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BaghDistrictDisasterRiskManagementPlan

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ThisPlanisavailablefrom:

1. Deputy Commissioner / District Disaster Management Authority,BaghPhone : 05823‐920046‐7Fax : 05823‐920033

2. StateDisasterManagementAuthority,MuzaffarabadBlockNo.10,FirstFloor(LeftWing),OppositetoAJKLegislativeAssembly,NewCivilSecretariat,MuzaffarabadAzadKashmir.PhoneNo.+92‐5822‐921536,921643FaxNo.+92‐5822‐921537www.sdmagok.pk

3. NationalDisasterManagementAuthorityPrimeMinister’sOffice,Islamabad.UAN#:051‐111‐157‐157Tel#:+92519205037Fax#:+92519205086www.ndma.gov.pk

Copyright©Disaster&ClimateResilienceImprovementProject(DCRIP)Planning&DevelopmentDepartment,AzadGovt.ofStateofJammu&Kashmir


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ThisPlanhasbeenpreparedwiththesupportfromtheWorldBankunder“Disaster

&ClimateResilienceImprovementProject(DCRIP)”incloseconsultationwithState

DisasterManagementAuthorityandconcernedstakeholdersbytheconsultantfirm

“SolutionsforDevelopmentSupport”comprisedoffollowingteam:

1. SardarMuhammadNawazKhan,TeamLead

2. Ms.AmberMasud,Member

3. Mr.WaseemAhmed,Member

4. Mr.MuhammadImranAyub,Member

5. Mr.RafiullahKhan,Member

6. Mr.ArbabTaimurKhan,Member

SolutionsforDevelopmentSupport

HouseNo320,Al‐MustafaTower,SectorF‐10,Islamabad,Ph:051‐8737183,Email:[email protected]


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ContentsAcronyms ............................................................................................................................vii

MessagebySecretary,Relief,DisasterManagement&CivilDefence.................viii

MessagefromDeputyCommissioner..............................................................................ix

Acknowledgement..................................................................................................................x

Vision,MissionandObjectives...........................................................................................xi

Chapter1: DistrictProfile..................................................................................................1

1.1. Location........................................................................................................................................1

1.2. Climate..........................................................................................................................................1

1.3. Terrain..........................................................................................................................................2

1.4. Languages....................................................................................................................................2

1.5. Population...................................................................................................................................2

1.6. Health............................................................................................................................................3

1.7. Education.....................................................................................................................................4

1.8. EconomicFeatures..................................................................................................................5

1.9. PhysicalFeatures......................................................................................................................8

Chapter2: Hazards,VulnerabilityandRiskAssessment......................................10

2.1. MethodologyforHazard&RiskAssessment.............................................................10

2.2. RisksAssociatedwithNaturalHazards........................................................................13

2.3. RisksAssociatedwithHumanInducedHazards......................................................18

Chapter3: ChallengesandOpportunitiesforDisasterRiskManagement......20

3.1. InstitutionalChallenges.......................................................................................................20

3.2. Operational&CapacityChallenges................................................................................21

3.3. Planning&PolicyChallenges............................................................................................21

3.4. StrengthsandOpportunitiesforDisasterRiskManagement.............................22

Chapter4: InstitutionalSystemsforDisasterManagementinDistrict............23

4.1. DistrictDisasterManagementAuthority(DDMA)...................................................23

4.1.1 CompositionofDistrictDisasterManagementAuthority(DDMA).......................23

4.1.2 TheOffice/SecretariatoftheDistrictDisasterManagementAuthorityBagh24

4.1.3 FunctionsofDDMA......................................................................................................................25

4.2. LocalAuthorities....................................................................................................................27

4.2.1 TehsilDisasterManagementCommittee(TDMC).........................................................28


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4.2.2 UnionCouncilsDisasterManagementCommittee(UCDMC)...................................29

4.2.3 VillageDisasterManagementCommittee(VDMC).......................................................30

4.2.4 CommunityBasedOrganizations(CBO)............................................................................30

4.3. Individuals.................................................................................................................................30

Chapter5: RolesandResponsibilitiesofKeyStakeholders.................................32

5.1. DistrictDisasterManagementAuthority.....................................................................33

5.2. DepartmentofAgriculture.................................................................................................35

5.3. AnimalHusbandry(Livestock)Department..............................................................36

5.4. DistrictForest,WildlifeandFisheriesDepartment................................................38

5.5. FoodDepartment...................................................................................................................39

5.6. HealthDepartment................................................................................................................40

5.7. CommunicationandWorks(C&W)Department......................................................41

5.8. PhysicalPlanningandHousing/PublicHealth........................................................43

5.9. LocalGovt.&RuralDevelopmentDepartment.........................................................44

5.10. DepartmentofEducation...............................................................................................45

5.11. DepartmentofCivilDefence.........................................................................................46

5.12. EmergencyServiceRescue1122................................................................................47

5.13. HomeDepartment/Police.............................................................................................49

5.14. Media&Information........................................................................................................50

5.15. SocialWelfareDepartment............................................................................................51

5.16. WomenDevelopmentDepartment............................................................................52

5.17. SpecialCommunicationsOrganization(SCO).......................................................53

5.18. PakistanArmy.....................................................................................................................54

5.19. PakistanRedCrescentSociety.....................................................................................55

5.20. CommunityBasedOrganizations...............................................................................55

Chapter6: StandardOperatingProceduresforEmergencyResponse.............56

6.1. EstablishmentandFunctioningofDistrictEmergencyOperationsCentre..56

6.2. SimulationsandDrills..........................................................................................................60

Chapter7: StrategiesandPolicies................................................................................62

7.1. DistrictDisasterManagementPoliciesandStrategies..........................................62

7.1.1 StrategicPriorityArea1‐Strengtheningthedistrictlevelinstitutionalandlegalsystemfordisastermanagement...............................................................................62

7.1.2 StrategicPriorityArea2‐PrepareDisasterManagementPlansatvariouslevel ...............................................................................................................................................................64


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7.1.3 StrategicPriorityArea3‐ConductMulti‐Hazard,VulnerabilityandRisk............. Assessment(MHVRA).................................................................................................................66

7.1.4 StrategicPriorityArea4‐Establish/strengtheningMulti‐HazardEarly................ WarningandEvacuationSystems.........................................................................................68

7.1.5 StrategicPriorityArea5‐Disasterriskmanagementthroughtraining,.................. educationandawareness..........................................................................................................71

7.1.6 StrategicPriorityArea6‐Mainstreamingdisasterriskreduction(DRR)&........... climatechangeadaptationmeasuresintodevelopment............................................74

7.1.7 StrategicPriorityArea7‐StrengthenDRMsystemthroughawarenessraising.. programmefordisasterresilientcommunitiesatlocallevel..................................75

7.1.8 StrategicPriorityArea8‐Infrastructuredevelopmentfordisasterrisk................. reduction...........................................................................................................................................77

7.1.9 StrategicPriorityArea9‐Strengtheningoftheemergencyresponsesystemat. districtBagh....................................................................................................................................79

Annexures

Annex‐A:ImportantContactNumbers......................................................................................84

Annex‐B:PicturesofConsultativeProcess..............................................................................85

Annex‐C:ImportantFormats.........................................................................................................86

Annex‐D:ListofMachinery&Equipment................................................................................88

Annex‐E:AzadJammu&KashmirDisasterManagementAct,2008.............................89


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AcronymsAC AssistantCommissionerAD AssistantDirectorADB AsianDevelopmentBankAJ&K AzadJammu&KashmirCBDM CommunityBasedDisasterManagementCBO CommunityBasedOrganizationCD CivilDefenceDC DeputyCommissionerDDMA DistrictDisasterManagementAuthorityDEOC DistrictEmergencyOperationsCentreDFO DistrictForestOfficerDM DisasterManagementDRM DisasterRiskManagementDRR DisasterRiskReductionDRU DistrictReconstructionUnitEOC EmergencyOperationsCenterERC EmergencyReliefCellEWS EarlyWarningSystemGoP GovernmentOfPakistanGSP GeologicalSurveyofPakistanHVCA HazardVulnerabilityandCapacityAssessmentINGO InternationalNon‐GovernmentalOrganizationLoC LineofControlLG&RD LocalGovernment&RuralDevelopmentMC MunicipalCommitteeNDMA NationalDisasterManagementAuthorityNDMC NationalDisasterManagementCommissionNDMO NationalDisasterManagementOrdinanceNGO Non‐GovernmentalOrganizationPHED PublicHealthEngineeringDepartmentPMD PakistanMetrologicalDepartmentPRCS PakistanRedCrescentSocietySDMA StateDisasterManagementAuthoritySOPs StandardOperatingProcedureSSP SeniorSuperintendentofPoliceSW&WD SocialWelfare&WelfareDepartmentUC UnionCouncil


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MessagebySecretary,Relief,DisasterManagement&CivilDefenceThedevastatingearthquakeofOctober2005broughtaboutanacuteawarenessamonggovernment institutionsandcommunitiesof thecriticalneedofdisasterriskmanagement.Thetragediesinshapeofnaturalandman‐madedisastersnotonlyplayhavocwithlifebutalsoexpose the extent of vulnerability and inability of the respectivecommunities don’t possess appropriate legislation and efficientinstitutions, which leads towards comprehensive disaster preparedness, responseandrehabilitationinitiatives.Keepinginviewthefrequency,intensityandmagnitudeof need for establishing Disaster Risk Management and response mechanisms tomitigate effects of natural andman‐made disasters on human life, infrastructure,livestock, economy and health, we need a collective approach to face upcomingdisastersinamostorganizedmanner.

Initscommitmenttosafeguardthelives,properties,livestock,cropsandlivelihoodsof the vulnerable communities of the State of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, acomprehensiveDisasterRiskManagementPlanhasbeendevisedfordistrictBagh.TheDRMPlanhighlightsthemechanismofjointeffortsofdifferentstakeholdersincollaborativeandcoordinatedwaytodirectoureffortswithunidirectionalapproachanditincorporatesstrategiestoenhancethecapacityofalldepartments/agencies/organizationstomoreeffectivelyprepareandrespondtodisastersituations.Thiscanbe achieved through the systematic processes of hazard, vulnerability and riskanalysis,which facilitates ingettingamorereal rationalbaseof informationuponwhich to frame operational plans and procedures. This Plan identifies the riskenvironmentandoutlinesthekeyinstitutionalandprogrammingcomponentsrelatedto effective disaster risk preparedness, management, emergency response andrecovery.

Allthedistrictofficialsanddepartments,civilsocietyandprofessionalexpertswhoextendedtheircooperationinthiswholeprocessaredullythanked.Thepreparationof theDisasterRiskManagementPlan is only the first step towards achieving thebroaderobjectiveofreducingdisasterrisks.Wearecommittedtoextendallpossiblesupport and provisions of resources for effective implementation of this Plan indistrictBagh.

ZaheerUdDinSecretary/DirectorGeneral,

Relief,DisasterManagement&CivilDefence,AJK


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MessagebyDeputyCommissioner

Withthebroaderobjectiveofdisasterriskreductioninmindandtoequipourinstitutionswiththenecessaryresourcesenablingthem to alleviate humanity suffering during disasters, I ampleasedtoannouncethedevelopmentofDistrictDisasterRiskManagementPlanforDistrictBagh.ThiscanbeseenasoneoftheremarkableachievementsofStateDisasterManagementAuthorityandDistrictAdministrationofBagh.

The Plan, among other aspects, clearly defines roles and responsibilities in pre,during,andpostdisasterphasesofallstakeholdersatthedistrictlevel.ItalsooutlinesStandard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for ensuring efficient and coordinatedemergencyresponse.Importantly,itprovidesmediumandlong‐termstrategiesandmeasures for disaster riskmanagement. In short, the Plan aims to save lives andreducevulnerabilitiesofpeople;andprotectlivelihoodsandinfrastructure.

I am grateful to the team of State Disaster Management Authority, especiallyHonorable Director General, SDMA, and other professional experts who wereinvolvedintheformulationofsuchasubstantialandvaluabledocument.Ihopethatall the stakeholderswill follow the strategic directions given in the Plan tomakeDistrictBaghsaferfromdisasterrisks.

SardarWaheedKhanDeputyCommissioner

Bagh


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AcknowledgementThisdocumenthasbeendevelopedthroughanextensiveprocessofconsultationwithdistrictstakeholders.Acknowledgmentisduetothefollowingdistrictadministrationofficials,departmentsandstakeholderswhoparticipatedintheconsultationprocessforthedevelopmentofthisplan.

Name Designation Department

Mr.GuftarHussainCh. DeputyCommissioner Revenue

Mr.HidayatullahRathore ASP Police

Dr.M.TariqKhan DHO Health

Mr.M.NadeemSarwar X‐EN Highways

EngineerZulfiqarKhan X‐EN(Operation) Electricity

Kh.IftikharH.Butt DeputyDirector Agriculture

Mr.ImtiazCughtai ChiefOfficer M.C

SardarBabarHaider AdministratorD.C DistrictCouncil

SardarM.LatifKhan DFO ForestDepartment

Mr.KhalidMumtaz S.D.O Building

Mr.AsadHafeezChughtai AD CivilDefence

Mr.SajjadAhmedAbbasi J/C SocialWelfare

Mr.M.SarwarKataria AssistantCommissioner Revenue

Dr.M.Shabbir DPO AJKCDP

Dr.SyedSibtain AssistantDirector Livestock

Mr.MuhammadIrshadKhan AssistantDirector LocalGovernment

Mr.MuhammadParwezKhan Informationofficer P‐RAJK(PID)

Mr.IjazAhmedQammar DFC Food

M.NawazKhan EstablishmentOfficer B.D.A

SyedHamidGardezi SubEngineer BDA


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Vision,MissionandObjectivesVision

EnhancedisasterresilienceintheDistrictBagh,AJ&K

Mission

Toreducevulnerabilityofhumanlife,propertyandtheenvironmenttonaturalas

wellasman‐madedisastersthroughawareness,mitigation,preparednessand

coordination.

Objectives

Tocontributeachievementofsustainabledevelopmentthroughminimized

humansuffering,lossanddamagetotheeconomicinfrastructureby

promotingandstrengtheningDistrictlevelcapacitiesfordisaster

management.

Tolocalizedisasterriskmanagementtothemaximumextentpossiblesoas

tominimizetheimpactonlife,livelihoodandenvironment

ToenhanceinstitutionalcapacitiesatDistrictlevelincludingthoserelatedto

technology,trainingandhumanandmaterialresources


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Chapter1: DistrictProfileAstheBagh(meaningGarden)andsoitisoneofthegreenestdistrictsofthestateofAJ&K.Priorto1947partitionofIndo‐PakBaghwasatehsilofdistrictPoonchofIndianOccupiedKashmir(IOK).LateritbecameatehsilofdistrictPoonchandintheyear1987BaghgainedthestatusofadistrictwithBaghcityasitsheadquarter.TheareaofthedistrictBaghisabout770sq.kms.covering5.8%ofthetotalareaofthestate.DistrictBagh isdivided into03sub‐divisionsnamelyBagh,DheerkotandHarighalwith52,61and27revenuevillagesrespectivelyandwith19unioncouncilsunderitsadministration.

DistrictBagh isverywellgiftedbythemothernatureasonecanfindanumberofworthvisitingplacesallover thedistrict likeSudangali,Dhirkot,Lasdana,etc.TheentiredistrictBaghismountainousandisgenerallycoveredwithconiferousforestsandfacingnortheasttosouthwest.ThefamousrangeofPirPanjalalsorunsthroughthisdistrict.

1.1. LocationBaghliesbetween33.9735Nlatitudeand73.7918Elongitudecoordinatesandtheelevationof the city is about 3405 feet above sea level. Bagh is accessible by tworoutesfromthecapitalcityMuzaffarabadoneviaKohalawhichis100kmsandsecondvia Suddan Gali, Chikar which is about 80 kms. Bagh is also accessible fromRawalpindi and Rawalakot, which are about 166 Kilometers and 48 kilometersrespectively. It is bounder on the north by Muzaffarabad district, on the east byoccupiedstateofJammuandKashmironthesouthbyPoonchDistrictandonthewestby Rawalpindi and Abbottabad districts of Pakistan. This city is situated on theconfluenceoftwominirivers/NullahsMahlwani&Mahlthoseflowalltheyearround.Therearemanyotherseasonalrivuletsflowinginthedistrict.Thewell‐known"HajiPeerPass"isabout32kilometersfromBaghcity.

1.2. ClimateClimate of the district varies with altitude. The temperature generally remainsbetween 2 Ċ to 40 Ċ. Themain eastern part of district is very cold inwinter andmoderateinsummer.However,lowervalleys,thelocalitiesborderingBaghatKohalaand its adjoin area (Mongbajri and Ajra‐Bagh) remain cold in winter and hot insummer. May, June and July are the hottest months. Maximum and minimumtemperaturesduringthemonthofJuneareabout40Cto22Ċrespectively.December,JanuaryandFebruaryarethecoldestmonths.ThemaximumtemperatureinJanuary


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isabout16Ċandminimumtemperatureis3Ċrespectively.Theannualprecipitationisabout1500millimeters.

DistrictBaghreceivesaround600mmofannualrainfall.Duetomountainousnatureofterrainthedistrictremainsvulnerabletoflashfloodingandlandsliding.IndistrictBagh,duringtheheavyrainfallseason,NullahMaahalposesthreatstoBaghcityandalsototheareafromDhullitoReraandChattar.ThewaterinthisNullaharisesintheMonsoonseasonwhichresultslossofinfrastructure,crops,livestockandhumanlivestosomeextent.

1.3. TerrainTopographically,theentireBaghdistrictismountainousarea,generallyslopingfromnorth‐easttosouth‐west.TheareafallsinlesserHimalayaszone.ThemainrangeindistrictisPir‐Panjal.TheHaji‐PirPassissituatedattheheightof3421metersabovesea level.Thegeneralelevation isbetween1500and2500metersabovesea level.Mountainsaregenerallycoveredwithconiferousforests.Mahlwani&MahlNullahsare the twomainstreams insub‐divisionBagh.However,othernumerousrivuletsflowinthedistrict.

1.4. LanguagesPahariandGojridialectsofPunjabilanguagearethepredominantlanguagesspokeninBagh.Kashmirispokentribes/familiesarealsofoundinthedistrict.

1.5. PopulationThepopulationcensusof1998revealedthatthepopulationofdistrictBaghwas0.282million,whichhasgrownto0.395millionin2015withtheannualgrowthof2.00%duringlastdecade.Thepopulationisspreadover770sq.kmswithpopulationdensityof513personspersq.kms.(2015)thiscomparestoaveragepopulationdensityof336personspersq.kmsintheStateasawhole.Theaveragehouseholdsizeinthedistrictis6.8membersperhouseholdcompareto7attheStatelevel,livingmostlyinextended/jointfamilystructures.Thepopulationispredominantlyruralandisalmost100%Muslim.


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PopulationFeatures2015

ProjectedpopulationofBagh(2015) 0.395million

Malepopulation(2015) 0.193million

Femalepopulation(2015) 0.201million

AverageFamilySize 6.8Members(MICS2007‐08)

GrowthRate 2.00%

PopulationDensity2015projected 513Persons/Sq.Kms.

LiteracyRate 74%

Religion Almost100%Muslims

Projectedonthebasisof1998Census

Source:i.PopulationCensusOrganization,Islamabad. ii.PSLM2014‐15Survey

Area,Population,Density,GrowthRate&Household‐Size

Area

(Sq.Kms)

PopulationCensus

1998

MICS

2007‐08

Projected

Population

2015

Densityin2015

(Persons/

Sq.Km)Population Growth

Rate

House‐hold

Size

770 0.282 2.00% 6.8 0.395 513

Source:PopulationCensusOrganization,Islamabad.

1.6. HealthThehealthcarecoverageofthedistrictBaghshowsagapbetweenserviceprovidersandpopulationtheysupposedtoserve.Onthefaceoftherapidpopulationgrowth,0.395millionheadsper2015projection,thedistricthasonly3hospitals,11RuralHealthCentersand20BasicHealthUnits/Dispensarieshavingcollectively472bedsaveragingonebedper837people.


