bai giang he csdl doi tuong 31-5-2012 phan a

i hc Cn th Khoa CNTT-TT

C S D LIU hng I TNG(OODB)

Phm Th Xun Lc5/2012

MC LC A. H qun tr c s d liu hng i tng B. Oracle 11g release 2 (11.2) C. ng dng mu, dng Oracle 11g release 2 (11.2)

CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A

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A. H qun tr c s d liu (HQTCSDL ) hng i tng(OODBMS: Object-Oriented DataBase Management System)


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A. HQTCSDL hng i tng (OODBMS) I. Gii thiu II. Cc khi nim trong OODBMS III. Cc chun v cc h thng IV. H qun tr CSDL quan h hng i tng (ORDBMS)


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A.I Gii thiu Cng ngh CSDL thin v kha cnh tnh ca lu tr d liu, trong khi cng ngh phn mm tin n lp m hnh cho kha cnh ng ca phn mm. Th h th III ca DBMS, gm 2 loi OODBMS v ORDBMS cho php m hnh ho c d liu ln cc qu trnh trn d liu.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 5

A.I Gii thiu (2) Tuy nhin, thnh cng ca cc HQTCSDL quan h (RDBMS: Relational DBMS) trong 2 thp k qua l qu r. Do , c nhng tranh lun v RDBMS ln cc DBMS mi.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 6

A.I Gii thiu 1. Cc trnh ng dng CSDL chuyn su 2. u- nhc im ca RDBMS 3. Cc khi nim ca hng i tng 4. Lu tr i tng trong mt CSDL quan h 5. Cc DBMS th h miCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 7

A.I.1 Cc trnh ng dng CSDL chuyn su Thit k nh my tnh (CAD: Computer-Aided Design) Sn xut nh my tnh (CAM: Computer-Aided Manufactoring) H thng qun tr mng H thng tin hc vn phng (OIS: Office Information System) v h thng a phng tin Xut bn s H thng thng tin a l (GIS: Geographical Information System) Cc Web site tng tc v ngCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 8

A.I Gii thiu 1. Cc trnh ng dng CSDL chuyn su 2. u- nhc im ca RDBMS 3. Nhu cu c DBMS kiu mi 4. Cc khi nim ca hng i tng 5. Lu tr i tng trong mt CSDL quan h 6. Cc DBMS th h miCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 9

A.I.2 u- nhc im ca RDBMS (CSDL quan h)u im: C c s l thuyt vng chc C s ny h tr pht trin SQL, mt ngn ng khai bo tr thnh ngn ng chun nh ngha v s dng cc CSDL quan h. n gin Ph hp vi vic x l giao dch trc tuyn (OLTP: OnLine Transaction Processing) H tr tnh c lp d liuCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 10

A.I.2 u- nhc im ca DBMS quan h (RDBMS) (2)Nhc im: Biu din cc thc th ca th gii thc khng phong ph. Qu ti v ng ngha: quan h (relation) va c th c to ra t thc th (entity) , va c th c to ra t lin kt (relationship) trong m hnh thc thlin kt (ERD: Entity-Relationship Diagram). t h tr cho cc rng buc ton vn v rng buc ca x nghip: Cc trnh ng dng phi t bo m ly, nh vo chun cho SQL.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 11

A.I.2 Nhc im ca DBMS quan h (RDBMS) (3) Cu trc d liu ng nht: theo chiu dc v chiu ngang: Cc b c cc thuc tnh ging nhau Cc gi tr trong cng thuc tnh phi cng min gi tr Giao ti mt dng v mt ct phi l mt tr nguyn t (khng chia nh ra c n) Nhiu DBMS cho php lu tr v hin th BLOB (Binary Large Object: cha thng tin nh phn, biu din nh, phim, mt i tng bt k khng cu trc) nhng khng cho s dng hoc hin th mt phn ca n. BLOB khng c tnh qui v khng biu din c kha cnh hnh x (behaviour aspect) ca i tng.

