background information william the conqueror norman (in france) who claimed the throne of england...
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Background InformationWilliam the Conqueror
Norman (in France) who claimed the throne of England
October 14, 1066 is the last time England was invaded successfully at the Battle of Hastings
CLAIMS ALL OF ENGLAND AS HIS PERSONAL PROPERTY.
Background InformationHenry II
Introduces use of the jury in English courts
Creates a unified system of law "common" to the country
English English Common LawCommon Law
A system of law "common" to the country through or over time based from the people’s customs.
King John King John angered his barons by:
Raising taxesTaking money for wars (which he kept losing)
Arguing with the Pope and trying to take control over Church decisions
Threw people in jail for no good reason
King John
barons/nobles nobles look for a way to limit the kings’ powers and protect their own rights in return
Magna Carta
In 1215, at the meadow of Runnymede, a group of nobles and lords forced King John to approve a document they had written: Magna Carta
The Ideas and Effects of the Magna Carta
1. No imprisonment without a trial by jury *habeas corpus-“you have the
body”- meant that people could not be held in jail without a reason
[Due Process]2. Must consult lords before raising
taxes [power-of-the-purse]
The Ideas and Effects of the Magna Carta
3. Could not interfere with or limit the freedom of the church
4. Most importantly, the Magna Carta required that everyone- even the king- had to obey the law
[Rule of Law]
Changes after Magna Carta Conflicts still continued until (and
after) his death the following year The Magna Carta lived on inspiring
the English to find more ways to limit the king’s power
Changes after Magna Carta A council of nobles who advise the
king was created, which eventually developed into Parliament, the lawmaking body that governs England today
By the late Middle Ages, kings could do little without Parliaments support