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NumberofHospitals,Beds,RHCsandDispensaries

Hospitals RHCs BHUs/Dispensaries

No. Beds No. Beds No. Beds

3 300 11 132 20 40

Source:DirectorateofHealth,Muzaffarabad

HealthInstitutions

DHQHospitals

THQHospitals0

TBHospital

RHCs

BHUs

Dispensaries

FAPs(Approved)

FAPs(UnApproved)

MCHCenters

TB/LeprosyCenter

UnaniDispensaries

DentalCenters

EPICenters

MalariaCenters

TeachingInst.

01

01

01

11

20

05

19

21

23

10

02

06

33

32

01

Source:DirectorateofHealth,Muzaffarabad

1.7. EducationThepeopleofdistrictBagharemostlyeducatedastheliteracyrateofthedistrictisabout74%ascomparedto77%ofthestateofAJ&Kandstandshighwhencomparedtothe55%literacyrateinPakistan.

The network of educational institutions female students includes 172 primaryschools,90middleschools,37highschoolsand06highersecondaryschools.Andformalestudents63primaryschools,70middleschools,47highschoolsand04highersecondary schools.Whereas for higher level of studies there are 13 intermediatecolleges,01modelsciencecollege,04degreecolleges,02postgraduatecollegesandonecollegeofeducation.InadditiontotheseinstitutionsthereisaWomenUniversityinthedistrictBaghinwhich12differentfieldsofstudiesarebeingtaught.StudentsfromdistrictBaghnotonlyfulfilltheireducationalneedsfromtheseinstitutionsbutalsoseekadmissionsinsomeprofessionalcollegesanduniversitiesinotherdistrictsofAJ&KandPakistan.


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DetailsofSchools

Gender Mosque Primary Middle High HigherSecondary

Female 12 172 90 37 06

Male 100 63 70 47 04

NumberofGovernmentInstitutions

PostGraduate Degree Intermediate Total

Male Female Co‐Education



01 02 ‐ 01 02 01 04 09 01 21

Source:‐DirectorateofEducationColleges,Muzaffarabad

1.8. EconomicFeatures

Agriculture

TheagriculturalscenarioofdistrictBaghisnotdifferentfromtherestofthestateofAJ&K.ThetopographicfeaturesofdistrictBagharesamehavingpredominantlyhillyterrainwithveryfewbigplaincontours.Outofthetotal(770sq.kms)areaofthedistrict,36623acresoflandisundercultivation.Amongthatonly423acres’areaisirrigated while remaining area comprises of non‐irrigated farms. The averagecultivationarea,available foragricultureper family isonlyabout0.683acres.Themajorcropsofthedistrictaremazeandwheaton21154and11834acresrespectivelybutatsomeplacesrice,gram,bajraandjawararealsocultivated.Pulsesofdifferentkindsarealsogrownindifferentareasofthedistrict.Similarly,thesoilofthedistrictisalso ideal forsunflower,mustardandbasmatirice.Mostly thepopulationof theruralareasiseagerlydevotedtoplantationoffruitplantstomeettheneedsofpeople.For this purpose, agricultural and fruit nurseries have been established by theAgricultureDepartment.FruitsandnutsarewidelygrowninthedistrictlikeapplesandwalnutprimarilythatareevenexportedtotherestofstateandPakistan.


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AreaunderCultivation

Unit AreaunderCultivation

CultivatedAreaperFamily

CultivatedAreaperCapita

Acres 36623 0.683 0.105

Sources:AgricultureDepartment,Muzaffarabad.

AreaunderCultivation(Acres)

Non‐irrigatedArea

IrrigatedArea

AreaUnderMaize

AreaUnderwheat

AreaUnderRice

AreaUnderVegetables

36200 423 21154 11834 7 1619

Source:AgricultureDepartment,Muzaffarabad.

LivestockandDomesticPoultry

Cattle,buffalos,sheepandgoatsaremostlyrearedandhencecanbefoundineveryhouse in the areas other than theBagh city tomeet the domestic dairy andmeatrequirements.Theseanimalsalsohelpthefarmersintheirfieldsfordifferentfarmpractices.Poultrybirdsarealsorearedforeggandwhitemeat.

Tolookaftertheseassetsofthepeople,thegovernmenthasestablished07veterinaryhospitals, 05 veterinary dispensaries, 11 first aid centers and some other localveterinary units.Mules and assess are also reared tomeet the load carrying jobsespeciallybythepeoplelivingonthehillcontours.

NumberofAnimals/PoultryBirds

Cattle Buffalos Sheep Goats Camels Horses Mules Asses Poultry

41722 56996 19288 88016 ‐ 279 436 462 342257


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VeterinaryFacilities

CivilVeterinary

Hospitals

Veterinary

Dispensaries

FirstAid

Centers

TehsilLevel

Extensionoffice

Extension

Centers

A‐ICenters

Labs

Poultry

Multiplication

Centers

07 05 11 2 17 10 01 01

Source:‐LivestockDepartment,Muzaffarabad

Forest

ThemountainsofdistrictBagharehometomanyspeciesofconifers.Pine,Kail, firandothertrees likepoplar,shisham,kikar,willow,walnut,ban‐akhore,chinarandmannuare found inabundance in thedistrict.Outof1.007millionhectaresof thestateofAJ&K0.078millionconifersarestandingtallinthedistrictBagh.Furthermore,Baghowns0.018millionhectaresofrangelandaswell.

WildlifeofthedistrictismostlyconfinedinHavelirangewhereMarkhore,Himalayanthar,leopardcatandbeararefound.Amongbirdsmurghzareen,chakoreandmonedpheasantareavailable.Murghzareenandshihiinareconfinedtoforestsathighhillsandchakoreiscommonlyfoundinthelowerplants.

Inadditiontothesethereare6gamereservesintheforestsofdistrictBaghprotectingmanyendangeredspeciesofwildlife:

MoriSaidAliGameReserve PhallaGameReserve

HillanGameReserve NarGameReserve

SudhanGaliGameReserve DoomKallaGameReserve

Preserving

Leopard(Snow&Common),MuskDeer,HimalayanIbex,GreyGoral,BlackBear,GreyLangur,ResusMonkey,Peasants(Monal,Kaleej,Koklas,WesternHornedTragopan)andPalmCivet,PirPanjalMarkhor,Chukor,Jackal,RedFox.


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AreaUnderForests(millionhectares)

District Coniferous IrrigatedPlantation

RiverineBelaForest

ScrubForest

CoastalForest

RangeLands

Total

AJ&K 1.007 ‐ 0.023 ‐ ‐ 0.376 1.400

Bagh 0.078 ‐ 0.003 ‐ ‐ 0.018 0.099

Source:AJ&KForestDepartment,Muzaffarabad.

Industries

Twoflourmills,oneatKohalaandotheratArjaareoperative.Nootherindustryhasso farbeenestablished in thedistrict.Woolspinningonhandloomsiscarriedoutthroughoutthedistrict.Thearticlesmadefromthesehandlooms,arefordomesticuseonly.ThemaintradecentersofthedistrictareatDhirkot,BaghandKashmir.Sincethereisnoindustryinthedistrict,therefore,allessentialcommoditiesliketextiles,leather goods and other items of daily use are imported from variousmarkets ofPakistan.Themajorexportofthedistrictisapple.

1.9. PhysicalFeatures

Road

BaghdistrictisconnectedwithRawalpindibytworoadsviz:

Bagh–TainDhalkot–KotliSattianRoad Bagh‐KohalaMurreeroad

BaghisalsoconnectedwithKohala,Haveli,SuddhanGaliandMallotLasdanathroughmetaledroads.Besidesabove,3187kmkacha/paccalinkroadsareconstructedunderLocalGovernment.AlthoughthereisavastnetworkofroadnetworkinthedistrictBaghbutmostofthemarenotblacktoppedoringoodcondition.Hencetheruggedterrain and intense rainfall make transportation extremely difficult through theregion. Many roads are constructed along steep slopes often by excavating deepnotches into theweatheredbedrockand/oron fill that isperchedprecariouslyonsteepslopes.

Therefore,alltheroadsconnectingBaghwithotherdistrictsandPakistanareproneto frequent landslides at number of placesparticularlyduring the rainy/monsoonseason.


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(i)MetaledRoads(Km) (ii)Fair‐WeatherRoads(Km)

Total(i+ii)KMPWD

LG&RD

Total PW

D

LG&RD Total

DoublelaneRoads

MajorRoads

LinkRoads

59 184 595 105 943 ‐ 762 762 1705

Telecommunication

Special Communication Organization (SCO) operates and extensive telephonenetworkinthedistrictandallmaintownsofthedistricthavetelephoneconnectivity.There are 8 digital exchanges, 12 non‐digital exchange and 2 under constructiondigitalexchangeinDistrictBagh.Cellularphoneservicewithconsiderablecoveragehasalsobecomeavailableaftertheearthquake.

Power

BaghislinkedwithPakistan’snationalgridsystem.ThedistributionnetworkwithinthecityandrestofthedistrictistheresponsibilityofAJ&KElectricityDepartment.According to DCR 1998, overall 68.27% of the district area enjoy the benefit ofelectricityasthesourceoflighting.Inruralareaspercentagestoodat66.53%andforurban it was 97.78%. However, reportedly prior to earthquake and even afterearthquake,almost100%populationofDistrictBaghhaveaccesstoelectricity.Therearetwo33KVGridstationintheElectricityDivisionBaghi.e.oneatBaghandtheotheratMinhasa.


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Chapter2: Hazards,VulnerabilityandRiskAssessmentThecloseproximityofthedistricttotheHimalayashastwoeffects:firstly,ahydro‐meteorologicalone:thedistrictisaffectedbytheimpactoftheHimalayasonseasonalairflows,touchesthepeaksfromthewestwhichincreaseprecipitationthusmakingflashflooding,snowfallandlandslidesmorelikelythanotherwise.Second,amajorHimalayanfaultlinepassesthroughthedistrict.TheearthquakeREDZONE/faultlinedeterminedbytheGovernmentofPakistanalsotouchesthedistrict.

Indeed,BaghdistrictisexposedtovariousnaturaldisastersbecauseofitstopographyandlocationatthefarwesternendoftheHimalayanmountainrange.Thedistrictisregularlyaffectedbyheavyrainfallsassociatedwithflashfloodsandlandslidesaswellaswind/snowstorms.Withtheexceptionof1992floodthatwidelyimpactedlargeareasofPakistan,includingAJK,mostofthesehazardsaremainlyoflocalizednature.However,duetotheirfrequency,thecumulativeeffectonlivelihoodacrosstimespacein thedistrictasawhole issignificant.Thesehazardsagriculture(crops, livestock,orchardsetc.).Inaddition,regulardroughthasbeenreportedinDhirkottehsilinthewesternpartofthedistrictthatlierelativelyatlowerelevations.

YearWiseDisasterLossesofDistrictBaghYear Event Death Injured Houses

DamagedShops Cattle Water

MillAnyotherLossesFully Partially

2010 Flood 6 3 116 1279 47 0 6 02012 HeavyRains 8 0 41 749 0 0 0 02013 HeavyRains 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 02014 HeavyRains 2 3 444 1017 4 16 12 02015 HeavyRains 0 0 16 5 7 2 0 0

Earthquake 0 2 0 17 0 0 0 1Van2016 HeavyRains 3 1 40 190 20 0 0 0

2.1. MethodologyforHazard&RiskAssessmentThe consultation undertaken for developing District DRM plan has resulted inprioritizationofriskfacedbyarea.Thehazardmatrixwaspreparedbyconsideringthelikelihoodofoccurrence,extentofimpactanditsconsequences.Besideextensivediscussionswiththestakeholders,arangeofmethodologicaltacticswasalsoadoptedtoassess therisks that includedanalysisof spatialand temporaldisasterpatternswithfuturetrends.


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DistrictRiskAssessmentMatrix,drawnafterconsultationgaveanoverviewofriskassessments associatedwithdifferenthazards acrossBagh.Thebelowgiven tableshowstheseverityofthehazardtowhichBaghisproneto;

DistrictRiskAssessmentMatrix

NaturalDisastersManMadeDisastersGeoMetrological

HazardsHydroMetrological

DisastersOther

Earthquake

Landslides

Avalanches

FlashFloods

SeasonalFloods

CloudBurst

Windstorm

Lightening

Drought

Epidem

ics

FiringalongLOC

RoadAccidents

WildFire

Terrorism

Drowning

Extreme High Moderate Low Nil


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2.2. RisksAssociatedwithNaturalHazardsThemainhazardsaffectingpeopleinBaghdistrictarehydro‐metrologicali.e.heavyrainfallsleadingtoflashfloodsandlandslides,windstormsandsnowstorms/snowslide.Inthelower,westernpartsofthedistrictdroughtisalsoaproblem.OfCourse,the district was also seriously affected by the 2005 earthquake. However, suchseismic events are comparatively infrequent, and so the damage to lives andlivelihoods,thoughsevereatthetime,isnotlikelytoberepeatedforseveraldecades.

Flashfloodsandlandslidesoccureveryyear.Whilsteachparticularfloodorlandslidemayaffectsmallnumbersofpeople, thecumulativeeffectonlivelihoodsovertimeand space is significant though impact on physical infrastructure (roads/bridges),housesandagriculture(crops, livestock,orchardsetc.) Regularheavysnowfalls inwinterarealsoproblematiccentersandtransportforoveraninthehigheraltitudeswhich may be cut off from population centers and transport for over a month(review).Severewindstorms,whichoccuratleasteverythirdyearathigheraltitudesinparticular,candecimatefoodcropstherebyseriouslyaffectingfoodsecurity,andincreasing the reliance on labour income to meet food needs. In Dhirkot tehsil,droughtalsooccursregularlywithseriousimplicationsforfoodcropproduction.

Landslides

Even prior to the earthquake of 2005 district Bagh was prone to the hazard oflandslides due to theweak geological structures, steep slopes, tectonic uplift, andintenserainfallonthesteepslopesbuttheearthquakehasworseneditschancesandthe probability. Before earthquake of 2005 the mountains and the earth wascomparativelycompactbutthe2005earthquakewhereboughtthestructuresdowntothegrounditalsoalteredthecompactionstatusofthemountainsrenderingagreatthreatoflandslidingtothearea.Nowevenasmalljoltofanearthquakecantriggeramassivelandslide.Theselandslidesarenotnowonlyseismicshockreliantbutalsomanyothernaturalandmancausedactivitiesliketorrentialrains,humanvibratoryfactors (blasting) during road making or for any other developmental activity.Anothermajor cause that aggravates the situation is deforestation thatmakes themountainsbaldandbarrenleavingslopeshighlysusceptibletolandslides.Landslidesnotonlyposethreattothehumanlivesbutalsoaredreadfulfortheroadsandothernetworks,resultinginroadblockade,electricalandcommunicationespeciallytotheperipheralareasofthedistrictBagheffectingmobility,supplyandreliefworkssufferbadly.SomeoftheexamplesoflandslidingareJahalaslideonDheerkotArjahroad,SlideonNaryolaRawalakotroad,KalyariSlideandManasaSlideonKohalaDheerkotroad,DheriyanSamniroad,ChambarSlideonArjahBaghroad.Thesearetheslideswhicharevisibleandaccessibleforbeingonthemainroadswhereastherearemanyotherslideswhich,notbeingeasilyaccessible,areunnoticed.


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Thegeological,geomorphologic,andhydrogeologicalstructuresoftheareaaremajorcontributingfactorscausinglandslideactivityandaffectthelocalinhabitantsandtheenvironmentofthearea.Mostlyroadsbecometemporaryblockedcausingmobilityissues for the inhabitants of the area. Other consequential impacts are houses,buildingsandinfrastructurecollapse.

Vulnerability&RiskFactors

Therisksassociatedwithlandslidehazardswithinthevulnerabilitycontextoftheseareassuggestthat life, livelihoodsandbuilt infrastructureareallatriskowingthecombined effects of hazard and vulnerability context of the region. The key risksassociatedwithsetofhazardsareasfollowing:

a) Life, livelihoods and property risks to communities settled at steep slopes (inpotentiallyavalanche&landslidezones).

b) Communicationnetworklikeroads,bridgeslinkingthemainroadarteriestotheremotedestinationsofdistrictBagh.

c) In‐accessibility tocutoffcommunitiesresulting indelayedrescue,evacuation&deliveryofreliefsupplies.

d) Limited institutionalcapacity for landslideclearanceandrebuildingemergencycommunicationandcivicamenities.

Floods

Baghisseverelyexposedtothevarietyofhydro‐meteorologicaldisasters,likeflashandseasonalfloods,cloudburst&lightening.Allofthesearerain‐inducedhazards,which have been grouped together as they are inter‐linked at times in terms ofoccurrence and impact. Intense/heavy rains, catchment bursts, steep slopes, soiltextureandunguardeddeforestationinduceseveritytotheirdestructions.Theflashfloods at times turn into hill torrents and wreak havoc with settlements andinfrastructurethatcomesintheirway.Oftenflashfloodstriggersecondaryhazardslikeland/mudslides,soilerosionandsometimesavalanches.

OverthepastdecadehydrometeorologicalhazardshavedamageddistrictBaghfromtimetotime.Since2010thesehazardshaveclaimed24humanlivesandhaveinjured13people.Thedevastationoftheseraininducedhazardshavebeenmorecriticalandsevereonthepropertyoftheresidentsofthedistrictas657houseswerecompletelydamagedand3240houseswerepartiallydamagedsincetheyear2010.

Floodriskenhancingfactors:

a) Mostofthelosses(lifeandproperty)occurredasaresultofuncheckedmassiveencroachments and intrusion of population along river banks and differentNallahs,partlyalongthefloodpronehillblockedandheavilyencroacheddrainagesystemsof settlements also played amajor role in inundation and consequent


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destruction.ThedistrictadministrationsandotherAuthoritiesareobligated toinitiatecoercivemeasuresforclearingnaturalwaterflowingchannelsandoutletsand to put a stop on illegal occupation of land exposed to natural floods andhazards.Followingpicturesbarefacedtheprevalenttrendofencroachmentsovernaturalwaterflowsindistrict.

b) Unplannedconstructionofruralroadsinparticular,withoutstrictlyadheringtothegeomorphologicparametersi.e.wildlycuttingofhillstoes/slopes

c) Largescaledeforestationandinsufficientreforestation/Afforestationd) Useofvulnerableandmarginallandsforinhabitationpurposese) MassiveEnvironmentalDegradation


Therisksassociatedwithactivationoffloodhazardsingivenvulnerabilitycontextareasfollow:

a) Life, livelihoods and property risks to communities settled at steep slopes (Inpotentially flash flood zones); also communities settled in and around riverchannels.

b) Limitedaccessforimmediaterescueandreliefduetowiderdispersionofsettledpopulation.

Earthquake

Being the immediate neighbor of Muzaffarabad, which was the epicenter of thatearthquake,districtBaghsufferedprofoundlosses.TheearthquakeOctober8,2005affectedthesocio‐economiclifeofpeopleaswellasthephysicalinfrastructureofthedistrict.ThelossofhumanlivesintheDistrictBaghwasalsoimmenseastherewere9,366peoplewholosttheirlivesintheearthquake.Therewere7,440peoplewhogotinjuredintheearthquake.AtotalofRs.936.600millionandRs.159.525millionhasbeendisbursedincompensationofdeathandinjuredrespectivelyinthedistrict.

InBagh,privatehousingsectorsufferedahugelossas94.24%housingunitsweretotallydestroyedwhereas5.47%gotdamagedandonly0.29%remainedinliveablecondition.


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ExtentofDamagestoHousingSector

Destroyed Damaged NegligibleDamage

No. % No. % No. %

89295 94.24 5184 5.47 273 .29

The obvious reason for this heavy damage was the location of epicenter of theearthquakeclosetoBagh.KeepinginmindthefactthaturbanpartofdistrictBaghhad68%bakedbricks,blocksandstonehouses.The lossalso indicates structuraldesign weaknesses in the building of private housing that could not sustain theseismicshock.

Variousnationalandinternationalagencieshighlightedthatthisregionisstillunderthreatofabigearthquake.AsDr.RodgerBilham,ColoradoUniversityUSAsuggestsinareport(November,2005)thatthe2005EQhasnotreleasedthetotalcumulativeenergythathasbeendevelopingsincelastbigearthquakeinthisregionin1555orbefore.Still90%energyisyettobereleasedandmayexplodeanytimecausingahugedevastation.ResearchstudiesindicatethattheenergystoredalongtheHimalayanarcsuggests a high probability of several massive earthquakes. Further Dr. Bilhamanalyzed tectonic movements and indicated potential EQ / seismic hazard in PirPanjalmountainousrange.