qu hn ch i vi cc i tng trong th gii thc, vn c cu trc phc.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 12

A.I.2 Nhc im ca DBMS quan h (RDBMS) (4) Cc thao tc (operation) b hn ch: Ch c cc thao tc trn tp hp v trn cc b Khng cho php thm mi php ton

Kh kim sot cc cu hi qui: Khng th ch dng SQL thc hin cc cu hi qui Chnh l nh ngn ng ch trong trnh ng dng h tr cu hi quiCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 13

A.I.2 Nhc im ca DBMS quan h (RDBMS) (5) Khng tng ng gia ngn ng SQL v ngn ng ch: SQL: ngn ng khai bo, s dng cng lc nhiu dng d liu Ngn ng ch: ngn ng th tc, ch c th s dng 1 dng d liu/ thi im Hai loi ngn ng ny c cch biu din d liu khc nhau trnh ng dng phi chuyn i qua li 2 cch biu din ny khng hiu qu

Cc vn khc v tnh cnh tranh, s thay i cc s v truy cp ngho nn trong RDBMSCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 14

A.I.2 Nhc im ca DBMS quan h (RDBMS) (6) Cc vn khc (a, b xy ra khng ch trn RDBMS) a. Kim sot cnh tranh khng cn hp thi vi cc giao dch ko di trn cc i tng phc hp. b. Kh thay i cc s : DBA phi can thip vo thay di cu trc CSDL, v trnh ng dng phi i thch nghi vi cc cu trc mi chm, lm cn tr cng ngh mi hu ht cc HTTT x nghip nh t tri mnh vi cu trc CSDL c c. Truy cp ngho nn: RDBMS dng cc truy cp kt hp (associative access: da trn s kt hp cc tn t chn) m t dng cc truy cp thng thng (navigational access: da trn s chuyn ng gia cc b)CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 15


A.I.3. Nhu cu c DBMS kiu mi Cn c nhng ng dng mi: i tng phc tp Tch hp va d liu, va cc hnh vi S dng d liu thng qua cc cu thnh (composition)

Tch hp vi cc khi nim v i tng: mi giai on: phn tch, thit k, pht trin, to CSDL, s dng CSDL, Lu tr bn vng d liu trong mi trng i tng

Nhu cu: Cc m hnh d liu p ng cc khi nim trn Cc h thng h tr cc m hnh nyCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 17


A.I.4 Cc khi nim ca hng i tng nh danh i tng (OID) Overriding Overloading Polymorphism Dynamic binding i tng phc (complex object)


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A.I.4 Cc khi nim ca hng i tng- nh danh i tng(OID: Object Identifier): Trong RDBMS: OID= kha chnh Trong OODBMS: kho chnh khng dng lm OID, v: kho chnh ch duy nht trong 1 quan h, khng phi trn ton h thng kho chnh c chn t cc thuc tnh ph thuc vo trng thi ca i tngCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 20

A.I.4 Cc khi nim ca hng i tng- nh danh i tng (2) Cn phi c cc OID lun hp l vi mi dung lng lu tr, c th c vi cc my tnh trn DDBMS: khng th dng tn bin hoc con tr nh trong mt s ngn ng lp trnh (v khng gian a ch qu nh v con tr c th ch n i tng sai sau khi i tng c b xo v thay bi i tng khc). Cn c mt OID c lp vi c trng thi ln v tr ca i tng.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 21

A.I.4 Cc khi nim ca hng i tng- nh danh i tng (3) Cn phn bit 2 trng hp: 2 i tng l mt (identical): cng OID 2 i tng bng nhau (equal): khc OID, nhng tr cc thuc tnh bng nhau: Bng cn (shallow equality): khi loi b ht cc tham chiu (kho ngoi) n cc i tng khc Bng su (deep equality): khi tt c cc i tng c tham chiu n cng bng nhauCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 22

A.I.4 Cc khi nim ca hng i tng- Overriding nh ngha li mt c tnh (thuc tnh/ phng thc) trong lp con (subclass). nh ngha mi ny mi thc s c dng trong lp con ang xt, ch khng phi nh ngha c trong lp cha.


