bacnet vs lon
TRANSCRIPT
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BACnet vs. LON Open Discussion Seminar
12/06/2005
Moderator:Ryan R. Hoger
Illinois Chapter [email protected]
LON Presenter:Ron Bernstein
LonMark [email protected]
BACnet Presenter:Bob Johnson
ASHRAE BACnet [email protected]
LLONONMMARKARK®® InternationalInternational
Open Systems Overview
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What Keeps People Awake At What Keeps People Awake At Night?Night?
Facility Manager ConcernsFacility Manager Concerns
§ Operational costs§ Leveraging
investments§ Revenue generation§ Facility comfort§ Regulatory compliance§ Improving productivity§ Risk management§ Safety & security
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Specifier ConcernsSpecifier Concerns
§ Litigation§ Education and training§ Erosion in fees§ Tying into legacy systems§ Coordination of OEM
controls§ Developing and managing
an integrated BAS specification§ Keeping up with
Integrator/Contractor ConcernsIntegrator/Contractor Concerns
§ Multi-vendor tech support§ Competitive products§ Training and education§ Meeting specifications § Product quality§ Sourcing product§ Vendor selection§ Expanding beyond legacy
systems§ Developing a
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Open Systems Is The Thread Open Systems Is The Thread That Ties Everything Together?That Ties Everything Together?
§ Greater choices in vendors and suppliers§ Increased business
opportunities§ New revenue
opportunities§ Happier building owners
and tenants§ Cost savings
Open Systems DeliverOpen Systems Deliver
§ Freedom to choose – now or later
§ Suppliers
§ Products
§ Systems
§ Integrators
§ Maintenance and support
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Open Systems DefinedOpen Systems Defined
Open building systems are created using the products and systems from multiple vendors that in the end offer greater flexibility, easier management, higher levels of scalability, and lower life cycle costs.
Traditional Closed SystemTraditional Closed System
§ Single vendor§ Leads to costly service
and system expansion§ Limits sub-system
expansion§ Limits number of
service providers§ Restricts
interoperability with other vendors / systems§ Limits choices§ Creates “Islands of
automationӯLocks owners in for the life of the system !
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Open SystemOpen System§ Multiple vendors§ Affordable and
economical service and system expansion
§ Sub-system and device-level expansion at any time
§ Full choice of service providers
§ Facilitate interoperability with other vendors / systems
§ Plethora of choices§ Flexible, expandable
automationØOwners retain freedom of choice throughout the lifetime of the system !
What is the LONWORKS®
Platform?
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Key ConceptsKey Concepts
§ Networks extend beyond computers§ Sensors§ Actuators§ Controllers§ Interface panels§ Displays
§ Control networks benefit everyone§ Manufacturer’s§ System integrator’s§ End-user’s
§ Solutions available for every industry§ Industrial controls§ Building automation§ Transportation
Key TermsKey Terms
§ LON® – Local Operating Network§ A device network for control, sensing, and monitoring
systems§ The LonTalk® Protocol
§ A Protocol designed for use in control networks§ A published, open standard (ANSI/EIA-709.1, ISO in process)§ Imbedded in silicon as the Neuron® Chip from Cypress
Semiconductor and Toshiba § Fully backwards compatible since 1990
§ The LONWORKS Platform§ A family of hardware and software products§ Supports development and use of control networks§ An ‘umbrella’ name for the technology created by Echelon
§ LONMARK Interoperability§ An independent trade organization§ Dedicated to facilitating interoperable products
§ LNS® – LONWORKS Network Services§ A Network Operating Systems for managing LONWORKS
Networks§ SNVTs – Standard Network Variable Types§ SCPTs – Standard Configuration Property Types
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What Is A Protocol?
ActuatorSensor
A protocol is the set of rules and procedures intelligent devices use to communicate with each other
The LonTalk Protocol
ActuatorSensor
•“Predictive P-persistent CSMA with Optional Collision Detection and Optional Priority”
•Development started in 1983
•Cast into silicon in 1990
•No changes
•Fully backwards compatible
http://www.echelon.com/solutions/ opensystems/papers/ovrview.pdf
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ActuatorSensor
•Standards Associations
•ANSI EIA-709.1
•SEMI
•IFSF
•AARR
•ASHRAE SPC-135
•IEEE
•CEN (ISO in process)
•LONMARK
The LonTalk Protocol
Scalability
ActuatorSensor
•127 Nodes/Subnet
•255 Subnets/Domain
•248 Domains/System
•=127*255*248
•=32385x248 nodes/system
•??? Systems/Enterprise
•Features:
•Small to Large System Scalability
•Single Network Database
•Common Network Tool Set
•Peer-to-peer Communication
•Reduced single point of failure
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The ISO OSI 7 Layer Protocol ModelThe ISO OSI 7 Layer Protocol Model
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical1
2
3
4
5
6
7 Application Program
Data Interpretation
Remote Actions
End-to-End Reliability
Destination Addressing
Media Access & Framing
Electrical Interconnect
Standard objects & types, configprops, file xfer, network services
Network variables, application messages, foreign frames
Dialog, remote procedure calls, connection recovery
End-to-End acks, service type,pkt sequencing, duplicate detect
Unicast & multicast, destinationaddressing, packet routing
Framing, data encoding, CRC, media access, collision detect
Media specific details, xceiver type, physical connect
OSI Layer Purpose Services
International Standards Organization’s Open Systems Interconnect Model - www.iso.org
The Core Technology The Core Technology –– Cast Into SiliconCast Into Silicon
l Layers 1-6 are standardl Operating Systeml Run Time Softwarel I/O Device Controllersl EEPROMl RAMl ROMl Network Transceiver Interfacel Microprocessorsl Serialized ID
Micro-Controller
The LonTalk protocol is imbedded in silicon providing reliable communications & processing – available from multiple suppliersThe LonTalk protocol is imbedded in silicon providing reliable communications & processing – available from multiple suppliers
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LLONONWWORKSORKS: : A Control Networking Technology PlatformA Control Networking Technology Platform
Over one or more media.
