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goat diseases & conditions ,with treatments

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Acidosis–occurs after accidentally taking in large quantities of concentratefoodstuffs. As the name implies, acidosis results when the rumen pHbecomes acidic.

SymptomDepressed, hangs its head, drunken behavior, muscle tw itching,bloat tends to occur, swelling on left flank, may grind teeth.

Treatment Stop access to food. Drench goat w ith something alkaline such asbicarbonate of soda. 2-3 ounces w ill help neutralize acid. Walkinggoat has some value. Contact veterinary as needed. Providingplenty of effective long stemmed fiber, avoiding drastic, sudden dietchanges and avoiding over feeding of grain and concentrates go along way in preventing acidosis.diagnosis.

In severe cases, treatment is heroic and may involve a rumenotomyin which the rumen is surgicallyemptied out. Supportive therapy includes iv fluids, rumentransfaunation (rumen juice from a healthyanimal), alkalinizing solutions for the rumen (only done w ith caution),antibiotics and nursing care.

Prevention:Rations should be formulated and balanced correctly for the correctproduction group. Forage should befed before grain and the daily amount divided into at least 3separate feedings. A total mixed ration (TMR)helps keep the rumen flora happy by not overwhelming them withcarbohydrate at any one time. Feedchanges all need to be made gradually over several days so theflora have time to adapt. For smallholders w ith a few goats, grain security is an important issue.

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The rumen microflora can only handle gradual changes inforage:grain ratio. If the proportion, absoluteamount or type of grain changes too quickly, then lactic acidosis w illdevelop. Feeding order (i.e. grainbefore forage) also can cause lactic acidosis. The type of rumenbacteria change to gram positive fromgram negative and lactic acid is produced. This lowers the pH of therumen. Once below 5.5, protozoaand bacteria start to die. The acid gets absorbed into the bodycreating general acidosis. If the pH is lowenough, the rumen gets "burned" and, if the goat survives, it oftengets secondary rumen and liverinfections from bacteria or fungi. Fibre (e.g. hay or silage) isimportant in the diet as well as it stimulatesthe goat to chew, thus producing alkaline saliva which serves tobuffer the rumen. Diets w ith little fibre orchopped too finely are more at risk of lactic acidosis.

Clinical Picture:

Simple indigestion may be the first indication of a feeding problem.The goat backs off her feed, usuallyonly for one feeding. If longer than 24 hrs then something else iswrong. Chronic feeding problems w illmanifest as variable appetite, depressed milk fat and chroniclaminitis. Acute laminitis shows up as

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goat diseases & conditions ,with treatments | Back To Basic . 3/25/2014

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painful feet. What is more common is the chronic form in which thetoes grow abnormally fast w ith"rings". The quality of the horn is poor and flaky. Goats may be lameand prone to foot abscesses. Milkfat is depressed because fibre is necessary for the rumen flora toproduce the correct volatile fatty acid tomake milk fat (acetate). W ith more severe lactic acidosis, theprotozoa die, the rumen becomes staticand the goat becomes depressed and dehydrated. The rumen isfluid filled and "sloshy". Diarrhea smellsacidic and is yellow in color. In very severe cases, there is nodiarrhea because of total gut stasis. Thegoat may appear "drunk" and ataxic. She w ill go down and w ill lookvery similar to milk fever, i.e. coldw ith dilated pupils. Rumen examination (pH and examination of flora)need to be done to confirm a diagnosis

Abortionsmost commonly seen during the final 2 months of pregnancy. Doesare normally very fertile animals but may have a higher incidence ofabortion compared to other farm animals. Abortion rates of 5% arecommon and rates below that are considered good. Many infectiousagents, events causing stress, drugs, nutritional deficiencies andtoxic plants may be the cause of a Doe aborting. Infectious causesmay be the common reason for a Doe aborting and should beconsidered the most likely cause if a herd has an abortion outbreak.In an infectious abortion, it is most often a placental disease.ChlamydiaChlamydial abortion is one of the most common causes of infectiousabortion in goats. Pigeons and sparrows may be the carrier of theorganism that causes Chlamydia and ticks or insects may play a rolein the transmission. Non-pregnant Does may become infected butthe organism can stay dormant creating little or no immuneresponse. The organism may stay dormant until the Doe becomespregnant resulting in both an abortion and the immune response.Inflammations of the placenta caused by the infection prevent thenormal transfer of nutrients across the placenta and that results inthe fetal death and it's abortion. After a Doe aborts, she w illnormally develop a good immune response that eliminates theChlamydia from her uterus normally w ithin 3 months of the abortion.The infectious organism does not proliferate and attack the placentauntil around 90 days after breeding. Chlamydia has been found in abuck's semen 29 days after being experimentally infected howeverthe primary modes of transmission are from vaginal or uterinesecretions of aborting Does and Does shedding the organism thefollow ing year. During future breeding seasons, the Does normallyshow no signs of infertility and the natural immunity follow ing anabortion lasts around 3 years.In newly infected herds, 25% to 60% of the Does may abort. Inherds that have been exposed to the infection, abortion rates dropto between 1% to 15% and the new abortions generally are in newanimals to the herd. The abortions generally occur in the last monthof the pregnancy but may happen as early as day 100 of pregnancy.Does may show loss of appetite, run fever and show a bloodyvaginal discharge 2-3 days before aborting.TreatmentIf chlamydial is confirmed or highly likely to be present, it is commonto treat all Does remaining at risk of aborting. Treat w ith long-actingoxytetracycline (20 mg/kg IM or SC). Bio Mycin 200 is one antibioticthat can be used. Some have given the drug tw ice a week duringthe final 4-6 weeks of pregnancy. However because of themanagement difficulties, the most effective process seems to be oneinjection every three days for three times before kidding followed byan injection 3 weeks after kidding. Aborting females should beremoved from the herd for at least 3 weeks, and fetuses andplacentas should be burned or buried.Toxoplasmosis - One of the most common parasitic infections ingoats. This is associated w ith a coccidium of cats. Cats becomeinfected by consuming uncooked meat scraps, placentas, and smallrodents. Goats become infected by eating grass, hay or garincontaminated by cat feces.It can result in abortion, stillbirths andweak kids. However, reducing exposure to cat may help but in maylead to an increase in rats that carry other diseases. Animals remaininfected for life and may abort in future pregnancies so you maywant to cull infected Does. Feeding decoquinate or monensinthroughout pregnancy may reduce the incidence of abortion. Theseare often used in goat medicated feed.