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A.I.4 Cc khi nim ca hng i tng- Overloading L khi nim tng qut hn overriding Cho php tn mt phng thc c dng li trong mt hoc nhiu nh ngha cho lp. C th thay i trong nh ngha phng thc: Cc tham s: v s lng tham s, kiu tham s, Kiu tr v

Lm n gin ho trnh ng dng: cho php ng cnh c xc nh ngha no thch ng nht tai mt thi im.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 24

A.I.4 Cc khi nim ca hng i tng- Polymorphism L khi nim tng qut hn overloading C 3 dng a hnh: V tc t (operation polymorphism)= overloading V s bao hm (inclusion polymorphism): mt phng thc trong lp cha c tha k trong lp con. V tham s, hay cn gi v khun dng chung (parametric polymorphism/ genericity): dng cc kiu nh cc tham s, nh ra cc template.


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A.I.4 Cc khi nim ca hng i tng- Dynamic binding Gn kt (binding)= qu trnh chn phng thc thch hp, da trn kiu ca i tng Qu trnh gn kt ng/ gn kt tr (dynamic binding /late binding): vic xc nh kiu i tng c tr hon n lc khai thc chng trnh, ch khng phi ngay khi bin dch.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 26

A.I.4 Cc khi nim ca hng i tng- i tng phc L i tng gm cc i tng con, hoc cc thnh t khc. i tng c cha s c kim sot theo 2 cch: c bao gi bn trong i tng phc, l mt thnh phn ca i tng phc, ch c truy cp thng qua phng thc ca i tng phc. Hc, tn ti clp ngoi i tng phc, v ch c OID ca n c t trong i tng phc.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 27


A.I.5 Lu tr i tng trong mt CSDL quan ha. nh x cc lp sang cc quan h: C cc chin lc: i. nh x mi lp hoc mi lp con sang mt quan h lm mt ng ngha: khng bit quan h no biu din lp cha, quan h no biu din lp con phi trnh by li kin thc ny trong mi trnh ng dng lp li code, v c th thiu nht qun ii. nh x mi lp con sang mt quan h cng nh trn, v phi lm php hp c tt c cc i tng ca lp cha. iii. nh x ton b cy phn cp ( inheritance hierarchy) sang mt quan h cng mt ng ngha, v sinh ra tr null khng mong mun cho mt s thuc tnh khng thc s c tr trong mt s b.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 29

A.I.5 Lu tr i tng trong mt CSDL quan h (2)V d: i.MN_HNG (M_MN, M_L, GI_MUA) HNG_BN (M_MN, GI_BN) HNG_KM (M_MN, CHT_LG)

ii.HNG_BN (M_MN, M_L, GI_MUA, GI_BN) HNG_KM (M_MN, M_L, GI_MUA, CHT_LG)

iii.MN_HNG (M_MN, M_L, GI_MUA, GI_BN, CHT_LG)CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 30

A.I.5 Lu tr i tng trong mt CSDL quan h (4)b. Truy cp i tng trong mt RDBMS: Cn phi: Thm i tng vo CSDL c, sa, xo i tng

Kh phc tp Bao hm vic nh x mt ngn ng hng i tng vo CSDL quan hCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 31


A.I.6 Cc DBMS th h mi Cc DBMS tun theo cc m hnh d liu M hnh d liu: Cho php biu din th gii thc Bao gm: Mt tp cc khi nim Mt tp cc qui tc qun l cc khi nim ny


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A.I.6 Cc DBMS th h miCui thp k 60u thp k 70 1970 1976 1981-1983 M hnh phn cp Th h th 1 M hnh mng M hnh quan h M hnh thc th- kt hp M hnh ng ngha Th h th 2 Th h th 3

