basics of geophysical well logs lithology&resis7vity 1 · e l =− r θ fn ln c 1 c 2. basics...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
![Page 2: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Whenthewellboreisfilledbyawaterbasedmudandinpresenceofanalterna7onofpermeableandimpermeablelayers,duetoelectrochemicalphenomena,electricalcurrentsarespontaneouslygeneratedattheinterfacesbetweenmudandforma7onandbetweenimpermeableshalesandreservoirsands.TheSPlogisthemeasurementofthepoten7alofadownholeelectrodewithrespecttoasurfacereferenceelectrodewhichispropor7onaltotheintensityofthecurrentsgenerated.
SpontaneousPoten7al
![Page 3: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
ThemagnitudeoftheSPgeneratedisafunc7onofthesalinitycontrastbetweenmudandforma7onwater.TwoarethemainSPgenera7onmechanisms:• membranepoten7al,• liquid-junc7onpoten7al.
TheSPlogisprimarilyapermeabilitycontrastindicatoraswellas
afundamentallithologylogespeciallyinshalysandsequences
SpontaneousPoten7al
Flushed zone
Virgin zone
+ -
Flushed zone
Virgin zone
+ -
Membranepoten7al
Liquid-junc7onpoten7al €
Em = −RθFn
Ia − IcIa + Ic
ln C1C2
El = −RθFnln C1C2
![Page 4: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
SpontaneousPoten7al(freshmudandsaltyforma7onwater)
SPsh
SPsd
Vsh = A / B Vsh = (PS-PSsd)/(PSsh-PSsd)
SPlog
A
B
![Page 5: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
SPloginterpreta7onproblems
MainproblemsofSPloginterpreta7onaremostlylinkedto:– lackofpermeabilitycontrast
– lackofmud/forma7onwatersalinitycontrast
– thinbeds– hydrocarbonoccurrence
Low permeability limestones
Marls
Marls
mV
Lowpermeabilitycontrast
![Page 6: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity 6 mV
Shales
Gas bearing sands
Water bearing sands
Shales
HydrocarboneffectontheSPlog
High permeability sandstones
Shales
Shales
Rm > Rw Rm = Rw Rm < Rw SSP = -K log (Rmf/Rw)
SPlogbehaviorasafunc7onofmud/forma7onwatersalinitycontrast
mV
SPloginterpreta7onproblems
![Page 7: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity 7
Rmf > Rw Rmf = Rw
SP SP
![Page 8: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
InvertedSP:
Rmf<<Rw
![Page 9: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity 9
High permeability sandstones
Shales
Shales
mV
inflexion point
SP log
Boundaryloca7onbymeansoftheSPlogVer7calresolu7onoftheSPlog
SPloginterpreta7onproblems
inflexion point
![Page 10: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Geologicalapplica7onoftheSPlog
InabsenceofSPanomalies,whendealingwithwatersaturatedforma7onsandwithmudsofconstantsalinityinallthewellsunderevalua7on,theSPlogmaybeusedforgeologicalcorrela7onamongwellsandtodefinethedifferentsedimentaryfacies(inordertodefinelateralandver7calevolu7onofthesedimentaryenvironments).
![Page 11: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
GammaRaylogThenaturalradioac7vityofgeologicalforma7onsisduetothepresenceinrockformingmineralsoftheradioac7veisotopesofelementssuchasUranium(U),Thorium(Th)andPotassium(K).TheseisotopesaremostlyrelatedtoclaymineralswhosecontentinThandKisgenerallyhigherthanassociatedsandandsandstones.Incarbonateforma7onstheradioac7vityismostlyduetothepresenceofUandtheGammaRaylevelisnotdirectlyrelatedtoforma7onshalyness.
![Page 12: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Low activity Cement
High activity Cement
Low activity Cement
K = 4% Th = 24 ppm U = 12 ppm
200 GAPI
Typical responses Of GR log
GammaRaylog
Gamma Ray American Institute Test Pit
![Page 13: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity 13
(GR-GRsd) Vsh = -----------------
(GRsh-GRsd)
GRsh
GRsd
GR
Caliper - GR Resistivity Density/Neutron
ShalevolumefromGRlogBS, CALI, SP, GR LLD, LLS, MCFL TNPH, RHOB, DT
![Page 14: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
GammaRay:environmentalcorrec7onsMain factors affecting GR measurements are: • hole diameter • sonde position in the well • mud loaded with radioactive material
BS
CAL
Measured GR
Corrected GR
Shale
Shale
Sand
Sand
Sand γ
γγ
γ
γ
γ
γ
γ
γ γ
γ
γ
γ
γ
γ γ
Tool eccentered Tool centered
mud
mud
![Page 15: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
GammaRay:environmentalcorrec7ons
![Page 16: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
GammaRaySpectrometry
Gamma Ray emission spectra
WLLServicesSLB NGSSLB HNGS(PEX)BA SL
![Page 17: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
GRincasedhole
GR
Neutron
GRcorrela7onLogincasedhole Forma7onEvalua7onlogginginCH
![Page 18: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Single arm caliper
Two arm caliper
Three arm caliper Four arm caliper
Caliperlog
![Page 19: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Comparisonamongdifferentcalipermeasurements
0
6
6
GR 200
16
16 BS
CAL 0.2 2000 LLD
0.2 2000 MCFL
0.2 2000 LLS RHOZ 1.95 2.95
NPHI 45 -15
0 10 PEF
Mudcakeresul7nginaholediameterrestric7on
![Page 20: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
BoreholeGeometryTool(BGT)
![Page 21: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
“Noisy”logsduetopoorboreholewall
quality.
