
Source: Company reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 8
Operational management – strength now complemented by depth
A strong operational team at Masbate staffed by the CGA Mining team has become stronger with the
addition of B2Gold resources (including capital) and in-house expertise. In particular, the depth of
B2Gold‟s metallurgical/operational/exploration team has provided key insights that have been
welcomed by GM Ray Mead. On the exploration front, Vern Shein leads the geological team and has
established the “B2Gold process” for collecting and verifying data that will be incorporated into the
next block model. This has led to the identification of how important it is to accurately classify ore
(oxide vs transitional vs sulphide) and the establishment of priorities for testing near-pit resources
throughout the Mining Licence.
It is important in the Philippines to have an ongoing positive relationship with the government at all
levels. Cris Acosta (from CGA Mining) is the Country Manager and has an impressive resume,
including being educated at West Point and MIT. He will work closely with VP Operations, Dale Craig,
to communicate B2Gold‟s position on mining issues and gauge the government‟s ongoing support for
foreign investment.
Community relations / CSR – B2Gold embracing CGA’s positive approach
B2Gold continues to fund the local community programs as established by CGA Mining and as
mandated by the MPSA agreement with the government. The breakdown of $3.2m in expenditures
during 2009–2013 is a product of consultations with the community and includes: i) 42% infrastructure –
including schools, roads and waste systems (47% of households now with potable water); ii) 25%
education – supported 307 student scholars that obtained 58 college degrees (Fig 8 – first day of school
backpack program); and iii) 14% health – including improving equipment, training, and building and
repairing medical centres. Fig 7 shows the increase in population at the north end of Masbate Island
between 2006 and 2012 as the economic benefits and employment opportunities have attracted families.
Fig 7 B2Gold – North end of Masbate Island in the Masbate Mine area – population map of the surrounding villages showing population growth from 2006 to 2012.
Source: Company reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 9
We appreciate the importance of such programs to maintain a social licence to operate; however, B2Gold
is following through and embracing the impact that these programs have from the top down (Fig 8).
Fig 8 B2Gold – CEO Clive Johnson with children from the local village receiving B2Gold-sponsored school supplies
Source: Company reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Literacy rates improving where needed. We appreciate from our discussions with an Asian
Development Bank representative that Masbate Province had one of the lowest literacy rates in the
Philippines. We expect an ongoing significant and direct impact on literacy rates in the region where
the mine operates and employs 1,900 workers (including contractors).
The minimum wage in the Philippines is ~460P (Pesos) per day (~$10/day), compared with the
average wage earned at Masbate of close to ~1,400P/day ($30/day). These high-paying mining jobs
and skills that are being acquired will improve the quality of life in the nearby communities.
Community-related revenue-sharing royalty of 1% increases to 1.5% in July 2014. We are
confident that B2Gold will utilize the MPSA security of tenure, its stable and fair stable tax/revenue
sharing agreement, and the support of local residents and government to operate effectively at Masbate.
We did not learn of any NGO opposition that would impact mine operations, and we understand that
there is strong support from the local mayor and the Catholic Church representative on Masbate Island.
Significantly we note that Mining (Masbate Mine) is 80% of the GDP for Masbate Province.
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 10
Weather a risk, but manageable
The Masbate mine is situated on the island of Masbate on the north coast and is considered to be a
Type II climate regarding rainfall (see Fig 9). The area is of high rainfall for mining and could impact
operations, but the lack of a pronounced rainy season limits the impact to operating a mine.
Typhoon risk – There have been 29 typhoons that have passed within 50km of the Masbate mine
since 1950. The most recent typhoon was in June 2009 and caused minor flooding and wind damage
to trees. Operations were not significantly affected at the Masbate mine. B2Gold has an emergency
plan in the event of typhoons.
Fig 9 Climate zones of the Philippines
Source: Company reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Secure site – Far enough away from violence in the south
Masbate Island is far enough north of Mindanao Island not to be impact by some of the violence that
has manifested from groups seeking autonomy (see Appendix A for background and details).
At Masbate, due to the large property size and number of artisanal/small miners present in the region,
B2Gold has 300 people that are designated for security. We do not see any specific issues with the
small miners but appreciate B2Gold will need to work effectively with them to ensure mining proceeds
smoothly.
