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Page 1: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

B.9AD Biomolecules

Picture Vocabulary

© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 2: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

biomolecule

Molecules containing the substances that are necessary for performing life

processes © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 3: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

carbohydrate

A biomolecule, containing hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio,

that is used as a primary energy source © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 4: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

lipid

A biomolecule composed of glycerol and fatty acids that is

hydrophobic © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 5: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

protein

A biomolecule composed of amino acids connected by peptide bonds

© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 6: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

peptide bond

The type of covalent bond that forms between amino acids

© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 7: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

polymer

A large molecule formed by the bonding of smaller molecular units

© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 8: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

organic

A chemical compound containing the element carbon and relating to

living organisms © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 9: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

inorganic

A chemical compound not containing the element carbon and

unrelated to living organisms © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 10: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

monomer

A small molecular unit that can be chemically combined with other small

molecular units to form a larger molecule

© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Glucose is a monomer.

Page 11: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

nucleic acid

A biomolecule composed of nucleotides that carries the genetic

information of an organism © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 12: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

nucleotide

The monomer of nucleic acids; composed of phosphate, sugar, and

nitrogenous bases © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 13: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

Oparin-Haldane hypothesis

The hypothesis in which the condition of Earth’s early atmosphere containing ammonia and water led to the

formation of amino acids and eventually the development of life

© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 14: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

enzyme

Proteins that can change the rates of specific reactions

© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 15: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

RNA World hypothesis

If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that stored information and catalyzed its own replication until DNA

and proteins later filled those roles © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 16: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

hydrolysis

The chemical process in which water molecules are added to break the

bonds of a polymer © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 17: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

fatty acids

The building blocks of fats

© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 18: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

Iron-Sulfur World hypothesis

A theory that states that life may have formed on the surface of iron sulfide

minerals © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Page 19: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

saccharide

Compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; the hydrogen to oxygen ratio is

2:1 © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved

Glucose is also a monosaccharide.

Page 20: B.9AD Biomolecules › cms › lib › TX01000797...RNA World hypothesis If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that

amino acid

Molecule that contains an amine group, a carboxylic acid group, and a side chain specific to each amino acid

© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved


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