Q Fever - a bacterial disease capable of being transmitted fromanimals to people caused by Coxiella burnetii, a rickettsial organism.C. burnetii may be found in sheep, cattle, goats, cats, dogs, somewild animals (including many w ild rodents), birds, and ticks. Animalsshed the organism in their urine, feces, milk, and especially in theirbirth products. Abortion or stillbirths occur in late pregnancy, but onlywhen the placenta has been severely damaged.TreatmentTreat w ith long-acting oxytetracycline (20 mg/kg IM or SC). Bio Mycin200 is one antibiotic that can be used. One injection every threedays for three times before kidding followed by an injection 3 weeksafter kidding. Placentas and aborted fetuses shoud be destroyed byburning. After a Doe is infected, she can carry the organismindefinitely, shedding it in milk and at kidding.

Listeriosis - caused by listeria monocytogenes an ubiquitousorganism that may be found in soil, water, plant litter and digestive



tract of ruminants. Abortions occur in the last 2 months. Abortionshave been attributed to the feeding of contaminated silage. Grazingon boggy, high-pH soils can also cause the infection.TreatmentBio Mycin 200 is one antibiotic that can be used. One injection everythree days for three times before kidding followed by an injection 3weeks after kidding. The addition of chlortetracycline to the feed hasbeen reported to stop abortions during a listeriosis outbreak

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Blackleg(Clostridial Myositis) - caused by the soil-borne bacterium,Clostridium chauvei. The disease develops rapidly in affected animalsand often deaths occur before the owner has noticed any sickness inthe herd.

symptoms

Often no symptoms are observed; At othertimes, high fever, lack of appetite, depression, lameness, swelledhead, and swellings that appear in the muscles on various parts ofthe body. Sometimes the leg muscles are involved, or the muscles inthe region of the back, hip, flank, chest or shoulder. In the latterstage of the disease, these swellings spread and become quitemushy, producing a characteristic crackling sound when pressed w iththe hand.

treatment

May respond to immediate treatment w ith penicillin or otherantibiotics in large doses. In swollen head, you need to have a vetaid in draining of affected area.

Bloat

gorging on anything unsuitable such as wet grass pastures or afterraiding food bin

symptoms;Tightly inflated flanks, misery, collapse

treatment;Drench w ith Mineral oil (6-8 fl oz) for an adult, (2+ fl oz) for kids.Walk goat about, massage flanks. "Giving mineral oil is very effectivein getting a goat that has over eaten grain to speed that grain onit's way. Vegetable oil w ill add to the digestive load, and may causemore harm than good. Mineral oil is not digestible, and has beenused w ith no problems at all. Feed that is overeaten ferments,causes gas, and acidosis to occur, which can lead to death. Theobject is to speed it out of there w ithout adding to the digestiveload." by Coni Ross

Deb Goodwin Potter :I have dealt w ith bloat many times and heavy massage, lots ofwalking and (sometimes multiple) shots of CD+T Antitoxin are whatcured it. Adult doe I give 10 cc's of the antitoxin to start.

Suggestion from breeder

Mix some baking soda in w ith the goat's feed they really enjoy it andit takes away bloat.

Second Suggestion

15cc Pepto-Bismol5cc Penicillin orally5cc SQ Penicillin5-7cc CD antitoxin SQ

Then give another shot of CD ANTITOXIN and Pepto later that day aswell to make sure all is okay...12-24 hours later make sure you givethe goat a probiotic to put the live bacteria back into the rumen...Youwill need to repopulate the gut once you clean it outalso tsc or jeffers sells a bloat release bottle i used it several timesfor the kids when they get bloated and it always worked , 1oz for akid and wait probably 4 hours they should be good

Bottle Jaw

Caused by animal being infected w ith blood-sucking worms. Fluidsare leaking from blood vessels and flow to the lower parts of thebody. As the animal grazes during the day, the fluids build up in thehead. Over night the fluids may partially drain away from the head.

symptomsLower face and jaw w ill dramatically swell especially during theevening. Gums may not have the normal color because of beinganemic.

treatmentYour worming medicine may not be effective or you may not havewormed recently. The animal needs to be wormed w ith a strongmedication every 10 days for three times. It may also be anemic and



http://backtobasic.boards.net/thread/447/goat-diseases-conditions-treatments#ixzz2wEOHB5Cd

need iron and vitamins given. Their system w ill have difficulty fightingoff problems so you should use an antibiotic for several days to help.

Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL) – Infectious. Bacteria entersanimal through break in skin or mucous membranes and localizes inlymph node

Abscesses of the lymph glands. NOT ALL abscesses are CL. Your vetcan test the animals to see if the abscess is CL or not.

Isolate and remove animal from herd. Many breeders w ill get rid ofanimals w ith CL. Some breeders treat and manage animals w ith CL.Abscesses can be lanced, remove discharge, and treated w ith iodinefor several times. Wear rubber gloves and destroy all discharge.Spread through the eruption of abscess and discharge beingexposed to other animals. Vaccine available at PHL Associates, Inc.lancing should be done somewhere no other animals w ill come incontact w ith drainage. Gloves disposed of away from barn.

Coccidiosis – coccidia parasites. A disease of young orstressed animals.

Animal may just appear un-thrifty in early stages. Off food, diarrhea,blood in diarrhea, rapid weight loss, dehydration and fever. Mayshow straining in attempts to pass feces.

A variety of treatment options are available for coccidiosis.- Di-Methox 40% injectable is given orally at 1cc per 5lbs for 5consecutive days.- Di-Methox 12.5% solution is given, undiluted at 3.5cc per 5lbs ofbody weight. Give for 5 days- Di-Methox powder is given at 1gram per 10lbs of body weight.Powder can be mixed w ith water and drenched. Give for 5 days.- Corid 9.6% solution is given undiluted at 1.25cc per 5lbs of bodyweight for 5 day.- Corid powder is given at 1.1grams per 10lbs and can be mixed w ithfluid and drenched. One dose per day for 5 days.- Sulmet, add 2cc to each bottle for 5 days.- Neomycin, add 2cc to each bottle for 5 days.- Baycox/Tolrazuril is given at 1cc per 5lbs of body weight for 1 day.

