basic care- snakes - spca.org.tlive!in!different!environmentsthat!require!...

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www.spca.org.tw Basic Care: Snakes There are many different species of snakes and their natural habitats can range from desserts to rainforests, grasslands to mountains to swamps, rivers and oceans. Snakes live in different environments that require different levels of humidity as well as day to night temperatures. Furthermore, snakes are very sensitive to their environment, thus any habitat changes may cause anxiety or even be harmful to snakes. Consequently, having a snake is not the best choice for pet, as they are coldblooded animals, and it is very difficult to simulate their natural living environment. However, if you do chose to have a snake as a pet, please follow the guidelines below. You will need: Aquarium: You’ll need a glass or plastic aquarium with a strong sturdy lid/lock and an adequate ventilation system. The minimum size of the aquarium should be equivalent to ¾ the length of the snake’s body (squared). Aquarium Surface: It should be easy to clean and easy for the snake to move around in. Some good examples of bedding are: dried coconut fibres, bark, wood chips or coconut skin and should be around 2cm in depth. Aside from looking nice, proper bedding also helps the snake with molting. Accessories: Any good pet store will sell fake rocks/accessories that have places for snakes to hide in. Make sure the ones you use are big enough for the whole snake to fit inside comfortably with extra moving room. You can also add in some real rocks and leaves if you like. Water: Every aquarium should have a water pool that the snake can submerge itself in entirely. Make sure it’s heavy enough as to not tip over when the snake slithers in. The water should be changed every one to two days to avoid contamination by the snake’s feces. Other than enjoying being in water, soaking also helps snakes with molting. Sticks: Although most of the time snakes like to spend their time on the ground, some do like to slither up trees or into trunks. Some dried solid bark or thick branches are also useful for the snakes to hide behind or slither around. Heating: Commonly heat lamps and hot stones are used to heat the aquarium. Consult your veterinarian for what is best for your snake.

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Page 1: Basic Care- Snakes - spca.org.tlive!in!different!environmentsthat!require! different!levelsofhumidityaswellas! day!tonight! temperatures.!Furthermore,!snakes!areverysensitiveto! theirenvironment,!thus!any!habitat!changes!may!cause!

 

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Basic  Care:  Snakes  There  are  many  different  species  of  snakes  and  their  natural  habitats  can  range  from  desserts  to  rainforests,  grasslands  to  mountains  to  swamps,  rivers  and  oceans.  Snakes  live  in  different  environments  that  require  different  levels  of  humidity  as  well  as  day  to  night  temperatures.  Furthermore,  snakes  are  very  sensitive  to  their  environment,  thus  any  habitat  changes  may  cause  anxiety  or  even  be  harmful  to  snakes.    Consequently,  having  a  snake  is  not  the  best  choice  for  pet,  as  they  are  cold-­‐blooded  animals,  and  it  is  very            difficult  to  simulate  their  natural  living  environment.  However,  if  you  do  chose  to  have  a  snake  as  a  pet,  please  follow  the  guidelines  below.  

 

You  will  need:  

• Aquarium:  You’ll  need  a  glass  or  plastic  aquarium  with  a  strong  sturdy  lid/lock  and  an  adequate  ventilation  system.  The  minimum  size  of  the  aquarium  should  be  equivalent  to  ¾  the  length  of  the  snake’s  body  (squared).  

• Aquarium  Surface:    It  should  be  easy  to  clean  and  easy  for  the  snake  to  move  around  in.  Some  good  examples  of  bedding  are:  dried  coconut  fibres,  bark,  wood  chips  or  coconut  skin  and  should  be  around  2cm  in  depth.  Aside  from  looking  nice,  proper  bedding  also  helps  the  snake  with  molting.  

• Accessories:  Any  good  pet  store  will  sell  fake  rocks/accessories  that  have  places  for  snakes  to  hide  in.  Make  sure  the  ones  you  use  are  big  enough  for  the  whole  snake  to  fit  inside  comfortably  with  extra  moving  room.    You  can  also  add  in  some  real  rocks  and  leaves  if  you  like.  

• Water:    Every  aquarium  should  have  a  water  pool  that  the  snake  can  submerge  itself  in  entirely.    Make  sure  it’s  heavy  enough  as  to  not  tip  over  when  the  snake  slithers  in.  The  water  should  be  changed  every  one  to  two  days  to  avoid  contamination  by  the  snake’s  feces.  Other  than  enjoying  being  in  water,  soaking  also  helps  snakes  with  molting.  

• Sticks:  Although  most  of  the  time  snakes  like  to  spend  their  time  on  the  ground,  some  do  like  to  slither  up  trees  or  into  trunks.    Some  dried  solid  bark  or  thick  branches  are  also  useful  for  the  snakes  to  hide  behind  or  slither  around.    

• Heating:  Commonly  heat  lamps  and  hot  stones  are  used  to  heat  the  aquarium.  Consult  your  veterinarian  for  what  is  best  for  your  snake.  

Page 2: Basic Care- Snakes - spca.org.tlive!in!different!environmentsthat!require! different!levelsofhumidityaswellas! day!tonight! temperatures.!Furthermore,!snakes!areverysensitiveto! theirenvironment,!thus!any!habitat!changes!may!cause!