Communicating using a common protocol ...
Intelligent devices, nodes :
(Actuators, sensors, controllers, equipment)
Polarity InsensitiveLoopsBusesStarTreeDaisy ChainAny combination of wire500 meters64 Nodes
ANSI EIAANSI EIA--709.3 Free Topology Transceiver 709.3 Free Topology Transceiver Simplifies Network WiringSimplifies Network Wiring
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MultipleMultiple--Channel Networks Channel Networks Connected with RoutersConnected with Routers
Router
Router
§ LONWORKS Routers§ True Layer 3 Routing
– transparent to network devices
§ Intelligently filter network traffic
§ Extend network length§ Increase maximum
device limits on channels
§ Available from multiple vendors for a variety of media types
§ Not a Gateway!
Internet
A Single Cohesive Network With EIA-852 Routing
131.1.10.6
143.77.105.27
243.47.185.9
IP RoutersCompany WAN
53.107.155.9
248.17.15.44
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Typical LonTalk PacketTypical LonTalk Packet
BacklogPriorityAlt Path
12 Bytes
Layer 2Header
Layer 3Address Information
Layer 4Service Type
Layer 5/ 6Header
Layer 2CRC
DATA
Addr Format, Domain LengthSource Addr (Subnet/Node)
Dest Addr (Group)Domain ID (Zero Len Domain)
Service Type IDTransaction Num
Network VariableSelector
2 BytesUnsigned
Long 2 Bytes
2 Bytes
1 Byte
1 Byte
1 Byte
2 Bytes
1 Byte
0 Bytes
§ Packet encoding and size optimized for control
Motion Detector Lamp
ON/OFF Command
Command vs. EventCommand vs. Event--driven Systemsdriven Systems
§ The old way: command-driven systems require software and device modifications whenever a change is made
§ The right way : event-driven systems in which sensors “publish” information, and actuators “subscribe” to the information of interest to them. Data are exchanged using network variables: data from different manufacturers can be exchanged with a common interpretation
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Room Temp
Set Point
Temp
Set Point
Temp Sensor(Made in USA)
Setpoint Display(Made in China)
Boiler System(Made in Europe)
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Adding Devices To An EventAdding Devices To An Event--Driven SystemDriven System
§ Devices are logically connected (“bound”) together without affecting the application program in the device
Motion Detector
Key Pad
Control Knob
0% - 100%
Motion
Lamp
Brightness
Room Occupied
Alarm Bell
Key Code
Feedback
AlarmArm / Disarm
Intruder
Why is LWhy is LONONMMARKARK Important?Important?
Because the “Market” says so…
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How Mature is the LHow Mature is the LONONWWORKSORKS
Market?Market?
Total Available MarketOpen Systems
Other(Propreitary)
Technology Adoption Life CycleSource: Crossing the Chasm
By: Geoffrey A. Moore
Early Majority
Late Majority
Early Adopters
Laggards
Innovators
We have been here
Open Systems Market ShareConsistent with the Technology
Adoption Life Cycle
LLONONWWORKSORKS Moving to Moving to Widespread Global AcceptanceWidespread Global Acceptance
Total Available MarketOpen Systems
Other(Propreitary)
Technology Adoption Life CycleSource: Crossing the Chasm
By: Geoffrey A. Moore
Early AdoptersEarly Majority
Late Majority
Laggards
Innovators
Now moving
here
Open Systems Market ShareConsistent with the Technology
Adoption Life Cycle
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Proof of Global Market Proof of Global Market AcceptanceAcceptance
§ Formal Industry Standards§ Controlled by ANSI Industry Standard – EIA 709.1§ XML and OBIX standards for the IT world§ Interoperability Guidelines to CEN for inclusion in EN 14908 standard§ Working with CECED (appliances) and IFSF (forecourts) on European standards§ Supporting global ISO standards initiative for LonTalk and LONM ARK
§ Many others§ Market acceptance and momentum
§ Thousands of installations in buildings, homes, transportation, more§ Over 50 million installed devices (worldwide)§ Some of the world’s largest end user’s are specifying L ONWORKS
§ Mechanism to own and foster improvement and promotion§ LONM ARK International – a driving force worldwide
§ Strong support from enablers§ 100’s of Manufacturers§ 1000’s of products available§ 1000’s of System Integrators/Installers§ 10,000’s of systems installed§ Multiple markets and applications supported
Reality of Open Systems Reality of Open Systems --Engineer’s PerspectiveEngineer’s Perspective
§ Provide Increased Level of Service§ Knowledge of technology applications is critical
§ Engineer the project 100% upfront§ Enhance performance through integration§ Create value for the owner§ Competitive bids throughout the lifecycle of the facility§ Reduction in lifecycle costs § Eliminate sole source procurement requirement§ Maintain consistency across multiple facilities
§ Design a system that meets client expectations§ Not performance specifications§ Enhance professional service offering
§ Happy Clients = Recurring Business
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LLONONMMARKARK InternationalInternational
Foundation for Open Systems
LLONONMMARKARK International OverviewInternational Overview
§ Eleven year old industry association§ Non-profit corporation§ Governed by independent board of
directors§ Over 300 member companies
worldwide§ Promote the LONMARK standard
through marketing activities§ Tested and certified nearly 700
devices and controllers § Marketing resource for members to
promote their products and services
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LLONONMMARKARK MembershipMembership
Americas45%
Europe26%
Asia Pacific29%
Membership is open to any manufacturer, end-user and system integrator committed to the development and use of open, interoperable products using ANSI/EIA/CEA 709.1 and related standards including European standard EN 14908.
