basics of fashion designing
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Basics of Fashion Designing
Designing Principles
These basics of fashion designing, are a must for every individual wanting to be a budding
designer.
Proportion
The relative length of two parts of a garment is termed as proportion. The degree and method of
subordinating some part of a design to other is shown as proportion.
Balance
Balance is the equal distribution of weights. (Actual or virtual) Symmetry between the left and
right halves of the body in a garment is termed as the symmetrical balance. The purpose of
balance is to bring a satisfying relationship between all the design parts.
RhythmRhythm is the repeated use of lines or shapes to create a
pattern. Rhythm is achieved through:
Symmetrical designs
Asymmetrical designs
Radiation
Repetition
Dominance
Isolation
Emphasis
Emphasis creates a centre of interest by focusing the viewer`s attention on a specific area of thegarment. It is basically the use of subordination in various parts in order to emphasize and
highlight certain parts.
Unity
Unity means that all elements of a design work together to produce a successful visual effect.
Also known as harmony, achieved when the fundamental elements of design have been used to
express a single concept.
Fundamentals of Designing
The fundamentals of designing are very important to know the concepts of designing. Theelements of designing are the factors that are essential to create the perfect outfit and they are
given below.
Lines
A line can be thought of as points so close together that they lose their individual identity and
form a new entity. Lines act as border between ideas, concepts or steps in a sequence. Since
lines can be straight, curved, or irregularly shaped, one can also think of a line as the track of a
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point in motion depicting various forms. Vertical lines can stop eye movement implying mass
and give volume to a structure. They also equate to power and strength. Horizontal lines
symbolize rest and relaxation. Diagonal lines being dynamic and action-oriented, they portray
dimensions and directions.
ShapesA shape is defined as an area that stands out from the space next to or around it due to a defined
or implied boundary, or because of differences of value, colour, or texture. It is formed when a
line encloses an area. These lined enclosures create an illusionary focus termed as shapes.
Shapes can vary endlessly and can suggest physical form and direct eye movement based on the
directional movement of lines. Shapes define figure, create ground relationships and relate
forms and figures.
Texture
It is defined as the surface characteristics of a material that can be experienced through the
sense of touch or the illusion of touch. In visual images, actual textures can be used, such as
cloth, boxes, small objects, and natural items.
Value
Value is the relative degree of lightness and darkness in a design element. Line, colour, texture,
and shape all need value contrast in order to be seen. Value is used to describe objects, shapes,
and space.
Colour
Colour is the most important part of designing. The primary colours are red, yellow and blue.
They are called primary because they are not mixtures of the other colours. Mixing any two
primary colours results in a secondary colour. The colour wheel is created when the primary and
secondary colours are placed in a circle. Colours directly across from each other on the colour
wheel are called complementary colours. Complementary colours used together provide
extreme contrast.
Basic Silhouettes
A silhouette refers to the outer shape of the garment. In this section, various
types of silhouettes are incorporated as the Indian silhouette. Thus, the basic
Indian silhouettes are as follows:
A-lineThe most common silhouette that has the hem larger in proportion to the
chest and waist measurement, thus giving the classic `A` appearance.
Shift
This has a straight cylindrical shape to the garment achieved by giving same
measurements to the chest, waist and hem. The effect is best achieved when
overall the garment has a close fit. This silhouette works very well for the younger customers.
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Tent
This silhouette is achieved by flaring the garment from under the
armhole. It is important for the garment to be close fitted at the bust.
Empire line
This refers to a panel dividing the garment horizontally into two panelsbelow the bust.
Asymmetrical
This kind of silhouette does not have a symmetrical form. It can be
achieved by varying the true colours, panels, hemlines etc.
Motifs
Ornamentation of fabric with the help of prints and stripes inherent on fabric or with the help of
superficial adherence has evolved over the ages. This generally forms the grooming up of the art
of design. Different kinds of prints and patterns are used to evolve a design pattern. Followingare the different kinds of motifs.
Ethnic
Prints such as the bandhej, batik, paisleys, chitons, French provincials
and other country prints evolving from folklores and influenced with
traditional customs are termed as ethnic prints.
Floral
This motif is also known as the natural motifs, which are basically
depiction of inspirations derived from the nature such as flowers,
animals, landscapes and similar inspirations.
Geometrical This motif uses
geometrical figures such as dots, stripes both horizontal and vertical
with other geometrical motifs and the combinations are termed as
geometrical patterns.
Abstract Uses of abstract to depict
the unknown have always caught the fancy of the people and are often
used for design based ornamentation.
Stylized This motif is an abstract
floral pattern that has a stylized depiction of floras. A very common
motif used for textile.
Plaids and Checks
Use of a combination of linear lines for
creating equal sized checks and unequal sized checks known as
plaids, has been a common motif for design development.
Colour
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Colour is the most important part of designing. The basic colours for
the various seasons are given below:
Neutrals
The neutrals are the classics, which work best with almost any
colour and season.
Summer Colours
The summer radiance refers to a bright, intense and energetic colour palette.
Earthy Colours
The earthy colours give a rustic feel, they are associated with natural fabrics like jute, linen and
cottons and also in terms of leather, wood, bone and shells for accessories.
Pastel Colours
The placid pastels refer to the light and soft colours.
Monsoon Colours
The monsoon moods are reflected in deep and dark shades of browns, blues, greens and
yellows, which are reminiscent of a rain forest.