Masbate
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 11
Mining reform, taxes and ownership
On 6 June 2013, media reports relayed comments by the Philippines Environment Secretary, Ramon
Paje, regarding new excise tax proposals for the mining sector (FTbeyondbrics blog). Our research note
(LINK) highlighted that “the government wanted to impose a single excise tax rate of 10% on the gross
sales of mineral products in lieu of the existing 2% excise tax, 5% royalty tax on minerals in the so-
called state reservations, an indigenous peoples share and local business taxes” (date of interview was
not disclosed). We subsequently revised our model to reflect an increased excise tax of 5% (from 3.5%)
as the general mining sector view was that a 5–7% excise tax would be implemented. Thus, the 10%
excise tax comment was a negative shock. Congress is expected to vote on a reform over the next 12
months, and it is not clear whether those with existing MPSA or FTAA agreements will be impacted.
Exploration licence status. Since early 2011, the Federal government has imposed a moratorium on
exploration drilling, and the granting of new mining permits related to the ongoing review of the
country‟s mining policy. Part of the goal was to reform some of the regulations related to land
speculation, where licence holders with no intention of conducting exploration gained rights for a
relatively low carrying cost. On 7 March 2013, the Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB)
recommended that the moratorium be lifted as of 18 March 2013. However, the lift of the ban has still
not been approved by the government. B2Gold is in a strong position as it is able to drill throughout its
Mining Licence.
The MPSA agreement. Masbate is operating under an MPSA (Mineral Production Sharing
Agreement) issued by the federal government (series from 2005–2010). B2Gold‟s MPSA is one of a
number issued by the government of the Philippines since 2006 (Appendix A, Fig 12). Despite ongoing
government deliberations over new mining policies, which may affect future agreements, it is our
understanding that B2Gold‟s MPSA agreement for its Masbate mine will be grandfathered and
remains legal and binding according to the terms of the contract. See below for a brief description of
the difference between an MPSA vs FTAA agreement:
Under an MPSA, the title to the land must be controlled by a majority Filipino entity. Foreign
entities with interests in mines operated under an MPSA must rely on ownership structures that
separate mineral processing from mining and leave land titles in the hands of a local entity in
order to stay onside with the law. Taxes and duties are paid as normal, with no overarching
structure to keep revenue in the country. B2Gold‟s Masbate mine and Philex‟s Padcal mine are
the most significant projects with an MPSA.
Under an FTAA, foreign interests can own land and mineral rights, increasing security of tenure.
The principle behind the agreement is for the country to share in 60% of revenue from the mine
once invested capital has been recovered, including all royalties and duties, local and federal
taxes and community and social responsibilities. Didipio, Xstrata‟s Tampakan and Metals
Exploration‟s Runruno assets are the most significant projects with an FTAA.
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 12
Numerous catalysts ahead We have provided a summary of B2Gold‟s important catalysts (Fig 10). Operation-related catalysts at
Masbate will be important along with decisions on what will happen with the Gramalote asset once a PFS
is delivered in October 2013 (advance the project or asset swap).
Fig 10 B2Gold – Upcoming catalysts
Catalyst Impact & description Timeline
Masbate reserve and mine plan Positive. B2Gold will report a revised reserve & resource estimate and mine plan that will incorporate a tighter classification of oxide/transition/sulphide ore (6 months post-CGA Mining takeover).
~July
Prosperidad drill results Potential positive. Initial grab samples from this new/raw Nicaragua prospect returned +40g/t Au from trenches; veins up to 3m thick will be drill-tested.
June-July
Wolfshag infill drill results Potentially very Positive. Systematic $8.5m infill/expansion drilling of the Wolfshag zone, in Namibia, will sketch in an inferred resource by YE & determine whether it could be economically captured by expanding the main Otjikoto pit.
2H13
Jabali Central feeds La Libertad mill Neutral. Despite the higher 2.6g/t grades to the mill and increase in production, the high 18:1 LOM strip and early capitalized strip will increase all-in cash costs for La Libertad.
June (initial feed)
Jabali Antenna zone permitting Positive. Jabali Antenna Zone is the key as vs the Central Zone it has much higher grade, a lower 7:1 strip and clear UG potential.
2H13(?)
