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The Low EmissionVan Guide

Helping van operatorsto reduce costs and emissions

UPDATED

NOVEMBER2016

ConnectCollaborate Influence

Battery Electric Biodiesel HydrogenNatural Gas/Biomethane

LiquefiedPetroleum Gas

Plug-In Hybrid

LCVP_Guide_24pp_cx6154.indd 1 25/11/2016 08:51

2 3

The Low Emission Van Guide The Low Emission Van Guide


2 3


This guide and accompanying low emission van web tool has been prepared by the Low Carbon Vehicle

Partnership in partnership with Cenex, Transport for London, SMMT, FTA, Royal Borough of Greenwich, Arval

and Commercial Group Ltd. This project was co-funded by Transport for London and a Defra Air Quality Grant

awarded to the Royal Borough of Greenwich.

First published June 2015. Updated July 2016, Nov 2016.

Contents

The Low Emission Van Guide 4

Why Choose A Low Emission Van? 5

Some Useful Background Information On Emissions 6

What To Consider When Choosing A Low Emission Van 7

Topic Sheet 1 Battery Electric Vans 10

Topic Sheet 2 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vans 12

Topic Sheet 3 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Vans 14

Topic Sheet 4 CNG / Biomethane Vans 16

Topic Sheet 5 Biodiesel Vans 18

Topic Sheet 6 Hydrogen Vans 20

Best Practice - Making Existing Van Operations More Efficient 22

Low Emission Van Summary Matrix 23

What To Do Next? Getting involved 24

Assess The Savings For Yourself 25

Links To Further Information 26

Notes 27


4 5


The Low Emission Van Guide

A low emission van operates using efficient technology or

alternative fuels rather than diesel. Low emission vans can

help lower the running cost and environmental impact of

your fleet.

This guide will assist you in choosing the most suitable low emission van for the type of work you do. The guide is

aimed at operators of small to medium-sized fleets of commercial vehicles, covering vans up to 3.5t GVW (gross

vehicle weight) - i.e., a Ford Transit sized van. The guide:

• Sets out the business, environmental and operational case for using low emission vans.

• Gives van operators the knowledge and resources required to assess which vans are right for them.

• Provides case studies showing the cost savings achievable from di�erent types of low emission fuels

and technologies.

Once you have read this guide, you can find more information about low emission vans at the LowCVP’s Low

Emission Van Information Hub at www.lowcvp.org.uk/lev. The LowCVP and Cenex have created the VC3 Van Cost

& Carbon Calculator tool where you can enter your own data and compare different low emission fuels and

technologies suitable for your fleet. See the ‘What to do next?’ section at the end of this guide for an introduction

to the tool.

Source: VW


4 5


Why Choose A Low Emission Van?

The right low emission van for you is the one that saves you

money, reduces your environmental impact and does not

restrict your operations.

Better for businessReducing CO

2 (carbon dioxide) emissions

from vehicles makes good business sense

as lower emissions normally means you are

also spending less money on fuel. Clean

and green vans help to demonstrate an

environmental commitment and enhance

your organisation’s image. The environmental

credentials of suppliers (you!) are becoming

more important to your customers. In fact,

there is an EU Directive called the Clean

Vehicles Directive that mandates public sector

organisations to take the environmental

impacts of vehicles into account during

procurement decisions. Transport for London

and many local authorities have introduced

performance standards for low emission

vans as part of their tendering process for

contractors. By operating a low emission

van you could be a step ahead of other

companies bidding for work.

Better for air quality and healthExhaust emissions from vehicles contribute to air quality problems in cities. Poor air quality is extremely harmful

to health; it is estimated to contribute to 29,000 premature deaths a year in the UK . Many UK cities are putting in

place measures to reduce air pollution from vehicles including vans. London has introduced the Low Emission

Zone and will be introducing an Ultra-Low Emission Zone by 2020. This aims to increase the use of cleaner

vehicles in central London. In September 2020 diesel vans operating in the London Ultra-Low Emission Zone

must comply with the Euro 6 emissions standard. Compliance is achieved through imposing restrictions and

different charges on the types of vehicles that are allowed into Low Emission Zone areas. Other cities across

the UK are also introducing local measures to encourage the use of cleaner vehicles to help improve air quality.

Birmingham, Leeds, Nottingham, Derby and Southampton are planning to introduce Clean Air Zones by 2020.

Better for the environmentThe UK Government is committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and has introduced regulations and

incentives to encourage low emission vehicle use by businesses and individuals. These measures are expected to

continue in the future.

Source: Nissan


6 7


Some Useful Background Information On Emissions

Understanding how air quality and CO2 emissions are defined will help you to choose a low emission van.

Air quality emissions are pollutants released from a vehicle’s exhaust pipe in to the atmosphere. You may have

heard of Particulate Matter (PM) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx). These are the principal pollutants released from

vehicles that contribute to poor air quality in cities.

Euro standards are a set of air quality standards that new vans must meet. Every few years tighter emission

standards are set out for new vans. The current standard is Euro 6 for the smallest vans (like a Citroen Nemo), with

larger vans (like a Transit Connect and bigger) moving to Euro 6 in September 2016. Many larger vans that comply

with the Euro 6 emission standard are already available.

Real-world emissions from vans may differ from the manufacturers’ published information for many reasons.

You have probably heard a lot about this in the press recently. Over the next couple of years van emission testing

procedures are set to change. The standard test cycle will change to one which represents real-world driving

better and legislation is coming into force to ensure that emission limits are not exceeded while a van is operating

in the real-world.

CO2 is a greenhouse gas which does not affect air quality but is considered the principal contributor to climate

change. In this guide we talk about the CO2 emissions from vans in two different ways as explained below.

- Tailpipe CO2 is emitted directly from the vehicle and every van model has its tailpipe emissions

declared by the manufacturer. They are expressed as the grams of CO2 emitted per km driven (g/km).

It’s important to know this before you buy a van as some tax rates, plug-in van grants and congestion

charge rates are based on tailpipe emissions. An Ultra-Low Emission Vehicle (ULEV), is a van which

emits less than 75g CO2 per km driven. A Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) is a van which has no tailpipe

CO2 emissions e.g. battery electric or pure hydrogen powered vans.

- Fuel life cycle CO2 is a much better method for understanding the true environmental performance

of a fuel. This takes into account the CO2 emissions associated with the energy used while extracting

and processing the fuel as well as the emissions from the vehicle when the fuel is burnt. Renewable

biofuels, which are generally derived from plants or waste, also cause CO2 emissions when used in a

vehicle. However, since this CO2 was taken from the atmosphere by the plant when it was growing, its

combustion does not contribute to climate change and is therefore not included when looking at the

fuel life cycle CO2 emissions from a van.

