badri younes deputy associate administrator for space communications & navigation
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Badri Younes Deputy Associate Administrator for Space Communications & Navigation National Aeronautics and Space Administration United States of America. Application of Space-Based Remote Sensing to Climate Change & Disaster Relief High Level Segment ITU Council 2008 November 13, 2008. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Application of Space-Based Remote Sensingto
Climate Change & Disaster Relief
High Level SegmentITU Council 2008
November 13, 2008
Badri YounesDeputy Associate Administrator for Space Communications & Navigation
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
United States of America
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Societal Benefits of Remote Sensing
• Remote sensing provides critical data about the Earth’s environment.
• NASA, in cooperation with other US government agencies, and international partners, constantly monitors the state of our planet’s atmosphere, oceans, and land. • This knowledge is freely shared so that all nations can benefit.
• Such knowledge may be used to help nations prepare for potential natural disasters as well as to recover from them after they occur.
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NASA Participates in Two Response EnvironmentsRegulatory & Operational
• Regulatory– ITU-D Study Group 2 Question 22/2
• “Utilization of ICT for Disaster Management, Resources, and Active and Passive Space Based Sensing Systems As They Apply to Disaster and Emergency Relief Situations”
– Space Frequency Coordination Group (SFCG)• Intersessional Working Group on Disaster Management
– Increases Worldwide Awareness of Available Resources and of Need for Continued Regulatory Protection of Remote Sensing Bands
• Operational– Long History of Scientific Missions Focusing on Observation of
Critical Earth and Atmospheric Parameters– Extensive International Scientific Cooperation
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International Cooperation in Sensor Development
Acronym/Abbreviation
Name/Title MISSION COUNTRY
ADEOS Advanced Earth Observation Satellite(s) JAPANALT Altimeter TOPEX/
POSEIDONUSA/FRANCE
ALOS Advanced Land Observing Satellite JAPANAMI Active Microwave Instrument ERS-1, -2 ESAAMR Altimetry Microwave Radiometer JASON-1 USAAMSR Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer ADEOS-2 JAPANAMSR-E Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS EOS-PM JAPAN/
USAAMSU Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit AQUA USAAMSU-A Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit - A NOAA K+
METOP1USAESA
AMSU-B Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit - B NOAA-K+ USAAQUARIUS Radar + radiometer AQUARIUS USAASAR Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar ENVISAT ESAASCAT Advanced Scatterometer METOP ESAATMS Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder Bridge,
NPOESS-CNASA,NPOESS
ATSR, -2 Along Track Scanning Radiometer (& Microwave Sounder) ERS-1, -2 ESACLOUDRADAR
Cloud radar FUTURE ESA
CSR Commonwealth of Soviet RepublicsDELTA-2 OKEAN CSRDORIS Doppler Orbitography & Radio Positioning Integrated by
SatelliteTOPEX/POSEIDON
USA/FRANCE
ENVISAT Environmental Satellite ESAEOS Earth Observing System (-AM, morning equator crossing;
-PM afternoon crossing; -CHEM afternoon crossing)USA
ERS Earth Resource Satellite(s) ESAESA European Space AgencyETM Enhanced Thematic Mapper LANDSAT USAHSB Humidity Sounder, Brazil AQUA USA/BrazilHYDROS Radar + radiometer HYDROS USAIKAR PRIRODA CSRJERS Japanese Earth Resources Satellite JAPANMASTER FUTURE ESAMHS Microwave Humidity Sounder AQUA
NOAA-NMETOP
USAUSA ESA
MIMR Multifrequency Imaging Microwave Radiometer METOP ESAMIRAS Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis MIRAS ESAMIVZA (humidity sounder) METEOR CSRMLS Microwave Limb Sounder UARS,
AURAUSA
MSR Microwave Scanning Radiometer MOS-1B JAPANMSU Microwave Sounding Unit NOAA-9-14 USA
Acronym/Abbreviation
Name/Title MISSION COUNTRY
MTZA METEOR CSRMWR Microwave Radiometer ENVISAT ESANASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration USANOAA National Oceans and Atmospheres Administration USANSCAT(US) NASA Scatterometer ADEOS JAPANPR Precipitation Radar TRMM JAPANR-225 2.25 cm radiometer (?) OKEAN-O CSRR-400 4 cm radiometer (?) PRIRODA CSRR-600 6 cm radiometer (?) OKEAN-O CSRRA Radar Altimeter ERS-1,-2 ESARA-2 Radar Altimeter ENVISAT ESARADIOMTR Radiometer ODIN SWEDENRLSBO Imager OKEAN-O,
SICH-1CSR
RM-0.8 0.8 cm imaging radiometer SICH CSRSAR Synthetic Aperture Radar RADARSAT CANADASAR Synthetic Aperture Radar JERS-1 JAPANSAR Synthetic Aperture Radar SICH CSRSAR-10 Synthetic Aperture Radar - 9.6 cm ALMAZ CSRSAR-3 Synthetic Aperture Radar - 3.5 cm ALMAZ CSRSAR-70 Synthetic Aperture Radar - 70 cm ALMAZX CSRSIRC/XSAR Shuttle Imaging Radar -C, X-Synthetic Aperture Radar Shuttle USASMR Scanning Microwave Radiometer SICH CSRSEAWINDS(USA)
Scatterometer ADEOS-2 JAPAN
SLR-3 Side Looking Radar ALMAZX CSRSOPRANO Sub-millimeter Observation of Processes in the Absorption
Noteworthy for OzoneFUTURE ESA
SSALT Solid State Altimeter TPX/POS,JASON
USA,FRANCE
TDRSS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System USATMI (USA) TRMM Microwave Imager TRMM JAPANTMR TOPEX Microwave Radiometer TPX/POS,
JASONUSA,FRANCE
TPX/POS TOPEX/POSEIDON USA,FRANCE
TRMM Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission USA, JAPANTRVRS SAR Transverse-Synthetic Aperture Radar PRIRODA CSRTT&C Tracking, Telemetry, and CommandUARS Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite USAUSA United States of AmericaVSAR ? Synthetic Aperture Radar ALOS JAPAN
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Application of Space-Based Remote Sensing
Tsunamis
Droughts
Earthquakes
Floods
Landslides
Pollution
Sea Ice
Volcanoes
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Assessing Tsunami Damage
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Drought in Australia
Soil moisture distribution in Australia during October 2005 and 2006. Soil moisture distribution in Australia during October 2005 and 2006.