Gramalote PFS Neutral? This PFS will likely reflect larger (+50ktpd) and smaller (30ktpd) mill options for B2Gold and 51% JV partner Anglo Gold Ashanti to consider. The smaller scenario with a higher cut-off grade is our preferred approach to this asset.
Oct/13
Gramalote drill results Neutral. Visibility on increasing the size of the deposit beyond the 4moz resource (100% basis) and on converting inferred ounces to indicated.
2H13
Source: Company reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 13
Valuation and recommendation We have made a number of changes to our DCF5% model for Masbate. The effect of these changes
to our DCF5% is an increase in NAV by 4% for the Masbate mine to $835m from $805m (see
backpage). The changes are as follows:
We have extended the period of ~1g/t material to be processed by adding five years of high-grade
reserves as we have confidence in B2Gold‟s ability to identify such near-pit and satellite
resources. Following the higher-grade mine plan, we model the low-grade stockpile to be moved
and processed at $1/t handling cost.
We increased the strip ratio to 3.7:1 for 2013 to 2015 while maintaining a 2.3:1 strip ratio over the
LOM.
We have adjusted our unit costs per tonne upward for mining ($1.85/t – increase of 6%), milling
($10.50/t – change of nil) and SGA and Other ($5.25/t – and increase of 70%).
For Otjikoto, we have made the following adjustments to our DCF5% model based on increased
production potential commented on during the Masbate site visit:
We have increased the production profile by 10% (to 150koz in the first five years) on the basis
that installing a pebble crusher and extra tankage as part of the flow sheet could increase
production by as much as 20%.
We will monitor results from the Wolfshag drilling as to whether we incorporate an extended mine
life or not (management has commented that projections of the potential Wolfshag resource is
pulled into conceptual pits).
We recommend B2Gold with an Outperform rating and have increased our target price to $3.75
(was $3.50). We believe B2Gold, with the Masbate project in the fold, now has the type of long-life
asset that provides both stability and growth opportunities. We expect the company to continue to be
opportunistic in this market and seek high-quality transactions while there is a gap in the ability of the
seniors to consider M&A, whereas the juniors have essentially run out of financing options. Although it
may take B2Gold a year to get Masbate to perform at an optimal level, we believe it was a very good
acquisition and is a sign of management‟s operational and exploration strengths.
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 14
Appendix A – Philippines Primer The Philippines – Snapshot of one of the ‘Tiger Cubs’
The Philippines are located in the South Pacific Ocean between China to the north and Indonesia to
the south. The country was colonized by Spain in the 16th century, and following the Spanish-
American war in the 19th century, became an insular area of the US (similar status as Puerto Rico or
Guam) until independence in 1946. The resulting cultural influences make the country unique in Asia,
with heavy American and Spanish influences on the indigenous population. The legacy of the period of
American colonization is apparent in the system of government, legal system, and the widespread use
of English, which is an official language and spoken by the vast majority of the population.
The independent history of the Philippines has seen periods of instability in the past, including the
20-year rule of Ferdinand Marcos that ended in 1986. Since then, despite several coup attempts,
struggles with corruption and low-level violence, reforms and increased stability (particularly since
2004) have shown results in the form of increased growth, even throughout the global financial crisis.
The country has seen a boom in foreign direct investment and GDP growth over the last decade,
evidenced by a further 6.6% increase in GDP in 2012, higher than neighbouring emerging economies
Vietnam and Indonesia. The growth has been driven by the expansion of outsourcing (especially call
centres) in the country; a natural fit for the country given the native English speaking population. A
significant amount of American, European and Asian investment is fuelling a boom in construction in
the Manila area, creating jobs and raising household income (from a very low base, country wide). At
the same time, the country faces challenges from extreme poverty, with the IMF estimating that over
40% of the population lives on less than US$2/day.
In 2012, both Moody’s and S&P raised the Philippines’ credit rating (to Ba1 and BB+
respectively), a step below investment grade and at the same level as Indonesia and Turkey.
Broadly speaking, the country is clearly on the right long-term track from a political and
economic perspective. As one of the ‘Tiger Cub’ next wave of export-driven emerging Asian
economies (along with Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand), we have confidence in the
country as a stable, improving jurisdiction with upside as reforms continue.