With the back seats

removed and a

bulk head installed,

Speedy use the BMW

i3 in a car derived

van configuration

to deliver products

in London and

Manchester city

centres. Source:

Speedy Services


6 7


What To Consider When Choosing A Low Emission Van

For a fleet of vans it may be possible to specify vehicles

differently in order to arrive at a mix of van types to deliver the

variety of duties required. This allows low emission vans to play

a role in your fleet which is best suited to their capabilities.

Fit for purposeTo minimise costs it is important to avoid choosing a larger or more powerful model than is required. Purchasers

should be realistic about how often the largest payload, top speed or maximum range is needed.

Factors to consider

PayloadWhat type of goods will be carried, what is the maximum payload required? Payload is often reduced slightly in alternatively fuelled vehicles due to the weight of additional components such as batteries, motors or gas tanks.

Vehicle size What load space is required? The best way to reduce emissions and cost is to use smaller and lighter vehicles. Downsizing from a larger vehicle will also open doors to more low emission van options, for example most plug-in vans are only available in the smaller van range.

Daily / annual

mileage (range)

Local runs or long distance driving? Return to base for refuelling? Refuelling station availability and the time taken to refuel/recharge can vary for the different low emission van options.

Fuel/technology

options

What are the benefits of low carbon fuels? Apart from lower emissions and running costs, a quieter vehicle may be beneficial, or you may be looking to improve your company’s image.

Local

considerations

Is any preferential treatment given for a particular type of vehicle, such as concessionary parking charges or access to low emission zones? Low emission vans are often encouraged into cities by local authorities offering discounted access and parking fees.

Dealer support

Where is my closest trained dealer? Will my warranty be affected? Make sure your local service centre is able to support your alternatively fuelled vehicle. Different service frequencies have to be followed when running on biodiesel. An additional third party warranty may be needed to maintain full warranty cover of an LPG converted vehicle.

Buy or lease

What discount can you get through your dealership? Do you want a guaranteed fixed cost for vehicle ownership? The examples in this guide give whole life costs for vehicle ownership. You should look at both lease rates and ownership costs. Leasing companies can get much bigger discounts on buying vehicles compared to low volume van buyers. They offer convenient fixed monthly charges that can include maintenance. Plus many have specialists offering free advice for customers wanting to switch to lower carbon vehicles. Purchasing the vehicle yourself, especially if you can get a good dealer discount, can be cheaper, although you’ll have to absorb some risk when it comes to estimating the value of an alternatively fuelled van in future years when you want to sell it.

FlexibilityFinally, flexible thinking will help. This guide will show you that the cost and emission savings are there, you may just have to rethink how you operate your vans to take full advantage of them.


8 9


What To Consider When Choosing A Low Emission Van (continued)

It’s easy to fall into the trap of purchasing the lowest cost van

available to you.

Evaluating the cost

Since your choice of van will determine your business costs for years to come it pays to undertake a whole life

cost analysis. This includes not only the purchase cost, but also running costs (fuel, tax, maintenance, congestion

charge etc.) and how much you will get for the van when you come to sell it again. Most low emission vans will

cost you more up front, but deliver monetary savings due to their lower running costs. The key factor is whether

your annual mileage is high enough to allow the lower fuel costs to result in cost savings over the whole life of

the vehicle. The van technology Topic Sheets give example scenarios where low emission vans are also lower

cost vans.

Dual Fuel

Hydrogen-Diesel

Vans Source:

Commercial

Group

Dual Fuel

Hydrogen-Diesel

Vans Source:

Commercial

Group


8 9


Incentives for low emission vans

To encourage the purchase of low emission vans and assist in reducing whole life costs a number of financial

incentives are in place. National incentives have been put in place by the UK government and some councils also

offer local incentives.

INCENTIVE INFORMATION WHAT’S IT WORTH?

Plug-in van grant

(≤ 3.5 tonnes)

For vans with a total permissible weight of less than or equal to 3.5 tonnes, the plug-in van grant provides 20% off the cost of a new Ultra-Low Emission Vehicle (ULEV) up to a maximum of £8,000. A van which emits less that 75g CO

2 per km driven

is classed as an ULEV. To be eligible for the grant a van must have an electric only range of at least 10 miles and be an ULEV.

Up to £8,000

Plug-in van grant

(> 3.5 tonnes)

For vans with a total permissible weight of more than 3.5 tonnes, the plug-in van grant provides 20% off the cost of a ULEV up to a maximum of £20,000. This scheme was introduced in October 2016 and is valid for 200 grant claims, after which the grant level will fall in line with the lighter van scheme (above) which gives 20% off the price, up to a maximum of £8,000.

Up to £20,000

Workplace

Charging Scheme

A voucher-based scheme supports the upfront purchase and installation costs of EV charge points. The contribution is limited to £300 for each socket up to a maximum of 20 across all sites for each application. The voucher will be valid for four months (120 days) from the date of issue.

Up to £300

each

Electric vehicle

homecharge

scheme

The government offers a grant of 75% towards the cost of charging infrastructure installed at residential addresses.

Up to £500

On-street

charging scheme

The government offers a grant of 75% towards the costs of installing an on-street electric vehicle charging bay for residents with regular use of an electric vehicle.

Up to £7500

Road tax The road tax rate for a zero emission vans is £0.Up to £140

per year

Van benefit

charge

Using a company van for significant personal use is a taxable benefit. The government value this benefit at £3,170 per annum and a driver must pay their normal rate of tax on this. Using a zero emission van will reduce this taxable amount by 80%. From FY 2018/19 the benefit will reduce on a tapered basis reaching parity with the full taxable rate in April 2022.

£507 per year

for a basic

rate (20%) tax

payer

Van fuel benefit

charge

If an employer gives an employee a van to use which is subject to the van benefit charge and pays for their fuel, the employee will need to pay a fuel benefit charge. Van fuel benefit charge is set at a flat rate £598 in 2016-17. In 2017-18 this will increase by RPI. Electricity is not treated as a fuel, so it is not subject to the van fuel benefit charge.

£598 per year

Enhanced capital

allowance

Zero emission goods vehicles are eligible for 100% first year allowance until 2018. So if your business pays corporation tax at 20%, £20,000 spent on a battery electric van would reduce your tax bill in the year of purchase by £4,000. You cannot claim an enhanced capital allowance if you have received the plug-in van grant.

£4,000 on

a £20,000

purchase

Fuel dutySome clean fuels such as natural gas, LPG and biomethane are cheaper than diesel and petrol because the government applies less fuel duty to them. In the case of electricity or hydrogen, there is no fuel duty applied at all.

Up to 70%

reduction in

fuel costs

Free or dis-

counted parkingSome cities offer free or discounted parking at public charge points for electric vans.

Up to £10 per

day

Congestion

charge

Vans that emit 75g/km or less of CO2 receive a 100% discount on the London

Congestion Charge.