UnderlyingEarthquakeRisks

TheriskanalysisofdistrictBaghsuggeststhatfollowingsectors&peopleareatmostriskbecauseofearthquakehazard:

a) Partially damaged houses & public infrastructure made vulnerable by theearthquakein2005.

b) Communitieslivingonedgesandsteepslopes.c) Communitiessettledinfar‐flungareasandthoseonhighaltitudeareathigherrisk

ofnotreceivingimmediatereliefincaseofearthquake.d) Energyandcommunicationdistributionlinks/network


Cognitively whole region is characterized by generalized pattern of commoninstitutional,socialandculturalvulnerabilities,whichareapplicableacrossdifferenthazardsandgroups.Thegeneralvulnerabilitiesareasfollow:

a) Illiteracy, poverty and limited access to social services for communities andfinancialconstraintsforpublicagenciestoimproveaccesstoservices.


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b) Absenceorweakimplementationarrangementofpolicies,legalinstrumentsandcodes(suchasbuildingcodes)forriskconsciousdevelopmentplanning.

c) Availabilityoflimitedsafelandwithincreasinggrowthofsettlementsinnon‐safeareas.

d) Absenceofcontingencyordepartmentalemergencypreparednessplans.

Avalanches

The geological location and the topography of the district make it prone to theavalanches.Theoccurrenceofthishazardhasbeendiminishingoveraperiodoftimedue tomany factors like global warmingwhich has resulted in less snowfall andexpansionofthecityandvillages.

WindStormsandDroughts

DistrictBaghexperiencesfrequentandintensewindstormswhichusedtobegentleinthepastarenowfierce.Thoughnoscientificexplanationisavailabletosubstantiatethestatement,mostoftheenvironmentalists’termdeforestation,extremeweatherandtemperaturevariationsascausativefactorsforwindstorms.

Droughtisaninsidioushazardofnature,althoughithasscoresofdefinitions.Droughtoriginatesfromadeficiencyofprecipitationoveranextendedperiodoftime,usuallya seasonormore.Thisdeficiency results inwater shortages for limited livelihoodactivities.

DistrictBaghremainedinthegripofprolongeddroughtbetweentheyears2000to2004,whichcausedextensivedamagetorain‐fedcrops.Itaffectedtheorchardsandlivestockalso,whichaddedtotheeconomicwoesofdrought.Thedrought2000‐2004is associated with regional climatic change processes whereby the whole regionremained in the grip of Elnino effect (source reports of Pakistan MeteorologicalDepartment).DroughtcanbeexpectedagainindistrictBaghduetotheextensivede‐vegetationandlowrainfall.


Thepeculiar vulnerabilitiesofpeople fromwindstormsanddroughts areoutlinedbelow:

a) ResidentsofmakeshiftshelterswithCGSsheetsasrooftopsb) Communitiesandfamilieslivingatmountaintopsandslopesc) Droughtrelatedvulnerabilitiesarelossoflivelihoods,landandlanddegradation.d) Lossofpotablewaterbecauseofdryingofsprings.


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Epidemics

Inpost‐earthquake2005scenario,incidencesoflocalizedepidemicshaveregisteredasteadyincreaseinthedistrictmainlyforreasonssuchasunsafepotablewater,poorsanitation and changed housing/living pattern. The urbanization trend of thepopulationofBaghtogetherwithweakinstitutionalarrangementforimmunizationand field‐based surveillance of disease trends are key vulnerabilities. All suchconditionsmakedistrictBaghpronetoacuterespiratoryinfectionsandwaterbornediseaseslikediarrhea/dysentery,entericfever,hepatitisA&Eandworminfestation.Thereareoccasionalreportsofscabiesandrabiesepidemicsincertainareas.

2.3. RisksAssociatedwithHumanInducedHazards

RoadAccidents

Accident is defined as an unfortunate incident that happens unexpectedly andunintentionally, typically resulting in damage or injury. These are considered asmanageable emergency events but not the disasters. The cumulative impact ofaccidentsisnotconsideredbecausenaturaldisastersareofsuddenoccurrenceandattractpeoplebytheforceoftheirimmediateconsequenceswhereasaccidentstakingtollofhumanlivesandeconomyareoftenunreported,unnoticedandthevictimsoftheseaccidentsareillcompensated.RoadsinthedistrictBaghareofsinglelaneandarewithblindcornersotherthanthecityhencetheroadaccidentsoccurfrequently.Therearemultiplereasonsoftheaccidentsinthedistrictlikerashdriving,sharpandblind curves, dying condition of the vehicles, bad condition of the roads andoverloading. All of these causes attribute towards the accidents in the district.WhereastheGovt.ofAJ&KhasfollowednearlyallthepossibleSOPsneededtopreventaccidents.

RoadaccidentsareincreasingdaybydaywiththeincreaseinthenumberofvehiclesandheavytrafficmovementsduetocertaindevelopmentalactivitiesinthedistrictBagh.Furthermore,manyroadsintheremoteareasarenotblacktoppedmakingthetransportation extremely difficult on the steep sloppy roads. Overloading is alsoanothercauseoftheaccidents.Thevehiclesareinadequatewhencomparedtothenumber of passengers travelling towards the peripheries of the district, so thepassengers aremore inside and at the top of vehicles exceeding the load bearingcapacityofthevehiclecausingacuteimbalancetothevehicle.

In conclusions road accidents in the district is one of the biggest problems thataggravatethedisastroussituationinthedistrict.


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FiringalongtheLoC

Kashmir,theunresolvedagendaonUNSecurityCouncilsinceindependenceofsub‐continentisthecontinuousandticklingcauseofconfrontationbetweenPakistanandIndia,posesanimmensethreattotheresidentsofthestate.Thiscauseleadstocrossborder‐firingmostofthetimes.Therearenumerousvillagesthoseareexposedtothismanmadehazard.Butthereisonlyonerevenuevillage(AzadBara)ofdistrictBagh,whichisexposedtothiscrossborderfiring.However,therestofthedistrictisawayfromthedangerofthishazard.


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Chapter3: ChallengesandOpportunitiesforDisasterRiskManagementAlthough disastermanagement related institutions have been set up at State andDistrictLevelunderthelegitimatecoverofStateDisasterManagementAct2008.TheDistrictDisasterManagementAuthoritieshavebeennotifiedbutthereisdesperateneedtobuildthecapacitiesofthistierofdisastermanagementtomakethosefullyfunctional.MajorchallengesforsteadyprogressarelimitedfinancingavailablefortheDRRinterventionsbothatStateanddistrictlevel.Besides,thereisneedtoputmoreemphasis on addressing the underlying causes of vulnerabilities, such as poverty,unplanned urbanization and environmental degradation. This is of extremeimportance tohaveawell‐establishedand robustDRMsystem inAJKas theStatefaces frequent natural disaster. Moreover, other challenges include lack ofcoordination among the response institutions, advocacy campaigns, insufficientresearchinDRM,noproperhazardriskassessmentandmappingandnomechanismforrisktransferandriskinsurance.Toalleviatethesufferingofpeople,anefficientDisasterRiskManagement(DRM)Systemisofutmostimportanceatthedistrictlevelin theAJ&Kespeciallyafter thedevastatingearthquakeof2005.Butunfortunatelytherearenumerouschallengesthosearedirectlyorindirectlyavertingthedisasterresiliencetoachieve.Thesechallengescanbecategorizedasfollowing:

InstitutionalChallenges Operational&CapacityChallenges Planning&PolicyChallenges

3.1. InstitutionalChallenges Re‐activeapproachhasremainedpredominationwayofdealingwithdisasters

beforedevastatingearthquakeof2005intheStateanddisastersituationsweremainlydealtwithcalamityActof1958.

The Earthquake 2005 exhibited the need of disastermanagement institutionalarrangementsintheregion.AfterpromulgationoftheStateDisasterManagementAct2008,althoughState&DistrictDisasterManagementinstitutionshavebeenestablished,butcapacityoftheseorganizationsisyettobuildintermsofhumanandcapitalresources.

Dedicated District Disaster Management Officials at DDMA level to assist thedeputycommissionerindisasterriskmanagementrelatedactivities.

Lack of skilledmanpower, resources and enough capacities including financialresourcestodealwiththedisaster/emergencies.


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3.2. Operational&CapacityChallengesScarcity of technical operational resources and lack of trained human resourceshinders thedevelopmentofdisaster riskmanagement atdistrict level. Inadequatecapacitynearlyineverysectorisanotherchallengetothedisasterriskmanagementsystem.

Limited operational resources and technical capacities tomainstream disasterriskmanagementintodevelopmentplanningandpractice.

Inadequate financial support forpreparedness,disaster risk reductione.g.pre‐positioning of stocks, emergency response toolkits and lack of emergencyresponsefundsetc.

Limited trained human resources to coordinate and plan relief, recovery andreconstructionphasesinpostemergencysituations.

Challengesposedbytheclimatechangeandglobalwormingresultinobservingabnormalitiesinthemonsoonrainfallpatternandweathersystem.

DuplicationofeffortsandinfluxofrecoursesbythedonorsandI/NGOs. Lackofcapacitiesofthegovernmentorganizationstoplanandexecuteprojects.

3.3. Planning&PolicyChallenges Need to strengthen the weak coordination mechanism among the lead

stakeholderstodealwithdisastersituation. Absence of budgetary allocation dedicated for disaster risk management in l

developmentplans. Lack of awareness and resources to mainstream disaster risk reduction

interventionsintoplanneddevelopmentalactivities. Absence of multi hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment which acts as

foundationforthedevelopmentpractices. Absenceofsectoralcontingencyresponseplans todealwith thesectorspecific

emergencies. Lackofsimulationexerciseinvolvingalldistrictlevelstakeholderssoaneffective

emergencyresponseshouldbeensured. Reliance on external resources and dependency on donors leading towards

latent/lethargicresponse.


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3.4. StrengthsandOpportunitiesforDisasterRiskManagement

NewDRM systemwas introduced in the State after the establishment of DisasterManagement Authorities at State and District level in 2008. From then to on,significant capacities have been built‐up to cater for various aspects of the DRM,however,thecapacityisyettobefullyharnessedtoaddressallaspectsoftheDisasterRiskManagement.There is adireneed to invest indisaster riskmanagementandmainstreamDRRintodevelopment.

AlthoughtheGovernmentofAzadJammu&Kashmirhasbeeninstrumentalinputtingtogether its efforts and resources in order to increase the capacities of all thestakeholdersinvolvedinDRMsystem,ithasbeenrealizedthatthereisstillalottobedoneformakingthehazardpronecommunitiesresilienttodisasters.

Following are some of the strength and opportunities which provide windowopportunitytofullyfunctionalizethedisasterriskmanagementsystem.

Disastersprovidedevelopmentopportunitiesand there is lot to learn fromtherecentdisastersthathappenedoneafteranotherintheState.

Paradigmshiftapproachfromre‐activetopro‐activeandasaresultinstitutionsareinplacetomorefocusonpreparednessandmitigationandwell‐coordinatedemergencyresponse.

Heightened awareness and commitment at all levels and most importantlyamongstdecisionmakersaboutdisasterrisksandvulnerabilities.

HandsonexperienceandlottosharewithInternationalcommunitiesintheformof built back better after the devastating 2005 earthquake. Massive floodresponse,recoveryrehabilitationandreconstructionexperience.

Influx of resources and I/NGO investments on communitymobilization/organization combinedwith technical expertise in certain sectorsofferpotentialforenhancedcommunitycapacitiestocontributetodisasterriskmanagementandeffectiveresponse.

Availability of trained and experienced human resource both in Public sectoragenciesandI/NGOsforfutureDRMwork.

Communities are more proactive and eagerly take part in DRM and otherdevelopmentactivities.


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Chapter4: InstitutionalSystemsforDisasterManagementinDistrict

4.1. DistrictDisasterManagementAuthority(DDMA)DistrictDisasterManagementAuthorities(DDMAs)havebeenestablishedinalltheten districts of AJ&K in accordancewith the AJKDisasterManagementOrdinance2007,lateronbecameAJKDisasterManagementAct2008.

TheDDMAisthefocalorganizationandauthorityintheconductandimplementationofactivitiesandactionsondisastermanagementinDistrictBagh.Inpre,duringandpost disaster stages theDDMAholds primary importance. Basically alongwith itsTown/TehsilandUCtiers,theDDMAisresponsibleforthreemainobjectives.

Predisasterpreparedness Duringthedisasterimmediateresponse PostdisasterrehabilitationactivitiesThe DDMA is a coordinating mechanism for all government agencies and non‐governmental organizations operating in a district and have functions which areimportantfordisasterriskreductionaswellasdisasterresponse.

If the scaleofdisaster is limited,DDMAneed tohandleeverythingby themselves,however,ifthescaleofdisastergetslargerandseveraldistrictsareaffectedatonce,SDMAneed tocoordinate their activities.However,DDMAsare themost forefrontorganizationssothatenhancementoftheirorganizationisoneofthemostimportantactivitiestobeimplementedattheearliestpossibletime.

4.1.1 CompositionofDistrictDisasterManagementAuthority(DDMA)

Aspersection13ofAJKDMAct2008,theDeputyCommissionerofBaghwillserveasthechairman‐exofficioofDistrictDisasterManagementAuthority,BaghalongwithfollowingmembersoftheAuthorityforeffectivedisasterriskmanagementplanningandimplementation:

Memberofthelegislativeassemblyfromtherespectiveconstituency,exofficio‐advisors

Senior/Superintendentofpoliceofthedistrict,memberexofficio DistrictHealthOfficer,member,exofficio AssistantDirectorCivilDefence,member,exofficio Suchotherdistrictlevelofficers,tobeappointedbythegovernment


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Chairman DDMA Deputy Commissioner

DDMA Secretariat

Police Member

Health Member

Civil Defence Member

Education Member

District Level Officer Member

All District Department

NGOs/INGOs

Legislative Assembly Member

DDMAmemberswill includedesignatedrepresentativeofall linedepartmentsandNGOs/INGOsoperatinginthedistrict.

4.1.2 TheOffice/SecretariatoftheDistrictDisasterManagementAuthorityBagh

The Deputy Commissioner (DC) is the head of the District Disaster ManagementAuthority.ToassisttheDeputyCommissioner,asecretariatisproposedtosupporttheday–to‐dayoperationsofDDMA.ADistrictDisasterManagementOfficer(DDMO),qualifiedandexperiencedindisasterriskmanagement,isproposedtoappointwhowillprovideadministrativesupportandwillworkdirectlyunderthesupervisionofDeputy Commissioner of Bagh. DDMO should have a dedicated team ofminimumthreestaffmemberswhowillbe inchargeofthreevital tasks i.e. technicalsupport(Training&Education),operationalsupportandFinanceandadminsupportsothattheDDMAworksefficientlythroughouttheyear.

The number of required staff, procedures and ToRs of the secretariat will bedevelopedbytheDDMA.


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DDMA Chairman

Technical Group

Liaison Officer

District Disaster Management Officer

Support Group

4.1.3 FunctionsofDDMA

PowersofChairpersonofDistrictDisasterManagementAuthority(DDMA)

TheChairpersonoftheDistrictAuthorityundersection14ofAJKDMAct2008shall,inthecaseofanemergency,havepowertoexercisealloranyofthepowersoftheDistrictAuthoritybut theexerciseofsuchpowersshallbesubject toexpost factoapprovaloftheDistrictAuthority.

PowersandfunctionsofDistrictDisasterManagementAuthority(DDMA)

Subjecttotheprovisionundersub‐section(1)ofsection15inAJKDMAct2010,TheDistrictDisasterManagementAuthorityshallbethedistrictplanning,coordinatingand implementing body for disaster management and take all measures for thepurposesofdisastermanagementinthedistrictinaccordancewiththeguidelineslaiddownbytheAuthority.

Aspersub‐section(2)section15ofAct,withoutprejudice tothegeneralityof theforegoingprovisions,theDistrictAuthoritywillperformfollowingfunctions.

a. Prepareadisastermanagementplanincludingdistrictresponseplanforthedistrict.

b. CoordinateandmonitortheimplementationofthePolicy,andPlan.

c. Ensurethattheareasinthedistrictvulnerabletodisastersareidentifiedandmeasures

for theprevention of disasters and themitigationof its effects areundertakenby the

departmentsoftheGovernmentatthedistrictlevelaswellasbythelocalauthorities.

d. Ensure that the guidelines for prevention, mitigation, preparedness and response

measures as laid down by the Authority are followed by all departments of the

Governmentatthedistrictlevelandthelocalauthoritiesinthedistrict.


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e. Givedirectionstodifferentauthoritiesatthedistrict levelandlocalauthoritiestotake

suchothermeasuresforthepreventionormitigationofdisastersasmaybenecessary.

f. Laydownguidelinesforpreparationofdisastermanagementplansbythedepartments

oftheGovernmentatthedistrictslevelandlocalauthoritiesinthedistrict.

g. MonitortheimplementationofdisastermanagementplanspreparedbytheDepartments

ofthegovernmentatthedistrictlevel.

h. LaydownguidelinestobefollowedbytheDepartmentsoftheGovernmentatthedistrict

level.

i. Organizeandcoordinatespecializedtrainingprogrammesfordifferentlevelsofofficers,

employeesandvoluntaryrescueworkersinthedistrict.

j. Facilitatecommunitytrainingandawarenessprogrammesforpreventionofdisasteror

mitigationwith the support of local authorities, governmental and non‐governmental

organizations.

k. Setup, maintain, review and upgrade the mechanism for early warnings and

disseminationofproperinformationtopublic.

l. Prepare,reviewandupdatedistrictlevelresponseplanandguidelines.

m. Coordinatewith,andgiveguidelinesto,localauthoritiesinthedistricttoensurethatpre‐

disasterandpost‐disastermanagementactivitiesinthedistrictarecarriedoutpromptly

andeffectively.

n. Review development plans prepared by the Departments of the Government at the

district level, statutory authorities or local authoritieswith a view tomakenecessary

provisionsthereinforpreventionofdisasterormitigation.

o. Identifybuildingsandplaceswhichcould, intheeventofdisastersituationbeusedas

reliefcentresorcampsandmakearrangementsforwatersupplyandsanitationinsuch

buildingsorplaces.

p. Establishstockpilesofreliefandrescuematerialsorensurepreparednesstomakesuch

materialsavailableatashortnotice.

q. Provide information to the Authority relating to different aspects of disaster

management.

r. Encourage the involvement of non‐governmental organizations and voluntary social‐

welfare institutions working at the grassroots level in the district for disaster

management.

s. Ensurecommunicationsystemsareinorder,anddisastermanagementdrillsarecarried

outperiodically;and

t. PerformsuchotherfunctionsastheGovernmentmayassigntoitorasitdeemsnecessary

fordisastermanagementintheDistrict.


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For the purpose of assisting, protecting or providing relief to the community inresponsetoanydisaster,theDistrictAuthorityhasadditionalmandatesasfollows;

Givedirectionsforthereleaseanduseofresourcesavailablewithanydepartment

oftheGovernmentandthelocalauthorityinthedistrict.

Controlandrestrictvehiculartrafficto,fromandwithin,thevulnerableoraffected

areas.

Controlandrestricttheentryofanypersoninto,hismovementwithinadisaster

area.

Removedebris,conductsearchesandcarryoutrescueoperations.

Provide shelter, food, drinking water and essential provisions, healthcare and

services.

Establishemergencycommunicationsystemsintheaffectedarea.

Makearrangementsforthedisposaloftheunclaimeddeadbodies.

DirectanyDepartmentoftheGovernmentoftheAJKanyauthorityorbodyunder

thatGovernmentatthedistrictleveltotakesuchmeasuresasarenecessaryinits

opinion.

Requireexpertsandconsultantsintherelevantfieldstoadviseandassistasitmay

deemnecessary.

Procureexclusiveorpreferentialuseofamenitiesfromanyauthorityorperson.

Construct temporary bridges or other necessary structures and demolish

structureswhichmaybehazardoustothepublicoraggravatetheeffectsofthe

disaster.

Ensurethat thenon‐governmentalorganizationscarryout theiractivities inan

equitableandnon‐discriminatorymanner.

Take such other steps asmaybe required orwarranted to be taken in such a

situation.