Conjunctivitis or Pinkeye – infection of the eye spread byagents such as flies, dust and long grass

A watery eye w ith excess tears spilling over on to the skin. May bereddening and cornea becomes cloudy. Animal sensitive to the light.

onjunctivitis is the swelling (inflammation) or infection of themembrane lining the eyelids. Pink eye is a common term used todescribe many different diseases affecting the eyes of animals. It isan infectious and contagious bacterial disease of many animalsincluding goats. It can be caused by several differentmicroorganisms. Two of those microorganisms are Chlamydia psittaciovis and Mycoplasma conjunctivae. The Chlamydia organism is thesame organism that can cause abortions in does. The pink eyeinfection can be contagious to people so be careful when handlinganimals w ith this disease.Pink eye generally w ill spread from a single animals to many othersin your herd Spreading occurs from direct contact between eachother or through flies or dust that can carry the bacteria to the eye.The condition is painful and may affect just one eye or both.Whatever causes the problem, the symptoms are similar. Thosesymptoms may include:blinking repeatedlyan aversion to bright sunlightthe side of the face below the eye may be wet from tearingthe membranes of the eye appear red and inflamedthe eyes become cloudy or opaquean ulcer may develop.can cause temporary blindness or permanent blindness in severecases.TreatmentAffected animals should be isolated from the rest of the herd toprevent the spread of the disease to other animals. Considerisolating them in a clean, dry, shady place.Pink eye is usually treated w ith any number of antibiotics that areinjected into the body or placed directly in the eye. The mostcommon treatment is to apply terramycin ointment to the affectedeye(s) two to four times per day. Some veterinarians recommend theuse of intramammary mastitis tubes suchas as "Today" for thetreatment of pink eye. As w ith the terramycin ointment, the antibioticis applied directly to the eye. Here is an ointment we have usedsuccessfully. Triple Antibiotic Ophthalmic Ointment -Triple AntibioticOphthalmic Ointment is a combination of three antibiotics: Neomycin,Polymyxin B, and Bacitracin. It is used to treat bacterial infections ofthe eyes and eyelids. We do not use eye medication that is a sprayor powder. They are more irritating to the already inflamed eye. Theanimal's face should be cleaned and the debris around the eyeshould be removed before applying the medicine. If the eye looks



swollen, that can be related to inflammation and we w ill giveBanamine injections in addition to the other treatments.When we have an animal that is having cloudy eyes, we first treatw ith the ointment after putting drops of penicillin or Biomycin in theeye. If the clouding of the eye does not start clearing up in a day ortwo, we also start giving injections of the Biomycin under the skinonce a day. If that does not seem to be helping, we move to astronger antibiotic like Nuflor.Despite intensive efforts, treatment may have little effect on thecourse or severity of the disease. Pink eye is similar to Sore Mouth)in that the disease is usually self-limiting and the majority of affectedanimals w ill clear up w ithout treatment, usually in a week to 10days. Severely affected animals may take longer to recover.Recovered animals have resistance for varying lengths of time. It ispossible for them to become reinfected, as acquired immunity is notstrong or long-lasting.

Contracted Tendons

Leg tendons on new born kids are contracted so the leg does notstraighten out properly

Action Taken:We decided to not do any taping or splints to help the footstraighten out to the natural form. We wanted it to correct on itsown.The mother and kids were put in a small pen to allow the mother tostay close to her kids and make it easier for them to nurse.We watched him each day to make sure he was able to nurse andget to his mother.We decided if the feet did not start correcting on their own in threedays, we would put a splint on the feet.The picture at the right was taken on the third day and one foot hascorrected on its own.

Results:The feet corrected on their own in around five days. The picture tothe right was taken on the fifth day and both back feet are nownormal. This is not a real problem. It is basically from the hoovesbeing turned backwards for an extended time prior to birth andnatural movement of the feet after birth stretches out the tendonsnormally.

Cystic Ovaries:

Continues to come into heat every 4-5 days. Does not settle atbreeding...Doe may fail to come into a true, standing heat, and shemay act ‘bucky’.

Cystorelin (RX) is one of the most effective treatments for a doe w ithcystic ovaries. When the doe is in standing heat and in w ith thebuck, give 1cc IM. 24 hours later, give another 1cc IM. This gets rid ofthe cystic follicle, allow ing the doe to ovulate normally.

You can also treat cystic ovaries w ith an injection of HCG (HumanChorionic Gonadotropin, an Rx) to correct the hormonal imbalance.That is followed about 9-10 days later by an injection of Lutalyse(GOC)

Diarrhea is generally a symptom of a digestive system problem.There are numerous known infectious and parasitic causes ofdiarrhea as well as noninfectious causes. Noninfectious causes caninclude overfeeding, indigestion, lactic acidosis, copper deficiencyand intoxications. The follow ing describes some steps to take foridentifying the source of the diarrhea. After identifying the propersymptoms check Diseases and Conditions here for possibletreatments1.Review any changes to eating or feeding environment. Have youchanged the type or amount of feed? Has the animal been grazing ina new or different pasture w ith different or more abundant foodsource? Getting off grain to just hay w ill help.2.Look at the age of animal. Is this a newborn or few weeks oldanimal? Diarrhea is a common problem during a kid's first few days oflife. May be caused by chilling, erratic feeding, dirty bedding, dirtymilk bottles and over eating. We use Spectam Scour-Halt (for pigscours) on our young kids w ith diarrhea and it really does a goodjob. Diarrhea in a 3-4 week-old kid is likely due to coccidiosis.3.Look at the color of diarrhea. Is is green or blackish? Greendiarrhea can indicate an eating change.4.Check for internal parasites. Worms can cause diarrhea. The fecescan be checked for parasite eggs present. This can be done by yourveterinary or you can do it yourself. Also review site VeterinaryParasitology. Proper de-worming should take place if parasites arediscovered.

Diarrhea

Diarrhea should not be considered an illness in and of itself butrather a symptom of other more serious health problems in goats.Before treating a goat for diarrhea, it is essential to determine whythe animal is scouring. Diarrhea-controlling medication can make thesituation much worse. Slightly soft stool is sometimes the body'sway of ridding itself of undesirable products through the purgingeffect of diarrhea. If the scouring is slightly soft stool, let it run its



course.