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 15
Fig 11 The Philippines at a glance
Source: CIA World Factbook, IMF, Company reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Mining in the Philippines
Masbate is one of several relatively new mines in the Philippines, along with: i) OceanaGold‟s Didipio;
ii) Red 5‟s Siana; and iii) Metals Exploration‟s Runruno. The new production joins existing gold producers
Co-O (Medusa), and Padcal (Philex). Collectively, these mines represent ~700koz of annual gold
production from the country. See our Philippines research team‟s report on mining in the Philippines
for additional background (Hunting stocks – 6 March 2012 by RJ Aguirre).
The most significant project in the planning stages is Xstrata‟s Tampakan project in the south of the
country. The feasibility study calls for a 180ktpd mill producing an average of 450k oz of gold and
450kt of copper per year. This would be a landmark project for the country, the largest by far and a
world-class asset. The $6bn project recently received its Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)
and could begin construction within the next 1–2 years.
With exploration set to resume in the country, we expect increased investment from miners already in
the country, and more foreign investment, particularly from Australia. More focus on mining in the
Philippines with more projects on the ground should lead to a stronger voice with the government and
mining law reform and the streamlining of future project approval.
Unit Global rank
Population m 103.0 12
Manila m 11.5 5 - 10
GDP (PPP) $bn 416 33
GDP growth (2012) % 7%
GDP (PPP) per capita US$ 4,300 133
Labour force
Agriculture % 33%
Industry % 15%
Services % 52%
Export partners
Japan % 19%
US % 15%
China % 13%
Lanuages
English Official
Filipino (Tagalog) Official
Religions
Catholic 83%
Muslim 5%
Government: Democratic Republic (US model)
Executive, bicameral congress,
independent judiciary
Head of government: President Benigno Aquino
Term: 6 years (2010)
Next elections: Congressional elections May 2013
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 16
Fig 12 Selected mines and projects in the Philippines
Glencore Xstrata (GLEN LN, £3.16, OP, TP: £4.15) covered by Jeff Largey B2Gold (BTO CN, C$2.26, OP, TP: C$3.75) covered by Michael Gray OceanaGold (OGC CN, C$1.60, OP, TP: C$2.75) covered by Michael Siperco Gold Fields (GFI SJ, R59.57, OP, TP: R74.00) covered by Richard Hart Medusa, Philex, Red 5, Medusa, Saint Augustine, Crazy Horse and Metals Exploration are Not rated. *** Note that under an MPSA license, a foreign entity cannot have more than 40% interest. Ownership levels in this table for MPSA structures refer to overall economic interest.
Source: Company reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Fig 13 Philippines – Location of selected mines (red and green) and development projects (yellow)
Source: Company reports, Data SIO, NOAA, US Navy, NGA, GEBCO, US Dept of State Geographer, Mapabc.com, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Company Ticker Project Ownership Tax Status Startup Metals Mine type Average structure date Throughput Gold Copper
(est.) (tpd) 000 oz 000 t Producing mines
OceanaGold OGC CN Didipio 92.0% FTAA Production 2013 Au, Cu OP/UG 10,000 100 15 B2Gold BTO CN Masbate 100.0% MPSA Production 2009 Au UG 18,000 200 - Medusa MML AU Co-O 100.0% MPSA Production 2006 Au UG 10,000 80 - 90* - Philex PX PM Padcal 100.0% MPSA Production 1959 Au, Cu UG 22,000 120 15 Red 5 RED AU Siana 100.0% MPSA Production 2012 Au UG 2,000 85 -
Advanced projects Glencore Xstrata GLEN LN Tampakan 62.5% FTAA Permitting ~2019 Au, Cu OP 180,000 450 450 Medusa MML AU Bananghilig 100.0% MPSA Exploration ~2015 Au UG 175 200 - St. Augustine SAU CN Kingking 60.0% MPSA Feasibility ? Au, Cu OP 90,000 400 120 Crazy Horse CZH CN Taysan 100.0% MPSA Feasibility (sale) ? Cu, Au, Ag, Fe OP 40,000 30 35 Gold Fields (option) GFI SJ Far Southeast 60.0% FTAA (application) Reserve development ? Au, Cu UG 11,500 250 30 Metals Exploration MTL LN Runruno 100.0% FTAA Construction 2013 Au, Mb OP 5,000 100 -
Avg. annual production (approx)
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 17
Security in the Philippines
The security situation in the Philippines is complex, but it is important to note that Masbate is located
far enough north to be part of a stable region of the country.