This data acquired by AMSR-E on Aqua. Red indicates low soil This data acquired by AMSR-E on Aqua. Red indicates low soil moisture (dry), while blue indicates higher soil moisture (wet). A moisture (dry), while blue indicates higher soil moisture (wet). A drought occurred in south east Australia (Granary area) in 2006.drought occurred in south east Australia (Granary area) in 2006.
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Earthquake Near Sumatra
ASTER data showed that Coral reefs off Nias Island, Indonesia were uplifted following earthquakes near Sumatra, Indonesia
in December 2004 and March, 2005.
ASTERASTER
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Hurricane Dean – August 2007
QuikSCAT
GOES
GOES imagery shows the characterand motion of the hurricane.
QuikSCAT produces windspeed and direction.
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Flooding in Germany
Landsat 7, Circa 2000 ASTER, August 20, 2002
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Landslide in Canada
RADARSAT-1 InSar Displacement Maps Cover 2000 - 2004
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Red Tide Off West Coast of Florida
SeaWiFS Observed a Red Tide on November 21, 2004 SeaWiFS Observed a Red Tide on November 21, 2004
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Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness
Weddell Sea Ice Thickness fromMultichannel Observations made by SIR-C/X-SAR
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Hawaiian Volcano Activity
Interferometric SAR Image of the Mauna Loa Caldera in Hawaii
Note: Ground motion indicates dangerous underground volcanic activity
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Indonesian Volcanic Hazard
Interferometric SAR Image of the Mauna Loa Caldera in HawaiiLandsat and SRTM combine to identify vulnerable areas and populations
Wildfires
Fires in Southern California, October 25, 2003 Observed with MODIS on TERRA.
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SERVIR The Regional Visualization and Monitoring System
Enabling the use of earth observations and models for timely decision making to benefit society
• Data and Models
• Online Maps
• Visualization
• Decision Support
• Training
• Partnerships
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SERVIR Applications
• Disaster Analysis
• Environmental Monitoring
• Air Quality Assessment
• Climate Change and Biodiversity
• Short Term Weather Prediction
Flooding Change Analysis in HaitiSeptember 2008
Fires in Guatemala and MexicoStudy on Potential Impacts ofClimate Change on Biodiversity
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South-South, Cross- Continental Geospatial Collaboration
• Equipment installed and training conducted for initial setup of SERVIR-East Africa node• Integrated system development underway for both regional centers• Continued advances in data acquisition:
-RCMRD & CATHALAC tasking requests of EO-1 satellite• Enhancement of visualization capabilities
- Beta version of the SERVIR Climate Mapper tool• Prototyping and development of new products/applications
- Flood potential product (using multiple NASA sensors and/adapting existing NASA models)
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SERVIR Countries Represented
Mesoamerica/Caribbean
– Guatemala– Belize– El Salvador– Honduras– Nicaragua– Costa Rica– Panama– Dominican Republic– Southern Mexico
East Africa– Kenya– Tanzania– Uganda– Rwanda– Ethiopia
Dan Irwin’s Presentation of SERVIR to the Presidents of Central America and Mexico
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SERVIR.net
For More Information• Dan Irwin – SERVIR Director [email protected]
• Emilio Sempris – SERVIR Mesoamerica
• Kate Lance – SERVIR Africa
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Summary
• Space-Based Remote Sensing Provides Critical Information– Near Real Time Data for Disaster Relief– Long Term Trends for Assessing Climate Change
• Remote Sensing Data is Freely Available– Often via Internet
• International Organizations Can Assist Administrations with Remote Sensing Data Access and Application
– Climate Change Assessments– Disaster Management
• Spectrum is a Key Enabler– Critical Need for Interference-Free Spectrum for Sensing and Communications
• NASA Will Continue its Long History of International Cooperation– Application of NASA Spaceborne Capabilities to Mitigate Disasters and
Combat Adverse Climate Change