When body temperature is above the normal range of 101.5 to103.5 F, use a fever medication and an antibiotic to control infection.Obviously, very watery diarrhea requires a different approach andmuch more intervention on the producer's part. For purposes of thisarticle, my definition of "diarrhea" is anything other than perfectlyformed goat pills. There are four major causative agents of diarrhea in goats: bacteria,viruses, parasites, and management practices (i.e., overcrowding,poor sanitation, or nutritionally-induced problems such asoverfeeding).Diarrhea can be the symptom of many different illnesses, includingbloat, ruminal acidosis, laminitis/founder, copper deficiency, aflatoxinpoisoning, anaphylactic shock, plant toxicity/poisoning, renal failure,selenium toxicity, coccidiosis, enterotoxemia (clostridium perfringenstype C&D), salmonellosis, E. Coli infection, caprine herpes virus,heavy parasite infestation, and goat polio. Always run a fecalexamination on the goat's feces before attempting any treatment.See my website's article on how to do your own fecals(www.tennesseemeatgoats.com).However, diarrhea is not always the result of an infectious disease.It can be nutritionally induced by overfeeding on milk or grain, byusing poor-quality milk replacers, or by sudden changes in feedingschedules or in the type of feed being offered.Neonatal Diarrhea Complex, which is the term used to describediarrhea occurring in kids under one month of age, the cause ofwhich may not ever be diagnosed, usually occurs during kiddingseason when extremes of weather take place excessive heat or coldor heavy rains. Kids less than one month of age do have not fullyfunetioning immune systems, so diarrhea can take a heavy toll.Dehydration, acidosis, electrolyte depletion,, and hypoglycemia (lowblood sugar) can result. The kid becomes weak and can't stand, hasa dry mouth and cold extremities, body temperature drops belownormal, and the sucking response is often lost.Sick kids should be isolated from the herd, placed in sanitaryfacilities, and fed in containers that are well above ground level toprevent further contamination. Administration of oral andsubcutaneous electrolytes along w ith an ap'propriate broad-spectrum antibiotic is the recommended treatment. I prefer the oralelectrolyte product ReSorb; sterile Lactated Ringers Solution (vetprescription) should be used for subcutaneous rehydratioin. In thecase of Floppy Kidd Syndrome, one step in its proper treatmentinvolves the use of a laxative (Milk of Magnesia) to induce milddiarrhea so that the kid's body is rid of the stagnant toxic milk thathas overloaded its digestive system.Coccidia and/or worms usually are the cause of diarrhea in kids overone month of age. Both of these conditions are transmitted by fecal-to-oral contact and occur most frequently in intensive managementsituations where pens and troughs are not kept clean and dry andwhere overcrowding exists. Accurate diagnosis of worm or coccidiaoocyst infestation is possible only by doing a microscopic fecal count.Adult-onset diarrhea is less common than in kids, but nevertheless ispossible. Overfeeding on grain (such as shell or cracked corn) cancause severe ruminal acidosis... literally shutting down the goat'sdigestive system... and can result in death. Heavy parasite loads cancause diarrhea in adult goats. Almost anything which negativelyaffects the proper functioning of the goat's rumen may causescouring.When a producer sees diarrhea in one of his goats, do not run for abottle of Pepto-Bismol, Kaeopectate, or Scour Halt. First figure outwhat is causing the scouring, then treat appropriately. Use a rectalthermometer to take the goat's body temperature. Do a microscopicexamination of the feces. Check the goat for dehydration. Pinch theskin; if it snaps back into place, the goat is not seriously dehydrated.If the skin stays 'tented' like beaten egg whites, the goat isseriously dehydrated. Mix electrolytes ReSorb or equivalent) andorally drench the animal to prevent dehydration.Never use Immodium AD' to control diarrhea in a goat. This productcan stop the peristaltic action of the gut, bringing the digestiveprocess to a halt, and death is not uncommon under suchcircumstances.Producers should recognize diarrhea as a symptom of a moreserious health problem and investigate further to find the causebefore running for the medicine bottle. Sometimes, but certainly notalways, the diarrhea is helpful in clearing up what is wrong w ith thegoat.

Enterotoxaemia –(overeaters disease) Clostridiumperfringens type D bacteria produce the poisons responsible, whenconditions in the digestive tract deprive them of oxygen.

Sudden loss of appetite. Depression and a drunken appearance.signs of stomach pain, such as kicking at their belly, laying on theirsides, crying out. As it progresses the animal becomes unable tostand and lies on side making paddling movements. Hightemperature. Very watery diarrhea

The prognosis for recovery is guarded in caprine enterotoxemia,even w ith treatment. Fluid therapy providing mixed electrolytesolution w ith bicarbonate are indicate in acute cases to countershock, dehydration an acidosis.Commercially available type C and D antitoxins should beadministered. Please note that CD ANTITOXIN is not the same asCDT Toxiod. Antitoxin MUST be used in this situation. Antibiotic



therapy may be helpful in reducing bacterial proliferation. Oral sulfashave been used successfully (see personal recommendation fortreatment) by clicking button on left

Copper BolusingI read many great blogs. I sit and read blogs more often than I poston my own…

Why?

Well, because most of them provide really useful info in anentertaining format… Throw in a healthy dose of lifeexperiences/stories and I’m a happy reader.

My blog is mostly a place where I jot down various happenings in mylife, but rarely do I post actual useable info.

Not sure how this is going to go, but I’m going to attempt tosporadically post useful “How To’s” in the future. Do note that I saidsporadically…this gets me & my sporadic, hectic, unscheduled self offthe hook for posting specifics at particular times.

So… Today’s “How To” is going to be about copper bolusing goats.In advance, I’ll forewarn y’all that this isn’t necessarily the gospel,it’s not the ONLY way to do things and I won’t be getting overlyscientific on y’all.

Copper has been linked to fertility, parasite resistance, growth,resistance to disease, & general over all health. Most minerals donot provide adequate levels of copper to meet the needs of goats.Copper bolusing is a fantastic way to give a slow release coppersupplement.

Copper deficiency can show itself in numerous ways. Also, bloodsamples are not a reliable way to check for copper levels in goats,the best way to check copper levels is by liver biopsy…Which can beperformed during a necropsy (I personally don‘t know any vetsw illing to do it on a live goat, but it can be done). Handy for the goatowner to get a view on how things are going w ith theirmanagement… Not so handy for the goat having the necropsy.

So, here are a few outward signs of copper deficiency I can showyou from my own goats (do keep in mind, these are not the onlysigns, just sharing a few from my herd).

Sabrina came to me looking a bit rough. Her diet had been a mineralblock, heavy sweet feeds (covered in molasses, which is high in ironand high iron levels inhibit copper absorption), rationed alfalfa hay,unlimited grass hay and grazing/browse. If you look at her tail tip inthis picture shortly after we brought her home you can see she hasa “fish tail” w ith a bald tail tip and the remaining tail hair resemblesa fish tail. Many goats w ill grow this hair back after proper mineralneeds are met and maintained, some won’t. Sabrina’s has filled insome, though not fully so I’m still waiting to see if hers w ill fill in.　

�

Sabrina 2011. Note the coarse coat & "fish tail"�Next up is this burnt, coppery colored hair tips. No, this is NOT sunbleaching and it was also present on the dark hairs of her legs. Herprevious home had loads of trees and shade was plentiful, where ashere in the desolate, dry land of Noodle, trees and natural shadeare sparse. For a fair comparison, I snapped pictures of her hairalmost exactly one year apart so you can look at the difference andcan compare w inter hair to w inter hair (In her before pics whichwere taken January 2011, she was pregnant & due in 2 months, inher after pics, taken January 2012, she only has 21 days left beforeher due date). Here we have minimal shade and if anything shespent MORE time in the sun than at her previous home, yet thereare no burnt colored hair tips now. Her bald tail tip has filled in someas well, though not fully. The texture of the hair is also greatlyimproved. A year ago it was course and brittle, now it’s soft and hasa healthy shine to it.

