bangladesh ar programme

7/30/2019 Bangladesh AR Programme

1/42

1

Administrative System and Reforms

in India

(Nature of Public Administration )

Prof. Suresh Misra

Professor & Chairman

Centre for Consumer Studies

Indian Institute of Public Administration

New Delhi


2/42

2


3/42

3

The saffron stands for courage, sacrifice and the spiritof renunciation.The white, is meant for purity and truth.The green is for faith and fertility.The navy blue wheel denotes the continuity of thenation's progress which is deemed to be as boundless asthe blue sky and as fathomless as the deep blue sea.


4/42

4

5,000 year old civilization325 languages spoken 1,652dialects22 official languages28 states, 7 union territories3.28 million sq. kilometers - Area7,516 kilometers - Coastline1,000,000,000 people in 2001


5/42

5

Parliamentary form of GovernmentSecular democratic constitutionWorlds largest democracy since 60years4th largest economyFastest growing IT super powerIndian Railways ,the biggest employer inthe world.


6/42

6

Pluralism is the keystone of Indianculture and religious tolerance is thebedrock of Indian secularismBased on the belief that all religions areequally good

Constitution intends to remove socialand economic inequality to make equalopportunities on handPreamble of the Constitution containsbasic features , which cannot be amended


7/42

7

Structure of the Indian Constitution

Article 1 (1) of the Constitution: India, thatis Bharat, shall be a Union of States.

There are

28 States; and

7 Union Territories.

Neither Federal in the classical sensenor Unitary in character.

Some call it quasi federal


8/42

8

Indias Federal Structure till 1990s

UNION

STATES

DISTRICT

BLOCK / TALUKA

VILLAGE


9/42

9

Federal Structure in India After 1992

Central Government

State Government

Local Government

Urban Local Bodies

Rural local Self-

Governing Institutions

District Panchayats

(540)

Intermediate

Panchayats (6096)

Village Panchayats(2,32,000)

Corporations

Municipalities

Town Areas


10/42

10

The Administrative Structure of the

Government of India

President

Vice President

Prime MinisterCouncil of Ministers

Minister Minister Minister

Secretary

Additional Secretary

Joint Secretary


11/42

11

The Administrative Structure of the

State Governments.

Governor

Chief Minister

Council of Ministers

Minister Minister Minister

Secretary

Additional Secretary

Joint Secretary


12/42

12

District Administration(District is a unit of administration, on an average a district

has a population of about 2 million)

District Collector

Regulatory Administration Development administration

Law and order

Land administration

Tax collection

Coordination


13/42

13

Local self governments (Rural)

The Panchayats

ZilaParishadsBlockPanchayats

VillagePanchayats

GramSabhas

At District level

At Block Level

For a group ofvillages

All adult membersof a village

Their main role is to function as a local self government

They provide civic amenities

They carry out Developmental works.The can lev some taxes


14/42

14

Evolution of the Indian Administrative System

The public administrative system in India has along history. Kingdoms existed in India severalhundred years B.C.

In the earlier era the civil servants performed

the role of servants of the king. (KautilyasArthshastra describes the civil service of thosedays and lays down various norms 300 B.C. to1000 A.D)

During the medieval period they became Stateservants. The land revenue system wasestablished during the Moghul period.

The East Indian Company had a civil service to

carry out their commercial functions.


15/42

15

During the British rule they started as servantsto the Crown, but gradually they startedbecoming Public Servants. The British

government set up the Indian civil service,primarily with the objective of strengthening theBritish administration in the UK.

In this period the role of the civil services was

to further the British interest, and the role wastotally regulatory. Later on they assumeddevelopment roles also.

After the coming into force of the Constitution,the public services as we see today came intobeing.


16/42

16

Civil services in India

The civil service system is the backbone of the

administrative machinery of the country.

The civil service system in post-independent India wasreorganised.

At the central level, the civil services include the All-

India services, namely the Indian Administrative Service,the Indian Forest Service, and the Indian Police Service.

There are various central services like the Indian IncomeTax Service, Indian Railway Services etc.

There are three tiers of administration-UnionGovernment, State Governments and the Localgovernments.

The State Governments have their own set of services.


17/42

17

The Hallmarks of Civil Services in

India

Constitutional protection

Political neutrality

Permanency

Anonymity

Recruitment based on merit. Done by

Constitutional Authorities - the Public

Service Commissions.


18/42

18

Problems with the Administrative

System

British legacy

Regulatory administration

Development priorities not defined

A bureaucratic model

Lack of peoples participation Not inclusive

Ineffective and inefficient


19/42

19

Reforms in Administration

The First Administrative ReformsCommission (ARC) was set up in 1966.

The ARC set up 20 study teams, 13working groups and 1 Task Force.

It gave 20 Reports making a total of 581

recommendations in a period spread over1966-70


20/42

20

The First Administrative Reforms Commission

It gave Reports on the following subjects:

Machinery of Government of India and its procedures.

Personnel Administration.

Redress of Citizens Grievances.

Centre-State Relations.

State Administration.

Administration of Union Territories.

Machinery for Planning and Economic Administration.

Finance, Accounts and Audit.

Delegation of Financial and Administrative Powers.

Railways, Post and Telegraph, etc.


21/42

21

Major Developments Impacting Administration

Globalization.

Increasing disparities.

Transformation of the world into a global village.

Deregulation and privatization trends.

Increasing awareness about human rights.

State formerly interventionist, producer, regulatorand seller now called upon to be a facilitator,promoter, and partner.