M hnh quan h hng i tng

M hnh hng i tng34


A. HQTCSDL hng i tng (OODBMS: Object-Oriented DataBase Management System) I. Gii thiu II. Cc khi nim trong OODBMS III. Cc chun v cc h thng III. H qun tr CSDL quan h hng i tngCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 35

A.II Cc khi nim trong OODBMS 1. Gii thiu OODM v OODBMS 2. Hng pht trin ca OODBMS 3. Li v bt li ca OODBMS


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A.II.1 Gii thiu OODM v OODBMSnh ngha OODBMS Cc m hnh d liu chc nng Ngn ng lp trnh bn (persistent programming languages) iu l (manifesto) v OODBMS Cc chin lc pht trin mt OODBMSCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 37

A.II.1 Gii thiunh ngha OODBMS OODM (Object-Oriented Data Model): Mt m hnh lun l ca d liu biu din ng ngha ca cc d liu dng trong mt ngn ng lp trnh hng i tng. OODB (Object-Oriented Database): Mt tp (collection) cc i tng bn vng v chia s c, nh ngha bi mt OODM. Thut ng OODB ln u tin xut hin vo khong nm 1985. [3]CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 38

A.II.1 Gii thiunh ngha OODBMS(2) OODBMS (Object-Oriented DataBase Management System): H thng qun tr mt OODB. Khng c m hnh d liu hng i tng no tng ng vi m hnh d liu nn ca h CSDL quan h. Mi h thng cung cp nh ngha ring v OODBMS.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 39

A.II.1 Gii thiunh ngha OODBMS (3)Nm 1988 OODBMS Nh sn xut Versant Corporation bt u hot ng Objectivity Inc. c thnh lp Gemstone System Inc. Graphael Ontologic O2 TechnologyCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 40

u Gemstone thp k GBase 1990 VBase O2

A.II.1 Gii thiunh ngha OODBMS (4)Nm u thp k 1990 Gia thp k 1990 OODBMS ONTOS Objectivity/ DB Versant Object Database Object Store Poet (nay l FastObjects) ODABA Nh sn xut Ontos (i tn t Ontologic) Objectivity Inc. Versant Corporation Progress Software Corporation Poet Software Corporation


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A.II.1 Gii thiunh ngha OODBMS (5)Nm Gia thp k 1990 2000 OODBMS Jade ZODB InterSystems CACH db4o ObjectDB Nh sn xut Jade Software Corporation

Bt u bi Carl Rosenberger ObjectDB Software


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A.II.1 Gii thiunh ngha OODBMS (6)Nm 2001 2004 2008 2011 2012 OODBMS DB2 db4o db40 Wakanda VelocityDB Nh sn xut Informix, IBM db40bjects, Inc Versant Corporation To ra bi Laurent Ribardiere


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A.II.1 Gii thiunh ngha OODBMS (7)

So snh cc OODBMS: ..\CSDL NC\Comparison of OODBMS.xls


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A.II.1 Gii thiunh ngha OODBMS (8) Nhng m hnh ca ODMG c chp nhn nhiu nht, v: c t m hnh chun v ng ngha cho cc i tng CSDL H tr tnh tng thch (interoperability) gia cc OODBMS


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H CSDL truyn thng Tnh bn vng Chia s C giao dich Kim sot cnh tranh Kim sot phc hi An ton Tnh ton vn t cu hi

M hnh d liu ng ngha Tng qut ha Tnh kt tp

Lp trnh hng i tng nh danh d liu Tnh bao gi Tnh tha k Kiu v lp Phng thc i tng phc Tnh a hnh Tnh m rng c

Cc yu cu c bit Chia phin bn Tin trin v s

M hnh d liu hng i tng


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A.II.1 Gii thiuNgn ng lp trnh CSDL L ngn ng tch hp mt s tng t m hnh lp trnh CSDL vi cc tin ch ca ngn ng lp trnh. C: Qun tr giao dich Kim sot cnh tranh Kim sot phc hi

C th c nhng trong ngn ng lp trnh.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 47

A.II.1 Gii thiuCc qui tc v OODBMS Mt OODBMS phi tho cc qui tc 1-8 v hng i tng, ngoi vic phi tha cc qui tc cho bt k mt DBMS no (cc qui tc 9-13).