LLONONMMARKARK AffiliatesAffiliates
§ Active§ Americas§ Denmark§ Japan§ Switzerland§ UK
§ In Progress§ Adriatic§ Australia§ China§ Germany§ Korea§ Russia
§ Interested§ France§ Italy§ Netherlands
§ Poland§ Sweden
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LLONONMMARKARK Americas (LMA)Americas (LMA)
§ First LONMARK affiliate§ Formed in September 2004 as
non-profit mutual benefit corporation§ Over 130 member companies§ Focus on local market issues and
opportunities§ Mission:
“To enhance the success of our members through the education
LLONONMMARKARK Devices Deliver Devices Deliver Interoperability Interoperability
§ LONMARK International provides§ Powerful forum for end-users,
integrators, specifiers and end-users to define industry requirements = equal voice
§ Defines device SNVTs, Objects, Profiles, and System
§ Interoperability design guidelines
§ Product verification and conformance testing
§ Integrator certification
§ LONMARK certification means devices will interoperate
www.lonmark.org
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0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005*
LLONONMMARKARK Certified ProductsCertified Products
*includes certifications in process
LLONONMMARKARK Open SystemOpen System
SOAP/XMLWeb Services
Connectivity
Devices
Network Software&
Tools
Systems Integrator
Unified Network Database
Management Interface
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New Technical DevelopmentsNew Technical Developments
§ Profile Development§ Creating profiles for ISO 16484-3§ Creating profiles for programmable controllers§ Creating new profiles for chillers and drives§ Implementing ISI profiles for home
automation and refrigeration
§ System level expansion§ Creating network tool standards§ Creating connectivity standards for network
interfaces, routers and gateways§ Creating web services standards using oBIX /
OASIS
LLONONMMARKARK & & BACnetBACnet
A Comparison
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Comparing Apples & OrangesComparing Apples & Oranges
§ LONMARK and BACnet have very little in common§ Different origins:
technology vs. specification§ Distinctive network
architectures§ Diverse hardware and
software requirements
Comparing BACnet and Comparing BACnet and LLONONMMARKARK
§ System architecture§ System and device characteristics § Conformance testing and
certification§ Product selection § Network management and
diagnostic tools§ XML and Web services§ Standards support
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Historical ComparisonHistorical Comparison
§ 1988 – Technology invented§ 1994 – LONMARK Organization
formed§ 1995 – 1st certified product§ 1997 – LNS 1.0 released§ 1998 – 100 certified products§ 1999 – ANSI/EIA standard§ 1999 – 200 certified products§ 2001 – 300 certified products§ 2002 – Address space
increased through ANSI§ 2002 – 400 certified products§ 2004 – 670 certified
products/co-founded oBIX
§ 1987 – ASHRAE committee formed§ 1995 – BACnet 1995
Released§ 2001 – BACnet 2001
Released§ 2002 – BTL begins product
testing§ 2002 – 1st tested product§ 2002 - XML Work Group
established§ 2003 – Becomes ISO
Standard 16484-5§ 2003 – 32nd tested device§ 2004 – 70th tested device
Protocol and MediaProtocol and Media
§ Mono protocol§ EN 14908§ ANSI/EIA 709.1
§ Media independent§ Free topology§ Bus topology§ Power line§ Fiber optic§ Wireless
§ IP tunneling
§ Multi protocol§ Ethernet§ ARCnet§ MS/TP (RS 485)§ PTP (RS 232)§ LonTalk
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Network ArchitectureNetwork Architecture
§ A bottom up solution focused on device interoperability§ Open protocol§ Peer-to-peer
network topology§ Supports tiered
architecture
§ A top down solutions focused on HMI integration§ Open standard§ Tiered network
topology
BACnetRouter
M-LineController
Proprietary Equipment/SystemsLighting Boiler Chiller SecurityFire
S-Line Controller
PortalBACnetRouter
ZoneController
BACnetMS/TP
Server Remote Facility Sites
BACnet viaModem
Native BACnet
Intranet / Internet IP Network
Other Mfg’s BACnetDevice(s)
Master/Slave Architecture Master/Slave Architecture ((BACnetBACnet))
So
urc
e:
Au
tom
ate
d L
og
icS
ou
rce:
Au
tom
ate
d L
og
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PeerPeer--toto--Peer Architecture Peer Architecture (L(LONONMMARKARK))
Sou
rce:
Tou
r A
nd
over
Con
trols
Sou
rce:
Tou
r A
nd
over
Con
trols
Mixed ArchitectureMixed Architecture
BACnet
Modbus
Third-party Modbus Device
Third-party Modbus Device
Third-party Modbus Device
LonTalk
So
urc
e:
So
urc
e:
Tra
ne
Tra
ne
