LONDON, ENGLANDBA 398: International Business Experience

Amanda Kemmerer, Konstantina Papathomas,Sean Van Kersen, & Matthew Vital

OVERVIEW•History•Government•Geography•Demography•Economy•Transportation•Education•Sports•Culture

HISTORY

History• Prehistory & Antiquity– 1st major settlement by Romans– London becames capital of Roman province of Britannia– Lundenwic settled

• Middle Ages– Roman rule ends– Lundenwic continues to rise– Vicking attacks– Black death

Westminister Abbey

History• Early Modern Era– Reformation– Mercantilism– Great Fire– London expands– Crime increases

The Great Fire

History• Late Modern Era– Mid-19th & mid-20th century:• Cholera epidemics• Infrastructure expansion • 1948 summer Olympics• Great Smog of 1952• Immigration

– Late 20th century:• Population decline• Thames Barrier completed• Government rearrangement

Thames Barrier

GOVERNMENT

Government

• Divided into 2 tiers– City-wide• Greater London Authority (GLA)

– Local• 33 smaller authorities

• GLA– Mayor – London Assembly

GLA

Government

• Policing– Metropolitan Police Force– City of LondonPolice

• London Fire Brigade• London Ambulance Service NHS Trust

Government

• Seat of Government of UK• British Parliament– “Mother of Parliaments”

GEOGRAPHY

Geography

• “London” is defined in a number of ways for different purposes.– Greater London= top

level administrative subdivision covering London

– City of London= The small ancient core that once contained the whole settlement

Geography

• Outward expansion of London is prevented by the Metropolitan Green Belt– Protected open land

• London is split by the river Thames– North, South, and an

informal Central London

Geography• London covers an area

of 1,579 square kilometers

• Climate:– Temperate marine

climate– City rarely sees

extremely high or low temps

– Receives only an average of 1468 hr of sun/year

– Spring: Mild days and Cool evenings

Demography

• London’s population peaked at 8,615,245 in 1939 before WW1

• Ethnic Groups:– 69% white– 13.3% South Asian– 2.4% Pakistani – 2.3% Bangladeshis– 2.0% Other Asian– 10.6% Black

Demography

• Religion:– 58.2% Christians– 15.8% No Religion– 8.5% Muslim– 4.1% Hindus– 2.1% Jewish

ECONOMY

Economy

• 20% of UK’s GDP• Largest financial center alongside NYC• Largest industry: finance– +480 overseas banks– Effected by financial crisis

Economy

• FTSE 100• Home to– Bank of England– London Stock Exchange – Lloyds of London

• Media distribution industry

Canary Wharf

Economy

• Tourism– £15 billion yearly– Most visited city worldwide

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

Transportation Systems

• Buses & Trams- one of largest bus network worldwide– 24 hrs/day, 8000 buses, 700 bus routes,

& 6 million passengers every weekday– 850 million Euros in revenue each year– Red double-decker buses trademark of

London (right)

• Railways- commonly utilized form of travel– 3 million journeys a day/ over 1billion per

year

• London Underground “the tube” is the oldest and second longest metro system in the world dating since 1863

• Commended city with best public transport

St. Pancras International- High speed train station

High speed train

Other Transport in London

• London is major spot for international air transport

• 8 airports use the word “London” in their name

• Heathrow Airport- busiest airport worldwide for international traffic

• Roads- common form of transport in suburbs– Few motorways into inner London– Major congestion

• Cycles- common since the new Millennium– Cheaper & quicker way around the city

than by public transport or car

Heathrow Airport, West London

Barclays Cycle Hire

EDUCATION

Education

• Major center of higher education teaching & research (43 universities)– ~412,000 (17%): student population• 287,000 (undergraduate)• 118,000 (graduate)

– ~97,150 (25%): international students

EDUCATION (CONT’D)World-leading education institutions:– 4th, University College

London (UCL)– 7th, Imperial College

London– 21st, King's College

London

EDUCATION (CONT’D)

• Social Sciences (Teaching and Research):– London School of

Economics

• Business:– London Business School

• Arts:– University of the Arts

London• (art, design, fashion,

communication, performing arts)

• 5 Major Medical Schools:– Barts & The London

School of Medicine and Dentistry

– King's College London School of Medicine and Dentistry

– Imperial College School of Medicine

– UCL Medical School– St George’s, University of

London

EDUCATION (CONT’D)

Primary & Secondary schools– London Boroughs

Private schools– City of London School– Harrow– St. Paul’s School– University College School– Westminister School

SPORTS

Sports in London

• Will be the first city to host the Summer Olympics three times– 1908, 1948, & 2012

• Football is the most popular sport in London– Football in London = soccer

in America – 13 League football clubs

including 5 in the English Premiere League

Sports Cont’d • Wimbledon Tennis Championship is held annually at the All England

Club (bottom left)• Wembley Stadium (bottom right) hosts soccer (football) events as well

as rugby matches– Largest stadium in London- capacity ~90,000

• Other sports in London include Cricket and a marathon around the city

All England Club Wembley Stadium

CULTUREAccent

Leisure and entertainmentLiterature, film, & music

Shopping & fashion

ACCENT

• Similar to many accents of the South East of England– Cockney rhyming slang

• 21st century 'Londoner’– Whole array of 'ethnic'

accents• Caribbean, “Multicultural

London English”

Leisure and Entertainment

• Major National Museums– Victoria & Albert,

Natural History, Science

• Entertainment district– City of Westminister

• World film premieres and Piccadilly Circus

• Theater district– Cinema bars, clubs,

restaurants– Operas, ballets, theaters

and halls

LITERATURE, FILM, AND MUSIC

• Literary centers– William Shakespeare

• Films– Oliver Twist, Peter Pan,

Mary Poppins, Notting Hill, V for Vendetta, Sweeny Todd

• Music– Classical & popular music

capitals– Orchestras & concert halls

SHOPPING & FASHION• Oxford Street, 1 mile street• Renowned art & fashion schools• International center of fashion

SHOPPING & FASHION (CONT’D)

1. Ben Sherman

2. Burberry3. French

Connection (FCUK)

4. London Fog5. Dr Marten’s

SHOPPING & FASHION (CONT’D)

ReferencesFacts and Information About London (2010). Retrieved Feb. 12, 2011 from http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/questions/regions/london.htm