The violence that the country has experienced has been primarily focused in the south, on the island of
Mindanao and the Sulu archipelago (see Fig 14), where the Muslim minority has been clashing with the
government (and the US army) for over a decade. The separatist movement is led by the Moro Islamic
Liberation Front (MILF) and associated splinter groups, bolstered (and occasionally in conflict with) more
radical Islamic groups, Abu Sayyaf (ASG) and Jemaah Islamiyah (JI). While there are still incidents of
violence, terrorism and kidnapping of foreigners, there is a political process in place that will lead to
increased autonomy for the south of the country, which has reduced the risk in recent years.
One group with broader reach across the country is the New People‟s Army (NPA), which initiated a
Maoist insurgency in 1969, typified by attacks on the Filipino army, police, and has included extortion
of businesses in areas under its control. Peace talks resumed in 2011, but the group is still active and
has conducted guerrilla attacks in and around Manila.
While the Philippines has its share of security risks, we note that few countries are risk-free in this
regard. Even with the various insurgencies and attacks, the Philippines compares favourably to parts
of Mexico, West Africa, and parts of South America in terms of violence. And while other jurisdictions
have seen businesses, and specifically mining concerns targeted for attacks and theft, the primary
cause of violence in the Philippines is social, religious and political – it is not a general reflection of
lawlessness or an ineffective government security apparatus.
Fig 14 Violence historically focused in the south (red areas) on the island of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipeligo
Source: Wikipedia, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Masbate
Ma
cq
ua
rie R
es
ea
rch
B
2G
old
17
Ju
ne
20
13
1
8
B2Gold (BTO CN, Outperform, Target price: C$3.75)
All figures in USD unless otherwise noted
All NAV values based on forward curve commodity price assumptions, earnings estimates are based on Macquarie price assumptions
Source: Company reports, Macquarie Research, June 2013
Assumptions 2012A 2013E 2014E (LT) 2018 2012A 2013E 2014E 2015E NAV Breakdown (5% discount)
Gold 1671 1467 1385 1473 La Libertad 109 136 157 157 US$m US$ / Sh C$ / Sh % Total
FX (US:CAD) 1.00 0.96 0.91 0.95 Limon 49 57 62 62 Gold Operations
Income Statement 2012A 2013E 2014E 2015E Masbate - 177* 206 206 Masbate (dcf) 860 1.29 1.30 35%
Revenue 259 566 580 776 Otjikoto - - - 136 La Libertad (dcf) 463 0.69 0.70 19%
Costs 132 362 336 475 Gramolate - - - - Limon (dcf) 257 0.38 0.39 10%
Operating margin 127 204 244 301 Total Gold Production 158 370 426 561 Sub-total 1,581 2.36 2.39 63%
Depreciation 33 43 36 76 Increase from 2011 base 134% 170% 255% Other Mining Assets
EBT 77 126 175 232 Ave Cash Operating Costs ($/oz) 587 700 656 650 Otjikoto (dcf) 431 0.64 0.65 17%
Tax 25 31 36 43 Total Cash Costs ($/oz) 640 756 730 704 Gramolate (dcf) 225 0.34 0.34 9%
Net Income 52 95 139 189 Other exploration assets 240 0.36 0.36 10%
EBITDA 111 169 212 307 Valuation (Macq commodity price assumption)
Adjusted Net Income 52 162 160 210 P/E 23.8 13.1 13.3 10.2
Adj EPS (FD) 0.13 0.24 0.24 0.31 P/CF 10.9 12.6 12.1 8.0 Total Operating NAV 2,476 3.70 3.74 99%
EV/EBITDA 18.7 12.5 10.5 7.5 WC (to Year-End) 131 0.20 0.20 5%
Cash Flow Statement P/NAV 0.9 Long Term Debt (102) (0.15) (0.15) 0%
Operating CF (before w /c) 114 170 176 265 Corporate adjustments (40) (0.06) (0.06) -2%
Operating CF (after w /c) 105 213 151 255 Valuation (Forward curve) Subtotal (11) (0.02) (0.02) 4%
Investing CF (148) (214) (264) (331) P/E 24.0 13.5 12.9 9.5
Financing CF 8 20 125 - P/CF 11.0 12.9 11.7 7.7
Op CFPS (FD), adj 0.29 0.25 0.26 0.40 EV/EBITDA 18.8 12.9 10.2 7.1 NET ASSET VALUE 2,341 3.68 3.72 103%
P/NAV 0.9
Balance Sheet P/NAV operating multiple 0.95
Cash & cash equiv 68 87 99 23