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A.II.1 Gii thiuCc qui tc v OODBMS (2)Cc c tnh thuc hng i tng: phi h tr 1. i tng phc 5. Tnh tha k 2. nh danh d liu 3. Tnh bao gi 4. Kiu v lp 6. Gn kt ng (dynamic bind) 7. DML phi y v tnh ton 8. Tp cc kiu d liu phi m rng cCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 49

A.II.1 Gii thiuCc qui tc v OODBMS (3)Cc c tnh ca mt DBMS bt k: phi 9. C tnh bn vng d liu 12. Phi phc hi c t cc s c phn cng v phn mm 10. Phi kim sot c 13. Phi cung cp cch n CSDL rt ln gin truy vn d liu 11. Phi h tr cc ngi dng cnh tranh nhauCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 50

A.II.1 Gii thiu- Cc chin lc pht trin mt OODBMS 1. M rng mt ngn ng lp trnh hng i tng (C++, Java, Smalltalk) vi cc kh nng v CSDL: nh trong Gemstone. 2. Cung cp th vin DBMS hng i tng: h tr tnh bn vng, tnh kt tp, kiu d liu, giao dch, cnh tranh, an ton d liu, phc hi d liu (Ontos, Versant, ObjectStore) 3. Nhng cc yu t (construct) ca ngn ng lp trnh CSDL vo mt ngn ng ch thng dng: v d nhng SQL vo C#, Java.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 51

A.II.1 Gii thiu- Cc chin lc pht trin mt OODBMS (2) 4. M rng mt ngn ng CSDL, c th l SQL, hin c bng cc kh nng ca hng i tng: SQL:1999 Object Database Standard ca ODMG c t chun cho Object SQL Ontos, Versant cung cp mt phin bn ca Object SQLCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 52

A.II.1 Gii thiu- Cc chin lc pht trin mt OODBMS (3) 5. Pht trin mt m hnh d liu CSDL mi, hoc mt ngn ng d liu: y l cch tip cn i t gc, Pht trin mt ngn ng CSDL v mt DBMS hon ton mi vi cc kh nng ca hng i tng.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 53



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A.II.2 Hng pht trin ca

OODBMS V hiu sut V tnh d s dng V tnh tch hp kho lo gia ngn ng lp trnh v ngn ng CSDL. 2 k thut:i. Chuyn i qua li gia OID v con tr trong b nh chnh (pointer swizzling) ii. Truy xut i tngCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 55


OODBMS- Cc m hnh lu tr C 2 m hnh: 2 cp (thng l cho RDBMS) 1 cp (cho cc DBMS mi)


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OODBMS- M hnh lu tr 2 cpB nh chnh hoc b nh o

Kim tra s chuyn i v kim tra kiu SQL B nh ngoi


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OODBMS- M hnh lu tr 1 cpB nh chnh hoc b nh o

B nh ngoi


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A.II.2 Hng pht trin ca OODBMSTruy xut i tngTruy xut i tng Trang nh i tng Chuyn i thnh con tr

tr n vng nh Vng nh trnh D Lu trang

c trang

Trang nh i tngCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 59

B nh ngoi



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A.II.3 Li ca OODBMS Kh nng m hnh ho phong ph C kh nng m rng Khng cn thiu tng ng gia ngn ng lp trnh v ngn ng CSDL Ngn ng hi c tnh biu hin cao hn H tr s tin trin ca s H tr cc giao dch ko di C kh nng p dng cc trnh ng dng chuyn su v CSDL Ci tin hiu sutCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 61

A.II.3 Bt li ca OODBMSThiu m hnh d liu ton th Thiu c s l thuyt Thiu chun Cnh tranh cao Ti u ho cu hi lin quan tnh bao gi Cht mc i tng c th lm nh hng hiu sut Phc tp Thiu h tr v khung nhn Thiu h tr v an ton bo mtCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 62