�

Before Copper. January 2011 Brittle, coarse hair. Discolorationaffected all dark hairs

�



http://postimg.org/image/sk2qk1jkp/http://postimg.org/image/5xfie6sex/

�

After Copper. January 2012. Hair has no discoloration, it's sleek,smooth (and covered in hay bits)� I didn’t think about it at the time, but I should have taken picturesof her feet. Good grief they were awful!! Her previous home kept herfeet trimmed every 2 months, but the overall condition of the hoofmaterial was very poor..... Now her feet are pretty normal and don'trequire as much effort to trim properly, nor do they have thetendency to grow misshapen as they did when she first arrived..Another sign of copper deficiency is a fading out of the coat, or whatsome folks call "ghosting". Bleuberry shows deficiency this way. Shehas no noticeable "fish tail" or burnt hair tips. I can't give youpictures of her as I shaved her down and don't have the "before"pics to share.... Just keep in mind, that even w ithin one herd,animals can display deficiencies differently.

To make a copper bolus I rely on the info provided by Joyce Lazzaroat Saanendoah. Her site w ill give you all the scientific, technical infoon her copper studies (plus show you the other signs of copperdeficiency not shown here). Fantastic read, great pictures and anygoat owner really should take the time to read her information.

First you’ll need to buy a bottle of Copasure. I buy mine from Jeffer’sLivestock. These are copper boluses made up for cattle so you’llneed to break them down into smaller doses for goats. The $40+may seem steep, but a little goes a long way so this should last youquite a while. I'll have to double check, but we bolused my mom's 3miniature does, my 2 Lamanchas, and the 2 Alpine does & I think weused 3-4 of the boluses total and we typically bolus every 4 months.

Copasure & a calf sized bolus

Using a postal scale, you weigh out the appropriate dose of copperneeded for your goat. Repackage the rods into smaller gel capsules.I place the lil' foam pad from the Copasure container on my scale,zero it out, then pour on the copper rods.

Copper Oxide rods inside a bolus

I buy the smaller gel capsules at the health food store, but recentlynoticed Jeffer's is now carrying them, as are several other onlinevendors. You can buy a variety of sizes but I personally prefer topackage all my boluses in one size gel capsule & fill accordingly. Idose according to the data collected by Joyce Lazzaro which is 1gram per 22lbs.

Next is the tricky part.



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I was instructed to use the smallest baling gun. I tried that. I gotchomped up, spit out boluses. I found it too long, bulky, and thoughtit did a very poor job of holding the smaller bolus (even w ith peanutbutter!). The goal here is to get the entire bolus swallowed WHOLE.Which means, using the baling gun, you hold open the mouth, putthe baling gun as far back as possible…. I’m not talking just in themouth. I mean over the back of the tongue and into the throat. Oncein position you push the plunger and shoot the bolus, whole, downtheir throat.

I saw videos. I had helpful folks walk me through the process andgive me 10,000 pointers. Yet, while all my goaty friends were sw iftly,happily bolusing their goats, I was not. I tried empty horsedewormer tubes… Still a no go. I gave up, and went for analternative method. Hiding the rods in treats. Sabrina would swallowan orange slice w ith a bolus in it w ith no problem. My miniature doeliked marshmallows. The rest? Not so much…they spit, chomped andbasically did whatever possible to thwart me w ith every treatimaginable.

Sadistic lil critters!

Then I found my life saver in the form of a $2 piece of plastic.

This Pill Gun (known as the "Buster Pet Piller" from Jeffers) freakingrocks!!!!!

Granted, it’s not as long as a baling gun, so I have to hold theirmouth open w ide and get it back there but that’s no biggey. This lilpill gun firmly holds the bolus w ith a rubbery grip end, plus it alsoholds about 2-3ccs of fluid so when you push the plunger, fluid alsocomes out to help push that sucker right on down their throat.

Just look at that nifty lil booger hugging my bolus!! Note- I wouldn'tuse a capsule bigger than 00 w ith this gun.

Now, a few things to keep in mind. In the front, goats only havebottom teeth, no top teeth, instead on top they have a hard “dentalpad“. However, in the back they have both top and bottom teeththat are SHARP! Your dog’s molars have nothing on the molars of agoat and I promise you, you do not want to get your fingers caught!

When bolusing, I straddle the goat, grab from the top and hold firmlyin that toothless gap, careful to keep my fingers away from thechomping molars. Tilt the head back, push pill gun up over thetongue and as far back as I can get it, then push the plunger, closetheir mouth and shove a treat in!! W ith Bleuberry, I'm not tallenough to straddle her, so I lock her in the milkstand to bolus her.Easy Peasy! So easy in fact, that Clayton, my 8 year old, bolusedCasper w ithout a single problem….No spit out boluses, no chompedboluses, and no missing fingers.

Now, there is some debate on whether or not bolusing via treats isas reliable as the traditional baling gun (or pet pill gun) method, I‘mnot getting into all that here. I did the treat method out ofdesperation, but in all honesty, I prefer the pill gun and giving full,un-chewed boluses. That way I KNOW without a doubt that theyreceived their full dose.

How the bolus works. � Now, do keep in mind that copper is justone part in the mineral equation. Depending on your area you mayhave other deficiencies to worry about. For my area, and my herd, Ihave best results copper bolusing every 3-4 months, and I also giveBo-Se which is an injectable Vitamin E/Selenium that you can obtainw ith a vet RX. In addition to this I feed a high quality LOOSE mineral.

Emphasis on LOOSE mineral, as in bagged and similar to coarsesand in texture. Yes, there are mineral blocks available, but haveyou ever been licked by a goat? If not, come over and I’ll set Sabrinaon ya.

Goats have very smooth tongues like a dog does which make it a bit



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more difficult to get all they need simply by licking at the block.Mineral blocks are typically full of cheap salts, so the goat needs toconsume more of the block in order to meet it’s mineral needs.Problem is, the goat is attracted to the mineral block because of thesalt and they typically get their fill of salt before they’ve come closeto consuming the necessary amount of minerals. So all in all, whileit’s a convenient concept, to me, a mineral block is worthless.