£11.50 per

day, or £10.50

if using auto-

pay


10 11


Topic Sheet 1Battery Electric Vans

Technology Introduction Battery electric vans (BEVs) operate entirely on electricity using an electric motor instead of a diesel or petrol engine. A high capacity battery (usually lithium ion technology, the same as we have in our phones and laptops) powers the vans. BEVs are classed as ultra-low emission vehicles.

Fit for Purpose

• Electric vans are suitable for regular and low mileages due to their limited driving range between recharging.

• Typically they can offer up to an 80 mile (small van) or 100 mile (large van) range in the real-world. High payloads, aggressive driving or high heater use in winter can all reduce the available range. Range can be increased by using specialist routing software to optimise daily journeys for BEV use.

• The daily range can be extended by topping up the battery during the day.

• Fleets would normally drive back to base to recharge. The growing number of fast and rapid public charging stations also allow top-up charging during the day – links to charging station maps are provided in the ‘What to do next?’ section at the end of this guide.

• Due to the weight of the batteries, payload for a small panel van typically reduces by around 5 to 15% with up to 25% for a large panel van. Load space is not affected.

• Some manufacturers offer EVs on either an outright purchase or battery leasing arrangement. The battery leasing option alleviates any concerns around battery life time and potential performance degradation.

Environmental Performance

• Electric vans produce zero tailpipe emissions which makes them ideal for improving air quality in our cities and reducing CO

2 emissions. BEVs offer CO

2 savings of up to 35% even

when the carbon intensity of electricity production is taken into account.

Market Status

• Small battery electric van models are available from a growing number of mainstream manufacturers, such as the Nissan e-NV200 or the Renault Kangoo ZE and more. Due to running and purchasing incentives from the UK Government, coupled with the wide spread electricity network, electric vans are rapidly becoming a popular fleet choice.

• Large electric vans are available from BD Auto, with vans from Iveco and LDV becoming available throughout 2016. Due to the greater purchase cost of large electric vans, an additional environmental cost saving (such as the London Congestion Charge) is often required to show a whole life cost saving against a diesel van.

Environmental performance

(compared to diesel)

Tailpipe CO2

100% saving

Fuel life cycle CO2

35% saving

Excellent for air

quality

Low noise

Operational performance

Range

Up to 80 miles

(small van) or 100

miles (large van)

Recharging times

Standard: 10 hrs

Fast: 4 hrs

Rapid: 30 mins

Ideal operation

City and suburbs.

Back to base

Example fleet

City courier, light

delivery and service

engineer

spread electricity network, electric vans are rapidly becoming a popular fleet choice.


10 11


Topic Sheet 1 (continued)

Battery Electric Vans

Whole Life Cost Example

Nissan NV200 1.5dCi Acenta

(Diesel)

Nissan e-NV200 Acenta

(Electric)Vehicle:

2.2t Small panel van

Annual mileage:

12,000 miles (48 miles per day)

Ownership period:

5 years

Cost saving:

£4,514 rising to £17,639 if used

daily in the London Congestion

Charging Zone

The example shows the economic case for electric vehicles is strong. The plug-in van grant, lower fuel cost, zero

road tax, lower maintenance costs and stronger residual value all work

together to offer substantial whole life cost savings. When regional incentives,

such as free entry into the London Congestion Charging Zone are included the whole life savings available become comparable to the purchase cost of the

vehicle!

Vehicle £15,030 £22,088

Plug-in van grant discount £5,301

Fuel costs £5,449 £2,103

Road tax £700 £0

Maintenance costs £2,114 £1,416

Resale value £3,096 £4,622

Life time cost £20,198 £15,684

Cost per mile 33.7p 26.1p

Whole life cost savings £4,514

If used in the London Congestion Zone (5 days/week)



How we calculated the whole life cost and emissions

All costs exclude VAT. Purchase Cost Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool. Fuel Consumption manufacturer’s literature with a 20% real-world small van uplift factor applied. Fuel Cost diesel 2015 average @ £0.96 per litre, electricity @ £0.11 per kWh. Maintenance Cost Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool Resale Value Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool Emissions UK Government fuel emission factors applied to estimated van fuel consumption.

Case Study

Fruit 4 London is a small company, with a big environmental ethos, dedicated to delivering fresh fruit to over 200 London offices every day. Following a successful vehicle trial in 2012, Fruit 4 London operates five electric Renault Kangoo ZE delivery vans. The vans typically travel 40 to 70 miles and make up to 60 delivery stops per day.

Initially attracted by the environmental benefits of zero emission vehicles, they found it was easy to make the business case work too, as Fruit 4 London director Laszlo Mulato explains, “Operating in the congestion charging zone saves us nearly £15,000 per year over the five vehicles, we are also seeing around 75% fuel savings compared to our two diesel delivery vans”. Having operated BEVs for 3 years now Laszlo has also noticed the extra business the vehicles are directly responsible for as their customers seek a more sustainable supply chain.

Fruit 4 London purchase all their electric vans on a battery leasing model, preferring the financial security and comfort of knowing that the batteries performance and lifetime are guaranteed for as long as they own the vehicles.

Which other fleets are using electric?

British Gas, Birmingham City Council, Gnewt Cargo, Loughborough University and more.

Next steps Go to the ‘What to do next?’ section at the end of this guide to find links to electric van advice sites and tools, including public charging station locations.


12 13


Topic Sheet 2Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vans

Technology Introduction A Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) operates using a petrol engine or battery powered electric motor to drive the wheels. It can operate in pure electric mode like a battery electric van, however due to a smaller battery the mileage available in electric mode is less. Once the battery has depleted, the petrol engine starts and the vehicle operates in a similar way to a normal hybrid vehicle. Plug-in hybrid vans are classed as ultra-low emission vehicles.

Fit for Purpose

• A plug-in hybrid van offers the same functionality as a conventional van as it can operate on petrol when the battery depletes.

• Maximising the electric only mileage is key to reducing costs and maximising the environmental benefits.

• Payload is normally reduced due to the additional weight of the batteries and electric motors, but load space is unaffected.

• Fleets would normally go back to base to base to recharge. The growing number of fast and rapid public charging stations also allow top-up charging during the day – links to charging station maps are provided in the ‘What to do next?’ section at the end of this guide.


• The PHEV is a zero emission vehicle when operating in electric mode.

• The reduction in fuel and engine use means that PHEVs are very good for air quality.

Market Status

• PHEVs are very limited in supply. Mitsubishi currently offer a 4Work model of their PHEV Outlander in a 2 seat, extended load space configuration.

• Only PHEVs which have tailpipe emissions of under 75g/km CO2 and a zero emission

range of at least 10 miles are eligible for the plug-in van grant.