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System and Device System and Device CharacteristicsCharacteristics
§ LONMARK International publishes guidelines for physical layer, application layer and product certification requirements
§ Applications published via functional profiles, which define mandatory and optional data elements
§ LONMARK Functional Profiles (LFP); 69 published; 30 in development
§ Standard data types (SNVT and SCPT; 168 and 279 published respectively)
§ Standards set by ASHRAE; permit vendor to select which standard properties to use for functions to be supported
§ Defines (23) standard objects (rather than functions) which have required and optional properties
§ Provides Interoperability building blocks across 5 defined areas of interoperability (BIBBs: 56)
§ Defines standard property identifiers (166)
Conformance Testing and Conformance Testing and CertificationCertification
§ LONMARK International certifies devices through web-based certification and verification tool§ Certified products
appear at www.lonmark.org§ 670 products certified
(thru 7/05)
§ BACnet Testing Laboratories (BTL) test and verify manufacturer’s selected use of BACnet§ Tested products
appear at http://bacnetassociation.org/btl/default.htm§ 75 products tested
(thru 1/05)
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Product Availability Snap ShotProduct Availability Snap Shot
§ Access Control - 71
§ Actuators - 123§ Asset Management - 5§ Doors/Windows/Sun Blinds - 103§ HVAC - 282§ Hospital Equipment – 54 § Human Machine Interfaces - 95
§ Life/Fire/Safety – 40§ Lighting Control – 337§ Network Infrastructure - 446
§ Mechanical Devices - 47
§ Motor control - 45§ Network Management - 55§ Plumbing & Irrigation - 12§ Power Management - 69§ Refrigeration - 46§ Security - 130
§ Sensors - 168 § Software Applications - 79§ Wiring Devices - 58
Sou
rce:
Ech
elon
Cor
p.S
ourc
e: E
chel
on C
orp.
Network Management and Network Management and Diagnostic ToolsDiagnostic Tools
§ Design, Installation and Commissioning tools § Available from
manufacturers and independent vendors
§ Tools permit installation of multi-vendor products
§ Network Diagnostics§ Software tools available
from manufacturers and independent vendors
§ Tools permit diagnosis of multi-vendor product networks
§ Design, Installation and Commissioning tools § Available from
manufacturers only; not independent vendors
§ Proprietary tools do not permit installation of multi-vendor products
§ Network Diagnostics§ Software tools available
from manufacturers only; not independent vendors
§ Proprietary tools do not permit diagnosis of multi-vendor products
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Operator Interface SoftwareOperator Interface Software
§ LNS used as HMI communication standard§ Multiple native
LNS HMI solutions§ Open
communication supported through DDE and OPC servers§ XML and web
§ BACnet intended for use at operator level§ Several native
BACnet HMI solutions§ Most solutions are
manufacturer specific§ Most HMI’s use IP
or ARCNET
XML & Web ServicesXML & Web Services
§ EIA-852 LON/IP tunneling§ OASIS oBIX
standard for web services§ Many standard
products produce native XML§ All LONMARK SNVTs,
SCPTs and profiles available in XML§ Remote
configuration
§ BACnet XML extending ASHRAE standard§ Developing
automated remote configuration standard§ Supports BACnet
and LONMARK
objects
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Standards SupportStandards Support
§ ANSI/EIA 709§ EN 14908
European standard§ IEEE 1473§ SEMI E54.6§ EIA-852 LON/IP
tunneling§ OASIS oBIX web
services standard (in progress)§ ISO/IEC (in
progress)
§ ASHRAE 135§ ISO 16484-5§ CEN-TC 247 (in
progress)§ Korean National
standard
Benefits of Integrated Systems Benefits of Integrated Systems Using Open StandardsUsing Open Standards
Multi-system integration delivers:§ Common technical solution results in§ Less engineering§ Less training
§ Multi-vendor interoperability delivers§ Customization of applications§ Infinite customer solutions
§ Increased reliability and maintainability§ More efficient use of infrastructure§ Economic upgrade and migration path
Building operator receives:§ Lower costs (for engineering, training, spares inventory, etc.)§ More transparency of his technical installations§ Less vendor dependency§ More efficient building operation
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LLONONWWORKSORKS DeliversDelivers
§ A common communication standard§ Extensive choice for integrated building solutions§ HVAC§ Life safety§ Security§ Lighting§ Gen sets§ And more . . .