Working Capital 92 76 (11) (77)
Total debt - 66 191 191 Reserves and Resources (attributable)
Shareholder Equity 560 1,636 1,776 1,965
Au (koz) 2P MI I Total
Enterprise Value 2,063 2,109 2,222 2,298 La Libertad (100%) 648 471 343 1,462
Limon (95%) 213 341 110 664
Masbate (100%) 2,999 2,739 1,599 7,337
* Masbate estimate does not include 7koz produced from Jan 1-15 Gramalote (49%) 1,251 847 2,098
prior to consolidation w ith B2Gold. Otjikoto (92%) 1,234 114 100 1,448
Total 5,094 4,916 2,999 13,009
Bellavista (100%) 314 421 0 735
-
100
200
300
400
500
600
2012A 2013E 2014E 2015E
Pro
du
cti
on
(ko
zA
u)
B2Gold production profile
La Libertad Limon Masbate Otjikoto Gramolate
Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 19
Important disclosures:
Recommendation definitions
Macquarie - Australia/New Zealand Outperform – return >3% in excess of benchmark return Neutral – return within 3% of benchmark return Underperform – return >3% below benchmark return Benchmark return is determined by long term nominal GDP growth plus 12 month forward market dividend yield
Macquarie – Asia/Europe Outperform – expected return >+10% Neutral – expected return from -10% to +10% Underperform – expected return <-10%
Macquarie First South - South Africa Outperform – expected return >+10% Neutral – expected return from -10% to +10% Underperform – expected return <-10%
Macquarie - Canada Outperform – return >5% in excess of benchmark return Neutral – return within 5% of benchmark return Underperform – return >5% below benchmark return
Macquarie - USA Outperform (Buy) – return >5% in excess of Russell 3000 index return Neutral (Hold) – return within 5% of Russell 3000 index return Underperform (Sell)– return >5% below Russell 3000 index return
Volatility index definition*
This is calculated from the volatility of historical price movements. Very high–highest risk – Stock should be expected
to move up or down 60–100% in a year – investors should be aware this stock is highly speculative. High – stock should be expected to move up or down at least 40–60% in a year – investors should be aware this stock could be speculative. Medium – stock should be expected to move up or down at least 30–40% in a year. Low–medium – stock should be expected to move up or down at least 25–30% in a year. Low – stock should be expected to move up or down at least 15–25% in a year. * Applicable to Asia/Australian/NZ/Canada stocks only
Recommendations – 12 months Note: Quant recommendations may differ from Fundamental Analyst recommendations
Financial definitions
All "Adjusted" data items have had the following adjustments made: Added back: goodwill amortisation, provision for catastrophe reserves, IFRS derivatives & hedging, IFRS impairments & IFRS interest expense Excluded: non recurring items, asset revals, property revals, appraisal value uplift, preference dividends & minority interests EPS = adjusted net profit / efpowa* ROA = adjusted ebit / average total assets ROA Banks/Insurance = adjusted net profit /average total assets ROE = adjusted net profit / average shareholders funds Gross cashflow = adjusted net profit + depreciation *equivalent fully paid ordinary weighted average number of shares All Reported numbers for Australian/NZ listed stocks are modelled under IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards).
Recommendation proportions – For quarter ending 31 March 2013
AU/NZ Asia RSA USA CA EUR
Outperform 45.12% 53.24% 50.00% 40.70% 62.98% 43.30% (for US coverage by MCUSA, 10.55% of stocks followed are investment banking clients)
Neutral 41.52% 28.01% 41.43% 55.01% 32.60% 34.10% (for US coverage by MCUSA, 9.05% of stocks followed are investment banking clients)
Underperform 13.36% 18.74% 8.57% 4.29% 4.42% 22.60% (for US coverage by MCUSA, 0.00% of stocks followed are investment banking clients)
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Macquarie Research B2Gold
17 June 2013 20
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