Tailpipe CO2

100% saving when

operating in electric

mode

Fuel life cycle CO2

35% saving when

operating in electric

mode

Very good for air

quality

Low noise


Range in electric

mode

Up to 27 miles, plus

petrol reserve

Recharging times

Standard: 5 hrs

Rapid: 30 mins

Ideal operation

City, suburbs,

occasional

motorway.

Back to base.

High electric mode

utilisation

Example fleet

City courier, light

delivery and service

engineer


12 13



Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vans


Mitsubishi Outlander 2.2DI-

D GX1 4Work (Diesel)

Mitsubishi Outlander Hybrid

GX3h 4Work (PHEV)

Vehicle:

2.2t PHEV Van

Annual mileage:


Ownership period:

5 years

Cost saving:

£446 rising to £13,571 if used

daily in the London Congestion

Charging Zone

The example shows there are savings available for the PHEV. The plug- in van

grant and lower fuel costs work together to offer whole life cost savings. When regional incentives, such as free entry into the London Congestion Charging Zone are included the savings available

become enormous.

In this example the PHEV covers 60 miles per day and assumes the electric mode is used to cover 27 miles per day.

Savings will diminish if the vehicle is not fully charged each day and/or more miles are undertaken in petrol

mode.

Unlike the PHEV SUV, the 4Work model is a commercial vehicle and as such

does not qualify for £0 rate car road tax.

Vehicle £21,728 £29,603

Plug-in van grant discount

£7,105

Fuel costs £7,221 £5,435

Road tax £700 £700





Whole life cost savings

£446

If used in the London Congestion Zone (5 days/week)



£13,571


All costs exclude VAT. Purchase Cost Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool. Fuel Consumption manufacturer’s literature with a 20% real-world small van uplift factor applied. Fuel Cost diesel 2015 average @ £0.96 per litre, electricity @ £0.11 per kWh. Maintenance Cost Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool Resale Value Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool Emissions UK Government fuel emission factors applied to estimated van fuel consumption.

Case Study

The Environment Agency operates over 1,400 commercial vehicles. The Agency’s current CO

2 reduction initiatives include the use of biodiesel in

nearly 300 vehicles and the use of retro-fit hybrid assist systems in rear-wheel transits.

The release of the Mitsubishi PHEV Outlander provides a great opportunity for them to expand their use of low carbon vehicles, as Dale Eynon, Head of Fleet Services explains “We already use Mitsubishi Diesel Outlanders within the fleet, the PHEV is available at the same cost, and even with a low level of charging we expect to break even, the main focus for us is to maximise EV use to ensure we are maximising our CO

2 savings.” The 68 PHEV Outlanders (deployed

in March 2015) leave the depots fully charged, and on average will travel around 60 miles a day. The Environment Agency are currently looking to install additional charge points at key work locations and educate staff as to the locations of public infrastructure which could be used during breaks.

Next steps Go to the ‘What to do next?’ section at the end of this guide to find links to the further plug-in hybrid electric van advice sites and tools, including public charging station locations.


14 15


Topic Sheet 3Liquefied Petroleum Gas Vans

Technology Introduction Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a fossil fuel extracted alongside natural gas and is also a by-product of the oil refining process. LPG is stored on vehicles under pressure as a liquid.

Fit for Purpose

• LPG vehicles can undertake similar duties to regular vans due to the long range available between refuelling events.

• Refuelling is easy, there are nearly 1,500 refuelling stations offering LPG across the UK.

• The vehicles are bi-fuel, so they can operate on either petrol or LPG.

• Payload is similar to a regular van and the LPG tanks are normally mounted in the spare wheel cavity. If additional mileage is required tanks can also be fitted in the load space.


• LPG vehicles are quieter and emit less harmful air quality pollutants than diesel vehicles. They offer tailpipe and fuel life cycle CO

2 emissions when compared to petrol, but can

emit similar CO2 per km when compared to a diesel van.

Market Status

• LPG conversions and refuelling infrastructure are well established and proven. Although LPG vehicles are available from main stream manufacturers in Europe, here in the UK you would have a petrol van retro-fitted with an LPG system by an installer approved by UKLPG – the LPG trade association.

• A vehicle manufacturer’s warranty will not cover any faults caused by the LPG system, therefore a third party warranty (usually from the AA) can be taken out.

• LPG vans are available on contract hire from leasing companies, such as Fraikin, eliminating potential concerns around vehicle conversion, warranty and resale.


(compared to petrol)

Tailpipe CO2

14% saving

Fuel life cycle CO2

20% saving

Good for AQ

Low noise


Miles on full tank

Up to 300 miles

(plus petrol reserve)

Ideal operation

No restrictions

Example fleet

City and long

distance courier,

delivery, service

engineer


14 15



Liquefied Petroleum Gas Vans


Vauxhall Combo 1.4i 95PS (Petrol)

Vauxhall Combo 1.4i 95PS (LPG) Vehicle:


Annual mileage:

15,000 miles

Ownership period:

5 years

Cost saving:

£1,387

In this example the fuel savings from using LPG recoup the cost of the system and the additional maintenance costs – which come to £45 per 12,000 miles.

LPG conversions provide whole life cost savings when compared to petrol

vehicles and similar whole life costs when compared to diesel vehicles, with the advantage of better air quality and

lower noise performance.

Vehicle £14,293 £14,293

LPG Conversion £1,200

Fuel costs £9,427 £6,559

Road tax £700 £700




Cost per mile 34.2p per mile 32.3p per mile


£1,387


All costs exclude VAT. Purchase Cost manufacturer’s list price, LPG system installation cost from supplier quotes. Fuel Consumption manufacturer’s literature with a 20% real-world small van uplift factor applied. Fuel Cost 2015 average price, petrol @ £0.93 per litre, LPG @ £0.50 per litre. Maintenance Cost Petrol from Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool with additional £45 per 12,000 miles LPG system service Resale Value Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool Emissions UK Government fuel emissions factors applied to estimated van fuel consumption.

Case Study

Outdoor advertising firm Clear Channel UK has many reasons to choose autogas LPG to fuel its fleet of service vehicles. However, it was firstly the environmental angle followed by the financial advantages that are a major benefit to Clear Channel UK. Glenn Ewen, Fleet Manager, Clear Channel UK, said: “As part of our wider strategy to minimise our impact on the environment, Clear Channel UK has set a target of 84 per cent LPG usage against petrol. As part of our commitment to this target, we have installed seven bunkers at Clear Channel depots nationwide where our drivers refuel.” Typically, their autogas LPG system provides annual (running) cost savings of around 40 per cent compared to petrol fuelled vans.

Which other fleets are using LPG?

Humberside Police Force, Grass Hopper Couriers, Camden Council and more.