§ Global standard§ Widely adopted§ Vendor independent§ Open
§ Scaleable§ Suitable for all types of commercial buildings
ConclusionConclusion
Succeeding In An Open Systems World
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Benefits of LBenefits of LONONMMARKARK Open Open SystemsSystems
§ Reduced cost§ Competitive bidding and multi-phase
procurement§ Healthy competition among suppliers and
integrators§ Competitive options for system expansion
§ Increased value§ Standardized and published interfaces§ Best of breed products and solutions§ Extends beyond HVAC – lighting, sun blinds,
boilers, gen sets, access, life safety . . .§ Scaleable architecture – future proof
ResourcesResources
§ LONMARK Organization§ www.lonmark.org§ www.lonmarkamericas.org
§ Open Systems Alliance§ http://osa.echelon.com
§ LonTalkProtocol Details§ www.ansi.org§ www.iso.org
§ White Papers, Documentation, and more§ www.echelon.com
§ Chip Manufacturers§ www.toshiba.com§ www.cypress.com
§ LONWORKS Distributors§ www.engenuity.com
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Ron BernsteinVice Chairman, LONMARK Americas204 N. El Camino Real #E242Encinitas, CA 92024858-756-9923
408-790-3492 [email protected]
Contact InformationContact Information
Overcoming The MythsOvercoming The Myths
Common Questions With Simple Responses
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LLONONWWORKSORKS Is Not ScalableIs Not Scalable
§ Rappongi Hills, Tokyo§ World’s largest stand-alone
LONWORKS enabled building project§ 16,500 LONWORKS devices
primarily hvac&r§ 759,100 m2
§ Over 20% savings in energy costs over projection
§ Four zones, 13 Buildings§ Mori Tower; Four residential
towers§ Over 170,000 points monitored§ LONWORKS/IP integration using i.LON® servers§ Mori Building general developer/operator§ Urban developer operating more than a hundred buildings§ Extensive use of LONWORKS planned for world ’s tallest
building – Shanghai World Financial Center
LLONONWWORKSORKS Is Not Suitable For Is Not Suitable For Large ProjectsLarge Projects
§ Multi-sourced product availability, ability to support phased system implementation, use of an open standard, and a common tool chain sold the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers§ “The single most important reason
is its capability to support design and specification of a system that could be implemented in an open
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There Is No Standard There Is No Standard Specification For LSpecification For LONONWWORKSORKS
§ Reference material available from § LONMARK International§ www.lonmark.org
§ U.S. Army Corps of Engineers§ http://www.hnd.usace.army.mil/UMCS/UM
CSIIContractInfo.aspx
BACnetBACnet Offers A More Complete Offers A More Complete SolutionSolution
Feature BACnet LONWORKSOpen standard technology ü ü
Flat system architecture without proprietary gateways û üPeer-to-peer device exchange û üHVAC, security, and fire support ü ü
Energy, metering, transportation system support û üWeather, water, waste water, power generator support û üMonitoring and operating values ü ü
Time program, grouping, trending ü üProduct certification program ü üRules-based certified interoperability program û ü
Web-based certification tool û üSuitable for high data volume, complex function devices ü üProven scalability ? ü
Self -installation option û üBack-up / restore tools ü üRemote device management û ü
IT compliance (IP, Ethernet) ü üCommon device and network management tools û üCommon device and network diagnostics tools û ü
Implementation cost per node Medium-High Low
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More Comparison DataMore Comparison Data
LONWORKS
§ Certification process available and well defined
§ Many devices available§ Not all encompassing
§ Application specific controllers are common
§ Single platform/tool for device configuration possible
§ Peer-to-peer architecture w/single media
§ Less defined supv. functions§ Fewer options/functionality§ Alms/scheduling/trends
§ Standard database/mgmt available
§ Easier to understand/specify§ Can be proprietary
BACnet§ Conformance testing process
available but incomplete § Fewer devices available
§ Not all encompassing
§ Programmable controllers are more common
§ Multiple vendor-specific tools required for device configuration
§ Hierarchical architecture/media§ More defined supv. functions
§ More options/functionality
§ Alms/scheduling/trends
§ Proprietary databases/mgmt§ Difficult to understand/specify§ Most systems proprietary
BACnetBACnet Is Less ExpensiveIs Less Expensive
§ Hardware cost is typically only 20 to 25% of a project’s cost.
§ Software tool ease of use and capabilities of the project personnel are the dominant factor in project costs.
§ Most BACnet jobs are single vendor solutions delivered in a proprietary way.§ Products are given away to win maintenance agreement
§ There are certain functions that have to be accomplished to complete a system§ The programmable controllers have to be programmed. § The applications specific devices have to be configured. § Devices have to be addressed. § Network data flow has to be established. § The Operator Work Stations have to be set up. § Reports have to be created.
§ Creating an accurate cost model is extremely difficult
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The LonTalk Protocol Can Only The LonTalk Protocol Can Only Run On A Neuron ChipRun On A Neuron Chip
§ The LonTalk protocol can, and has been ported to run on other Microprocessors including those from Intel, Motorola, Toshiba, and others
Echelon Controls The LonTalk Echelon Controls The LonTalk ProtocolProtocol
§ The LonTalk protocol is under the control of different standards organizations, including ANSI, CEN and soon ISO§ The protocol is available on the
ANSI website www.ansi.org
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Echelon Charges A Royalty For Echelon Charges A Royalty For Every Device SoldEvery Device Sold
§ Echelon administers the unique 48-bit ID in each Neuron chip and charges chip licensees an insignificant administration fee § Porting the protocol to any
processor does not require obtaining a unique ID, hence no fee is necessary
LNS is a Proprietary Network LNS is a Proprietary Network Operating SystemOperating System
§ LNS (LONWORKS Network Services) an open network management and database structure developed by Echelon for the management and maintenance of LONWORKS networks.
§ Anyone can implement an LNS application or Plugin.
§ LNS based applications and Plugins are available from dozens of sources in the open market.
§ No one company has greater access into the LNS structure than any other company (including Echelon).
§ The LNS network management database and network management structure is openly documented and accessible to anyone.