4.2. LocalAuthoritiesSection19ofAJKDisasterManagementAct2010setsfunctionalresponsibilitiesforlocalauthorities.SubjecttothedirectionsofDistrictAuthority,thelocalauthoritywillperformfollowingfunctions.

a) Ensurethatitsofficersandemployeesaretrainedfordisasterriskmanagement.


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b) Ensurethatresourcesrelatingtodisasterriskmanagementaresomaintainedastobereadilyavailableforuseintheeventofanythreateningdisastersituationordisaster.

c) Ensurethatallconstructionprojectsunderitorwithinitsjurisdictionconformtothe standards and specifications laid down for prevention of disasters andmitigationbytheAuthorityandtheDistrictAuthority.

d) Carryoutrelief,rehabilitationandreconstructionactivitiesintheaffectedareainaccordancewiththedistrictplan.

TheLocalauthoritymaytakesuchothermeasuresasmaybenecessaryfordisastermanagement

Incaseofanyunfortunatedisastercommunitiesalwaysarethefirsttoactwiththesupportofbasicadministrativeunits likeTehsilDisasterRiskManagementbodies,UnionCouncilDRMbodiesandCommunityOrganizations.Soitisofprimeimportancetostrengthenthesebodiesineverywayincludingbasicandrequiredknowledgeandskillsandhaveaccesstoadequatephysical,technicalandfinancialresourcestoplanandmanagedisastermanagementactivitieswellontime.Thesebodiesaretheactualtools of anyManagementAuthoritywithoutwhich the riskmanagement is nearlyimpossible.Thesegrassroot levelmanagementbodiesworkundertheplatformofthreelevels:

1. TehsilDisasterManagementCommittee/Body

2. UnionCouncilManagementCommittee/Body

3. CommunityOrganizations.

4.2.1 TehsilDisasterManagementCommittee(TDMC)

Committees at this level are the frontline of disaster risk reduction and response.TehsilAuthoritiesplayaprimeroleinorganizinganddeliveringemergencyresponseandreliefbefore,afterandduringthedisaster.Thisisthelowestadministrationlevelfor many of government departments where they directly interface withcommunities.Extensionworkersofagriculture,education,health,police,revenueandotherdepartmentscanplayvitalrole inriskreduction,awarenessraising,damageassessment, loss of life and recovery need assessment. Chairperson Tehsil DMcommitteewillleadtheriskreductionandresponseoperationwiththehelpofothermembers in consultation with DDMA. For Tehsil Level Disaster ManagementCommittee,itisproposedthatAssistantCommissionermaybeproposedasChairmanalongwith the Instructor CivilDefense andProjectManager LocalGovernment asmembersofTehsilCommittee.


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ProposedOrganogramofTDMC

4.2.2 UnionCouncilsDisasterManagementCommittee(UCDMC)

UnionCouncilsarethelowesttierinthegovernancestructure.AtUnionlevel,UnionCouncilsDisasterManagementCommittee(UCDMC)willbeestablishedresponsiblefor coordination and implementation of disaster management activities. It isrecommended that SecretaryofUCsmaybedesignatedasChairmanof aUC levelDisasterManagementCommitteealongwithPatwari,FieldAssistantfromLivestock& Agriculture departments, Health representatives at UC level asmembers of UCDisasterManagementCommittee.

ProposedOrganogramofUCDMC

Members

PatwariForestOfficer

HeadMaster/Principal

Secretary,LocalGovt.ReligiousLeaders

PresidentofLocalMarketAssociation

SHO

Chairman,UnionCouncil

Members

ChiefOfficer,BaldiaProjectManager,LocalGovernment

Sub‐divisionalOfficer(PWD)

ACF/RangeOfficerAsst.EducationOfficer

AgricultureOfficer

PrincipalASP

ReligiousLeadersPresidentTraders'Association

ASP

AssistantCommissioner


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4.2.3 VillageDisasterManagementCommittee(VDMC)

TheVillageDisasterManagementCommittee(VDMC)willplayapivotalrolebeingthefirst responder to any eventuality. VDMC will act as forefront line entity againstdisasters.

Itwillbe responsibilityofDDMAs to constituteVDMCandbring these in corporalshape.VDMCcanbecomprisedonHeadmasterofvillage level schoolas chairmanalongwithImamMasjid,LadyHealthWorkerandprominentresidentsofrespectivevillageasmembersofthiscommittee.TheformulatedVDMCwillberegisteredwithDDMAandSDMAaccordingly.

For selection of VDMC members from village/volunteer the following Terms ofReferenceToRscanbeadopted.

1. Membershouldbethepermanentresidentoftherespectivevillage.2. OnlyonememberfromonehouseholdshouldbedesignatedasmemberofVDMC.3. Preferablyshouldbeliterate.4. Shouldpossessthewillingtotakeactivepartincapacitybuildinginitiativeand

reliefwork.5. InVDMCrepresentationshouldmustbegiventowomen,vulnerablegroupsand

personwithdisability.6. Notable,educatedandenthusiasticpersonalcouldbepreferred.

4.2.4 CommunityBasedOrganizations(CBO)

Community Based Organizations are the non‐governmental bodies created fromwithinthecommunity.TehsillevelauthoritiesdevelopandpromotethecapacityofCBO in order to reduce risk and damage. CBOs will be trained about local earlywarning system, evacuation, first aid, search and rescue, firefighting etc. LinkageswouldbedevelopedbetweenCBOsandrelevantlocalagencies;e.g.agriculture,banks,health and veterinary services to promote disaster preparedness. Skills andknowledgeofCBOleadershipwillalsobedevelopedinfinancialmanagement,peoplemanagement,resourcemobilization,interpersonalcommunicationandpresentationandnegotiationskills.TheprovisionofCitizenCommunityBoards (CCBs) inLocalGovernment Ordinance (LGO 2001) provides a good opportunity to organizecommunities and mobilize resources for issues like local level disaster riskmanagement.

4.3. IndividualsThebasicprincipleofthedisastermanagementpracticesistosaveanindividualatthe time of disaster. And that is the timewhen the closest of all is the individual


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himself of his family or neighbor hence it naturally understandable that until andunless an individual is not educated and trained about the disasters and countermeasuresagainstdisasterseveryeffortinthewaywillgofruitless.Onewell‐trainedindividualcaneducateacommunity,avillage,whichcouldminimizethelossesanddamages at the time of any disaster. Therefore, to promote effective disastermanagementskills,individualsneedtoparticipateindisastermanagementdrillsandtrainings.


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Chapter5: RolesandResponsibilitiesofKeyStakeholdersThekeydisastermanagement activities that all the line governmentdepartments,NGOs/INGOs and other relevant stakeholders operating in district, required toperformateachstageofdisastershavebeencompiledinthissectioninconsultationwithrespectiveagencies.Therolestobeperformedateachstageofdisasterbyalldistrict line departments and organizations have been preparedwith objective ofmaking concerned departments understand their duties and responsibilitiesregardingdisastermanagementatdistrictlevels.Alldepartmentsandagencieswillprepare their own action plans in respect of their responsibilities for efficientimplementation.

Generally, governmentdepartments should integrate the following set of commonactivitiesinrelationtodisasterriskmanagementandresponsebeingtheinstitutionalmembersofDDMA:

a) Designate one Liaison Officer in the Department as the Disaster ManagementFocal Point to ensure the active participation in disaster‐related activities andmeetingsorganizedandcoordinatedbyDDMA.

b) AllocatefundsinannualbudgetforimplementationofdisasterriskmanagementactivitiesinhazardproneareaswithintheDistrictinrelationtotheirsub‐sector.

c) Establishment of Emergency Centre in their own departments for thecoordinationwithDDMAandfortimelyresponseincaseofanyemergency.

d) Mapoutalltechnicalandmaterialresourcesavailablewiththedepartmentthatcan be utilized /deployed for disaster preparedness, response, recovery andrehabilitationphase.

e) Availabilityofstandbyskilledtrainedandqualifiedstaffsthathavethecapacityofdealwithanytypeofdisaster.

f) Develop linkages and partnership with humanitarian organizations/NGOsworkingindistricttohavetheirsupportfordisasterrelatedactivitiese.g.training,institutionalsupportforresponse&recovery.

g) Prepareandupdatedepartmentalspecificcontingencyplans.h) Restorationofallthefunctionsofdepartmentandbringthosebacktothenormal

afterdisaster.Inadditiontocommondisastermanagementactivities,eachdepartment/organizationwillfocusonundertakingfollowingspecificactivitiesinrelationtodisasterriskmanagementaspertheirownmandateandjurisdiction:


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5.1. DistrictDisasterManagementAuthorityTheDDMAisthefocalorganizationandauthority inconductingandimplementingactivities and action on disaster management in district Bagh. In the event ofemergencysituations,thedeputycommissioner(chairpersonDDMA)willcoordinateamong district level officers of different departments, international and non‐governmental agencies working in district. In order to demarcate roles andresponsibilitiesindisastermanagement,DDMAsarethemostfrontlineorganizationstodealwithdisastersindisastermanagementandresponse.

TheDDMAwillperformthefollowingduties:

BeforeDisaster(NormalTimes)

a) PrepareDistrictDisasterManagementPlanincludingdistrictresponseandcontingencyplan and disseminate to different departments, agencies, volunteers and communitygroupsworkinginthedistrict.

b) Coordinated,ensureandmonitortheimplementationofStateandDistrictlevelplans.c) EnsurethenominationofLiaisonOfficerastheDisasterManagementFocalPointfrom

eachDepartmentandorganizationhasbeenreceived.d) Ensure District Emergency Operation Centre (DEOC) has been equipped with all

necessarygadgetsandoperationalized.e) Disasterriskreductionmeasuresareundertakenbythegovernmentdepartments,local

authorities andgeneral public. EnsureproposedDRRmeasures are focusedonhighlyvulnerableandsocialexcludedgroups.

f) Givedirectionstodifferentdepartment/authoritiesasthedistrictandlocalleveltotakeat the district and local level to take such other DRRmeasures for the prevention ormitigationofdisasterasmaybenecessary.

g) Identify high risk areas and populations and prepare vulnerability profiles, resourceprofilesandcontingencyplansforthem.

h) Ensure state of readiness and operational status of facilities designated to serve asshelters.

i) Establishstockpilesofreliefandrescuematerialsorensurepreparednesstomakesuchmaterialsavailableatashortnoticeduringanyemergencyordisaster.

j) OrganizeandcoordinatespecializedDRRrelatedtrainingprogramsfordifferentlevelsofofficers,employeesandvoluntaryrescueworkersinthedistrict.

k) Facilitate community level DRR trainings and awareness programs for prevention ofdisasterormitigationwithsupportoflocalauthorities,governmentandnon‐governmentorganizations.

l) TakesupportoftheCivilDefence,PRCSandnon‐governmentalorganizationstoestablishUCandVillage levelDRRCommunities andensure that they areproperly trainedandselectioncriteriaforthecommitteesareinplace.

m) Ensure preparation and maintenance of updated inventory of personnel, aid/reliefmaterialandequipment.

n) Developpoolofvolunteersandtheirdatabaseforeffectiveemergencyresponsewiththesupport of PRCS, non‐governmental organizations and voluntary social welfareinstitutionworkingatthegrassrootslevelfordisastermanagement.


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o) Setup,maintain, reviewandupgradethemechanismformultihazardearlywarnings,disseminationandeducationofproperinformationtopublic.

p) Ensureavailabilityofcommunicationandtransportfacilitiesfordeliveryofwarningsandrelevantmaterialtofieldpersonnel.

q) Ensuretrainingofteamsofvolunteersfordisseminatingdisasterwarningstothefieldlevelandalsoforevacuation,search,rescue,reliefandrehabilitationoperations.

r) Ensuredrillsondisasterpreparednessbythepeopleofdisasterproneareasforacquiringknowledge and consciousness of such preparedness in coordination with concerneddepartments,localadministrativeagenciesandcivildefensedepartment.

s) Organizesurveyofbuildingsandinstallationsforusingasshelters/reliefcentresduringdisastertimes.

t) Ensurebasicfacilitiesforpersonnelwhowillworkatdistrictlevelfordisasterresponse.u) Reviewthepreparednesslevelinthedistricttwiceayearandadvicecorrectivestepsin

caseofanyweakness.v) Arrangesufficientmedicalassistanceforpost‐disastermedicaltreatmentandcontrolof

contagiousdiseasesandensurestockofessentialmedicines.AlertandWarningstagea) Maintaincontactwithforecastingagenciesandgatherallpossibleinformationregarding

thealert.b) Ensure that all concerned in areas likely to be affected by imminent disaster receive

warningsignalsandrespondaccordingly.c) InformmembersofDistrictDisasterManagementAuthority.d) MaintaincontactwithSDMAandStateEOC.e) Instructallconcernedtoremaininreadinessforrespondingtotheemergency.f) Advice concerned officials to carry out evacuations where required, and to keep

transport,reliefandmedicalteamsreadytomovetotheaffectedareasatashortnotice.DuringDisastera) ConvenemeetingofDDMAonDisasterManagement.b) ConductRapidAssessmentandlaunchQuickResponse.c) Keep SDMA and State EOC informed of the situation and develop flash report for

assistanceandreporttoSDMAandotherrelevantstakeholders.d) Active the District Emergency Operating Centre (DEOC) as early as possible after a

disasteroccurs.e) MobilizeUC, village levelDMCommittees, PRCS, non‐governmental organizations and

voluntarysocial‐welfareinstitutionsforeffectiveresponse.Extremecaretoevacuateortakecareofthehighlyvulnerableandspeciallyexcludedgroups.

f) Provide shelter, food, drinkingwater and essential provision, healthcare and servicesestablishemergencycommunicationsystemintheaffectedarea.

g) Removedebris,conductsearchandcarryoutrescueoperations.Makearrangementsforthedisposaloftheunclaimeddeadbodies.

h) Demolishstructureswhichmaybehazardous topublicoraggravate theeffectsof thedisaster.

i) Takesuchotherstepsasmayberequiredorwarrantedtobetakeninsuchasituation.


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AfterDisastera) Organize initial and subsequent technical assessments of disaster affected areas and

determinetheextentoflossanddamageandvolumeandnatureofreliefrequired.b) KeeptheDistrictDisasterManagementAuthorityandtheSDMA/StateEOCinformedof

thesituation.c) Ensuresupplyoffood,drinkingwater,medicalsuppliesandotheremergencyitemstothe

affectedpopulation.d) RequestSDMAforassistanceiftheDistrictDisasterManagementCommitteedeemsthe

situationtobebeyondthecapacityofthedistricttomanage.e) Visitandcoordinatetheimplementofvariousreliefandrehabilitationprogrammes.f) CoordinatetheactivitiesofNGOsinreliefandrehabilitationprogrammes.g) Review the DDMA and Contingency Plans in light of lesson learn and improve the

responsemechanism.

5.2. DepartmentofAgricultureDistrictofficeoftheAgricultureDepartmentBagh,headedbyDeputyDirector(Ext.)has a role in assessment of damage to agricultural crops and impact of possiblefertilityloss.Theirmainroleistoprovideseedsandnecessaryplantingmaterialandotherinputstoassistinearlyrecovery.

BeforeDisaster

a) Undertakevulnerabilityandriskanalysis for foodandagriculturehazard‐proneareas,particularlyinrelationtofloods,droughts,anderosion.

b) Identifyareaslikelytobeaffectedbyanyanticipatedhazard.c) Arrange forkeepingstocksof seeds, fertilizers andpesticides.Create communityseed

banks at the Union Council level to support the small farmers with minimum seedsrequirements.

d) Ensuresustainablelivelihoodsinareasofrecurrentclimaterisks(i.e.,floodanddroughtprone areas)bypromoting supplementary incomegeneration fromoff‐farm andnon‐farmactivities;

e) Promote effective insurance and credit schemes to compensate for crop damage andlossestolivelihoodsduetonaturalhazards;

f) CoordinatewithDDMAandjointlyidentifyappropriateactionsforreducingvulnerabilityoffoodandagriculturetodisasterrisks;

g) Coordinate with DDMA, and research institutions to establish warning systems foridentificationofriskstofoodandagriculturesectors;

h) Developdisasterriskmanagementplantodealwithhazardsanddisasterswithrelationtodepartment’smandateandassets;

i) Promotecontingencycropplanningtodealwithyeartoyearclimatevariationsandcropdiversification including use of hazard resistant crops, to deal with shifts in climatepatterns;

j) Develop capacity and raise awareness of staff of departments at State levels, localextensionworkersandfarmersondisasterpreparednessforfoodandagriculturesectors;


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DuringDisaster

a) Assistinsavingcrops,agriculturallandandlivestockindisastersituation.b) Monitordamagetocropsandidentifystepsforearlyrecoveryc) Ensureadequateavailabilityoffoodstocksindisastersituation;d) Organizedistributionof seeds,seedlings fertilizersandagricultural inputs foraffected

farmingcommunity.

AfterDisaster

a) Quantifythelossanddamagewithinthequickestpossibletimeandfinalizesplanningofagriculturerehabilitation

b) Preparedetailreportofdamages/lossestoagriculturesector,assesstheneedandsubmitittoDDMAofficeforonwardtransmissiontoSDMA

c) Makeavailableinputslikeseedplant,fertilizersandagriculturalequipmenttovictimsofdisastersoncreditbasis;

d) Organizerationdepotsatlocationrequiredbythelocalauthorities;e) Restorationofflooddamagestoagriculturalfields,andlinkroadsduringemergencyf) Provisionof agriculturalmachinery to farmerson subsidized rates forharvesting and

threshingofwheatandpaddy.g) Ensure availability of adequate supply of seeds, seedlings, fertilizers, pesticides and

agriculturalimplementstotheaffectedfarmersh) Document the lesson learnt and revise the departmental contingency and DRR plan

accordingly

5.3. AnimalHusbandry(Livestock)DepartmentThelivestockplays very important economic,social and culturalfunctionsforruralhouseholdsinBagh.Livestockhelpsonfoodsupply,familynutrition,familyincome,asset savings, soil productivity, livelihoods, transport, agricultural traction,agricultural diversification and sustainable agricultural production, family andcommunityemployment,ritualpurposesandsocialstatus.

Impactsofdisastersarehighontheweakersectionsofthecommunity.ManyofthepoorarelandlessorsmallholdersinBagh.Thissectionlargelydependsonanimals,for livelihood. It is apparent that even though animals are the main source oflivelihoodtothepoorestofthepoorintheState,disastermanagementofanimalsdonot figure anywhere in preparedness, mitigation or rehabilitation. There is asignificantparticipationofwomeninconventionalanimalhusbandrysystemwherealarge array of indigenous breeds of domestic and semi‐domestic animals live inabsoluteharmonywithmanandnature;asituationthatcanpreventat leastsomedisasters.


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BeforeDisaster

a) Undertake vulnerability and risk analysis for food, livestock sectors in hazard‐proneareas,particularlyinrelationtodroughtsandlocust;

b) Promotecontingencyplanningtodealwithyeartoyearclimatevariationsandthattriggerandexacerbatedrought

c) Developdisasterriskmanagementplantodealwithhazardsanddisasterswithrelationtodepartment’smandateandassets;

d) CoordinatewithDDMAandjointlyidentifyappropriateactionsforreducingvulnerabilityandriskexposuretolivestock,

e) Coordinate with DDMA, and research institutions to establish warning systems foridentificationofriskstolivestocksector;

f) Develop capacity and raise awareness of staff of the department at all levels, localextensionworkersandfarmersondisasterpreparednessforlivestocksectors;

g) Ensuresustainablelivelihoodsinareasofrecurrentclimaterisks(i.e.floodanddroughtproneareas)bypromotingsupplementaryincomegenerationfromoff‐farm(e.g.animalhusbandry) and non‐farm activities; providemarket outlets for the products of ruralfarmers.

h) Provideearlywarninginformationtolivestockfarmersregardingdrought.i) Selectandearmarkhighlandsforuseasshelterforlivestockduringflashfloods.j) Prepare schemes for supplementary arrangements for rehabilitation of livestock and

recoupingtheirloss.k) Programmeforvaccinationforprotectionoflivestockagainstcontagiousdiseases.l) Takeupschemesforprocurementofanimalfeedonemergencybasisfordistributionin

theaffectedareas.m) Establishfodderbankschemesassecurityagainstfoddershortageforlivestockdueto

disastersinordertoensurefoddersecuritytotherurallivestockeconomyn) Provideveterinaryservicestothelivestockfarmers

DuringDisaster

a) During floods assist the response agencies for operations relating to the rescue andshiftingofstrandedlivestockandpoultry.

b) Duringfloodsarrangeforthequickvaccinationandtreatmentoflivestockandpoultryatshelterplaces(emergencyanimalvaccinesduringoutbreaksofanimaldiseases).

c) During prolonged droughts and in times of other extreme bad weather arrangeemergencyanimalfeedsforsustainabilityoflivestockpopulation.