Next steps Go to the ‘What to do next?’ section at the end of this guide to find links to thefurther van advice sites and tools, including a link to a list of approved installers and LPGrefuelling stations.


16 17


Topic Sheet 4CNG / Biomethane Vans

Technology Introduction CNG vehicles run on Compressed Natural Gas, the same gas we use to power our central heating boilers and cookers. CNG is stored on the vehicle in pressurised cylinders and used in a spark ignition engine, which is the type of engine used in petrol vehicles. CNG is a fossil fuel; however a renewable and sustainable version of natural gas is also available called biomethane. Biomethane is produced from organic waste and can be directly used in CNG vehicles.

Fit for Purpose

• CNG vans can undertake similar duties to regular diesel vans due to the long range available between refuelling.

• Payload is often reduced by about 10% due to the weight of the gas tanks. Load space is not affected.

• A limited, but growing, number of public CNG refuelling stations are available across the UK which are capable of filling the fuel tank in a few minutes. Smaller home or depot based refuelling units can compress natural gas from the gas network directly into a vehicle’s tank overnight.

• CNG vans can have a reserve petrol tank in case you run low on gas away from a refuelling station.


• CNG vehicles are good for air quality, they are quiet and emit similar levels of CO2 to

diesel vans. If operated on biomethane, then fuel life cycle CO2 savings of over 60% are

available.

Market Status

• CNG vehicles are popular all over the world. Model availability is limited in the UK due to our lack of refuelling stations. CNG versions of the Iveco Daily and Mercedes Sprinter are available. Until July 2014, VW supplied the UK with a CNG Caddy, these are now available on the second hand market or a new left hand drive model could be imported from Ireland.

• Direct biomethane supply in the UK is very limited. Fleets wishing to use biomethane can purchase Green Gas Certificates, these allow fleets to purchase the green credentials of biomethane (injected into the national gas grid elsewhere) when drawing gas from their local grid connection point. However, Green Gas Certificates are not currently accepted as a legitimate method of claiming fuel life cycle carbon reduction under the UK Government’s carbon reporting protocol, but this is under review.



Tailpipe CO2

Similar

Fuel life cycle CO2

Similar for CNG,

over 60% saving

for biomethane

Good for air

quality

Low Noise


Miles on full tank

Up to 300 miles

(plus petrol reserve)

Ideal operation

City, suburbs,

motorway. Back to

base. High mileage

Example fleet

City and long

distance courier,

delivery, service

engineer


16 17



CNG / Biomethane Vans


Mercedes Sprinter 316 CDI (Diesel)

Mercedes Sprinter 316 NGT

(CNG)

Vehicle:

3.5t CNG Large Panel Van

Annual mileage:

25,000 miles

Ownership period:

6 years

Cost saving:

£1,823

The cost example opposite shows that the additional purchase cost of a CNG

Mercedes Sprinter covering 25,000 miles per annum saves the operator over £1,800 on a whole life cost basis over 6 years. With the increased purchase and maintenance costs and lower residual

value offset by the savings in fuel costs.

The price of CNG varies significantly between suppliers. Availability of low cost CNG coupled with high annual

mileage will be the key factors in achieving an overall whole life cost

saving.

Vehicle purchase cost £28,740 £31,710

Fuel cost £23,865 £16,219

Road tax £1,350 £1,350






£1,823


All costs exclude VAT. Purchase Cost Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool. Fuel Consumption manufacturer’s literature with a 35% real-world large van uplift factor applied. Fuel Cost diesel 2015 average @ £0.96 per litre, gas @ 0.64p/kg from CNG Fuels public filling station. Maintenance Cost Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool adjusted with data from Mercedes for CNG Van Resale Value Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool Emissions UK Government fuel emission factors applied to estimated van fuel consumption.

Case Study

Following a successful implementation of gas refuse collection vehicles, Leeds City Council took advantage of their on-site gas refuelling facilities and incorporated seven Volkswagen Caddy vans into their fleet. The bi-fuel vehicles run on CNG with a small petrol reserve and cover domestic repairs and maintenance at households in the city. The vehicles travel less than 70 miles per day so very much within their 300 mile range, supplying the council with a 3p per mile fuel cost saving.

Which other fleets are using CNG?

Tesco, Waitrose, Arla Foods, Balfour Beatty, Camden Council and more.

Next steps Go to the ‘What to do next?’ section at the end of this guide to find links to the further van advice sites and tools, including a map of UK gas refuelling stations.


18 19


Topic Sheet 5Biodiesel Vans

Technology Introduction Biodiesel is a renewable fuel produced from vegetable crops and/or used cooking oil, and is a low carbon alternative to fossil diesel. Today fuel suppliers are allowed to blend biodiesel, manufactured to the EN 14214 standard with regular road diesel up to 7%. This 7% blend, known as B7, is compatible with any vehicle. Some manufacturers design their vehicles to operate on higher biodiesel blends, normally up to a 30% blend (B30).

Fit for Purpose

• There are no operational restrictions. A vehicle running on biodiesel also maintains the ability to run on regular diesel, which can be used in the same tank.

• Vehicle payload and load space are unaffected.

• Biodiesel blends are mainly available from supplier facilities. If these are not convenient, a storage tank and dispenser can be installed at your depot.

• A vehicle’s fuel delivery system has to be designed to work with biodiesel and manufacturers will recommend more frequent maintenance.

• A good quality biodiesel, manufactured to the EN 14214 standard should be used.


• Tailpipe emissions are unaffected, but as biodiesel is a renewable fuel, fuel life cycle CO2

reductions of around 28% are available when using B30 manufactured from used cooking oil.

• Biodiesel vehicles normally emit less particulate matter with similar, or marginally increased, NOx emissions.

• You should ensure that biodiesel used is from sustainable sources. Biodiesel manufactured from used cooking oil has a very low environmental impact as it is a waste material and does not require additional food crops to be grown to produce it.

Market Status

• High blends of biodiesel are not widely supported by vehicle manufacturers, this coupled with greater maintenance frequencies and variable biodiesel costs means that higher blends of biodiesel are not widespread. Some manufacturers such as Peugeot and Citroen support blends of up to B30 in their HDi engine range.



Tailpipe CO2

Similar

Fuel life cycle CO2

28% saving (B30)

from used

cooking oil

Similar air quality

Similar noise


Miles on full tank

Same as diesel

Ideal operation

City, suburbs,

motorway.

Back to base

Example fleet

City and long

distance courier,

delivery, service

engineer


18 19



Biodiesel Vans


PeugeotPartner L1

1.6HDi 92 HP (Diesel)

Peugeot Partner L1

1.6HDi 92 HP (Biodiesel B30)

Vehicle:


Annual mileage:

20,000 miles

Ownership period:

5 years

Cost saving:

Similar cost

Whilst biodiesel can cost less than fossil diesel the additional maintenance requirements coupled with higher fuel

use (due to the lower energy content of biodiesel) means that whole life costs

can be similar.