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XML/Web Services Will Replace XML/Web Services Will Replace LLONONWWORKSORKS At The Device LevelAt The Device Level
§ XML usually runs on Ethernet which is not designed to provide the services, performance, addressing, messaging types, security, or reliability required for control networks§ There will be a need for a device
level communication protocol for long into the foreseeable future§ There is a greater risk to BACnet
which relies heavily on Ethernet-level communications
You Must Pay Echelon For You Must Pay Echelon For Every Node Installed On Every Node Installed On
NetworkNetwork§ You can install an entire LONWORKS
network without ever buying anything from Echelon§ Echelon chose to provide a very low
cost tool to the market and scale the cost based upon usage and, hence, making an extremely cost effective, scaleable tool set. § Other manufacturers have
developed competitive tools and have their own pricing structures that have no Echelon royalties
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You Must Use Gateways To You Must Use Gateways To Connect More Than 128 devicesConnect More Than 128 devices
§ LONWORKS networks can contain up to 32,385 devices on one domain with up to 248 domains per system in a flat, peer-to-peer network§ No gateways or tiered architectures
are required to scale a LONWORKS
network
LLONONWWORKSORKS Does Not Support Scheduling, Does Not Support Scheduling, Trending, Alarming and Data LoggingTrending, Alarming and Data Logging
§ Most suppliers implement their own solutions for scheduling, trending, alarming and data logging either at the controller or in the HMI§ LONMARK International has published
standards in this area and is actively developing additional solutions
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Writing Open Systems Writing Open Systems Specifications Specifications
A Survival Guide
Ensure OpennessEnsure Openness
§ Learn the technologies, options, and market directions§ Make sure you are getting a real
Open System§ Verify you will not be locked in on
any level of the system§ Encourage multi-subsystem
integration for maximum efficiency§ Start from good open specification
framework
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Include All Essential Network Include All Essential Network ComponentsComponents
§ Devices§ The controllers on the network§ Applications specific devices§ Programmable devices§ Packaged equipment§ Scheduling, Alarming, Data
logging
§ Infrastructure § The wire the nodes connect to§ The routers that pass the data§ Termination§ Traffic issues§ Systems architecture§ IT Routing§ When are gateways necessary?
§ Tools§ Design Tools§ Commissioning Tools§ Database issues§ Plugins§ Scheduling, Alarming, Data
logging§ Host Interface§ PC Based§ Web Based§ Flexibility and Choices
§ Enterprise Connectivity§ IT Interface§ Large project architecture§ Design for the future§ Scalability issues
Don’t get locked in!
LLONONMMARKARK DevicesDevices
LONMARK Device Specifications§ LONMARK (SNVT’s, SCPT’s, and object
Model)§ LONMARK Device Profiles§ LONMARK Guidelines for Manufacturer
Specific Features
LONMARK Device Certification§ Application Specific Devices§ Freely Programmable Controllers
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Device Specification Guidance Device Specification Guidance Controller SelectionController Selection
§ All application specific devices shall be LONMARK certified.§ Controllers must support an
ANSI/EIA/CEA 709.3 network interface, the FT-10 channel. § Controllers from multiple
manufactures may be used to meet the system specification.
Device Specification GuidanceDevice Specification Guidance
§ LONWORKS based, non-LONMARK Certified Controllers § Such as:§ freely programmable controllers§ gateways
§ These devices often have changeable network interfaces. Often these device are not yet certified
§ These device must either:§ Support the standard LONMARK node dynamic interface.
(Preferred choice)§ Or§ Supply an interface XIF file for a valid static interface
device definition. This XIF should satisfy LONMARK node interface certification requirements. Note allowing this option may require additional network reconfiguration steps with some network tools. This is considered a legacy device support allowance for changeable type devices.
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Device Specification GuidanceDevice Specification Guidance
§ Specify certain LONMARK Functional Profiles or even a set of profiles to satisfy system control requirements. § 8010 (VAV Controller)§ 8020 (Fan Coil Controller)§ 8060 (Thermostat Controller)§ 8030 (Roof Top Unit Controller) Constant Volume Air-
handler
§ Specify Standard Generic LONMARK Objects for other control system requirements§ Sensor Object§ Actuator Object§ Controller Object
Device Specification GuidanceDevice Specification Guidance
§ All devices with user defined network variable types (UNVT’s), must be supplied LONMARKresource files that define formatting for these UNVT’s.
§ Require application plug-in support for a standard network management tool for certain or all devices.§ VAV controllers§ RTU controllers§ Devices with UCPT’s (User defined configuration
properties)§ Plug-ins may not be required for devices that use
standard SNVT, SCPT, and generic LONMARK objects to implement functionality.
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LLONONMMARKARK InfrastructureInfrastructure
§ LONMARK Channels§ Channel Types§ Media / Wire§ Termination / Wiring rules§ Channel Design Specifications
§ LONMARK System Message Routing§ 709.1 Routing§ 852 / 709.1 Routing
§ Other Application Layers and Gateways§ Multiple System Object Models (Application Layers)§ Specification Guidance
Specification Guidance Specification Guidance Infrastructure (Media / WireInfrastructure (Media / Wire))
LONWORKS/IP Channel
Use IT wiring standard references.
TP/XF-1250 Channel
Junction Box and Wiring Guidelines for Twisted Pair LONWORKS Networks
Echelon Engineering Bulletin http://www.echelon.com/support/documentation/bulletin/005-0023-01M.pdf.
FT-10 Channel
Junction Box and Wiring Guidelines for Twisted Pair LONWORKS Networks
Echelon Engineering Bulletin http://www.echelon.com/support/documentation/bulletin/005-0023-01M.pdf.