A. HQTCSDL hng i tng (OODBMS: Object-Oriented DataBase Management System) I. Gii thiu II. Cc khi nim trong OODBMS III. Cc chun v cc h thng IV. H qun tr CSDL quan h hng i tngCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 63

A.III Cc chun v cc h thng 1. OMG (Object Management Group) 2. Object Data Standard ODMG 3.0, 1999CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 64

A.III.1 OMG (Object Management Group) C s hnh thnh OMA CORBA Cc c t khc ca OMG Kin trc hng v m hnhCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 65

A.III.1 OMG- C s hnh thnh OMG (Object Management Group) l mt consortium phi li nhun v k ngh Thnh lp nm 1989 C hn 400 t chc thnh vin, bao gm cc nh cung cp phn mm / platform (Sun Microsystems, Borland, AT&T/NCR, HP, Hitatchi, Oracle, CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 66

A.III.1 OMG- C s hnh thnh (2) Mc ch chnh: pht trin cch tip cn hng i tng cho cng ngh phn mm pht trin cc chun, sao cho v tr, mi trng, ngn ng, ca i tng ny hon ton trong sut i vi i tng khc.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 67

A.III.1 OMG- C s hnh thnh (3) Vai tr: Khng l mt nhm t ra chun c chnh thc tha nhn (nh ISO, ANSI, IEEE) Nhm pht trin cc chun trn thc t nhm chng c ISO/ ANSI chp nhn. Hin khng pht trin hoc phn phi sn phm, m ch chng nhn chng tho chun ca OMG.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 68

A.III.1 OMG- OMA (ObjectManagement Architecture)

OMA Guide: L ti liu hng dn u tin ca OMG, Cng b nm 1990, Sau c chnh l nhiu ln (1990, 1992, 1995)


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A.III.1 OMG- OMA (2) c t: Thut ng thng nht cho cc ngn ng, h thng, CSDL, hng i tng Mt framework tru tng cho cc h thng hng i tng Tp cc mc tiu v k thut v kin trc Mt m hnh tham chiu cho cc trnh ng dng phn tn c s dng cc k thut hng i tng (c 4 lnh vc v chun: OM, ORB, Object Services v Common Facilities)CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 70

M hnh tham chiu i tng Cc i tng ca trnh ng dng WP Bng tnh CAD

Common Facilities Help Email Browser

Object Request Broker

Kho cha

Qun tr Cu hi giao dch

Versioning

An ton d liu

Object Services


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A.III.1 OMG- OMA (3) OM (Object Model): L mt m hnh tru tng, linh ng theo thit k (design-portable) L mt tp con ca OM t ODMGproviders requester ORB request messageCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 72

A.III.1 OMG- OMA (3) ORB (Object Request Broker: b phn mi gii cho cc cu hi v i tng): iu khin vic phn phi cc thng bo gia cc i tng ca trnh ung dng L mt knh (bus) cho php cc i tng requester to v nhn cu hi v cu tr li t i tng provider. Khi nhn tr li t provider, ORB dch n sang dng m requester c th hiu c Nhm cung cp tnh tng thch nhau (interoperability) gia cc ng dng trong mi trng phn tn bt ng v nhm kt ni mt cch trong sut nhiu h thng hng i tng.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 73

A.III.1 OMG- OMA (4) Object Services: Cung cp cc chc nng chnh hng v CSDL.Dch v Collection M t To v s dng tp hp, stack, hng i, danh sch, cy nh phn, ... Cung cp mt qun tr cht cc client chia s ti nguynn cc bin c c bit no

Kim sot cnh tranh

Qun tr bin c Cho php cc thnh t quan tm/ ht quan tm Externalization Ghi trng thi ca mt i tng nh mt dng d liu internalization= to ra mt i tng mi t dng d liu CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 74