Vehicle £14,628 £14,628

Fuel costs £9,268 £8,872

Road tax £700 £700





Whole life cost savings £36


All costs exclude VAT. Purchase Cost Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool. Fuel Consumption manufacturer’s literature with a 20% real-world small van uplift factor applied. Fuel Cost diesel 2015 average @ £0.96 per litre, biodiesel B100 @ £0.75 per litre (avg. from supplier research). Maintenance Cost Diesel from Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool with additional biodiesel maintenance items as advised by Peugeot Resale Value Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool Emissions UK Government fuel emission factors applied to estimated van fuel consumption.

Case Study

The London Borough of Hackney operates 38 trucks on B100 and a further 100 on a B30 blend of biodiesel and seeking to roll out the biodiesel programme to additional vehicles where possible. The uptake of biodiesel is being promoted through the Mayor’s Biodiesel Programme which aims to turn London’s used cooking oils, fats and greases into biodiesel to power London’s buses and public sector road fleets.

Norman Harding, Corporate Fleet Manager at Hackney notes “…providing that operators source good quality biodiesel that meets the EN14214 standard for B100 or EN16709 for B20/B30 blends from a reputable supplier then vehicles should operate trouble free.” Harding ensures that his biodiesel is all derived from waste but is free from animal fats as the animal fats can cause the fuel to ‘wax’ at very cold temperatures.

Harding also commented “There is a Well-to-Wheel carbon saving with the implementation of the B30 fleet, at no rise in maintenance costs.” He continued “The future of biodiesel as a fuel depends on messages from Government and groups such as the LoCity programme promoting its benefits in terms of CO

2 reduction and cost of infrastructure relative to other alternatives”. Harding believes that Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil

(HVO) is the future of sustainable liquid fuels. HVO is a renewable bio-fuel from waste with similar properties to standard diesel, its use requires no vehicle modifications or extra maintenance yet is > than 80% CO

2 efficient and is currently

recognised as a ‘drop in fuel’ by a growing number of vehicle manufacturers.

Which other fleets are using biodiesel?

Environment Agency, McDonald’s UK, Commercial Group and more.

Next steps Go to the ‘What to do next?’ section at the end of this guide to find links to the further van advice sites and tools, including a link to biodiesel station locations and pricing.


20 21


Topic Sheet 6Hydrogen Vans

Technology Introduction Hydrogen as a road transport fuel is taking its first steps to becoming commercially available in the UK. Hydrogen can be used to power a vehicle by burning it in an engine or to generate electricity through a Fuel Cell. Hydrogen is stored on a vehicle in compressed gas cylinders. Hydrogen vans are currently available in the following two retro-fit formats:

Dual fuel diesel-hydrogen can be fitted to large vans. In this system hydrogen and diesel are mixed in the engine and burnt together.

Fuel cell range extender can be fitted to a battery electric van. Here hydrogen is used to generate electricity on-board the vehicle to extend the van’s daily range.

Fit for Purpose

• Currently the number of hydrogen refuelling stations in the UK is very limited, thereby limiting the area in which a vehicle can be used (see ‘Links To Further Information’ at the end of this guide for a list of hydrogen stations).

• Using hydrogen in a dual fuel engine offers up to 200 miles hydrogen range, with the ability to then operate in normal diesel mode if a hydrogen station is not available.

• When used as a range extender hydrogen can double the range of a battery electric van.

• Payload is reduced by around 10% due to the additional weight of the hydrogen tanks but load space is normally not affected.


• Hydrogen releases no tailpipe CO2 when used to power a vehicle, and when used in a fuel

cell only water vapour is emitted.

• When hydrogen is combusted along-side other fuels, such as diesel, the hydrogen proportion reduces the vehicle’s tailpipe emissions.

• The fuel life cycle CO2 emissions of hydrogen vans depend on how the hydrogen is

manufactured and the technology used on the van. It can be worse than diesel when manufactured from fossil fuels (brown hydrogen), or have a very low carbon intensity when made from renewable energy (green hydrogen).

• In the whole life cost example opposite, the fuel cell range extended vehicle results in a 40% reduction in life cycle emissions when using brown hydrogen and a 50% saving against the diesel van when using green hydrogen.

Market Status

• The hydrogen van market is currently in its infancy with few fleets operating vehicles, however a number of new models have been released as the supporting infrastructure is commissioned across the UK. Retro-fit hydrogen systems are available from companies like ULEMCo and SymbioFCell.

• Hydrogen fuel and vans are currently more expensive than their diesel equivalent. Costs can be reduced when purchase grants are available and when operated in areas where environmental charges and restrictions are in place (such as the London Congestion Zone – see whole life cost example opposite).

• Hydrogen is seen as a key part of improving the environmental impact of transport and as such the UK Government and the EU offer funded demonstration activity that fleets can get involved in. See the ‘Getting Involved’ section at the end of this guide.



Tailpipe CO2

100% saving from

hydrogen use

Fuel life cycle CO2

Variable, depending

on hydrogen

manufacture and

vehicle technology

Good for air quality

Low noise


Miles on full tank

Technology

dependent

Ideal operation

City, suburbs,

limited motorway,

good access to

infrastructure

required

Example fleet

City courier, delivery,

service engineer


20 21


Topic Sheet 6 (continued) Hydrogen Vans


Kangoo Maxi

1.5dCi 90PS

(Diesel)

HyKangoo ZE Maxi (Battery Electric

with SymbioFCell Hydrogen Fuel Cell

Range Extender)

Vehicle:

2.2t Hydrogen Fuel Cell Range

Extended EV Van

Annual mileage:


Ownership period:

5 years

Cost saving:

£1,413 if used daily in the London

Congestion Charging Zone

The example shows a saving is available from the fuel cell range extended battery electric

van. The plug-in van grant, EU grant and daily free entry into the London Congestion Charging Zone combine to offer a positive

total cost of ownership.

In this example the vehicle covers 65 miles per day using electricity stored in the battery

through normal charging and 10 miles per day using electricity generated on-board from the

hydrogen range extender.

The range extender allows the whole capacity of the EV battery to be used every day, taking

full advantage of low cost grid electricity.

Because the cost of hydrogen from refuelling stations is currently high, cost savings will diminish if more miles are driven using the

on-board hydrogen fuel cell.