There are a variety of loose minerals on the market. Steer clear of“Sheep & Goat” minerals. Copper is toxic to sheep, while studieshave shown that goats need a good bit of it, so a mineral safe forsheep just isn’t going to come close to meeting a goat’s copperneeds. I prefer to buy dark, loose minerals…grey, brownish ones.The red ones usually contain higher levels of iron and iron inhibitscopper absorption. Add in that many of the red minerals have iffyamounts and sources of copper to begin w ith and it’s just not worththe money. The best I could find, in my area is Cargill Right NowOnyx, a cattle mineral and the goats seem to do great on it andreadily consume it, so I’m happy.

Also, a side note… Copper boluses are made of copper OXIDE. I seesome folks grabbing bottles of copper SULFATE and just pouring whoknows how much into their water troughs, and some who even havefed it via syringe. Do keep in mind that there is such a thing as “Toomuch of a good thing”. The copper OXIDE rods in the bolus dissolveslow ly over a period of MONTHS in the digestive tract of the goat andwhen used properly, pose no risk of copper toxicity. The coppersulfate CAN be toxic and it is not a gradual release form of coppersupplementation....

Floppy Kid Syndrome -Some people believe it is caused bytoo much rich milk and others believe that it is associated w ith e-coli.

Newborn kids seem to do well for a few days after birth then start toshow depression and weakness of limbs that progress to flaccidparalysis. Drunken appearance. No signs of diarrhea or elevatedtemperature. Possible distension of the abdomen.

Remove kid from source of Milk immediately for 24 to 36 hours.Dissolve a teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate in a glass of water. W itha syringe administer between 20 and 50 cc of the solution orally. Doit slow ly so the kid has time to swallow. Repeat the treatment at 1,3, 6, 12 hours from initial treatment. Feed electrolytes as alternativeuntil returned to milk. Also administer a w ide spectrum antibiotic toprevent secondary bacterial infections. ANOTHER POSSIBLESOLUTION Treatment is one-half tsp baking soda, mixed w ithelectrolytes and one-half teaspoon Pepto-Bismol.Repeat in 6-12 hours. Not required to pull from mother's milk fromthis solution's perspective

Third Solution - If the kid can still walk but is wobbly then give 2cclong-acting penicillin orally and 500MG thiamin. The Thiamin is mixedwith the penicillin, and is imperative to recovery This should work in6 hours. If the kid is comatose, give 5CC %50 dextrose orally andkeep warm. Give the pen and thiamin for 3 days once a day.

Foot & Mouth Disease - viral disease of cloven-hoofedanimals.

Blisters or vesicles form in any of the follow ing places: lips, tongue,teats, or the coronary band of the hoof. Tend to become lame andpossibly salivate excessively.

Must be controlled from occurring. Animals exposed to the diseaseare destroyed.

Foot Rot – Fusiformis nodosus infection enters the hoof andcauses inflammation of the sensitive laminae.

Lameness, mild to severe. There is a foul smell associated w ith it.Animals are reluctant to walk.

Hoof paring in order to remove the underrun hoof. Apply antisepticagents in order to remove any infection

Gastro-intestinal roundworms – infest stomach andintestines sucking blood or reducing the absorption of digested foodmaterials from the gut

Diarrhea and weight loss, anaemia

Drench w ith dewormer medicine such as Ivomec, Cydectin. Makesure the worms are not resistant to your dewormer.

(Goat Polio) - a Thiamine (Vitamin B 1) deficiency. From improperfeeding, particularly feeding too much grain and too little roughage.

Excitability, "stargazing", muscle rigidity, uncoordinated staggeringand/or weaving, drunkenness, circling, diarrhea, muscle tremor,head against wall, and apparent blindness. A rapid, involuntary,oscillatory motion of the eyeball. As it progresses, convulsions andhigh fever may occur, and if untreated, the animal generally diesw ithin 24-72 hours.



Thiamine is the only effective therapy, and treatment can result inimprovement in as little as two hours, if the disease is caught earlyenough. Dosage is related to body weight: Use 500mg/ml Thiamin.Start w ith a gram (1,000 mg) IM the first dose, then at least 500mgper day for as long as it takes for complete recovery.Polio can becaused by plant thiaminase, or bacteria that either inhibit productionof thiamin in the goat's gut, or consume the thiamin. On the morningof day 2, give 500mg Thiamin orally, and 500mg SQ. . If the goat w illeat, feed her. Giving polio afflicted animals a shot of the anti-inflammatory Dexamethasone can aid in recovery. also try toencourage consumption of roughage !!

Indigestion - - failure of normal rumenal movement. Associatedwith high intake of concentrate foodstuffs.

Off of food, slightly dull

Generally recovers w ithin two days. Sodium bicarbonate given bymouth may be of some use if there is a tendency to acid conditionsin the rumen. Offer animal a quart of salt water w ith 25 g of sodiumbicarbonate dissolved in it.

Inverted Eyelid (Entropion) - An inword deviation orrolling of the eyelid that caused a contact irritation of the cornea andconjunctiva by the eyelashes.

Involuntary forcible closure of the eyelids. Uncontrollable blinking.Excessive sensitivity to light and the aversion to sunlight.Inflammation of the eye involving both the cornea and themembrane that coats the inner surfaces of the eyelids and the outersurface of the eye. Cloudy looking eye. Watery eye.

Initial treatment involved the administration of topical antibioticointments and attempt to correct the eyelid to not turn in. Topicalantibiotic ointments can include Terramycin, Neomycin salve or B.N.P.Triple Antibiotic Ophthalmic Ointment tw ice a day. The eyelid maycorrect on its own or w ith some assistance several times a day. Ifnot, a vet may be able to give a shot of of procaine penicillin underthe eyelid to force it out. A vet can clamp the skin of the affectedeyelid w ith a mosquito hemostat to create swelling and resultantexcessive membrane fibrous to help correct the eye. Finally a vet cando corrective surgery to the eyelid to prevent it from being inverted.

Johne’s Disease – chronic incurable infection of the intestinesby Mycobacterium johnei bacterium. Causes a thickening of theintestine

Loss of condition, occasional scouring, becoming more frequent w ithbubbles of gas in the droppings. Weakness. Thirst may increase.

None. Slaughter animal as soon as possible to prevent spread toother animals

Ketosis – Lactating doe is unable to obtain large amounts ofenergy feed and Ketones accumulate in the blood

Goes off food. Milk yield falls. Sweet smell in the goat’s breath

Ketosis needs prompt attention, if not addressed quickly, moremetabolic issues like toxemia w ill creep up. Dextrose is greattreatment and there are several forms of it available. You may usethe injectable cattle Dextrose drenched orally.Corticosteroid drug and oral propylene glycol are also viabletreatment options. In progressed cases dextrose given via IV isnecessary and requires the assistance of a veterinarian.