AfterDisaster

a) DispatchVeterinaryTeamswithappropriate equipmentandmedicines to aidaffectedlivestock.

b) Establishemergencymedicalcampsc) Arrangearapidsurveytoassesstheloss.d) Arrangefordisposalofdeadbodiesofanimals.


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5.4. DistrictForest,WildlifeandFisheriesDepartmentForestsarean integralpartof the livelihoodsandecosystem inDistrictBagh.TheForestDepartmentisresponsibleforthedevelopmentandpromotionofforestandsoil conservation activities, watershed management, wildlife conservation andFisheries.Thedepartmenttakescareoftheprotectionoftheforest,wildlifeandtheaquaticresources.Forestdepartmentcanplaysignificantroleinmitigatingtheharshimpactofhazardslikelandsliding,flood,soilerosionetc.

BeforeDisaster

a) AggressiveenforcementofForest&EnvironmentalLawsb) EstablishalandslideManagementandinvestigationcellc) To develop a disaster risk management plan in line with the broad mandate of the

departmentandbuildthecapacityofdepartmentalstaffondisasterriskmanagement.d) Publishmaterialsforcommunitiesandotherstakeholdersaboutseasonalityofhazards

andrisksinareasofgrazingforpastureandwatere) Plantationandappropriateengineeringmeasurestomitigatethelandslidehazardatthe

identifiedlandslideaffectedareasintheState.f) Toprovidetechnicaladviceforrangelandplantingandthedevelopmentoftreenurseries

forforestationandreforestationprogrammesparticularlyinlandslidearea.g) Coordinate with relevant agencies to gather information about hazards and risks

prevalentinrangelandsthatmayleadtodesertificationandlandsliding.h) Supplyofdroughtresistantseedsoftreespeciestofarmersandcommunities.i) Controlgrazingofanimaltorangelandareasthathaveendangeredtreespeciesandmay

triggerlandsliding.j) Developrecreationalfacilitiesinasustainablemannerintherangelandareas.k) Ensureapollutionfreelivableenvironmentintheareasofmandate.l) Offerforestryeducationstoinstitutionsandschools.m) Managementoffisheriesresourcesn) ConservationoffishstockandDevelopmentoffisheriespotential

DuringDisaster

a) Immediately, start interacting with DDMA/DC office for coordinating emergencyresponseactivities.

b) CoordinateemergencyresponseactivitiesthroughDDMAandmakeresourcesavailabletoDDMAuponthereceiptofdisastersituationreports.

c) Makeavailableallthetechnicalandmaterialresourcestobemadepartofreliefefforts.d) Deputethefieldstaff/inspectorsduringfloodtolookuponthefloatinglogs.e) Helpotherrelevantdepartmentsinestablishingreliefcampsinsafeplaces.

AfterDisaster

a) Preparedetailreportofdamages/lossestoforestsector,assesstheneedandsubmitittoofficeoftheChiefConservatorForestandDDMAofficeforonwardtransmissiontoSDMA.


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b) Depute the field staff/ watchers at main points along the banks of river Jhelum andNeelumtomakecountandcontrolofwoodlogscamedownintheflood.

c) ConstituteaDisasterManagementUnit.

5.5. FoodDepartmentTheresponsibilityofthisdepartmentwastopurchaseanddistributecommoditiesonsubsidized rates in AJ&K and Northern Areas. Ministry of Kashmir Affairs wascontrolling authority. In 1976 the AJ&K Food Department was separated fromNorthern Areas and was established as independent department under the AJ&KGovernment.Atbeginning theFoodDepartmentwasalsoprovidingSugar,Salt,oiland other commodities.With the passage of timewhenPrivatemarket started toflourish and able to caters the need of the people of AJ&K, the Food Departmentreduceditselftoonlywheatandwheatflour.

Themainfunctionsinrelationtodisasterriskmanagementare:

BeforeDisaster

a) Timelyprocurementofwheatb) Properarrangementsforstorageofcommoditiesc) Timelyfooddumpinginvulnerableareasd) Qualitycontrolandpricecheck.e) Properinspectionofstoreditemstoavoiddeteriorationf) Monitoring of Flourmills regarding wheat grinding and to ensure standard quality of

wheatflour.g) Trainingofhumanresourceonwarehouseandhumanitariansupplychainmanagementh) Necessaryarrangementstoprotectperishableitemsinthewarehouses

DuringDisaster

a) Supervisionanddistributionofwheatandwheatflourthroughprescribeddealersb) Qualitycontrolandpricecheck.c) Specialarrangements for thedistributionofFoodcommoditiesduringemergencyand

naturalcalamities.d) Provisionofqualitywheatflourtotheaffectedpopulation.e) Maintainefficientsupplychainoffooditemstoavoidsecondaryhazardsf) Ensuresecurityandsafetyofthewarehouses

AfterDisaster

a) Rebuild/repairthedamagedstoragefacilitieslocatedindisasteraffectedareasb) Maintainsufficientinventoriesofrequiredfooditemsc) Stocktakingofentirewarehouseitem


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5.6. HealthDepartmentTheHealthdepartment isresponsibletoprovidehealthservicesanddealswithallmatters related to regulating the health sector in the light of health policies andprograms in the district. District Health Department has a responsibility in thereductionandpreventionofsufferingduringnaturalandman‐madedisasters,aswellasintheinvestigationandresponsetooutbreakofcommunicablediseases.

Themainfunctionsinrelationtodisasterriskmanagementare:

BeforeDisaster

d) Carry out and disseminate vulnerability and risk evaluation of the population healthrelatedissues;

e) Conducthazardbasedmappingofallhealthcarefacilitiesacrossthedistrict, includingvulnerabilityassessment(infrastructureandorganizationalsetup)andintegratehazardresiliencemeasures;

f) Toensurepre‐positioningofEmergencyHealthKitsandPersonnel.g) Developadiseasesurveillancesystemtoidentifyhotspotsforcommunicablediseasein

theDistrict;h) Establishandoperateanearlywarningsystemforhealththreatsbasedontheroutine

healthinformationandincollaborationwithotherdepartments.i) Enhancedisastermanagementcapacitiesofhealthworkforce(allcadresatalllevels)in

collaborationwithotherdistrictdepartments;j) Prepareprotocolsandguidelines toaddressallprioritypublichealth issuesaspartof

preparedness,responseandrecoveryplans;k) Integrate disaster preparedness and response capacities into all existing and future

healthprogramsatdistrictlevel;l) Buildeffectivelinkagesandcoordinationwithallhealthagencies/stakeholders;

Preparedness

a) Develop disaster riskmanagement plan to deal with communicable diseases, injuriesfollowing mass causality accidents, cross border firing and disasters with relation todepartment’smandateandassets;

b) Train volunteers on emergency preparedness programmes such as first aid andpreventivemeasureagainstdiseasesindisasterproneareasandinareasalongtheLoC.

c) AssesslikelyhealthimpactsandsharewithDisasterManagementandrelevantagenciesforplanningPurpose.

d) Prepare a list of medical and paramedical personnel in disaster prone areas anddisseminateittoconcernedadministrators.

e) CoordinatewithDDMAandjointlyidentifyappropriateactionsforreducingvulnerabilitytohealthrisks

f) Preparedisasterriskmanagementplanforeachlevelofhealthcarefacilities,includingmanagementofmasscasualties,epidemicsandsubmitthisplantotheDDMAforbettercoordinationofefforts;

g) ProvidetechnicalsupportinallhealthrelatedareastoDDMAs.


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h) Devicestrategiesforcommunityinvolvementinallaspectsofemergencypreparedness,responseandrecoveryplanswithregardstohealthsector;

i) Stand by arrangements tomeet anymedical needs during and after the incident andstockingofsufficientmedicinesinallhospitals/medicalcentres.

j) Establishmentoftemporaryteamtoprovidevaccinationandmedicationwhenrequired.

DuringDisasters

a) Establishemergencyhealthoperationtoensurebettercoordinationandmobilizationinemergency/disastersituationatalllevels;

b) MobilizemedicalteamsandparamedicalpersonneltogototheaffectedareasaspartoftheRapidAssessmentandQuickResponseTeams.

c) Providemedicalassistancetotheaffectedpopulationd) Receivecausalitiesandinjuredincaseofamajorincident.e) Providemobilemedicalservicesandambulanceservicewithmedicalfacilitiestoaffected

areas.f) Carryouttechnicalassessmentonhealthinfrastructureavailabilityandneedg) Set‐upmedicalcampsandmobilizeemergencyhealthteamsincludingmobileh) Arrangement of patients' beds and earmarking of patient wards to meet any

emergency/crisisneeds.i) Providebloodtransfusionfacilitiesandmotivatethepeopletodonateblood.

AfterDisaster

a) Startcarryingoutthedetaildamagesandlossesinthehealthsector.b) Regularandvigilanthealthrisksmonitoringisimmenselyimportanttodealwithpost‐

disasterdiseases/epidemics.c) Withavailableresources,startrepairingthedamagedhealthinfrastructureinorderto

caterhealthneedsof the affectedpopulationduring early recovery and rehabilitationstages.

d) It is important for the health officials to make sure that the drinking water is notcontaminated.Similarly,properdumpingofhospitalwasteisnecessarytobetakencareof.

e) Regularly monitor and supervise Early Recovery and Rehabilitation activities in theHealthsector.

5.7. CommunicationandWorks(C&W)DepartmentTheCommunication&Worksdepartmentplaysasignificantroleinthedevelopmentof District as it provides services in developing physical infrastructure like roads,bridgesandothermodesofcommunicationtosupportdevelopmentalactivities.TheofficeoftheDistrictExecutiveEngineerC&Wdepartmenthasanimportantrole inprovidingandrestoringcommunicationlinksduringdisasters.

Themainfunctionsinrelationtodisasterriskmanagementinclude:


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BeforeDisaster

a) Carryoutsurveyofconditionofallroadsnetwork/systemsatStatelevel.b) Developmodeldesignsofvariousfacilitiesandinfrastructure(bridges,roads)forsafer

constructioninhazard‐proneruralandurbanareas.c) Formulateguidelinesforsafeconstructionofpublicwork.d) Preparelist,withspecificationsandposition,ofheavyconstructionequipment,debris/

roadclearanceMachineryavailableintheDistrict.e) Ensurethatbuilders,contractorsandmasonsusesaferconstructionmethodsasperthe

internationalbestpractices;f) Allocatefundsforpromotingsaferconstructionpractices;g) Monitorconstructionofroadinfrastructureinhazardproneareasofdistricttoensure

thatsaferconstructiontechniquesarefollowed;h) Incorporatedisasterriskassessmentintheplanningprocessforconstructionofallroads

andbridges;i) Prepare a disaster risk management plan with relation to Department programs,

infrastructureandmandate.j) Organize periodic training of engineers and other construction personnel on disaster

resistantconstructiontechnologies.k) Instructallofficialsatconstructionsitestokeepmanpowerandmaterialspreparedfor

protectionandrepairofdamagedroadsite.l) Direct construction authorities and companies to preposition necessary, machinery,

workersandmaterials(search&rescuefacilities)inornearareaslikelytobeaffectedbydisaster.

DuringDisaster

a) Sendinformationtootherdistrictdepartmentsonroadconditionsespeciallyregardingblockedorimpassableroadsafteradisaster.

b) Ensuredrainingthefloodwaterfromroadsandremovedebrisfromunderthebridgesforsmoothflowofwater.

c) Monitor disaster situation (in case of flood and landslide) with regard to roads andcoordinatewithotherdistrictdepartmentsfortransportingreliefitemstoaffectedareas.

d) Organize immediate rehabilitationof roads andother infrastructure for restorationofpublictransportroutesafterdisaster.

e) Provide assistance to the damage assessment teams for survey of damage to roadsinfrastructure.

f) Takestepstocleardebrisandassistsearchandrescueteams.g) Collateanddisseminateinformationregardingoperationalandsaferoutesandalternate

routes,fuelavailabilityetc.topersonneloperatinginthefield.h) Launchrepairmissionsfordamagedcriticalinfrastructureandroutes.i) Takestepsforpromptremovalofuprootedtreesontheroads.

AfterDisaster

a) Undertake a detailed assessment of damages to government buildings, roadsinfrastructureincludingbridges,culverts,etc.


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b) Prepareareportofdamagestobesharedwiththedistrictandprovincialauthoritiesalongwith budget requirements for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of damaged /destroyedinfrastructure.

c) Takestepstoensurespeedyrepairandrestorationoftransportlinks.

5.8. PhysicalPlanningandHousing/PublicHealthPhysical Planning & Housing Sector comprises Buildings and Public HealthEngineering. PP&H is mandated to design, prepare and implement Public Sectorschemesbesidesdepositworks.ThedepartmentofPhysicalPlanningandHousinghas a vital role in provision andmaintenance of vital public infrastructure of thedistrict.Thedepartmentplaysanimportantroleindevelopingappropriatenationalbuilding codes andbyelawsand theirproper implementation. In thepostdisasterphase, the department will take adequate steps to undertake building damageassessmentandpromotereconstruction.

BeforeDisaster

a) Takeprecautionarystepsfortheprotectionofgovernmentpropertyagainstpossiblelossanddamageduringdisaster.

b) Undertakevulnerabilityandriskassessmentofdepartment'sassets,infrastructureandservices.

c) Formulateguidelinesforsafeconstructionofpublicworks.d) Prepare a disaster risk management plan with relation to Department programs,

infrastructureandmandate.e) Preparelist,withspecificationsandposition,ofheavyconstructionequipmentavailable

intheDistrict.f) Ensuretheimplementationofbuildingcodesforsaferconstructionofhouses,buildings

andinfrastructureinhazard‐proneareasformultiplehazards;e.g.earthquakes,floods,landslidesetc.

g) Ensurethatbuilders,contractorsandmasonsusesaferconstructionmethodsaspertheinternationalbestpractices;

h) Promotesaferconstructionpracticesandimplementationofdisasterriskmanagementactivitiesinrelationtoaccessofsafedrinkingwater;

i) Monitorconstructionofgovernmentbuildingsandinfrastructureinhazardproneareastoensurethatsaferconstructiontechniquesarefollowed;

j) Incorporate disaster risk assessment in the planning process for construction of newbuildings,roadsandbridges;

k) Retrofittingofallgovernmentbuildingspresentindistrictwhichdonotcomplywiththedisaster resilient construction techniques, including, residential and non‐residentialgovernmentbuildings,dakbungalowsandcircuithousesetc.

l) Improvementofseweragesystemandsanitaryconditionstocontrolfloodrisk.m) MaintainandupdaterecordsofallwatersupplyschemesusingManagementInformation

System(MIS).


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n) Coordinatewith SDMA /DDMAs and jointly identify appropriate actions for reducingvulnerabilityofinfrastructureandservices.

o) Organize periodic training of engineers and other construction personnel on disasterresistantconstructiontechnologies.

p) Instructallofficialsatconstructionsitestokeepmanpowerandmaterialspreparedforprotectionandrepairofpublicworks.

q) Direct construction authorities and companies to preposition necessary workers andmaterials(search&rescuefacilities)inornearareaslikelytobeaffectedbydisaster.

r) Identifyandplanforrehabilitationlocationsforthoselivingindisastervulnerableareas.s) Makeavailablepipedwater,inadequatequantity,fordrinkingandhouse‐holdpurposes.t) Preparetechnicaldesignformitigationofriskstothenewlyidentifiedschemes.u) Protection of water sources from contamination by continuous water treatment and

streampollutioncontrol

DuringDisaster

a) Conductdamageandlossassessmenttoinfrastructureandhousingsectors.b) Providesitesforrehabilitationofaffectedpopulation.c) Createaccessrouteforemergencyresponsefollowingmajordisastersd) Carryoutdetailedtechnicalassessmentofdamagetopublicworks.

AfterDisaster

a) Assistinconstructionoftemporaryshelters.b) Organizerepairsofbuildingsdamagedinthedisasterc) Preparedetailedprogrammesforrehabilitationofdamagedpublicworks.d) Arrangetechnicalassistanceandsupervisionforreconstructionworksasperrequest.

5.9. LocalGovt.&RuralDevelopmentDepartmentLGRD is one of themain departments in the District that has themandate to implementvulnerabilityreductionprojects toalleviatepovertyand improvepeople’s livelihoods.TheLocal Government and Rural Development (LG & RD) has access to communities at thegrassrootslevel.TheLG&RDhandlessmallscaleprojectsatthegroundlevelsuchaswatersupply,dugwells,sanitation,smallroadsandcommunityinfrastructure.

BeforeDisaster

a) Encouragedisasterresistanttechnologicalpracticesinbuildingsandinfrastructure.b) Developdisasterriskmanagementplan.c) Undertakevulnerabilityandriskanalysisforruralpopulations.d) CoordinatewithDDMAtobuildcommunityresiliencetodisaster.e) Undertake vulnerability analysis of local government infrastructure in hazard prone

areas.f) Orientdepartmentstaffinhazardproneareasondisasterriskassessment


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g) Encourage the people in earthquake prone areas to adopt earthquake resistanttechnologies.

h) Preparemapsshowingpopulationconcentrationanddistributionofresources.i) Report activities in periodic meetings of the District Disaster Management Authority

convenedbytheDeputyCommissioner.j) Onthebasisofitsdevelopmentalresponsibility,liaisewithotherlinedepartmentsand

agenciesforacoordinatedmitigationapproach.k) Alertallconcernedaboutimpendingdisaster.l) Ensuresafetyofestablishments,structuresandequipmentinthefieldm) Ensure formation of committee for rescue, relief and rehabilitation work and local

volunteerteam.n) Makeavailablepipedwater,inadequatequantity,fordrinkingandhouse‐holdpurposes.o) Preparetechnicaldesignformitigationofriskstothenewlyidentifiedschemes.p) Protection of water sources from contamination by continuous water treatment and

streampollutioncontrol

DuringDisaster

a) ActivateDisasterManagementFocalPoint.b) EnsureinformationflowfromaffectedareaandmaintainregularcontactwithStateand

districtEOC(24hrs).c) CoordinatetheresponseactivitiesofDistrictDisasterManagementAuthorities.d) Ensureavailabilityofdrinkingwaterattimesofneed.e) Providenecessaryinfrastructuretocarryoutreliefworks.f) Assessinitialdamageandquantifytheloss/damage.g) Organize reconstruction of damaged houses on self‐help basis with local assets and

materialsreceivedfromtheresponseorganizations.

AfterDisaster

a) Arrangerepairoflinkroads,watersuppliesandcleaningofcanals.b) Takeuprepair/reconstructionworkofinfrastructuredamagedbydisaster.c) Equipanddevelopthecapacitiesofemergencyresponse

5.10. DepartmentofEducationA very powerful correlation exists between the discipline of education and disastermanagementforattainingofgoalsaimedatbuildingtheresilienceofcommunities.

BeforeDisaster

a) ConductMHVRAforalleducationfacilitiesandidentifystructuralvulnerabilitiessuchashazardpronelocation,dilapidatedconditionandothersecondarythreatsthatmaycausedangertoeducationalfacilitiesinwakeofanydisaster.

b) Implement actions to reduce the vulnerability of infrastructure in education sector inhazard‐proneareas,e.g.retrofitting,renovation,rebuildingetc.;


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c) Ensurethatconstructionofalleducationalinstitutionsinearthquakezonesisearthquakeresistant

d) Arrange for trainingof teachers and students about the steps to be takenat differentstages of disaster and organize them, through coordination with SDMA/DDMAs, asvolunteersandinspirethemforrescue,evacuationandreliefworks.

e) Implement school, college and university level activities to enhance the awareness ofstudents and topromotepreparedness in educational institutions through conductingdrills,reducingvulnerabilityetc.;

f) Locate new schools, colleges, universities and other educational buildings located inhazard‐proneareastohigherstandardsofhazardresilience;

g) Provide safety measures and instructions on safe and friendly ways of using electricpower.

h) Developadisaster riskmanagementplan for theDepartment covering aspects of riskreduction, preparedness and response and curriculum development on disaster riskeducationinschoolsandlearninginstitutions;

i) Conductdrillsforvariousdisastersituationslikeearthquake,fire,terroristattacksetc.j) Encouragelocaleducationalauthoritiesandteacherstoprepareschooldisasterresponse

plansandtheirimplementation;

DuringDisaster

a) In the event of a disaster, education institutions and their buildings can be used asemergencyshelterandreliefcenterifnecessary.

b) Studentsandstaffcanprovidelocalvoluntaryassistancefordistributionofreliefmaterialandassistancetospecialneedypeopleinthelocality.

c) Provideprovisionalassistanceoneducationinperiodsofdisastertoensurethecontinuityoflearning

d) Determine the extent of loss in educational institutions and prepare plans for theirrehabilitation.