Vehicle £15,296 £45,899

Plug-in van grant discount £5,436

H2ME Grant discount £7,500

Fuel costs £9,268 £3,328

Road tax £700 £0





Whole life cost savings Not Available

If used in the London Congestion Zone (5 days /week )




All costs exclude VAT. Purchase Cost manufacturer’s data. H2ME Grant European vehicle subsidy (administered by vehicle supplier). Fuel Consumption diesel manufacturer’s literature with a 20% real-world small panel van uplift factor applied, battery electric daily range from real-world fleet data, fuel cell consumption from manufacturer’s data. Fuel Cost diesel 2015 average @ £0.96 per litre, electricity @ £0.11 per kWh, Hydrogen @ £10 per kg (Auto Express) Maintenance Cost Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool + £225 per annum for range extender Resale Value Commercial Fleet Van Running Cost tool + £2,250 buy back guarantee from SymbioFCell.

Case Study

The Commercial Group are a business service supply company with a strong environmental focus. Taking advantage of grant funding mechanisms to subsidise vehicle deployment the company now operate nine retro-fit dual fuel diesel-hydrogen Transit vans supplied by ULEMCo, which accounts for around half of their van fleet. The vans emit just 59g/km of CO

2 (over the regulated test cycle) meaning they are eligible for a 100% London Congestion Charge discount.

Commercial Group’s Andrew McKenzie explains the other benefits they are seeing operating the vehicles ‘Much of our new sales interest and existing customer base look to our environmental commitments when awarding contracts, which is very much part of our USP.’ Andrew continues ‘operating with dual fuel technology, and retaining the ability to have pure diesel operation as a fall back, was important to us in what remains an emerging hydrogen market’. Commercial Group operate the vans over repeatable delivery routes where access to public hydrogen refuelling stations is possible.

Next steps Go to the ‘What to do next?’ section at the end of this guide to find links to the further van advice sites and tools, including a link to biodiesel station locations and pricing.


Go to www.lowcvp.org.uk/lev

22 23


Best Practice - Making Existing Van Operations More Efficient

Whatever type of vans and fuels are used in your organisation,

focusing on understanding the day-to-day van performance and

making it more efficient will help to reduce fuel costs and emissions.

Fuel ManagementUnderstanding fuel usage in your fleet is the first step in reducing it. You could appoint a ‘Fuel Champion’ who will monitor and track fuel use and costs and drive fuel efficiency improvements.

Environmental

Benchmarking

Get involved with and learn best practice from other fleet operators. You can join a benchmarking scheme, such as EcoStars, or join one of the fleet operator associations.

Driver BehaviourThe first easy win when reducing fuel costs is through encouraging employees to drive more economically. This not only reduces your fuel bills, but has the additional effects of reduced accidents and maintenance costs.

Vehicle Maintenance

Maintaining your vehicles properly helps to keep them running efficiently. For example, a 20% drop in tyre pressure can result in a 2% increase in fuel consumption. Tyre labels provide an easy to understand indicator of tyre performance when it comes to fuel economy and wet grip.

Telematics

Installing telematics onto vehicles gives you an insight into your working patterns, allowing more efficient routing of vehicles, elimination of non-business mileage, highlighting areas for improvements, and vehicle or driver based performance reporting.

Eco Technology

A growing number of fuel reduction retro-fit technologies are available for fleet vehicles. The systems should save money and emissions and a reputable system provider should be able to prove this to you before you part with your money.

Driver aids such as the Ashwoods Lightfoot system, provide real time visual and audible feedback to the driver, improving driving behaviour which commonly results in CO

2 and fuel savings of between 10% and 20%. The system sends regular performance

reports to drivers and managers.

Speed limiters reduce fuel consumption by reducing the maximum driving speed. Driving at 70mph uses 9% more fuel than at 60mph and driving at 80mph uses 25% more fuel than driving at 70mph.


22 23


Low Emission Van Summary Matrix

The differences between the low emission van technologies discussed in this guide are summarised in the table

below. Key: Better than Diesel Similar to Diesel

Battery Electric PHEVCNG /

BiomethaneLPG

B30 Biodiesel

(30% Biodiesel

blend in

diesel)

Hydrogen

Whole life cost

Dependent on grant funding available to support early

market deploymentCost improvements dependent on annual mileage and ownership period

Financial

incentives

Vehicle and infrastructure funding. 100% London congestion charge discount. Regional council

schemes for discounted/free parking.

Reduced fuel duty rate

Reduced fuel duty rate

NoneNo fuel duty applied to hydrogen

Enhanced capital allowance OR Van grant on purchase. Reduced van benefit charge until

2020. No fuel duty applied. £0 road tax

No fuel duty applied to electricity

Market statusAvailable, around 15

models

One vehicle model only (Outlander

4Work)

Two models available

Conversions available for petrol vans

Some models warranted

for biodiesel use

Two retro-fit technologies

available

Example vehiclesNissan e-NV200, Renualt Kangoo, BD Auto eTrafic

Mitsubishi Outlander

4Work

Merc Sprinter, Iveco Daily

RetrofitPeugeot

Partner, Boxer

SymbioFCell (Fuel cell range

extended electric vans), ULEMCo

(dual fuel hydrogen-diesel)

Ideal operating

locationCity, suburbs

City, suburbs and occasional

motorwayCity, suburbs, motorway

Ideal refuelling

locationBack-to-base No restrictions Back-to-base

City, suburbs and occasional

motorway

Example useCity courier, light delivery and service

engineerCity and long distance courier, delivery, service engineer

City courier, delivery and

service engineer

Range between

refuelling

60 - 80 miles (small van),

80 - 100 miles (large van)

Around 30

electric miles, then petrol

reserve

Up to 300 miles, then petrol

reserve

Up to 300miles, miles, then

petrol reserve

Similar

Up to 150 - 200 miles between

hydrogen refuels

(technology dependent)

Payload impact5-25% reduction (model

dependent)

20% reduction

10% reduction

Similar

Similar

10% reduction

Refuelling

considerations

Public charging available but limited. Variable

charging times. Petrol reserve for plug-in hybrid

Limited public infrastructure

wWidespread infrastructure

Limited public infrastructure

Very limited public

infrastructure

Tailpipe CO2

emissions from

the vehicle

Zero emission

Zero emission when in battery electric mode

Similar when using natural gas

100% when using

biomethane

14% saving from petrol

28% saving

100% from pure hydrogen

operation

Fuel lifecycle CO2

emissions

35% saving

35% saving when in battery electric mode

Similar when using natural gas

over 60% from biomethane

20% saving from petrol

26% saving

Dependent on technology

and hydrogen source

Air quality

emissions

Zero emission

Zero emission when in battery electric mode

Good for air quality emissions


Similar


Ultra-Low Emission

Vehicle statusYes Yes No No No Yes


24 25


What To Do Next?Getting involved

Becoming an active part of the low emission van community

will help you to make the right decisions for your fleet.

The thought of moving your van or fleet to a new technology can be daunting. Sharing your concerns with

like-minded operators and talking to fleets who are already operating low emission vans will help to inform your

decisions and build confidence in the technologies. Below are just a few examples of the things you can do to

enable you to become more familiar with your low emission van choices.

