back in the u.s.a….. post-latin american revolutions 1822 –latin america had become a profitable...
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Back in the U.S.A….Back in the U.S.A….
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Post-Latin American Revolutions
• 1822– Latin America had become a
profitable trading market for U.S. and Britain
• 1823– Monroe Doctrine – declared
the Americas was no longer open for colonization by any European powers and to not interfere in their affairs.
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Manifest Destiny
• Purchase of Louisiana Purchase– Napoleon sold to U.S. in 1803 (prez - Jefferson)
• Mexican-American War (1846-1848)– American victory: receives Texas, California,
Arizona, and New Mexico
= NATIONALISM
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Rise of Sectionalism**Sectionalism – extreme devotion to the interests
of 1 part or region of the countryNorth – industries & cities/South & West – agriculture
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Slavery
**plantation – large farm worked usually by slaves
• Most believed that slavery should not be allowed to spread outside the Southern states
**abolitionists – a person acting to end slavery (mostly Northerners)
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Tariff Policy
**tariff – tax on goods brought into a country
• Northern businesspeople want to protect their industries from foreign competition
• Southerners traded mainly with Europe: cotton, tobacco, and other agricultural products for manufactured goods
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1850-1861 Tensions increase
• Political differences: Democrats (proslavery, low-tariff) VS Republicans (antislavery, high-tariff)
• Northerners dominate (more states & larger population) = Southerners threaten to secede
**secede – to withdraw formally from a group or the national government
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South secedes
• Nov. 1860 – Lincoln elected president– Over next 3 months: S. Carolina, Mississippi,
Louisiana, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, and Texas seceded from the U.S. (The Union)
– Formed the Confederate States of America– Spring 1861: North Carolina, Virginia,
Tennessee, and Arkansas join Confederacy
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U.S. Civil War**Confederacy – alliance of Southern states after they withdrew from the Union
**Union – the states that remained loyal to the national government and opposed the Confederacy
• Fighting breaks out on April 2, 1861 and lasts until April 1865– Most of the fighting takes place in the Southern states
marked with bloodshed and destruction
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End of the War
• Northern victory in 1865 = Southern states rejoin the Union and ended slavery
• Lincoln assassinated in April before he could “bind up the wounds of the nation”
**Reconstruction – the period after the Civil War (1865-1877) when the Southern states were occupied by Northern troops
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Reconstruction
• Reunification controlled by Radial Republicans– Made it difficult for the South to rejoin– Southern states occupied by Northern troops + lost
political rights = kept sectional bitterness alive for long after war ended
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pemkR3k3kyM