IP Backbone(Switched 100Mbit,Gigabit Ethernet)
PL-20 Channel
per manufacturer specifications
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Specification Guidance Specification Guidance Infrastructure (Message Infrastructure (Message
Routing)Routing)§ 709.1 routers should be used to
connect multiple channels of LONMARK
devices in the system. This creates a logically flat network (like the Internet).§ Use gateways for legacy system
interfaces. § System shall be implemented using
peer-to-peer communication, without requiring a host or zone controller to
Specification Guidance Specification Guidance Infrastructure (Message Routing)Infrastructure (Message Routing)
§ EIA 852/709.1 routers shall be used to route LonTalk messages over IP between twisted-pair LONMARK
channels.§ Use gateways for:§ Legacy system interfaces§ Web services interface§ Web page interfaces§ Other required application layer support
§ System should be implemented using peer-to-peer communication, without requiring a host or zone
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Tool and HMI ConnectionsLaptop computers
Windows Workstations(with Web gateway)
Thin (Web) Clients
LONWORKS/IP Backbone (LAN-Switched 100Mbit,Gigabit Ethernet or WAN/Internet)
RR
Network Tools and Front EndsNetwork Tools and Front Ends
Tool and HMI ConnectionsCommissioning toolHMI Tool
Thin (Web) Clients
LONWORKS/IP Backbone (LAN-Switched 100Mbit,Gigabit Ethernet or WAN/Internet)
RR
Network Database
Network DatabaseShared or Interchangeable database
Network Tools and Front EndsNetwork Tools and Front Ends
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Specifying Tool Functional Specifying Tool Functional SupportSupport
§ Specify the functions you require:§ Network commissioning.§ Network variable read and write “control and monitor”
capability.§ Manufacturer supported configuration plug-in standard.§ System application support (Scheduling, Alarming, Data
logging).§ General Device configuration management.§ Basic diagnostics of devices.§ Support LONMARK standard resource files.§ Upgrading device firmware.§ Advanced low-level diagnostics of devices.
§ And where you require them supported:§ from any IP connected PC workstation over a standard 852
connection.§ from any 709.1 channel direct connection to all device on all
channels§ from any IP connected device via a web page.§ from any IP connected PC via web services.
Network Tool GuidelinesNetwork Tool Guidelines
§ All devices (nodes) on the network should be installed and configured using a standard network management tool. § Network Management tool should
support device plug-ins. This may be specific to a network application framework.
§ Sourcing requirements. Tools must be available from multiple (N) sources.
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Specification Guidance Specification Guidance Network Tools Network Tools
§ Network tools must support:§ Standard LONMARK resource files§ Read in XIF file from device or from
file.
§ See LONMARK system definition for more suggested specifications.
Specification Guidance Specification Guidance Network Tools Network Tools
§ Any host PC GUI interface shall use openly available software packages that are non-exclusive. § Devices must communicate to the
GUI workstation using Standard Network Variable Types (SNVT) Standard Configuration Property Types (SCPTs) as defined by LONMARK. § No non-standard communication to
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Specification Guidance Specification Guidance Network Tool OwnershipNetwork Tool Ownership
§ All configuration tools, installation tools, network management tools, plug-ins, databases, software shall remain with the job and be owned by the property. § All software tools shall be properly
licensed and conveyed at contract sign-off. § When in doubt, ask!
Specification GuidanceSpecification GuidanceIntegrator QualificationIntegrator Qualification
§ Work shall be performed by a qualified network integrator.
§ Network integrator must have technical staff members who have attended at least 40 hours of LONWORKS network design and network management tool training.
§ Must have IT connectivity and network troubleshooting experience.
§ Shall provide references of prior successful experience.
§ Must demonstrate ability and intent to design, architect, and install a open, flat, LONWORKSsystem and have on staff at a minimum two technically trained members.
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System / Network Verification System / Network Verification
§ The system integrator shall provide a protocol analyzer log summary for each channel for a minimum of 24 hours showing system performance. § The statistical summary shall show
that all bandwidth utilization and error limits are within acceptable ranges and that there are no network traffic problems, node communication problems, or system sizing problems.
Writing Open SpecsWriting Open Specs
§ Don’t write generic open specifications§ BACnet and LONWORKS can be
implemented together, but it creates greater problems§ Most BACnet jobs are delivered in a
proprietary way§ Vendor specific controllers§ Vendor specific head-end§ Vendor specific maintenance agreement
§ Most BACnet controllers are not interoperable nor interchangeable§ Connectivity is complex and risky
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The International Standard Protocol for Building Automation
and Control Networks
Bob JohnsonSoftware Engineer
System Architecture and ApplicationsSiemens Building Technologies
Buffalo Grove, [email protected]
BACnet Facts
üInitial development and continuous enhancement by ASHRAE committee SPC/SSPC-135 since 1987.üASHRAE guidelines guarantee open
membership to both end-users and producers.üSpecification additions and
enhancements are subject to public review and comment.üAdopted by ANSI, ISO and CEN (ISO
16484-5). üFreely distributed.üNo licenses required.üTechnology and hardware independent.üUsed worldwide by hundreds of vendors.
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Applications
IP
Lighting
Life Safety
MS/TPNetworkSecurity
Objects andServices
UtilityIntegration
XML
BACnet Working Groups
BACnet Interest Groups Worldwide
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BACnet Test ing Resources
BACnet Testing Laboratories (BTL)- Performs formal testing of BACnet devices using
SSPC-135.1 Test Procedures.- Assures compliance to the BACnet Standard .- Awards BTL Listing to compliant devices.