Fleet operator associations Get involved with and join one of the fleet operator associations.

Attend workshops

and events

Organisations such as Fleet News, Freight in the City and the Energy Saving Trust hold events and webinars that inform the industry of lower carbon options.

Trial alternative

technologies

Talk to your local dealer and ask if you can have a trial vehicle on loan. Assess the benefits for yourself.

You can contact your council or transport authority to understand if there are any local schemes which could

benefit you. Funding from central government is being given to local projects, for example.

Go-Ultra Low Cities Four UK cities (Nottingham, Bristol, Milton Keynes and London) have all

received funding to become exemplar cities in green technology and promote the use of plug-in

vehicles.

LoCity is a 5-year programme by TfL to accelerate the adoption of low emission commercial

vehicles in London. This includes the demonstration of vehicle and fuelling solutions, followed by

mass rollout as the vehicles’ real-world applicability is proven.

Operators are encouraged to get involved in LoCity industry working groups to assist TfL in making effective policy

and programme decisions, guiding and taking part in technology demonstrations, infrastructure placement and

the development of procurement requirements.

Case Study - Making the most of funding

The Commercial Group are a business service supply company with a strong environmental focus. The company wanted to act as a pioneer by integrating innovative future focused low carbon technology into their fleet. Following a successful trial of an early demonstration retro-fit hydrogen Transit van in 2012, the company investigated ways of introducing this technology into fleet operations. With a focus on reducing the ownership costs of operating the vans, Commercial Group partnered with the vehicle supplier to bid for UK research, development and demonstration funding. After successfully winning funding through two separate programmes, they now operate retro-fit dual fuel diesel-hydrogen Transit vans out of their depots in London and Swindon. Commercial Group’s Andrew McKenzie comments ‘Introducing these vans into commercial operations was not an overnight decision. We started with a short duration trial and over the years as we have become more confident in the technology and supply chain we have gradually increased the number of vans we operate’.


24 25


Assess The Savings For Yourself

The VC3 Van Cost & Carbon CalculatorReview the cost and carbon performance of low emission vans over your operating conditions by entering some

simple information into the VC3 Van Cost & Carbon Calculator. The tool will present you with a tailored report

showing the cost and emission impact of operating different types of vans in your fleet.

Pick your

• van size

• typical driving routes

• driving style

• payload

• congestion charge payment

• number of years you want

to own your vehicle

• annual mileage

Discover your

• whole life cost savings

• emission savings

Van Cost & CarbonCalculator

Go to www.lowcvp.org.uk/lev


26 27


Links To Further Information

Some useful links to further information on each topic covered in this guide are provided below, once you

have done some of your own research, it’s time to contact your local dealer and start saving money, saving the

environment and improving your fleet image!

General Advice And Calculator Tools

www.lowcvp.org.uk/levThe Low Emission Van Hub on the LowCVP website provides advice for operators looking to make the switch to low emission vans.

www.cenex.co.uk/vc3Cenex provides a tool for allowing operators to calculate emission and cost savings available from alternatively fuelled vans

www.vanchooser.netVan Chooser allows users to search for a van type that meets their requirements and can display list price, emission performance, fuel costs and much more

http://www.commercialfleet.

org/tools/van/running-costs/

The Commercial Fleet website has whole life cost and emission calculator tools, best practice case studies and much more

www.ukconversionfactors

carbonsmart.co.uk

The UK Conversion Factors site provides official UK Government recommended factors for converting your fuel use into carbon emissions

Battery Electric And Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles

www.zap-map.comZap Map contains a list of publically available charge points, vehicle model availability and charge point provider contact details

www.goultralow.comThe Go Ultra Low web site provides information about switching to ultra-low emission vehicles and vehicle availability

www.ukevse.org.ukUKEVSE, the electric vehicle supply equipment association, provide a guide for procuring charge points including equipment considerations and location choice

www.gov.uk/government/

publications/plug-in-van-grant

The Office for Low Emission Vehicles (OLEV) provides a list of vans that are eligible for the Plug-in Van Grant

LPG Vehicles

www.drivelpg.co.ukDrive LPG provides advice and information about converting to LPG including a list of approved installers and UK refuelling stations

CNG Vehicles

www.gasvehiclehub.orgThe Gas Vehicle Hub provides a map of UK CNG refuelling stations, a list of vehicle model availability and gas vehicle case studies plus much more

Biodiesel Vehicles

www.biodieselfillingstations

.co.uk

Biodiesel Filling Stations provides a list of filling stations and biodiesel blends available by UK area, with links to suppliers websites where many show pricing and other information

Hydrogen Vehicles

www.netinform.net/H2/

H2Stations

A map showing the location of UK (and global) hydrogen filling stations, with supporting information

The information and advice given is based on a range of public domain sources, data supplied by companies, in-house knowledge and analysis

and engagement with stakeholders. While the information is provided in good faith, the ideas and analysis presented in this guide report must

be subject to further investigation, and take into account other factors not presented here, before being taken forward. Therefore the authors

disclaim liability for any investment decisions made on the basis of this guide.


26 27


Notes


The Low EmissionVan Guide

Helping van operatorsto reduce costs and emissions

Low CarbonVehicle Partnership

3 Birdcage WalkLondonSW1H 9JJ

[email protected] I www.lowcvp.org.uk+44 (0)20 7304 6880

CENEX

Advanced TechnologyInnovation CentreOakwood Drive, LoughboroughLeicestershire LE11 3QF

[email protected] I www.cenex.co.uk+44 (0)1509 635750

The LowCVP, which was established in 2003, is a public-private partnership working to accelerate a sustainable

shift to lower carbon vehicles and fuels and create opportunities for UK business. Around 200 organisations

are engaged from diverse backgrounds including automotive and fuel supply chains, vehicle users, academics,

environment groups and others.

LowCVP members have the opportunity to:

• Connect: With privileged access to information, you’ll gain insight into low carbon vehicle policy

development and into the policy process.

• Collaborate: You’ll benefit from many opportunities to work – and network - with key UK and EU

government, industry, NGO and other stakeholders.

• Influence: You’ll be able to initiate proposals and help to shape future low carbon vehicle policy,

programmes and regulations.

Cenex was established in 2005 as the UK’s first Centre of Excellence for Low Carbon and Fuel Cell technologies. Cenex was established in 2005 as the UK’s first Centre of Excellence for Low Carbon and Fuel Cell technologies. Cenex

Today Cenex operates as an independent not-for-profit consultancy specialising in the delivery of projects,

supporting innovation and market development, focused on low carbon vehicles and associated energy

infrastructure.

ConnectCollaborate Influence


battery electric biodiesel natural gas/ hydrogen plug-in ... · liquefied petroleum gas plug-in...

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