Lice – parasite

Intense irritation, rubbing, bald patches and itching, usually duringthe w inter months

Louse powder w ill normally control the problem. Insecticides forspray or dip repeated.

Listeriosis - caused by the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes,found in soil, water, plant litter, silage and goat's digestive tract.Brought on by feeding silage, sudden changes in kind of feed,parasitism, dramatic weather changes and advanced stages ofpregnancy.

Depression, decreased appetite, fever, leaning or stumbling ormoving in one direction only, head pulled to flank w ith rigid neck,facial paralysis on one side, slack jaw, and drooling, abortions.

Administration of Procaine penicillin every six hours for three to fivedays, then daily for an additional seven days. Banamine should beadministered for fever.

Lungworms – worms inhabit the air passages and causeinflammation (parasite pneumonia)

Chronic cough



Drench w ith dewormer such as Ivomec

Mange, Chorioptes caprae infest the skin of the lower leg

Itchiness may be noticed and there may be small crusty scabs.

Mange, Demodectic – Demodex caprae invade the hair follicles andsebaceous glands of the skin

Small lumps are noticed in the skin. They may be like a cyst or bag offluid.

Ivermectin injected subq once a week for 7 weeks.(GOC)

Mange, Psoroptic – Psoroptes caprae which infests the ears

May cause head-shaking and scratching.

Gamma benzene hexachloride and gammexane can be used

Mange, Sarcoptic – Saroptes scabei burrow in the skin and lay theireggs in tunnels

Terrible itching, Skin becomes raised, red and hairless round theeyes, ears and nose.

Infestation can be passed to other goats. Veterinary treatment isrequired.

Mastitis - inflammation of the udder, almost always associated w ithgerms

Misery, udder hot, hard and very tender, appetite lost, pupils of eyesnarrowed to slits

Antibiotics, and supportive therapy. Milk should be cultured in laband sensitivity test run to determine which antibiotic is necessary.Once lab test are back, use the appropriate antibiotic udder infusionsuch as Today, Tomorrow or Pirsue. Sterile administration of theseinfusions is essential. Banamine should be given for fever andinflammation.

Mastitis (gangrene) - inflammation of the udder, almostalways associated w ith germs

bruised looking udder. Doe show signs of generalized illness:depression, fever or loss of appetite. Gangrene mastitis should besuspect if the udder is cold, swollen w ith an excessive accumulationof fluid and the milk is watery or bloody.

CD antitoxin -7cc SQPoly Serum - 10cc SQ10cc Penicillin SQ & 5cc IM,Banamine - 1cc/100lbs IMfollow w ith 10cc Penicillin SQ per day for 5 more days.If you have Nuflor, give her 6cc/100lbs SQ first day, and 3cc/100 forat least 5 days more

This seems like it could be excessive, but this type of Mastitis is atrue emergency. You can spray the udder w ith Scarlet oil as itsloughs, and it w ill clean up all by it's self. I have had does loose halfof the udder, and never stop eating w ith this treatment. If you catchit fast enough, you may actually save the udder.

Mycotoxin - "Myco means fungus and toxin means poison" - apoisoning of an animal from a fungus growth normally in old hay orfeed.

Excessive salavation, depression, anorexia, convulsions, arched back

Varies according to the source of problem. Remove the "bad" feed orhay from the animals immediately. Administration of activatedcharcoal may inhibit additional uptake of toxin from the gut. Mineraloil may help.

Navel Ill – dirty environments infecting the navel cord after birth

Young kid w ith swollen, painful navel which may look red

Antibiotic injections. Area around the navel should be cleaned w ithantiseptic iodine, crusty scabs removed by soaking and any pocketsof pus drained.

Pneumonia – infection of the lung

Refuses food, stands around hanging head down, soundscongested, elevated temperature, and coughs and breathes rapidlyor w ith difficulty.

Antibacterial drugs such as Oxytetracycline. May require veterinary-



only drugs if severe. Benadryl may be given to help dry up mucusand Banamine is recommended for fever and to prevent lung scaringdue to inflammation. Supporting the immune system w ith vitamin Cchewables and an injection of Bo-Se can shorten recovery time.

Pregnancy Toxemia - a metabolic disease of does in latepregnancy. Most of the nutrition is going to the kids. Similar toKetosis. Ketosis is after birthing.

Lethargy and losses of appetite over one to two weeks, generally invery late pregnancy. Limping or swelling of feet. Laying around notwanting to get up. Sweet-smelling (ketotic) breath. Ketosis stripscan be used to identify if the doe is ketotic

Give doe propylene glycol tw ice a day. BREEDER SOLUTION : give60cc drench in am and pm. also create a mixture of sodiumbicarbonate w ith water and give 30cc drench am and pm. Help getthe doe up and moving around during the day and offering food.Another Solution Give her 3 Tbs Calf Pac mixed w ith 100cc Reviveand 100cc water. Give the doe 200cc of Revive every 2 hours, w ithCalf Pac in it. Also, once you get the doe awake, always give alfalfa,and corn w ith the sweet feed. Give her at least 6-8 oz. Magic atnight to hold them.Pregnancy toxemia is a life threatening metabolic disorder that istied in w ith other metabolic issues, namely ketosis andhypocalcemia. Each disorder causes a chain reaction, compiling onedisorder on top of aother. Take temp and if lower than normal youhave verification hypocalcemia is also a factor. To treat, inject 60cc ofinjectable CMPK (vet RX) SubQ. Give 30cc at one site, the other 30ccin another. Use sterile technique, warm CMPK to body temp andinject slow ly. This w ill address the underlying hypocalcemia issue.Next using injectable dextrose in the same manner, as well asdrenching orally is a faster way to provide sugar (energy) to the doeand it's a lil less harsh than propylene glycol. If you'd rather notinject the dextrose, just drench orally.

Ringworms – Fungal condition

Grey-white crusty appearance on small areas of skin. Skin is usuallythickened and the hairs thin or absent. Generally no itching orevidence of irritation. Enlargement of affected areas occurs.

Fungicidal preparations applied as a liquid dressing. Any of thefollow ing daily for five days and then weekly:

0.5% Lime sulphur1:10 bleach1:300 Captan1% Betadine

(Sore Mouth) –- Highly infectious viral disease to animals andhumans. ORF is the name for this in humans.

Pimples about the nose, mouth, eyes, anus and hoofs. Turning towatery blisters, then to sticky and encrusted scabs. Swelling ofmouth and gums. W ill run a course of around three weeks. Animalscan die if they are unable to eat or nurse because of the soremouth.