AfterDisaster

a) Undertakeadetailedassessmentofdamagescausedbydisastertoeducationalfacilitiesb) Capacity building activities including preparedness, trainings, drills awareness

campaigns and celebration of 8th October commemoration day in educationalinstitutionalbeensured.

5.11. DepartmentofCivilDefenceTheCivilDefenceisakeyentitytoassisttheDDMAindisastermanagementandDRRrelatedactivities.:

BeforeDisaster

a) StandardizeandspecifyCivilDefenceequipmentandfireappliances forFireBrigades,industriesandotherinstitutions;


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b) Provide First Aid, fire safety and rescue training to communities, individuals andorganizations;

c) Improvecommunityawarenessonpublicsafety;d) Recruit/inductoperationalstaffforsearchandrescue;e) Enhancecapacityoftheexistingurbansearchandrescueteams;f) Organizevolunteers,traintheminrescueandreliefandfirstaidg) Ensuretheprovisionoftrainedrescueworkers/RazakarsandFirstAidstaff;h) Educate and train volunteers on first aid and emergency evacuations and protection

procedures against poisonous gases, chemical/biological/radiological explosions orattack;

i) Participateinemergencydrillswithotherstakeholders;j) Specify, coordinate and enforce Fire Protection measures in urban and commercial

concernsandinotherpremisesconsideredcritical.k) OrganizeWarden Service in classified towns and train its volunteers for civil defence

services.l) InspectMunicipalFireBrigadeandfireprotectionmeasuresinindustrial/commercial.

DuringDisaster

a) Searchandrescueactivitiesb) Firstaidandpsychosocialsupporttoinjuredandtraumatizedc) Evacuationofdamagedbuildings/structuresanddemolitiond) Emergencyfirstaidandtransport;e) Assistindebrisclearanceandrestorationofessentialservices;f) Identificationanddiffusionofunexplodedbombs;g) Provideemergencyrescueequipment.h) WorkwiththeFireBrigadeinrescueandfirstaidoperationsi) LiaisewiththearmedforcesonmattersrelatingtoCivilDefence

AfterDisaster

a) Provideassistance,renderadviceandimparttraininginbombdetectionanddisposalb) Assistinreliefandcampmanagementc) Securityandmanagementofreliefstores,warehousesanddistributiond) Trainingof otherorganizations like police etc. in rescue, relief, first aid, psycho social

support

5.12. EmergencyServiceRescue1122AJKEmergencyServicesknownasRescue1122isestablishedinAJKwiththeaimtomaintainastateofpreparednesstodealwithemergenciesandprovidetimelyresponse,rescueandemergencymedicaltreatmenttothevictims.AlthoughRescue1122emergencyserviceisnotyetavailableindistrictBaghbutisexpectedtobeestablishinnearfuture.TheRescue1122uponitsinceptionindistrictBaghwillperformfollowingfunctions.


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BeforeDisaster

a) Maintainastateofpreparednesstodealwithemergencies.b) Establishasystemforrapidcommunication,exchangeofinformationandquickresponse

tocombatordealwithanemergency.c) Arrangeforauniversaltollfreeemergencydial‐innumbertobeusedthroughoutDistrict.

Establish community emergency response teams through enlistment, training,coordinationandsupervisionofvolunteerstoassisttheServiceinsafetypromotionandmanagementofemergencies.

d) Imparttrainingandgrantcertificatestorescuers,volunteersandotherprivatepersonsfordueperformanceofemergencymanagementduties.

e) Establish direct contact with local and international organizations and traininginstitutionstomaintaintheServiceaccordingtointernationalstandards.

f) Playaleadroleandcoordinatetheworkingofotherorganizationsoragencieswhichhavelawfulauthoritytorespondtoanemergency.Toregisterandensureminimumstandardsand code of conduct to be followed by rescue vehicles, ambulances and patienttransportationservices.

g) Toestablishandmaintainwelltrainedandequippedwaterrescueteamsh) ToperformsuchotherfunctionsasmaybeassignedtoitbytheEmergencyServiceto

achievethepurposeofAJKEmergencyServiceOrdinance2014.

DuringEmergency/Disaster

a) Arrange transport where necessary for carrying persons require emergency medicaltreatment from theemergency area to thenearesthospital orhealth careunithavingarrangementsforemergencymedicalcareandtreatment.

b) Searchandrescueactivitiesc) Firstaidandpsychosocialsupporttoinjuredandtraumatizedd) Evacuationofdamagedbuildings/structuresanddemolitione) Emergencyfirstaidandtransport;f) Assistindebrisclearanceandrestorationofessentialservices;g) Identificationanddiffusionofunexplodedbombs;h) Provideemergencyrescueequipment.

AfterDisaster

a) Collect,compile,maintainandanalyzeemergencyresponsedataandstatisticsrelatingtoemergenciesandtouseitforresearchandpreventionofsuchemergencies.

b) Suggestmeasuresforthepreventionormitigationofhazardsendangeringpublicsafetyonroads,publicparksandotherpublicplaceswithregardtopublicsafetyprovisions

c) Encourage,facilitateandtrainstaffofnon‐governmentalorganizationsandeducationalinstitutionsforemergencymanagement.


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5.13. HomeDepartment/PoliceThis is one of the main departments to provide support to the disaster managementorganizationsindealingwithdisastersituation.TheroleofPoliceisverycrucialintermsofpublicsafetyandsecurityindailylifeandintimesofemergenciesanddisastersituation.FollowingaretheoverallRolesandResponsibilitiesofthePoliceDepartment:

BeforeDisaster

a) Identifythe'HighRisk'and'Risk'areasfordifferentdisastersandinstructtheexistingpolice installations located in those areas for keeping themselves in readiness forundertakingemergencyrescue,evacuationreliefoperations.

b) Coordinate the wireless frequency of Police with the wireless network of otherdepartments.

c) EstablishtheDisasterControlRoomatDistrictlevel.d) Maintaincommunicationswiththepoliceinstallationsintheareaslikelytobeaffectedby

disaster.e) Instructallconcernedtoaccordprioritytodisasterrelatedwirelessmessagesifrequired

byappropriateofficials.f) To effectivelymonitor law and order and any crisis situation in the State and ensure

efficient,coordinatedandtimelyresponseatappropriatelevelsg) Ensurelawandorderduringanydisastersituationintheaffectedareas.h) Aid and cooperate with other agencies for the prevention of destruction of public

propertybyviolence,fireornaturalcalamities.i) Toensuresmoothandspeedyflowofinformationbycollecting,analyzing,processingand

disseminatinginformationtoallconcerned.j) Everyyearbeforetheadventofmonsoonseasonprepareoperationsplaninconsultation

withSDMA/DDMAs.k) Repairandreplacedamaged/defectiveequipmenttoensurecompletepreparedness.l) ImparttrainingtothemembersofPoliceForceinfirstaid,evacuation,rescueandrelief

operations.m) Trainvolunteersfromamongcitizens,voluntaryorganizationsn) Arrange drills for fire extinguishing, rescue, evacuation and transportation of injured

persons and prepare coordinated Action Plans in cooperation with concerned localagencies.

DuringDisaster

a) On receipt of directives from the DDMA for evacuation ‐ organize personnel andequipmentforevacuationandundertakeevacuationoperations

b) Providenecessaryhelp inevacuationofcausalities fromtheaffectedareaandarrangetrafficcover.

c) Carryoutsearch&rescueoperations.d) Setupemergencyevacuationshelters,andtransportaffectedpeopletotheshelterse) Carryoutfirefightingoperationsf) Providereflectivelights/reflectorsaroundthesceneofincidentatnight,tofacilitatethe

workingofrescueworkers,fire‐fightersandtoindicatethetroubledarea.


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g) Provideassistancetovictimsofroadaccidentsh) Preventharassmentofwomenandchildrenduringanyemergency.i) Ensuresecuritymeasuresatevacuationpoints,inevacuatedareas,atreliefcentresand

godowns.j) Protect resources and equipment required and being used at the scene of incidence

/rescue.k) Ensureeasyaccessforemergencyrescuevehiclestodisastersites.l) Arrangesufficientspaceforthedeploymentofemergencyvehiclesbymanagingtraffic

signals.

AfterDisaster

a) Maintainlawandorder,especiallyduringreliefdistribution.b) Protectlife,propertyandlibertyofcitizens.c) Preserveandpromotepublicpeace.d) Preventpublicnuisance.e) Keepclosewatchforanycriminalandanti‐stateactivityinthearea.f) Arrangesecurityofgovernmentpropertyandinstallationsdamagedinadisaster.g) Participateindamageandneedassessment.h) Coordinatewithotherofficesfortrafficmanagementinandarounddamagedareas.i) Assistthelocaladministrationinputtingastoptotheftandmisuseinreliefoperation.

5.14. Media&InformationThemost critical role ofMedia is broadcasting / disseminatingwarnings to communitiesbefore a disaster occurs. It also has to play a major role in education and awarenessprogrammesforbetterorganizedpreparednessandresponseatgovernmentandcommunitylevels.Otherfunctionsinrelationtodisasterriskmanagementmayinclude:

BeforeDisaster

a) Develop the understanding of Disaster Management concepts, issues and policies fornecessaryactionbymassmediaonreportingdisasters.

b) Launch information programme for quick dissemination of disaster warnings toappropriateagenciesandcommunitygroups.

c) Provideinformationtocommunitiesaboutprecautionarymeasurestheycantaketoavoidlossoflifeandpropertyfromhazards.

d) Informthepublicwithtimelyandfactualinformationabouttheextentofdisaster,lossescausedandthecurrentsituationofhazard.

e) Informcommunitiesaboutanyimpedinghazardanddisseminateearly

DuringDisaster

a) Disseminatewarningmessagestoat‐riskcommunitiesinaneasytounderstandlanguagethroughmultiplechannels,whilebeingsensitivetopeople'saccessandtimingissues.


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b) Ensurethat thenewstobebroadcastedreflects thetrueandclearpresentationof theactualpositionanddoesnotcreatepanicinthemindsofthepeopleandalsoadvisesthemtodesistfromtakingunreasonablesteps.

c) Advicepublicaboutmeasures tobeadoptedduring theemergencyperiod inorder toavoidfurtherlosses;e.g.evacuation,unsafeareas,waterpurificationtechniques.

d) Informaboutactionsbeingtakenbyauthorities’/aidgroupstosavelivesandproperty.e) Relay messages concerning welfare of isolated or trapped groups for the benefit of

families,relatives,friendsandrescueteamsf) Facilitatecommunicationamongaffectedpeopleandtheirrelatives,friends,familiesin

otherpartsofthecountryorworld.g) Highlightneedsofsurvivorstomakesurethatallgroupsofpeopleaffectedbythedisaster

receiveappropriateaid,irrespectiveoftheirsocial,ethnic,politicalstatus.h) Highlighttheneedforapplicationofminimumstandardstoensurethatminimumneeds

ofdisastersurvivorsintermsofwater,sanitation,shelter,foodandhealtharemet.

AfterDisaster

a) Communicateaboutpotentialsecondaryriskstominimizefurtherlossordamageb) Communicateaboutrehabilitationandreconstructionplansofauthorities,UNandNGOs,

othersintheaffectedareas.c) Encourage survivors' participation in recovery through conducting surveys and

communicatingtheopinionsofpublictoauthorities.d) Take steps for publicity of news anddirectives relating to the situation issuedby the

SDMA/DDMAs.e) Curtailnormalprogrammestobroadcastessentialinformationondisasterifrequested

bytheSDMA.f) Arrangevisittotheaffectedareabythelocalandnationaljournalistsintheinterestof

publicationofaccurateandtruereportinthenews.g) Arrangedisseminationofinformationoftheshortandlongtermmeasuresofdifferent

ministries,Departments/Agenciesforreliefandrehabilitationoftheaffectedpeople.h) Influenceforintegratingriskreductioninrehabilitationandreconstructionprogrammes

5.15. SocialWelfareDepartmentSocialWelfareDepartmentisavitalandpivotalsub‐sectoroftheNationalDevelopment.Itmotivates voluntary efforts on the basis of self‐help andmobilization of both human andmaterial resources to supplement and coordinate governmental efforts and acceleratesdevelopmentandrelief/voluntarysocialprogrammes.Welfareactivitiesarethemostneededthingindeprived,poorandneglectedcommunities/sectionsofoursocietywherefinancialandtechnicalresourcesarescant.Thefunctionsinrelationtodisasterriskmanagementinclude:

BeforeDisaster

a) Creationofspecialawarenessbymotivationalmethodsb) ProfessionalandfinancialassistancetoregisteredvoluntarySocialWelfareagencies


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c) Socio‐economicdevelopmentofpeopleespeciallyvulnerablegroupsd) TrainingandRehabilitationoftheunder‐privilegedandneglectedsectionsofsocietysuch

asorphans,widowsanddestituteetce) Training andRehabilitationof peoplewithphysical ormental disabilities and chronic

diseasesf) Eradicationofsocialevilsg) Promoteandsupportvolunteerisminsocietyh) Provisionofopportunitiesandtrainingtopoor’sinurbanandruralareastohelpthem

standontheirownfeeti) Co‐ordination with Local Government and Rural Development Department for social

welfareorientedschemesoutofitsfundsDuringDisaster

a) Reliefandrescueservicesduringcalamitiesandnationalemergencyb) Eradicationofsocialevilsc) Psycho‐socialsupporttoaffectedpeopled) Engagevolunteergroupsforrescueandreliefactivities

AfterDisaster

a) Psycho‐socialsupporttoaffectedpeople

5.16. WomenDevelopmentDepartmentThe department has an important role in disaster management as women are morevulnerabletodisastersduetotheirsocio‐culturalstatus.Thedepartmentwill takespecialstepstoreducevulnerabilityofwomenindisasterproneareasinDistrict.Themainmissionofthedepartmentistoeliminategenderdiscriminationagainstwomen,helpwomenachieveequalstatustothatofmeninallwalksoflife.Thedepartmentwillalsoarrangeforprotectionof manpower and organize special camps for the disabled, widows, children and othervulnerable groups. It will also provide necessary help and assistance for socio‐economicrehabilitation.Thefunctionsinrelationtodisasterriskmanagementinclude:

BeforeDisaster

a) Sensitizationofdisastermanagersrelatedtogenderissuesindisastermanagement.b) Prepare special projects for socio economic uplifting ofwomen towards disaster risk

reduction.c) Makenecessaryarrangementsforinvolvementofwomenindisasterriskmanagementat

districtleveld) Organizehealthcampsforregularmedicalcheckupsofwomenandaidtotheneedy.e) Assistinprovisionofdrinkingwaterfacilitiesnearsettlements.f) Organizetrainingprogramsforwomentocopewithdisastersituations.


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DuringDisaster

a) InvolvetheHealthMinistryincateringtospecialhealthneedsofwomen.b) Establish relief camps for women and ensure fulfillment of basic needs of women in

generalreliefcamps.c) Totakestepsforsafetyofwomenandgirlsindisasteraffectedareas.

AfterDisaster

a) Ensurethatneedsofwomensurvivorsareaddressedinpostdisastersituationsduringthereliefrehabilitationandreconstructionphases

b) Preparespecialprogrammesfortherehabilitationofwomen.c) Ensureseparatesanitationfacilitiesforwomeninreliefcamps.d) Introducespecialvocationaltrainingprogramsforwomen.e) Facilitate participation of women in the management of relief, rehabilitation and

reconstructionactivities.f) Supportpost‐disasterrehabilitationoflivelihoodsofwomensurvivors,whichismostly

intheinformalsectorandisignoredmanytimes.

5.17. SpecialCommunicationsOrganization(SCO)Mainly SCO is involved in providing IT and Telecom facilities in Azad Jammu&KashmirincludingDistrictBagh.TheSCOcanplayanimportantroleinprovidingcommunicationlinksduringdisasters.ThefunctionsofSCOinrelationtodisasterriskmanagementinclude;

BeforeDisaster

a) Take steps to ensure power back up for communication systems during possibleemergencysituations.

b) Take proper and adequate security steps for the protection of own installations andproperties.

c) ProvidesupporttotheDistrictDisasterManagementAuthorityandensureunsuspendedlinkswithSDMA.

d) Deliverearlywarninginformationtotheagenciesandcommunitiesrequiringthem.

DuringDisaster

a) Ensuretooperatecommunicationsystemsroundtheclock(24hours).b) Onrequest,provideadditionalcommunicationlinesforemergencycommunication.c) Onrequest,establishcommunicationlinksintheaffectedareas.d) Providemeasuresforsatelliteandotherwirelesscommunicationfromtheareaaffected

bydisasterandareoutofcellularcoverage.e) Providemobilecommunication facilities to theRapidAssessmentandQuickResponse

Teamsintheremoteareas.f) Assess damage to telecommunication infrastructure and immediately take steps to

restoreit.


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AfterDisaster

a) Takestepstofullyrestoreandrehabilitateanydamagedcommunicationinfrastructure.(SoPs for such damage assessments and restoration of communication networks arealreadyinplacebySCO)

5.18. PakistanArmyThe Pak Army has an important role of providing search and rescue assistance, security,logistics,andifnecessary,assistanceindistributionofreliefitemsandprovisionofequipmentforemergencyresponse.Armycanprovidetrainedpersonnelwithspecializedskillssuchasinroadanddebrisclearancemachinery,communicationtechnologyforplacementinisolatedareas,andcanprovidespecializedtransportationsystems.In relation to disaster risk management Pak Army can assist the DDMA by carrying outfollowingfunctions;

BeforeDisaster

a) PrepareoperationalPlanforprovidingtheassistanceduringdisaster.b) EstablishtheDisasterControlRoom.c) Issuecautionaryinstructionstoallconcerned.d) Organizetaskforcesforworkingofdisastercontrolunits.Eachunitshouldbecomposed

of,engineers,doctorswithmedicinesandnursingassistants.e) Earmarkareservetaskforce,ifneeded.

DuringDisaster

a) Sendtaskforcestodisasteraffectedareas.b) AssistDDMAinsearch&rescueoperationwhereneeded.c) Movetaskforcestotheconvenientpositions,ifneeded.d) Evacuatepeopletothesaferareasandevacuationcentres.e) Install temporarybridgeswhereappropriatetoensuremobilityofaffectedpopulation

andtransportationofreliefitems.f) Providelogisticback‐uptoDDMAintermsoftrucks,boats,Helicoptersetc.ifneededg) Distributeemergencyreliefmaterialtotheaffectedpeople.

AfterDisaster

a) Conductsurveyinaffectedareasandassessrequirementsofreliefandrehabilitation.b) Assistlocaladministrationinremovingthedeadbodiesanddebrisinaffectedareas.c) Setupfieldhospitalifrequired.d) Provideassistanceinreconstruction/repairofroadandbridgeswhereneeded.e) Participateinreconstructionandrehabilitationoperationifrequested.


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5.19. PakistanRedCrescentSocietyThePakistanRedCrescentSocietyAJKplaysavitalroleinelevatingthesufferingofaffectedpeopleacrosstheState.Thesocietyworksasanauxiliarytothegovernmenttoamelioratethesufferingofthemostvulnerablepeopleindistress.ThePRCSAJKbranchcanassisttheDDMAincrises,emergenciesanddisastersbutdonotreplacetheirresponsibilities.

BeforeDisaster

a) ConductMHVRAinclosecoordinationwithDDMAaccordingtothestandardprocedure.b) DevelopdisastermanagementplanatalllevelandsharewithDDMAforcoordinationand

implementation.c) Provide all necessary trainings, conduct drills/ exercises and provide necessary

equipmenttoDRRcommitteeswithclosecoordinationofDDMA.