A.III.1 OMG- OMA (5) Object Services (tt):Bn quyn Chu trnh sng Cc thao tc to ra, sao chp, di chuyn, xo mt nhm cc i tng lin quan nhau Gn mt tn cho mt i tng, trong mt ng cnh no Cung cp cc giao din lu v qun tr mt cch bn vng cc i tng

t tn

Tnh bn vng


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A.III.1 OMG- OMA (6) Object Services (tt)c tnh (property) Cu hi Kt hp cc c tnh vi mt thnh t (component) Cung cp cc cu lnh vi cc tn t, thc hin cc php ton v cc dch v khc v i tng To mi kt hp ng (dynamic association) gia cc i tng khng bit g v nhau Cung cp cc dch v nh nh danh, chng thc, cp quyn v kim sot truy cp, an ton cho truyn thng, qun tr,

Lin kt (relationship)

An ton


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A.III.1 OMG- OMA (7) Object Services (tt)Thi gian Rao bn (trader) Duy tr mt khi nim duy nht v thi gian cho cc my tnh khc nhau Cho php cc i tng c qung co mt cch ng cc dch v ca n v cho php cc i tng khc c ng k mt dch v trong s Cung cp c ch bn giao 2 giai on (2 phase commit: 2PC) gia cc thnh t kh phc hi, bng cch dng cc giao dch phng hoc lng nhau

Giao dch


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A.III.1 OMG- OMA (8) Cc tin ch chung (Common Facilities): Gm mt tp cc nhm v m nhiu trfnh ng dng phi thc hin, nh in, gi th in t, Trong m hnh ca OMA, chng c cung cp qua cc giao din lp. Hin c chia thnh: 4 tin ch chung: Printing, Secure Time, Internationalization, Mobile Agent v cc tin ch theo lnh vc: l cc giao din cho cc lnh vc ng dng nh ti chnh, y t, sn xut, vin thng. Thng mi in t v vn tiCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 78

A.III.1 OMG- CORBA CORBA= Common Request Broker Architecture nh ngha kin trc ca cc mi trng da trn ORB, vn l nn c bn cho bt k thnh t no ca OMG, xc nh cc phn to thnh ORB v cc cu trc km theo n. Dng cc nghi thc GIOP v IIOP, mt chng trnh da trn CORBA c th cng hot ng vi bt k chng trnh no khc cng da trn CORBA, khng k nh sn xut, platform, h iu hnh, ngn ng lp trnh, mng, c th khc nhau.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 79

A.III.1 OMG- CORBA (2) Cc phin bn: CORBA 1.1 (u tin): 1990 nh ngha IDL v API cho php tng tc gia client v server. Sau , c cc phin bn 2.0 (1994), 2.1 (1997), 2.2 (1998), 2.3 (1999).


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A.III.1 OMG- CORBA (3) Mt s thnh phn ca CORBA: IDL (Interface Definition Language): cho php m t cc gioa din lp c lp vi cc DBMS v ngn ng lp trnh. Interface Repository lu cc nh ngha IDL v tr li cc cu hi ca mt client v cc giao din, cc phng thc chng h tr, cc tham s, cc ngoi l c th c. Cc phng thc ly giao din v cc c t ca i tng Cc phng thc bin i qua li gia cc OID v cc chui k t.CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 81

A.III.1 OMG- CORBA (4)Client Target object

IDL stubs

DII

Giao din ORB

IDL skeleton

DSI

Object adapter

Object Request Broker GIOP/ IIOP DII: Dynamic Invocation Interface, DSI: Dynamic Skeleton Interface GIOP: Genera Inter-Object Protocol, IIOP: Internet Inter-Object Protocol= GIOP xy trn TCP/IPCSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 82

A.III.2 Object Data Standard ODMG 3.0, 1999 ODMG (Object Data Management Group) OM (Object Model: M hnh i tng) ODL (Object Definition Language: Ngn ng nh ngha i tng) OQL (Object Query Language: Ngn ng hi v i tng)CSDLHT- Pham T Xuan Loc 5/2012 Phn A 83

bai giang he csdl doi tuong 31-5-2012 phan a

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