basic first aid nc state university fire marshal’s office 2610 wolf village way campus box 8007...
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BASIC FIRST AIDNC STATE University
Fire Marshal’s Office
Fire Marshal’s Office2610 Wolf Village WayCampus Box 8007Raleigh, NC 27607
General Rules of First Aid
Stay calm
Be prepared
Use Universal Precautions
Universal Precautions
Blood and body fluids of all persons are considered infectiousBody fluids are: saliva, nasal and wound
drainage, vomit, urine and feces
Universal Precautions
Hand washing
Gloves
Trash Disposal
Hand Washing Tips!
Does any one know how long your suppose to wash your hand???
For 20 seconds! Make sure to use warm water and soap!
You can sing the Happy Birthday Song or sing your ABC’s
Protect your hands
Wear gloves as barrier protection when touching body fluids
Minimizes exposure to any substances
Wash hands thoroughly after gloves areremoved
Contaminated Clothing/Skin
If garments are penetrated by blood or fluids, the clothing needs to be removed and skin washed immediately.
This will minimize the potential for infection through the skin.
Examples of Serious Injury/Illness
No breathing or pulse
Difficulty breathingEye injuryProlonged seizure
(greater than 5 minutes)
Allergic reactionsHemorrhage
HeatstrokeChest painBack/neck/head
injuryBurns to large area
of the bodyPenetrating injuryPoison ingestion
Serious Injury or Illness
Do not move the patient unless danger exists to patient
Ensure safety to yourself FIRST!Universal precautionsAssess for life threatening conditionsRender first aidActivate 911
If person is unconscious…
1) Call 9112) – Retrieve AED (if available)3) – Assess CAB’s4) – Airway - position the patient to open it5) – Breathing - If absent, give mouth to
mouth if barrier device is available6) – Circulation - check for pulse, if absent,
start CPR and make sure 911 has been called.
CPR
Simple Two Step Method1. Call 9-1-1!2. Start chest
compressionsDo compressions at a rate of 100 a minute!
• Hard• Fast • Deep
How to do CPR
http://youtu.be/2J-oSj5IkEY
Automated External Defibrillator
Call 9-1-1Turn on AEDFollow the directionsPlace pads on victims
clean & dry chestAllow AED to analyze
patientContinue CPR till
shock is advised. If no shock is advised, continue CPR
While CPR is being performed..
Call 9-1-1Start chest compressionsTry to locate an AEDIf AED is available, turn on the AED and follow
directions. If help is available, have someone use AED while
others are continuing on with chest compressions.Place pads on victims clean and dry chest.
◦ Men may have a hairy chest ◦ Ladies may have on a bra◦ If victim is wet or sweaty, take a dry towel or cloth and
dry he or she off.
While CPR is being performed..
• Continue with compressions till the AED has analyzed the patient
• A shock will be advised or not advised• If advised…
• Clear everyone from around the patient so that the shock may be delivered
• If not advised…• Continue on with CPR until EMS arrives and take
over
Bleeding Wounds
Apply direct pressureElevate the injured part unless a fracture
is suspectedIf bleeding cannot be controlled or internal
bleeding suspected…call 911Treat for shock
Cuts and Abrasions
Cleanse wound with antiseptic or soap and water
Apply dressing / bandage if wound is bleeding
Depending on the severity, evaluate need for EMS
http://youtu.be/7fZ3sle8o9k
Nosebleeds
Position head slightly forward (Sniffing position)
Apply firm pressure to lower portion of nose for at least 5 minutes
Advise against nose blowing
Apply iceConsider need for
hospital/urgent care transport if bleeding lasts longer than 20 minutes
Burns
1st Degree: Minor burn with no blisters present & most commonApply cool water for
15 minutesDo not apply
ointmentsApply a cool wet
dressing
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwpkrkWrXVI
Eye- Foreign Body
Flush with water for at least 5 minutes
Do not attempt to remove any embedded objects
If pain persists, determine the need for EMS /
Hospital / Urgent Care transport
Poisons
Call 911 if decreased level of consciousness
Identify the poison, amount consumed, and time ofingestion if possible
Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 for instructions
Send the poison and any vomit to hospital with victim
Seizures
Position on side if possible, protect yourself and patient from injury
Do not insert anything into their mouth
Call 911 if first time seizure or if seizure activity is continuous and lasts longer than 5 minutes
Choking
Assess for partial or complete obstruction
If unable to cough, speak or breathe, administer the Heimlich Maneuver
Call 911 and continue Heimlich Maneuver
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=htzRcv1Z6_s
Heat exhaustion
Signs/symptoms– Cool, clammy skin– Weak, nausea, cramps– Feeling faintTreatment– Rest, lie down– Keep cool– Give sips of water, up to one quart
Summary
Remain calm
Protect yourself FIRST by using universal precautions
Protect victim from further injury
Call 911 if you have any doubts or encounter any situation that you are not comfortable with
Questions????
THANK YOU!!!
NC STATE UniversityFire Marshal’s Office
[email protected] Office: 919-515-2568Police: 919-515-3000