DuringDisaster

a) Conductrapidneedassessmentindevisingtheresponsestrategy.b) Providesambulanceandsearchandrescueservice.c) Assist DDMA in establishing relief/evacuation camps, food distribution to displaced

persons,providinghealthservices.d) Establish information management center at evacuation/relief camps with close

coordinationofDDMA.AfterDisaster

a) Mobilizedisasteraffectedcommunitiesforearlyrecoveryandrehabilitationefforts.b) WiththesupportofDRRcommitteesconductdamageneedassessmentandincorporate

itInDDMAsdata.c) Preparevillagelevelearlyrecovery/rehabilitationplansandmobilizeresourcesfortheir

implementation.d) Workoncommunitybaseddisasterriskmanagementplan.

5.20. CommunityBasedOrganizationsInorder to promote community level disaster riskmanagement activities, the capacityofexisting community organizations needs to be strengthened. CBO numbers will also beincreased where necessary. CBOs should be trained in local early warning systems,evacuation,firstaid,searchandrescueandbasicfirefighting.Linkagesshouldbedevelopedbetween CBOs and relevant local agencies. The capacity of CBO leadership will also bedevelopedinfinancialmanagement,planningresourcemobilizationandnegotiationskills.


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Chapter6: StandardOperatingProceduresforEmergencyResponse

6.1. EstablishmentandFunctioningofDistrictEmergencyOperationsCentre

District Emergency Operation Centre (DEOC) plays a vital role during any emergencyoperation. Itcoordinatesthe flowof informationwithrespect toactivitiesassociatedwithreliefoperations.DEOCworksasacenterfordecision‐makingandhelpflowofinformationhorizontally and vertically to and from the respected departments for smoother reliefoperations.Intheeventofadisaster,theDDMAshallactivatetheDEOCandtakeoperationalleadforthedistrictresponse.TheDEOCwillactasastateoftheartresourcecenterspeciallydesignatedcentralizedfacilitywhereofficialsmeettwenty‐fourhoursadaytorespondtodisasterandcontroltherecoveryeffortsinsupportoffieldoperations.Itwillbephysicallylocatedwithinthe premises of the DC office and will be looked after by the DDMA under the directsupervisionoftheDeputyCommissioner.During the normal times, DEOC will maintains a systematic database of the resourcesavailable,importantphonenumbers,nameandaddressesofimportantgovernmentandnon‐government officials, international bodies, NGOs, CBOs VOs and other Civil SocietiesOrganizations.

FunctionsofDistrictEmergencyOperationCenter(DEOC)

Emergencyresponseproceduresareaseriesofactionstakenondifferentlevelsbydifferentagenciesondifferentoccasionsthoseactasalifelineatthetimeofadisaster.InthepredisasterscenariotheDEOCwillberesponsibleforgatheringandmanagingdatafromdifferentaspects.Thisinformationshouldalsobesharedbyallotherrelevantagenciesontheregularbasis.The importanceof theDEOCsduringandafter thedisastercanbeofprimeimportance.AlltheinformationatthehightimeofdisastercanbeachievedfromtheseDEOCcenterswithinnotimeoverwhichwillbasetheestimationsofcasualtiesanddamages.In post disaster scenario DEOC will again play a pivot role in the relief and even inrehabilitationprocedureofthedistrict.Theinformationwillalsobeofagreathelpforthenationalandinternationaldonorsduringandafterthedisaster.DEOCshallperforminpredisasterscenario:

Collectinformationofallthevulnerableareasinitsjurisdiction. Monitoremergencyoperationsandevaluateemergingsecondarythreats Coordinationforpreparation,mitigationandresponsewithallthedistrictlevel

stakeholders Conductthesurveyofvulnerableareasonregularbasisandanysortofvariation

orchangeshouldbeupgradedaccordingly.


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Keeptheirrecordactivelyaccessiblefortherelevanthigherofficialsofthedistrictandthestatelevel.

Coordinateothertehsilandtownofficialsforotherawarenessprogrammes. Communicatethedatabasewithallpolicy‐makingbodiesonregularbasis. Sharetheinformationwiththemediaandresidentsondemand.

DEOCshallperformduringandinpostdisasterscenario:

Receiveandcommunicatedisasteralertstocommunity. Monitoremergencyoperation. Ensurethatthegovernmentandthecommunitiesarealertandawareofevolving

situation. Carryingoutassessmentofdamageandneedsindisasterproneareas. Maintainandacquirerecordsinpictorialandinwrittenforms. Pointingandindicatingemergencymedicalneedsandreliefs. Coordinateonspotsituationswithtehsil,districtandstateleveloffices. Deliverfactsandfigurestothegeneralpublicandmedia.

NeedsofaDEOC

DEOCshouldbewellequippedwiththelatestgadgetsandequipment’sofcommunication.ACentraloperationareapreferablyinthepremisesofDDMA/DCofficewithfollowingdistribution/facilitiesforsmoothfunctioningofemergencyoperationcenters

a) PlanningAreab) Workstationsforliaisonpersonnel/committeeroomc) Displayboardstoallowforthedisplayofcurrentinformationd) Effectivecommunicatione) Emergencypowersupplyf) Conference/mediaroomg) Restareah) Kitcheni) Anappropriatelevelofsecurity

For effective and efficient response, the DEOC should be fully equipped with thecommunicationgadgetsinclude:

a) Satellitephonesb) PhoneUnitsconnectedtoWANc) HotlinecommunicationlinewithNational/provincialEOCsd) Wireless/VHFcentralunite) Handsets(walkie‐talkie)f) Televisionsetg) H.FRadioSet


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h) Video conference unit (to be compatible with NEOC/PEOC video conferencingnetwork

i) Inverterforpowerbackupj) PortableGeneratorsetk) OverheadProjector/LCDPanel/ProjectScreenl) GPSUnit(HandHeld)m) Camerabothstillandmovie.n) Desktopwithattachedprinter,Scanner,(Multiutilitymachine)

CommunicationNetworkofDEOC

TheDEOCofDistrictBaghmustbedirectlyconnectedwithNEOCatNational,SEOCatStateLevelandDEOCsinallotherdistrictsofAJK.Downatthedistrictlevel,DEOCwillfurtherconnectedtotheTehsil/Town/UCleveldisastermanagementset‐upforquickaccesstoinformationanddevisingresponseaccordingly.

DEOCwillfunctionon24x7basisandwillbefunctionalroundtheyear.

OperationalStaffStructure

Duringpeacetime,theDEOCshallfunctionwiththeminimalstaffing,however,incaseofimpendingthreatorshortlyafterthedisasterhasstruckthestructuremayexpandto have representation of other departments as well. The proposed structure indisastersituationisassunder;

CoordinatorDEOC

To Coordinate and manage emergency operations in accordance with StandingOperatingProcedures(SOPs)alreadysetfordifferentstagesofdisastersunderthedirectionofDeputyCommissionerconcerned.

Administrative,LogisticsandSecurityofficial(ALSO)

TheAdministrative,LogisticsandSecurityOfficialwillberesponsibleforeffectiveandsmoothfunctioningoftheDEOCinadministrationandprocurementrelatedmatters.He will also responsible to manage the organize/facilitatemeetings, seminar andworkshops.Tolookaftertheadministrativerelatedissuese.g.vehiclecontrol,fieldvisitsetc.willalsobetheimportantcomponentofhisduties.

MediaFocalPerson

A media focal person must be designated by chairman DDMA who will devisecommunication strategy for themedia andpublic.He/Shewill provide support to


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coordinator DEOC and Chairman DDMA in organizing media briefings, holdingconferences/pressreleases,maintainingcontactswithmediapersonsetc.

DEOCAssistant

Responsible for data entry, functioning and maintenance of all the equipment for ensuring smooth and effective information flow.

Assist the DEOC Coordinator in coordination, planning and logistics.

ActivationProcedureforDEOC

An efficient system of command and control is an essential pre‐requisite to thesuccessfulcoordinationofresourcesinemergencyresponseoperations.Operationsarebasedonthree(3)phases:ALERT,ACTIVATION,STANDDOWN.

Phase ActionOnReceiptofAlert(Standby‐

stage1)

- DEOCmanagementreceivesinformation–onpotentialthreatfrom an early warning center/SDMA/Tehsil/town/UCadministration

- DEOC management advises the Chairman DDMA to seekalerts/activationapproval

- Upontheapprovalofalertphase,DEOCmanagementinformsrelevant Primary and Support Departments/Agencies atdistrictandbelowdistrictlevel.

- ManagementputsDEOConAlertifwarranted- PuteverythingreadyandfunctionalinDEOC- Coordinatewithkeydepartmentsandotherstakeholdersand

updatethoseaboutthesituation.- CloselycoordinateandconsultwithSEOC

OnReceiptofWarning(stage2)

Activation

- NotificationforfullactivationoftheDEOC- PlaceDEOCfullyoperationalat24/7basis- The chairpersonDDMAwill inform concerneddepartments,

SEOC, humanitarian organization, UN, I/NGSs, and Mediaregardingthepotentialuntowardevent

- DDMA management activates appropriate responsemechanism

- Levelofresponsetobeproportionaltothehazard

StandDownProcedure

(stage3)

- After reviewing situation and consultationwith tehsil/townand UCs administration Coordinator DEOC will debriefchairpersonDDMAaboutstanddown.


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- ChairpersonDDMAwillapproveitandissuesnotification.- Chairperson disseminates notification to the relevant

departmentandotherstakeholders.- Finalreportontheemergencyoperationswillbecirculatedto

keystakeholders- InformSEOCforstanddown- Primary and Support Agency personnel are debriefed and

completefinaltasks- Finalreportscompletedanddistributedbyvariousagenciesin

accordancewithrelevantStandardOperatingProcedures- Evaluationofresponse

ItwillbeatthediscretionoftheChairpersonDDMAtoactivatetheappropriateactionastheconditionsandresourcesmaydictate.OperationalizationofDEOCIncaseoffullactivationofDEOC,personinchargeofDEOCwillberesponsibletofullyequiptheDEOCandprovideallfacilitiestotherepresentativeofdepartmentswhowillbepresentinDEOCduringdisastertime.Stockofemergencyfood,officesupplies,satellitephonesets,generator,logsstatusboards,mapsandmaterialandnecessaryequipmentmustbeavailable.Itistobeensuredthatbriefingroomisequippedwithallmaps,screensandmultimediaprojectorsandothernecessarymaterial.

6.2. SimulationsandDrillsResponsibilityfororganizingdrillsPeriodicallytheDDMAwillplanexerciseordrillsonvariousscenariostoassesstheprocedure in this document and those form contingency plan for district anddepartments.Agenciesanddepartmentshallalsoconductdrillsbasedonthehazardscenarios,sectoralresponseplans.Thefollowingareproposedtabletopexercisesthatcanbeundertakenindrills. AmajorearthquakeinDistrictBagh(Areatobeidentified) Amajorfloodingcausedbymonsoondepression ALandslideincident

SchedulesforOrganizingdrillsThereshouldbeatleastone/twodrillsinayearleadbyDDMAwhichshallcombinesandcoordinatethesectoralandcontingencyresponseregions.LessonlearnedfromthedrillsandthosefromthepastdisastersshouldbeincorporatedintothisDMPlanasappropriate.Eachdepartmentmayorganize their sectoraldrills at realistic and


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convenientschedules.Itisfurthersuggestedthatsimulationorganizedontheireveofcommemorationdayof8thOctoberEarthquakewillleavebetterimpact.ResourcesfororganizingdrillsTheDDMAistocontributepartlytotheexercisesordrills.EachparticipatingagencyisadvisedtosetasidefundsforsectoralorcontingencyexercisesbothforcoordinatedDDMAdrillsandindividualdepartmentdrills.


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Chapter7: StrategiesandPoliciesThis section gives comprehensive district policies and strategies for disaster riskmanagement to be accomplished during forthcoming years in District Bagh. Thedistrictpoliciesandstrategiesare long‐termorientations toestablishefficientandeffectivedisastermanagementsystems.Duringthepre‐disasterstage,theDDMAisexpectedtoundertakeselectedmitigationactivitiestomakeitreadyfortheonsetofanydisaster.Theappropriateactivities tobeundertakenduringandpostdisastertimearealsoillustrated.Inthisinstance,activitiesaresuggestedtobeaccomplishedon short term and long term time frame. The strategies and priority activitiesproposedintheplaninhandarealignedwithNDMP2012‐2022andNDRMF.

7.1. DistrictDisasterManagementPoliciesandStrategiesThefollowingdistrictdisastermanagementpoliciesareidentifiedtoestablishamoreefficient disaster management system in district Bagh. The strategies shall beimplemented through the various actions shown in the table at the end of eachpriorityarea.

7.1.1 StrategicPriorityArea1‐Strengtheningthedistrictlevelinstitutionalandlegalsystemfordisastermanagement

Oneof thepriorityareas indisasterriskmanagement is the institutionaland legalarrangements,whichare intendedtoestablishtheadministrativebasefordisastermanagement.Section13,14and15ofAJKDisasterManagementAct2008regulatesdisaster management organization at districts levels and defines the roles andresponsibilitiesofDDMAs.AlthoughStateDisasterManagementAuthority(SDMA)atState level has been established and being strengthen but still at the district, theinstitutionalsetupofdisastermanagementneedstobecompletelyfunctionalizedanddedicatedstafftobeprovidedtoworkfordisasterriskreductionatdistrictlevel.Atpresent the DDMAs are operating on ad‐hoc arrangements by putting additionalresponsibilities and burden of DM portfolio on the shoulders of deputycommissionersbesidestheirownprimeresponsibilities.


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Actionstobeimplementedin2016–2020

Actiontobetaken 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021ResponsibleOrganization

1.1Strengthen the districtdisaster managementAuthority by appointingdedicatedstafftoassistthedeputy commissioner indisaster risk relatedinterventions.

Govt. ofAJK/SDMA

1.2. Functionalized DDMAatdistrict level.Setuptheoffice, secure equipmentand design and installoffice systems (e.g.Disaster ManagementInformationSystem)

Govt.ofAJK/SDMA/DDMA

1.3 Issue of gazettenotification to establishDDRMfocalpointsineachDistrict Department(Institutional Member ofDDMA).

DDMA/AllDistrict lineDepartments

1.4 Establish effectivecoordination mechanismby conducting regularmeetings of DDMAmembers.

Conduct the firstinteragencycoordinationmeeting forfamiliarizationwiththe DDMA set up

DDMA


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Outcome/KeytargetsetforStrategicpriorityarea1

District Disaster Management Authority has been strengthen/established anddedicatedstaffforcarryingoutDRMactivitiesindistricthavebeenappointed.

DDMAisfullyfunctionalandessentialequipmenthavebeeninstalled. Coordinationmechanism has been established for effective implementation of

DRMactivitiesincoordinatedmanner. DistrictEmergencyResponseTeamhasbeenraisedandstockpilingofessential

commoditieshasmanaged.

7.1.2 StrategicPriorityArea2‐PrepareDisasterManagementPlansatvariouslevel

AccordingtoDRMAct2008,eachdepartmentwillformulatetheirowndisasterriskmanagement plans and sector specific response plans. They will strengthen thecapacityofDDRMfocalpointineachdepartmentdeclaredasinstitutionalmembersof DDMA. No serious effort has beenmade yet by the concerned organizations todevelop sector specific disaster risk management plan, primarily due to lake ofawareness,knowledge/technicalknow‐how,resourcesandcommitment.Underthiscomponentsectordisastermanagementoperationalplansineachdepartmentwillbe

and its operationsystem.

Call the first MultiSectoral Meetingwith NGOs andvoluntary agencies,introduce theDDMA, discusscoordinationpointsandSOPs

1.4 Build‐up DistrictEmergency ResponseTeam and stockpiling ofessentialcommodities.

DDMA,Rescue1122,Police, CivilDefense

1.5 Formulation ofDisaster ManagementCommittees at UnionCouncil and village level.(Startwiththepilotcaseof10selectedUCs)

DDMA/LG&RDand otherrelevantStakeholders


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preparedwith recommended interventions range from district level initiatives tocommunity level activities. While formulating such plan specific roles andresponsibilitiesofeachleveldisastermanagementorganizationwillberecognized.


Actiontobetaken

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021ResponsibleOrganization

2.1 Formulatesectoral disasterrisk managementplans in eachdepartment andstrengthen thecapacity of DDRMfocal pointdesignatedineach.

DDMA/All Districtline Departmentswith technicalassistance ofSDMA/consultants

2.2.DevelopTehsilLevelDisasterRiskManagementPlan

TehsilAuthorities/DDMAwith technicalassistance ofSDMA/consultants

2.3. Develop UCLevelDisasterRiskManagementPlan

DDMA, TehsilAuthorities &UCDMCs withtechnical assistanceofSDMA/consultants

2.4. DevelopVillage LevelDisaster RiskManagementPlan

DDMA, TehsilAuthorities,UCDMCs & VDMCswith technicalassistance ofSDMA/consultants

2.5 Design a webbased system/web Portal forplanning andmanagement ofDRM related

DDMA, SDMA, ITdepartment.


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Allthedistrictlinedepartments,institutionalmembersofDDMAhavetheirownsectorspecificDRMplanalignedwithDistrictandStateDRMplanandstrategies.

DisasterriskManagementPlansexistatallleveli.e.Tehsil,UCandVillagelevel. ModernwebbasedITsystemavailablewithDDMAforplanningandmanagement

ofDRMrelatedactivities.

7.1.3 StrategicPriorityArea3‐ConductMulti‐Hazard,VulnerabilityandRiskAssessment(MHVRA)

Althoughlotofworkondisasterriskmanagementhavebeencarriedoutbyvariousagenciesafter2005earthquakeinBaghbuttheinformationonhazardrisk,specificto vulnerable areas andat various levels (districts, tehsils,UCs andvillage) is stilllimited.Duetolackofsuchinformation,areasvulnerabletodisastersarenotclearlyidentified, which causes difficulty to establish disaster management policies anddecision making for disaster risk reduction. Hazard, Vulnerability and CapacityAssessment(HVCA)needstobeundertakenatalllevelsbecauseanyeffectivedisasterriskmanagementplanningandimplementationrequiresspecific,accurateandup‐to‐dateinformationonhazard,existingvulnerabilitiesandthepotentialrisksassociatedwith communities, infrastructure and livelihood. Hazard specific risk mapping,modelingandzonationoftheprioritizecitieswithrespecttoearthquake,landsliding,flooding and climate change will be prerequisite to use it for planning anddevelopment.

Village, UCs, tehsils, and then a consolidated districts level maps should includeanalysisonvulnerabilityofsettlements,housingstock,importantinfrastructureandenvironmentalresources

Thiscomponentaimstopreparedistricthazardspecificriskcataloguebyconductingmicro level multi‐hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment and profiling of thedistricts(bothurbanandrural)inphases.


activities andinformation.

Actiontobetaken


3.1 Conductdetail microlevel Multi‐Hazard,

DDMA/Land Use &Planningdepartment


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Vulnerabilityand RiskAssessment ofdistrict Baghat appropriatescale of1:100,000orasperrequirement3.2ConductUClevel Multi‐Hazard,Vulnerabilityand RiskAssessment inselecteddisaster proneUCs atappropriatescale of1:10,000 or asperrequirement

TehsilAuthorities/DDMAwithtechnicalassistanceofLandUse&Planningdepartment

3.3 Developrisk profileswith referenceto the pastdisastrousevents of thedistricts.Assesselementat risk perhazardtype.

DDMA, TehsilAuthorities & UCDMCswith technicalassistanceofLandUse&Planningdepartment

3.4 Generatehazard specificmaps,indicating thelocation ofvarioushazards withzonationofrisklevels,e.g.,low,

DDMA, TehsilAuthorities, UCDMCswith technicalassistance LandUse&Planningdepartment


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DistrictandUCslevelmap/atlasincludingclassifiedhazard/riskmapsexistwiththeDDMA

Riskprofileindicatingvulnerableareasareidentifiedatallleveli.e.Tehsil,UCandVillagelevel.

DetailedriskassessmentdataavailableforBaghonhighresolutionforplanningandimplementationofdevelopmentpractices

VillagelevelhazardandriskmapsexistwithVDMCsandUCDMCs. Historicalrecordsandmapsofthepredominanthazardsareavailableforresearch

andplanningpurpose.