 

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Basic  requirements:    

When  you  first  bring  your  snake  home,  he  will  need  a  dark  and  quiet  environment  so  he  can  get  used  to  his  new  surroundings.  If  the  snake  shows  anxious  behaviour  (by  constantly  slithering  around)  cover  the  aquarium  with  a  dark  cloth  for  a  few  days  so  the  snake  can  calm  down.  Because  snakes  are  cold-­‐blooded  animals,  you  should  keep  the  temperature  around  25  to  30  degrees  celsius  in  the  day  and  5  degrees  cooler  at  night.  Normally  an  electric  blanket  is  better  at  heating  the  aquarium  than  heat  lamps  are.  The  blanket  should  be  put  under  the  aquarium,  on  the  outside,  and  should  only  take  up  1/3  of  the  area  so  the  snake  can  adjust  his  body  temperature  himself.    

Food:  

Different  species  of  snakes  have  different  food  requirements.  For  instance,  frogs  and  fish  are  the  main  diet  of  the  Colubridae  snake,  whereas  Elaphe  snakes  eat  mice  and  eggs  and  the  Python  eats  rats,  rabbits  and  even  foul.  The  size  of  the  food  should  depend  upon  the  size  of  the  snake  and  should  be  fed  once  or  twice  a  week.  Since  snakes  are  very  sensitive  animals,  you  should  NEVER  pet  or  play  with  them  during  or  after  feeding  as  it  could  cause  them  to  vomit,  which  can  be  dangerous.  If  your  snake  does  start  vomiting,  stop  feeding  him  immediately,  check  that  the  aquarium  temperature  is  sufficient  and  call  your  vet  for  advice.  

 

Handling:  

When  taking  your  snake  out  of  the  aquarium  first  pet  them  for  a  few  minutes  so  they  can  get  used  to  your  touch.  Then  slowly  pick  them  up  from  their  middle  section  so  they  have  as  much  support  as  possible  while  being  lifted.  They  will  slowly  get  used  to  your  smell  and  touch  and  will  wrap  themselves  around  your  hand  and  arm.  Snakes  are  very  sensitive  animals  and  shouldn’t  be  pet  from  above  or  in  front  of  their  faces.    Always  pet  their  body  around  the  middle,  slowly  and  gently.  

Cleaning:  

Snakes  will  defecate  2  to  4  days  after  they  eat.  Their  feces  should  be  cleaned  up  as  soon  as  possible  to  avoid  any  harm  that  can  be  done  by  the  ammonia  in  their  excrements.    

 

Before  molting  snakes  can  become  nervous  and  anxious.  During  this  time,  you  should  stop  your  regular  cleaning  and  feeding  routines,  slightly  increase  the  humidity  in  their  aquarium  and  wait  for  them  to  finish  molting.  Some  signs  that  molting  is  approaching  are:  decreased  appetite,  darkening  body  colour  and  cloudy  whiter  looking  eyes.  When  all  the  signs  indicate  molting  is  approaching,  leave  your  snake  in  peace  and  wait  for  molting  to  finish.  Once  your  snake  has  finished  molting,  carefully  examine  him  to  make  sure  there  aren’t  any  excess  scales  left  on  his  body.    If  there  are,  carefully  peel  them  off  with  tweezers  after  soaking  his  skin  with  warm  water  (30  degrees  Celsius).    If  your  snake  often  molts  unsuccessfully,  consult  with  your  vet  to  make  sure  there  aren’t  any  other  underlying  health  problems.      

Page 3: Basic Care- Snakes - spca.org.tlive!in!different!environmentsthat!require! different!levelsofhumidityaswellas! day!tonight! temperatures.!Furthermore,!snakes!areverysensitiveto! theirenvironment,!thus!any!habitat!changes!may!cause!

 

                                                                                                                                                                                 www.spca.org.tw  

 

 

Health:  

A  healthy  snake  will  have  healthy  looking  scales  and  a  round  full  body.    He  shouldn’t  be  lethargic  and  should  move  around  his  environment  freely.  His  eyes  shouldn’t  look  swollen  and  the  mouth  shouldn’t  have  mucus  around  it  and  should  be  able  to  close  fully.    After  molting  there  shouldn’t  be  dead  skin  left  on  his  body  and  should  be  blister  and  wound  free.    

Molting  can  also  indicate  how  healthy  your  snake  is.    If  snakes  can’t  molt  properly  or  at  all,  it  could  indicate  disease,  malnourishment  or  an  environment  that’s  too  dry.    If  any  of  the  above  conditions  are  present,  they  shouldn’t  be  taken  lightly  and  immediate  contact  with  your  vet  is  recommended.  

   

Before  taking  on  the  responsibility  of  raising  a  pet,  please  make  sure  you  have  the  ability  to  care  for  them  for  their  whole  lives.  Appropriate  space,  financial  capability,  understanding  your  pet’s  unique  needs  and  time  requirements  are  all  very  important  aspects  to  look  at  before  committing.  Snakes  usually  don't  have  strong  binds  to  their  owners  like  dogs  or  cats  do,  which  should  be  recognised  before  taking  on  a  snake.  The  Taiwan  SPCA  reminds  you,  inappropriate  animal  care  and  neglect  can  be  punishable  by  law,  so  please  think  it  through  carefully  before  becoming  a  pet  owner.