basicceramics1-1221774607228809-9

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Introduction to basic handbuilt

coil clay techniques

Level: 4th to 8th grade

Various curricular integration

Social Studies: Native Americans

& Ancient Cultures

Science: Soil

Religion: Biblical References

Lesson Plan by Noreen Strehlow

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Equipment needed:Enough clay for each student to create at least one small project.

If you absolutely have no money, use a homemade Salt/Flour/Water dough.

Clay tools for blending, assorted forks, knives, pointed sticks or pin tools

to manipulate and trim clay

Plastic bags with ties for storing pieces until they are ready to dry

Plastic sheeting to protect table topsCovered air-tight containers for clay storage

Omyacolor Plastiroc Air Dry Clay

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Clay is one of the three main kinds of soil, the other two being sand and loam.

http://www.florence.ars.usda.gov/kidsonly/element/ka2.htm Most soils of agricultural importance are some type of loam.

A certain amount of clay is good because it helps hold particles together and helps hold

water.

If soil has a lot of clay it is difficult to cultivate. The stiffness resists agricultural tools,interferes with the growth of the plants, and prevents free circulation of air around the

roots. Clay soils are cold and sticky in wet weather, while in dry weather they bake hard

and crack.

Clays can be improved by the addition of lime, chalk, or organic matter.

In spite of their disadvantages, the richness of clay soils makes them favorable to the

growth of crops that have been started in other soil.

http://www.florence.ars.usda.gov/kidsonly/element/ka2.htm

http://www.florence.ars.usda.gov/kidsonly/element/ka2.htm

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Ancient man discovered that clay could be shaped and modeled into forms bothdecorative and functional.

Some of the earliest pottery has been found in the Middle East and dates to

between 8,000-7,000 BCE.

Japanese ceramics have flourished since over 4,000 years ago

Native American pottery shards have been found dating back over 3,000 years.

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Students will learn that clay is mentioned in the Bible 39 times and read these

scriptural quotations (these will be on a separate handout)

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Students will be introduced to some historical background in Greek pottery

Teacher will show the Greek Pottery Hyperstudio Stacks from the ArtEd CD

Protogeometric

Belly-handled

Amphora

Athens 900 BCE Geometric

Dipylon Krater

Athens 750 BCE ProtoCorinthian

Macmillan

Aryballos

650 BCE Protoattic

Polyphemus

Painter

650 BCE

Black FigureExekias

Suicide of Ajax

530 BCE

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Students will be introduced to some historical background in Chinese ceramics

http://www.chinavista.com/experience/ceramics/ceramics.html

http://netra.glendale.cc.ca.us/ceramics/198imagegallery2.html

Zhou Dynasty

1000 BCE

Qin Dynasty

210 BCE

Song Dynasty

1200

Ming Dynasty

1450-1650





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Students will be introduced to some historical background in Native American

ceramics

http://www.statemuseum.arizona.edu/exhibits/pproj/index.asp

900-1400

Arizona & New Mexico



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Students will discuss commercially made ceramics in everyday lifehttp://www.kyocera.co.jp/frame/product/ceramics/fc/index-e.html

Students will view some contemporary ceramic sites

http://www.claywork.com/

http://www.kyocera.co.jp/frame/product/ceramics/fc/index-e.html






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Students will be given a small amount of clayTeacher will demonstrate how to wedge the clay using the “ram’s head” technique

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Teacher will explain that it is not like kneading bread dough which puts air into

the dough

Students will wedge the clay until the air bubbles have been removed

Students will learn to use the wire cutting tool to check for air bubbles

Teacher will lecture and demonstrate as the students follow along if the room

arrangement will allow, otherwise the students will gather around the teacher for

the demonstration and go back to their seats to do the same.

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Students will learn that there are various states of clay

Leather-hard

The condition of a clay

body when much of the

moisture has evaporated

and shrinkage has just

ended, but the clay is not

totally dry. Carving,

burnishing, or joining slabs

are often done at this

stage.

Bone Dry

Clay that has the moisture

completely evaporated. It

can no longer be scored

and slipped without

compromising the strengthof the piece.

Bisque

Clay that has been fired to

a state hard enough for

glazing

Slip

Clay suspended in water.When it is a yogurt

consistency it can be used

to join pieces with scoring.

When a cream

consistency with a

coloring agent added itcan be painted on leather-

hard pieces and

burnished.

Greenware

Unfired pottery or

sculpture.

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Students will squeeze or roll the clay between your hands into coils about ½

inch in diameter (a little thicker than a pencil).

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Students will take the coil and create a tight flat spiral that will be the base of the piece

Students will blend the spiral coils together so that it is flat

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Students will add another coil to the outer edge of the base

Students will add additional coils on top of that in order to build up height

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Students will blend both the inner and outer surfaces of these coils

This can be more easily done if done every few added coils

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Students will learn that the more time and effort they take in blending the coils,the stronger the piece will be, and that they cannot simply be pressed together

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Students will keep adding new coils until the piece is as tall as they want

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Students will carefully blend the coils together for strength.

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Students will continue to build, adding coils and smoothing them as they goStudents will make sure to keep their work wrapped securely in plastic toprevent pieces from drying

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Turning the pot over carefully is a good way to make surethe top edge is straight across

A paddle or stick can be used to even up lopsided potsCarving tools can be used to clean up the edges for a finished look

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One side of this bowl has been stained and scratched intoThe other side has been scratched into and had stain rubbed into the grooves.It was bisque fired a shiny black glaze was applied to the outside An aqua underglaze was applied to the inside and coated with a clear glaze

It was cone fired to complete the process

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Students may add textures and other decorative touches to the workOnce the piece is done it may be dried

Dried pieces may be carved, painted, or decorated with other media if desired

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Now THIS is a great coiled pot!This was made by another UWM student in my class

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This is how it looked after firing, but unfortunately he dropped it on the floor.It broke into quite a few pieces. In ceramics as in life, bad stuff can happen.But look at this other one! It is three times larger!

It was made by the same student in my UWM class.

basicceramics1-1221774607228809-9

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