7.1.4 StrategicPriorityArea4‐Establish/strengtheningMulti‐HazardEarlyWarningandEvacuationSystems

Themulti‐hazard early warning consists of collection, consolidation, analysis anddisseminationofimpendinghazardandrisk.Theearlywarninginformationiscrucialin making informed and timely choices around evacuation and issuing publicwarnings and alerts which offers immense potential to contribute in mitigatingdisasterimpact.

Acomprehensiveearlywarningsystemusuallyconsistsoffourkeyelements:(1)priorknowledgeoftherisks,(2)presenceofamonitoringandwarningservice,(3)multi‐layer information timely actions. If one part fails, the entire system can collapse,resultingininnumerabledamages,ifoneoftheelementsfails,thewholesystemcanbefailedandlosseswillbeencountered.

DisasterhistoricprofileofBaghis fullofhugedamages likeEQ2005andseriesoffloods2010,2011,2012,2014.TheeffectsofsuchdamagescauseaviciouscycleinAJK,thedisastercausehugeeconomiclossthatbecomesasetbackintheefforttoeradicatepoverty, and the lives of the people becomeworse. Amulti‐hazard earlywarningsystemisanimportanttooltobreakoutoftheviciouscycleandithasbecomeamajorconsiderationinAJK.

moderate andsevere3.5 UtilizeHazard andRisk Atlas ofthe District forthe purpose ofMHVRAstudiesatdistrictlevel.

DDMA, SDMA,University & ResearchInstitutions


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Furthermore, communities are not aware of EWS and lack knowledge of disasterpreventionmeasuresasawhole.Duetodifficultmountainousterrainsandscatteredpopulation in the upper areas of District, hazard monitoring and institutionalarrangements are either weak or ill‐equipped to deliver timely and reliableinformation. However recent technological advancement in monitoring hazard,cheapermodes of communication and availability ofmobile technology in remoteareasmadeitpossibletomonitorhazardandtakeappropriateactionbyevacuatingpublictosaferareas.

Localmedia’srolewillbereviewed,enhancedandutilizedtoimprovedisseminationofwarnings.CommunityBasedEWSwillbeestablishedandlinkingcommunitieswithwarningagencieswouldbeanessentialcomponent.Initiativeswillbetakentobuildcapacities of communities in earlywarning by connecting them and by providingnecessaryequipment.


Actiontobetaken 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021ResponsibleOrganization

4.1 Develop clearSoPsforcommunitybased multi hazardearly warningsystem

DDMA/Police &Revenuedepartment

4.2.CoordinatewithPMD forestablishment ofriver flood forecastandwarningsystemwith real timerainfall and waterlevelobservationbyriver gaugeinstallation

PMD,DDMA/Police&Revenuedepartment

4.3. Establishmentof flash floodforecasting andwarning systemincludinglocalflashflood forecastingsystem.

DDMA, Police &RevenuedepartmentTehsilAuthorities &UCDMCs


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Standard operating procedure exists to operationalize the EWS during anyemergency

4.4.EnhancecommunityunderstandingonEWSthroughscheduledtraining,simulationexercisesanddrills&Launchawarenesscampaignsrelatedtoearlywarningthroughengagingelectronicandprintmedia

DDMA, Police &Revenuedepartment,Civil Defense,PRCS TehsilAuthorities,UCDMCs

4.5.Developlinkagebetweenupper anddownstreamcommunities andwith relevant govt.departments foreffectiveEWS

DDMA Police &Revenuedepartment,Civil Defense,PRCS TehsilAuthorities,UCDMCs

4.6. Formulatecommunity levelsub committees forearly warningdisseminationsystem

DDMA, Police &Revenuedepartment,Civil Defense,PRCS TehsilAuthorities,UCDMCs &VDMCs

4.7EstablishSMSalertsystem,authorizedbyDDMAs,andinstallwirelesssystemandfloodgaugesatappropriatelocations

DDMA ,PMD &Revenuedepartment,Police


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TheEWShasbeendesignedwithMulti‐Hazardapproachandguidelines EWSarefullyalignedwiththePMD,Policedepartmentandotherstakeholdersat

districtlevel Equipmentareinstalledandfullyoperationalized Local authorities and committees are fully involved in creating awareness and

widedisseminationoftheEWS Communities at up and down stream have understanding on cooperation and

exchangeofinformation Identificationofsafeevacuationplacesby involvingtheUC/VDMCs.Evacuation

siteshascapacitytoaccommodatenumberofpeopleasperrequirementoftheaffectedpopulation.

7.1.5 StrategicPriorityArea5‐Disasterriskmanagementthroughtraining,educationandawareness

ThepurposeofDRMtraining,educationandawarenessactivitiesistoenhancethecapacityofprofessionalsinrelevantorganizationsandthegeneralpublictobeablethemtoconductdisastermanagementactivitiesinaneffectiveandefficientmanner.Training,educationandawarenessare importantnon‐structuralcomponentwhichcancreatesignificantchangesinbehaviorofthedisasteraffectedcommunitiesandamongotherstakeholders.Recentnaturalandhumaninduceddisastershighlighttheimportanceofpublicawareness,andstresstheneedofenhancingcapacitiesthroughawareness,trainingandeducationindisasterriskmanagement.Training,educationand awareness have come up as an important strategic priority especially in theaftermathofearthquake2005.

Since2005,mayI/NGOs,UNorganizationsandCSOsareactivelyengagedincreatingawarenessthroughimpartingtrainingsandeducationindisasterriskmanagementtochangethemindsetofthepeople.However,stillmoreneedtobedonetoreachateachvillageandUCsthatarepronetohighriskandvulnerabilities.


Actiontobetaken


5.1. Constitute anexpert board ofMinistry ofEducation,educationspecialists andDRRprofessionals

EducationDepartment,DDMAs,andSDMA


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todevelopingandinitiation DRR/Mcurriculum atColleges & schoollevel5.2. Developmentof school safetycurriculum forclass middle andabove

EducationDepartment,DDMAs,andSDMA

5.3. Conductregular drills andsimulationexercises & TOTsfor teachers onColleges&schoolbased DRM andschoolsafety

EducationDepartment,Concerned DDMAs,PRCS and CivilDefense

5.4. Implementphase wiseColleges & schoolsafetyprogramme

EducationDepartment,DDMAs, PRCS andCivilDefense

5.5.Launchphasewise DRRcampaign at alllevel andcontinue for theforthcomingphases

SDMA, DDMAs,TMAs, Mass Media,Civil Defense,I/NGOs,UCDMCs

5.6.Developcloseliaison with massmedia forpromoting publicawarenesscampaign duringemergencies andpeacetime.

SDMA, DDMAs,TMAs, Mass Media,Civil Defence,I/NGOs,UCDMCs

5.7Conductseriesof departmentalseminars/workshops/meetingsandtraining



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Outcome/Keytargetsetforthepriorityarea5 DRRsubjecthasbeenintroducedatvariouseducationalinstitutions. Proper training Need Assessment has been carried out the training need

identified. Developpoolofvolunteersandpotentialtrainersforcommunityleveltrainings

andawareness. Celebrating the commemoration day on each 8th October through active

involvementoftheschools,CSOsandgovernmentdepartment. Media involvement are encouraged and trained on playing active role, before

duringandafterthedisasters Specialized tailor made training courses have been arranged for PWDs and

marginalizedcommunitieswithinclusiveDRRapproach.

programmes forgovt. officials onDRR5.8. Observe 8thOctober,2005earthquakecommemorationday as “DisasterAwarenessDay”

SDMA, DDMAs,TMAs, Mass Media,Civil Defence,I/NGOs, UCDMCs,Civilsocieties

5.9. Training andawarenessprogramme onChild and PWDfocusedDRR


5.10.Trainingandawarenessprogrammethrough healthpractitionersincludinginvolvement ofcommunityhealthworkers againstepidemics

SDMA,HealthDeptt.DDMAs,TMAs,MassMedia,CivilDefence,I/NGOs,UCDMCs


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7.1.6 StrategicPriorityArea6‐Mainstreamingdisasterriskreduction(DRR)&climatechangeadaptationmeasuresintodevelopment

An important issue that needs to be integrated into government procedures is topromote adoption of risk sensitive approaches in development planning andprogramminginallsectors.Thepurposeofmainstreamingeffortsistoensurethatalldevelopmentinfrastructuresinhazardproneareasarebuilttohigherstandardsofhazards resiliency; e.g., schools, hospitals, roads, bridges, dams andtelecommunicationsinfrastructureetc.

After the devastating earthquake disaster in 2005, there has been increasingrecognitionoftheneedtomainstreamingdisasterriskreductionintodevelopmentplanning–thatis,toconsiderandaddressrisksemanatingfromnaturalandhumaninducedhazardsinthesectorandinthedesignofindividualprojects.

InDistrictBagh,theneedformainstreamingcanbefeltmainlyduetogradualupwardriseinreporteddisasterlossesduringrecentdecade.Primarilyduetotheincreasingvulnerability to natural andhuman inducedhazard events of economic and socialassetsandthewellbeingandlivelihoodsofpopulation.


Actiontobetaken


6.1. EstablishDistrict levelDRR &CCadaptationmainstreamingworkinggroup

P&D Department,Climate ChangeCenter, DDMAs, andSDMA

6.2. Conducttrainings ofdistrictgovernmentdepartments onintegratingDRRinto sectoralannualdevelopmentplans

P&D Department,DDMAs,andSDMA

6.3. Implementa small pilotinfrastructureproject in

PPH,DDMAs,LG&RD


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Outcome/Keytargetsetforthepriorityarea6

Riskconsciousdevelopmentisensured Engineers and other technical teams orientated on how to integrate DRR into

developmentplanningandimplementation UtmostcareforPPHwhiledesigningdevelopmentplans.Engineers,development

practitionersandplannerareawareondesigningplansforPWDsandvulnerablesegments.

Allocatefundingforthepilotstudiesforphysicalinfrastructure

7.1.7 StrategicPriorityArea7‐StrengthenDRMsystemthroughawarenessraisingprogrammefordisasterresilientcommunitiesatlocallevel

Thelocalcommunities,localinfrastructureandlocaleconomyaredirectlyaffectedbydisasters.A“CommunityandLocalLevelRiskReductionProgramme”istheheartofdisaster risk reduction. Local communities and authorities are the first player torespondtoanydisaster.Communities,beingfirstresponderstothedisasters,haveanimportantroletoplayinreducinghazardrisks,effectivepreparednessplanningandmountingrapidresponseinordertosavelivesandassets.

Thecommunityengagementandparticipationinriskreductionplanningiscriticaland essential for successful disaster riskmanagement.The investment inbuildingcapacitiesof communities inriskreductionplanningandmanagementcameupasstrategic area of intervention. The training and capacity building of local officials,communities,civilsocietycouldcontributeinriskresponsivedevelopmentplanningwitheffectivecommunitypreparednesscouldhelpreducethehumanandmateriallossesduetoimpendingdisaster.

Consideringthischaracteristicofthedisastersituation,itisimportantthatdisasterrisk reduction programmes are implemented for awareness and capacity

regard tomainstreamingDRR6.4. Reviewthedevelopmentprogramme bythe criteria setby PlanningCommission ofPakistan &ensure theimplementationofDRRChecklist

P&D Department,DDMAs,andSDMA


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developmentatthelocallevel,includinglocalgovernmentofficials,communitiesandcivilsocietyorganizations.Localleveldisastermanagementplansatthevillage,UC,Tehsilanddistrictarevitalindisasterriskreduction.

Under the one UN joint programme, the State of AJ&K in collaboration of UNDPinitiatedCommunityBasedDisasterMitigationprojectsinseveraldistricts.ThemainthemewastointroduceandstrengthenCBDRMinitiativesintheDistricttomakeDRMactivitiesmoresustainable.


Actiontobetaken


6.1. Developcurriculum andplan CBDRMrelated trainingprograms andselection ofDMCs

DDMAs, SDMA,UCDMCs, LGRD,PRC,AJKRSP, SocialWelfare, I/NGOs andotherCSOs

7.2. Buildingcapacities of theDisasterManagementCommittees(DMCs) throughTOTs andCBDRM relatedtrainings


7.3 Developstandard DMCstructure andTORs for theexecutive andgeneralmembers of thecommittee


7.4. Defineoperationalareas for theDMCs in pre,



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Outcome/Keytargetsetforthepriorityarea7 CBDRMpilotprojectscarriedoutwiththesupportofI/NGOsandCSOsegmentof

thecommunities. Community are fully involved in the process with focus on disaster resilient

communities DifferentdrillsareorganizedbyCSOsandotherrelevantdepartmentsonsafer

evacuation Safeevacuationroutesandsitesareidentifiedincaseofanyemergency InclusiveDRRapproachisadoptedduringdrill/exercisesonsaferevacuation Mediaisinvolvedforwidedisseminationandpublicityofthecampaign

7.1.8 StrategicPriorityArea8‐Infrastructuredevelopmentfordisasterriskreduction

Awell‐distributedandsafe infrastructure isvital fordisaster riskmanagement. Inurbanpartsofdistrict,however,thevulnerabilityofthepopulationtonaturalhazardshas increased due to ill planning in disaster prone areas. In addition, inadequatemanagementofinfrastructurehascauseddamagestopopulation.Manyvillagesareremote and isolated due to mountainous terrain. Strengthening of physicalinfrastructureisvitalformitigationofunderlyingriskfactorsandeffectiveresponseduring disasters. It is essential to execute evaluation of physical infrastructure,especiallytransportation,traditionalmudhousesandcommunicationfacilities.

during and postdisasterphases

7.5 Small scaleMitigationmeasures forcommunity DRMare incorporatedin localgovernmentdevelopmentprogramme &CBDRMactivities.


7.6 Developdatabase of thevolunteers andtrained staff oftheDMCs



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The Urban & Rural Vulnerable Building Assessment Committees are working toaccessthevulnerableinfrastructurepresentbothinUrbanandRuralareas.Withvastexperienceof buildbackbetter after the devastating earthquakeduring2005, thebuildingcodeneedtobeadoptedandreplicatedforsaferinfrastructuredevelopment.Detail risk assessmentof existingandnew infrastructurewill play important role.Riskassessmentwillhighlightthepreferredmodeofconstructionretrofittingtoofschoolsandhealthfacilities.


Actiontobetaken


8.1.Preparationofguidelinesfornewpublicbuildingsconstructionintheareasvulnerabletodisastersindistrict

SDMA,LGRDC, DDMA,Education & HealthDepartments

8.2StructuralvulnerabilityevaluationforschoolsandhospitalsinDistrict

SDMA,LGRDC, DDMA,Education & HealthDepartments

8.3.Retrofittingworksofimportantpublicfacilities(schools,hospitals)

DDMAs, PPH,LGRDC,Education & HealthDepartments

8.4Preparationofguidelinesforhousingconstructionintheareas

DDMA,PPH,DevelopmentAuthorityBagh


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Outcome/Keytargetsetforthepriorityarea8

Structural interventions are in placewith the community involvement in rural

areas.

Non‐structuralinterventionsareintroducedtoraisesresilience.

Retrofitting and necessary structural adjustment are carried out in schools,

hospitalsandothercriticaldistrictfacilities.

Internal and external risk assessment conducted and dilapidated health and

schoolfacilitiesareidentifiedwithpropersurvey.

DetaillandusemapsareavailablewithTMAstofutureplanningandmanagement.

7.1.9 StrategicPriorityArea9‐StrengtheningoftheemergencyresponsesystematdistrictBagh

Thepurposeoftheemergencyresponsesystemistoenhancethedistrictauthoritiesand DDMA capacities to manage local level disasters using a comprehensiveState/national response approach. To achieve this, the DDMAwill incorporate alldisaster management activities form preparedness to response. The DDMA willdevise a framework for emergency response at different levels in the district. To

vulnerabletodisasters8.5.Conductdetailsurveyofoldbuildingsindistricts

DDMAs,CivilDefense,TMAsPPH,LGRDC

8.6Policyformulationregardingdemolishingofdangerousbuildings,alternateaccommodationandcompensationpolicy

DDMAs, PPH, LGRDC,TMAsRevenueDeptt.P&DDeptt.


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mountaneffectiveresponsesystem,it isofparamountthatorganizationrolesandcoordination mechanism is strengthened. DDMA will Identify the roles andresponsibilitiesofvariousstakeholders,andlaysdowncoordinationmechanismforactivitieswithUN,I/NGOs,civilsociety,thenewsmediapublicandprivatesector,andlocalphilanthropiststobringtogetherafullrangeoflocalcapabilitiestomanageanydisaster. Enhancing the coping capacities of the response organizations(Rescuee1122,DDMAsetc.)with theprovisionof theHi‐tech response equipmentalongwiththetrainedhumanresourceandoperationalvehiclesarecrucialtomeetanyeventuality.Foreffectiveemergencyresponse,strengtheningandestablishmentofemergencyoperationcenters,warehouses,Rescue1122services,capacitybuildingprogrammes for government officers and volunteers and the development of allhazardspecificcontingencyplansarequiteurgenttdistrictlevel.


Actiontobetaken


9.1. Equipalreadyconstructedstoragefacilities/warehouse,withdesignatedstaff, reliefmaterial relevantto the prevailinghazards andgeographicalsettings andcommunicationmeans

SDMA,DDMAs,WFP,Donoragencies

9.2Develop/revisethe contingencyplan

All district linedepartments andDDMA

9.3. EstablishDEOC to dealwithemergencies atdistrict & provideall necessaryequipment/fixturesfortheDEOC

SDMA, DDMAs,P&DD, Donors,NDMA


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9.4Enhancethecopingcapacitiesoftheresponseorganizations(Rescuee1122,/DDMAsetc.)withtheprovisionofthehi‐techresponseequipmentalongwiththetrainedhumanresourcetomeetanyeventuality.

AJK Govt., FederalGovt, P&DD andDonoragencies.

9.5 ConductGovernmentOfficersEmergencyResponse Exercise(GOERE) to focuson disastercontingencyplanning andsimulationexercisesatdistrictlevel, aligned tovulnerabilities ofdistrict withrespect to variousdisasters

SDMA, NIDM,DDMAs,TMAs,Stateand District linedepartments

9.6.Developpoolofemergencyresponders/volunteers atUC/Villagelevel

DDMA,Civildefence,PRCS,&CSO


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Outcome/Keytargetsetforthepriorityarea9 Revise/updatecontingencyplanbyeachdepartment.Thecontingencyplansare

aligned with DM Plan of the District Bagh as well as departmental DM Plan.Inclusiveapproachappliedinthecontingencyplan.

All the relief stock (food, medicine, relief supplies and rescue equipment) isprepositionedinWarehouseestablishedatBagh

UCDMCarefullyequippedwithnecessarylifesavingitemstobeusedduringanyemergencies.DMcommunitiesareproperlytrainedinequipmentutilizedduringemergencies

DEOCarefullyfunctionalizeandhavethehumanresourcescapacitytowork24/7duringemergencies

TrainingworkshopsareorganizedonDamageandNeedsAssessment.Conductregulardrillsandexercisestofillformatbeforedisasters

Poolofemergencyresponderisavailableandprofessionallytrainedatlocallevel.


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Annexures


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Annex‐A:ImportantContactNumbersDesignation/Department ContactNo.DeputyCommissioner 05823‐920046‐7SSP 05823‐930000PoliceStationBagh 05823‐449104Rescue1122 05823‐930008


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Annex‐B:PicturesofConsultativeProcess


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Annex‐C:ImportantFormatsHAZARDASSESSMENT–District________________

Hazard PriorityofHazard Tehsil

UnionCouncil VulnerableArea/Point* EstimatedPopulationatRisk


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DAMAGE/LOSSSITUATIONREPORT

District Tehsil UC HumanLosses Houses Livestock LivelihoodSources Crops Remarks

Death Injured Completely Partially * * * * * * * *

M F C M F C


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Annex‐D:ListofMachinery&Equipment

TypeOfMachinery No's

ExcavatorMachine 1

JBCMachine 2

DrampTruck 2

TractorTroyali 1

FireBrigade 1

WheelLoader 2

ChainDozer 1

Excavator 1

CargoCrane 1


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Annex‐E:AzadJammu&KashmirDisasterManagementAct,2008


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