Background Source 2Q 131

• “The best gift from Allah to mankind is good health. Everyone should reach that goal by preserving it for now and the future.”

Physicians 2S 135

• Al-Razi-Known in the west by Latin name Rhazes• He was a polymath; smart in all subjects (not just in

medicine• Subjects included; theology, philosophy, mathematics,

astronomy, natural sciences, and alchemy• Texts included; “On the fact that even Skillful

Physicians Cannot Heal Diseases” and “Why People Prefer Quacks and Charlatans to Skilled Physicians”

• Most famous text was called, “On Smallpox and Measles”

Medicine 2Q 131

• “It was thought that illness could be countered by utilizing the patient’s own systemic resources in helping along the processes of curing or healing.”

Magic 2Q 132

• “Evil spirits or forces of magic often connected with disease and treatment in the medieval west and elsewhere.”

Tools/Antibiotics 2Q 132

• “One of Muslims’ greatest sources of practical info, used by both physicians and pharmacists, was De Materia Medica, Written in the 1st Century AD by Dioscorides, a Greek surgeon on duty with the Roman Army.

Tools/Antibiotics 2S 132

• The De Materia Medica described with detail:– The broad range of drugs, and plants from which

the drugs could be extracted – The medicinal herbs of Indian Medicine etc.

Hospitals 2S 133

• The Muslim’s had great organizing skills and had, “special clinical and surgical skills,” These together made the development of their hospitals a great success!

Hospitals 2S 133

• In Medieval Europe:– Hospitals were associated with religious orders, in

particular monasteries.

Cures 2Q 133

• “Beyond utilizing pharmacies and gardens of medical plants, medical care, while compassionate, was oriented more to filling the patients spiritual needs that to treating bodily disease and injury.”

Diseases 2Q 133

• “Thoughtful attention was given to mental illness in the medieval west, but some of the less severe manifestations of psychosis were frowned on by the church as symptoms of laziness

Hospitals 2S 133

• The first hospitals was built in the 8th century under Caliph Al-Rashid (Or the Caliph of the Thousand Nights and One Night).

• The second hospital and so on were built from one city to another all throughout the islamic empire.