Emergence of powerful technological solutions-computers and IT.

Increasing expectations from the Governments toperform.


22/42

22

Second Phase of Administrative Reforms in India

Administrative reforms have been

necessitated because of:

Change in the role of the Government.

Changing environment.

Rising aspirations of the people.

Improving efficiency and effectiveness.


23/42

23

Character ist ics o f Good Governance

CONSESUS

ORIENTED

PEOPLES

PARTICIPATION

RULE

OF LAWEFFECTIVE

&

EFFICIENT

EQUITABLE

&

INCLUSIVE

RESPONSIVE

TRANSPARENT

ACCOUNTABLE

GOOD

GOVERNANCE


24/42

24

Citizen Friendly Governance

CITIZEN

CITIZEN

CITIZENPublicOrganisations


25/42

25

Publicorganisations

PublicOrganisations

CITIZEN

PublicOrganisations


26/42

26

SMART GOVERNANCE

S SIMPLE

M MORAL

A ACCOUNTABLE

R RESPONSIVE

T TRANSPARENT


27/42

27

Reforms Agenda

Making Administration Accountable and Citizen

friendly: ( Simpl i f icat ion o f procedu res)

Ensuring Transparency and Access toInformation : ( Righ t to Info rmation Ac t)

Decentralised Governance and Power to thePeople :( 73 & 74 Const i tut ion AmendmentActs)

Effective and Efficient delivery of Services :( e-governance)

Taking Measures to Cleanse and Motivate Civil

services: ( Civi l service Act)


28/42

28

The Second Administrative Reforms Commission

Constituted on 31st

August 2005 Objective: To prepare a detailed blueprint for

revamping the public administration system

Terms of Reference: The Commission will inter-alia

consider the following1. Organisational structure of the Govt. of India.

2. Ethics in Governance.

3. Refurbishing of Personnel Administration.

4. Strengthening of Financial Management Systems.

5. Steps to ensure effective administration at the State

level.


29/42

29

6. Steps to ensure effective DistrictAdministration.

7. Local Self-Government/Panchayati RajInstitutions.

8. Social Capital, Trust and participativeservice delivery.

9. Citizen Centric Administration.

10. Promoting e-governance.

11. Issues of Federal Polity.

12. Crisis Management.

13. Public Order.


30/42

30

The final recommendations in all theseareas have be submitted to thegovernment

The major areas are

1.Effective implementation of Right toInformation Act.

2.Crisis management

3.Public Order

4.Implementation of the National RuralEmployment Guarantee Scheme.

5.E-governance


31/42

31

Service Delivery Reforms

Legal and administrative reform forempowering citizens

Involvement of private players basically

to enhance operational efficiency

Improving government citizen interface

by use of IT

Enabling service providers to do better


32/42

32

e-Seva Redefining Public

Services


33/42

33

Conventional System

Government provides many citizen centricservices like bill payments, issue of

forms/certificates/licenses, reservation of

tickets etc.

Usually these services were provided manually

by individual departments.

The delivery of services is also jurisdiction

based E-Seva redefines service delivery by

integrating technology for citizens

convenience.


34/42

34

What is e -Seva???

Electronic Seva (Service) Redefining the public

services through Citizen Service Points named asIntegrated Citizen Service Centers

Services offered at single window including onlineservices

Each center has 4 to 12 IT enabled single windowcounters

Convenient timings 8 am to 8pm

Works even on holidays

Easily accessible within 2 km radius

Designed for citizens convenience

Payment through Cash, Cheque, Cards, Internet

Customer goes to different departments for different services..


35/42

359/5/2013 Administrative Staff College of India 35

Department 2Department 3

Department 1 Process 1

Process 3

Process 2

Service 1

Service n

Service 3

Service 2

Centre of

E Seva

Department nProcess n

E Seva

Network

Department X Process X

E Seva System

Customer goes to different departments for different services..

Customer goes to any counter in any center for any service.


36/42

36


37/42

37

The e-Seva Model

Build, Operate, Maintain, Transfer modelPublic Private Partnership

All the infrastructure costs (both one-time and

recurring) are borne by the selected private

service provider Service provider paid based on per-

transaction basis, through a slab-based tariff

(depending on number of transactions logged

in a month)

In turn, per-transaction based processing fee

(flat rate) collected from the respective

departments / utility providers


38/42

38

E-Seva has resulted in.

Convenience of a single window multiple services

at a single point

Waiting time for citizens reduced by half

Travel time for citizens reduced by Rs.09 per

transaction

Greater transparency

Depts. have been able to provide more outlets

without extra infrastructure or manpower costs

Higher revenue collection

Real time information on service delivery has

facilitated improved monitoring and supervision


39/42

39

SUCCESS STORIES IN INDIA

Bhoomi online registration and delivery of land

records in Karnataka

Computer aided administration of registrationdepartment

( CARD) and e- seva in Andhra Pradesh

District planning project in Uttar Pradesh

Gyandoot project in Madhya Pradesh

Planning a land development project in Orissa

Smart card driving License project in Gujarat


40/42

40

Used in data base management

E- Banking sector

E- Health

E-Courts

Education Agriculture

Urban transport management

Local government service delivery Disaster management

Railways


41/42

41

The Five Pillars of Good Governance

1. Comprehensive electoral reforms

2. Empowerment of local governments

3. Instruments of accountability

4. Speedy and efficient justice

5. Best practices identification andimplementation


42/42

42

THANK YOU

bangladesh ar programme

Documents