CALIPER
DRHO
RHOB
TNPH
![Page 22: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Classifica7onofResis7vitylogs
Inrela7ontodepthofinves7ga7on
• Macro-devicestomeasureRt• Micro-devicestomeasureRxo
Inrela7ontotoolphysics• Nonfocused,galvanicdevices(WLL)• Focused,galvanicdevices(WLLeLWD)
• Lowfrequencyinduc7ondevices(WLL)• EMwavepropaga7ondevices(LWD)
![Page 23: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Environmentaleffectsaffec7ngresis7vitymeasurements
Rt
Rs
Rs
Rt
Rt
1D VERTICAL (shoulder bed)
Rt
Rxo
1D RADIAL (invasion effect)
Rt2
Rs
Rs
Rt3
Rt1 Rxo1
Rxo3
Rxo2
2D
Rs
Rs
Rt3
Rt1 Rxo1
Rxo3
Rxo2 Rt2v
Rt2HMAX Rt2hmin
2D +dip (dipping beds)
Rm
Rt
Rs
Ro
Rm
Rs
Borehole
3D
Rv
Rh
Anisotropy
![Page 24: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Invasion effects and formation parameters
![Page 25: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Sw = Sxo = 100%
Ro= F Rw = (1/Φ^m) Rw Rxo= F Rmf = (1/Φ^m) Rmf
Sw < 100%, Sxo <100%
Rt =(1/Φ^m)(Rw)/Sw^n) Rxo=(1/Φ^m)(Rmf)/Sxo^n)
![Page 26: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Invasionandrelatedresis7vityprofiles
![Page 27: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Fresh mud and salty formation water
![Page 28: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Caliper - GR Resistivity Density/Neutron
Rmf very close to Rw
![Page 29: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Nonfocusedelectricalresis7vitytools
![Page 30: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
OldE(electrical)logs
Track 1 Track 2 Track 3
Dep
th
SP (mv) SN (ohmm)
Ampl. SN (ohmm)
LN (ohmm)
IN (ohmm)
Conventional Electrical Log (ES)
SN = Short Normal (spacing 16”) Ampl. SN = Amplified Short Normal
LN = Normal (spacing 64”) IN = Inverse or Lateral (spacing 18’ 8”)
Linear scale
Linear scale
Linear scale
![Page 31: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
OldE(electrical)logs
Track 1 Track 2 Track 3
Dep
th
SP (mv) SN (ohmm)
Ampl. SN (ohmm)
6FF40 R (ohmm)
6FF40 C (ohmm)
Induction Electrical Log (IES)
SN = Short Normal (spacing 16”) Ampl. SN = Amplified Short Normal
6FF40 R = Induction log deep (40”) resistivity 6FF40 C = Induction log deep (40”) conductivity
Linear scale
Linear scale
Linear scale
![Page 32: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Normalandlateralresis7vitylogs
![Page 33: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Normalelectricallogresponses:normal
![Page 34: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Lateralelectricallogresponses:lateral
![Page 35: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
WellSecala1SP/ILD/SN/MLLFDC/CNL/BHC
ILD (Rt)
MLL (Rxo)
SN (Ri)
![Page 36: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Resis7vitytools:WireLine(WLL)
&WhileDrilling
(LWD)
![Page 37: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
37BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
DualLaterolog0
6
6
GR 200
16
16 BS
CAL 0.2 2000 LLD
0.2 2000 MCFL
0.2 2000 LLS
![Page 38: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
38BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
SfericallyFocusedLog
![Page 39: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
39BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Environmentaleffectsonfocused
galvanictools
![Page 40: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
40BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Induc7onlogging
Induction log principle
![Page 41: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
41BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
ILD/SFLexample• blackcurveILD• redcurveSFLU
NorthAdria7cfreshWBM
![Page 42: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
42BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Rxologging:theMSFLtool
0
6
6
GR 200
16
16 BS
CAL 0.2 2000 LLD
0.2 2000 MCFL
0.2 2000 LLS
![Page 43: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
43BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
Caliper-GR Resis7vity Density/Neutron
![Page 44: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
WhileDrillingresis7vityloggingWhileDrillingresis7vityloggingareoftwotypes:• galvanic;• EMwavepropaga7on.WhileDrillingGalvaniclogs(AnadrillRABonly)canbeusedonlyinpresenceofWaterBasedconduc7veMuds.EMwavepropaga7onlogs,duetothepresenceofmetallicbodyofthesystem,canbeobtainedonlyusinghigherfrequencieswithrespecttotheWireLineinduc7ononeswithadvantagesanddisadvantages.
![Page 45: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
45BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
LWDPropaga7onResis7vity
T
R1
R2
PS
B
PS (deg.)= f (ε)
Segnale a R1
Segnale a R2
t A
mp
iezz
a
A
AT(dB) = K Log (B/A) = f (σ)
θ
180° 360°
![Page 46: Basics of Geophysical Well Logs Lithology&Resis7vity 1 · E l =− R θ Fn ln C 1 C 2. Basics of Geophysical Well Logs_Lithology&Resis7vity 4 ... While Drilling resisvity logging](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040601/5e8f839c8f384e3a29608cea/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
46BasicsofGeophysicalWellLogs_Lithology&Resis7vity
LWDresis7vi7es:Real7mevsmemory
RealTime Memory