Difficult. Dress w ith antibiotic spray or ointment. Isolate infectedanimals. There is a Ovine Ecthyma Vaccine against sore mouthinfection to all animals. Vaccine to infected animals may reduce thetime to recover. We do not recommend vaccinating. We let thesoremouth run its course of 3 weeks and doctor severe cases. Weuse medication w ith Cephapirin Benzathine in it. Two brands areCefa-Dri and Tomorrow. CHX-Guard LA gel antibacterial agentadheres to the gums of infected animals.

Tapeworms – inhabit the small intestine

Examination of the goat’s droppings. Young goats w ill passtapeworm segments in their feces during the summer months.

An anthelmintic such as albendazole can be used. Oral niclosamide ishighly effective.

Tetanus - Infection of open wounds by the bacterium Clostridiumtetani results in tetanus (lockjaw)

A general increase in muscle stiffness is seen, causing an unsteadygait. Eyelid begins to extend over the eye and animal looks"anxious". The symptoms get progressively worse and convulsionsmay occur. The goat dies because it is unable to breathe.

Goats can be treated w ith antibiotics such as penicillin and antisera,but response is poor. The site of bacterial proliferation should besearched for and whenever possible, the wound or infection siteshould be opened to the air, debrided, flushed w ith hydrogenperoxide and infiltrated w ith penicillin. The area be infiltrated w ithtetanus antitoxin before the wound cleaning process is begun toreduce the chance that more pre-existing toxin w ill b absorbedduring tissue manipulations. If Tetanus is suspected, administeringTetanus Antitoxin ASAP can increase your chances of a favorable




outcome. Do note that tetanus antitoxin is NOT the same as CDTToxoid.

Urinary Calculi - A hard mass of mineral salts in the urinarytract caused by a dietary mineral imbalance, usually in bucks

Restlessness, straining to urinate, pawing the ground, recurrentlooking at its own abdomen, vocal signs of pain

Most treatment must be done by veterinarians. Often requiring theremoval of the tip of the penis. Look at the details in the articleCLICK ON BUTTON Watch bucks at least once a day to ensure theyare urinating properly w ithout difficulty. If you suspect anythingMIGHT be off, a drench of ammonium chloride can rectify the situationif caught soon enough.To prevent UC, it is advised to maintain proper dietary balance ofcalcium and phosphorus. Ideally you'd like a 2:1 ratio of calcium tophosphorus. Phosphorus feed items are grain and grass hays, anexample of calcium is alfalfa and clovers. Not over feeding grain,providing diverse, adequate forage items and plenty of cool, cleanwater w ill go a long way in preventing UC. For extra insurance, youmay also mix a bit of the powdered ammonium chloride into yourbucks loose minerals.

White Muscle Disease - deficiency of Vitamin E and Selenium

stiffness, weakness and trembling. Back legs become stiff andunable to use. Can result in death

Administration of selenium, together w ith vitamin E. Bo-Se is aninjectable selenium sold by RX. Inject at 1cc per 40lbs.

Last Edit: Mar 20, 2014 at 10:28pm by Clever

experience/ 6 m ilk ing goats,45 meat goats,50 chickens 65 rabbits,2 cats,1dog,numbers change constantly .local farm animal rescue .5 years off grid1/2 m ile in woods and self sufficient.redneck heart attitude to match.beforethat NYB.

stick ing it to the power companies 1 watt at a time

CleverAdministrator



a few thing that should be in your medical bag at all times baking sodablukote spray bottles cayane pepper as blood stop feeding tubeglovesgood medical tape IODINE 7%nipplespvc pipe 1"pvc pipe 1.5"pvcpipe 2"python dustneedles 20"-22"-24" x1"pepto bismostop powder super glue syringes 3cc-6cc-12cc- 2oz thermometer rectal

items and dosage alumina shield spray ASLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE ASLb complex inject 1cc/50#b complex paste ASLbanamine RX 1cc/100#Baycox 1cc/5# one time Benadryl Human dosages applybloat release ASLBo-Se RX 1CC/30#CDT Toxoid ASLCMPK Injectable RX 60cc to bdy temp. Inject 30cc in 2 placescolustrum gel or treated ASLCopper Oxide Rods (Copasure) 1 gram per 22lbsCorid 9.6% solution 1.25cc per 5lbs of body weight Do not diluteCorid Powder 1.1 grams per 10lbs Mix msurd dose w ith water drenchcydectin drench for sheep 5CC/22#cydectin pour on for cattle 1CC/22#Cystorelin RX 1cc standing heat ,1cc 24 hours later imdexamethazone RX 1to2mg /20# , for inducing 5cc per doe check strength on bottle mg /cc //imDEXTROSE 50% ASLdi methox 12.5% 3.5cc/5#di methox powder 1g/10#



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Di-Methox 40% Injectable PrVtion 1CC/5# DAY 1 THEN 4X DAYS1CC/10#Sulfadimethoxine can be sold under other brand names.Di-Methox 40% Injectable TrMnt 5 DAYS 1CC/5#drench ASLDuramycin72 3cc per 100lbs x 5 days electro gel ASLelectrolytes ASLequimax paste double the horse dosage first arrival paste ASLfootroot ringworm spray pink ASLiron paste 2CC PER ADULT WEEKLY Ivermectin 1% injectable 1cc per 30lbs orallyIvermectin Plus Injectable 1cc per 30lbs orallyjeffers ivermectin paste double the horse dosage jump start ASLla 200 ASLlactated ringers ASLlute RX 2CC//IM MSO ASLneomycin ASLNFZ PUFFER ASLnich quick start ASLnuflor RX 3CC/100# X 5 DAYS oxytocin RX .5-1CC IM /DOE CERVIX MUST STILL BE OPEN PIRSUE RX 1 TUBE/EACH SIDE OF UDDER REPEAT EVERY 12 TO 24 HOURS X3-5 DAYS pro bios ASLprohibit 2CC/100# CON MIX OF THE PACKQuest Gel 1cc per 100lbsReplamin Plus Gel 5cc per adult goatSafeguard Liquid 1CC/10#scour halt 1CC/10#selenium and e gel ASLTerramycin® Eye Ointment ASLTetanus Antitoxin ASLToday Udder Infusion ASLTomorrow Udder Infusion ASLToxiBan charcoal ASLtylan 200 ASLTypes C & D Antitoxin 10-15cc for adults repeat /12 hours kids half of that Valbazen 1CC/10#Vetericyn Animal Ophthalmic Gel ASLVetericyn Pinkeye Spray ASLvitamin a d e b12 gel ASLZimectrin Gold Paste 1cc per 40lbs

Last Edit: Mar 20, 2014 at 10:27pm by Clever



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