ASHRAE Standard 135.1, Method of Test for Conformance to BACnet.- Provides detailed compliance test procedures.- Supports pre-testing.
BTL Plugfest- Permits vendors to test their BACnet products
with BACnet devices from other vendors . - Last year more than 75 BACnet engineers
representing 22 companies attended.- Round-table testing added in 2005.
Historical Situation – Custom Integration
Traditionally, several tools have been available to implement custom integration, such as...• Standard Protocols (Modbus, OPC, ...)• Vendor-Specific “Open” Protocols
• Custom Gateways
• Integration Workstations
• ...
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Transitioning to BACnet: “Islands of Automation”
Migration to a BACnet solution and integration of non-BACnet devices results in a mixed architecture.
State of the Art – Complete BACnet Solution
A complete BACnet solution includes BACnet Workstations, Building Controllers , Field Controllers , HMI Devices and Tools
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The Main Elements of BACnet
ObjectsRepresent data and application functionality
ServicesData exchange,
event notification, commands
Transports Networking Technologies
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An Example BACnet Object
Property Value Object_Identifier MV:1 Object_Name "Conference Room L5 Mode" Object_Type Multistate Value Present_Value Occupied Status_Flags In_Alarm False
Fault False Overridden False Out_Of_Service False
Event_State Normal State_Text "Unoccupied", "Occupied", "Standby",
"Emergency" Priority_Array Manual-Life-Safety --
Automatic-Life-Safety -- Critical-Equipment-Control -- Minimum-On-Off -- Manual-Operator -- Peak-Demand-Limiting -- Schedule Occupied
Relinquish_Default Unoccupied Notification_Class 7 Alarm_Values Emergency Event_Enable To-Offnormal Notify_Type Event Event_Time_Stamps 10:40:00, Oct 5 2005
-- 10:50:00, Oct 5, 2005
A BACnet Object is more than just a value...
Multistate Value
BACnet Services
Versatile standard services for:
• Alarm & Event NotificationAcknowledgement, Reset, Status Synchronization
• Object Access FunctionsRead and Write of property values and data buffers
• File Transfer FunctionsTransfer data files to and from devices .
• Management FunctionsDiscover devices and objects, initialize devices, communications control
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BACnet Transports
BACnet supports multiple networking technologies and transport protocols.
• Ethernet• IP• Point-to-Point• MSTP (EIA-485)• ARCnet• LonTalk (ANSI 709.1)• New transports may be added as
needed...
In addition, BACnet Web Services is in the final stages of the standardization process!
Profi les and Protocol Conformance
Standard device functionality packages and functional tests are defined by the BACnet committee. Conformance is certified by the BTL.
• BACnet Interoperability Building Blocks (BIBBs)Standard packages of object and service requirements for specific features, such as Data Sharing, Alarm and Event Management , Scheduling, Trending, Device and Network Management .
• Device ProfilesStandard packages BIBBs for various classes of devices , such as Building Controllers, Application Specific Controllers, and Workstations.
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BIBBs and Profiles
Object and service requirements :
Example Profile - BACnet Building Controller (B-BC)
Interoperability Area BIBB Description
DS-RP-A,B Read Property DS-RPM-A,B Read Property Multiple DS-WP-A,B Write Property
Data Sharing
DS-WPM-A,B Write Property Multiple AE-N-I-B Generate Alarm & Event Notifications AE-ACK-B Process Acknowledgments AE-INFO-B Provide Current Event State Summary
Alarm & Event Management
AE-ESUM-B Provide Current State of All Event Reporting Objects. Scheduling SCHED-E-B Provide Time and Date Scheduling for Objects on the Local
Device and Other Network Devices. TM-VMT-I-B Provide Trend Logging Services. Trending T-ATR-B Provide Trend Buffer Status Notifications. DM-DDB-A,B Device Discovery Services. DM-DOB-A,B Object Discovery Services. DM-DCC-B Execute Communications Control Requests. DM-TS-B or DM-UTC-B
Execute Time Synchronization Requests.
DM-RD-B Execute Reinitialize Device Requests. DM-BR-B Execute Backup and Restore Requests.
Device & Network Management
NM-CE-A Establish and Terminate Network Connections.
BIBBs and Profiles
The device shall provide its configuration file (s) for upload and allow the file(s) to be written to recover its configuration.
Example BIBB – Device Backup and Restore
BACnet Service Initiate Execute
AtomicReadFile x
AtomicWriteFile x
ReinitializeDevice x
Device Management-Backup and Restore-B (DM-BR-B)
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Operator Workstation
B-OWS
Application Specific Controller
B-ASC
Device Profiles
The BACnet standard specifies profiles for:
Protocol Implementation
A Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement (PICS) indicates the capabilities of a BACnet device.
• Manufacturer, model, and versioning information• Supported networking technologies and transport
protocols• Supported services• Supported object types• Supported character sets
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BMA BACnet Vendors
Other BACnet Vendors
Every Major Controls Vendor Now Supports BACnet
BACnet Resources
www.bacnet.org
www.ashrae.org
www.bacnetassociation.org
www.bacnetassociation.org/btl
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Thanks for attending,
See you in January 2006!
Short Intermission, then Return for Open Discussion
12/06/2005
Moderator:Ryan R. Hoger
Illinois Chapter [email protected]
LON Presenter:Ron Bernstein
LonMark [email protected]
BACnet Presenter:Bob Johnson
ASHRAE BACnet [email protected]