battles of the american revolution · 2020-01-03 · battle of bunker hill during: british planned...
TRANSCRIPT
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BATTLES OF THE AMERICAN
REVOLUTION
TURNING POINT
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Team Building
What was the most enjoyable thing
you did over winter break?
What was your favorite memory from
2019?
What is your number one wish for
2020?
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Do Now
Which side would have been more likely to win the
Revolutionary War, the British or the Colonists?
Why?
What is a turning point?
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TURNING POINT
TURNING POINT:
An event or battle that significantly changes the
outcome of history.
QUESTION:
What battle was the turning point of the Revolutionary
War?
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BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL
Before:
British controlled
Boston
Continental militiamen
(citizen soldiers)
wanted to take Boston
and fortified hill
around the city.
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BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL
During:
British planned on attacking hill to break siege. They marched up hill (arrogant move)
Continentals fought off first couple of attacks but eventually retreated
After:
British lost over a 1000 men during attack (heavy losses)
Colonists did not control Boston but showed courage and grew in confidence they could fight the British
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British evacuate Boston
Knox takes 60 tones of artillery over numerous
mountain ranges
Over 10,000 militiamen along with artillery
surround the city of Boston
British forced to evacuate Boston
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DEFENSE OF NEW YORK
Washington’s advisors said not to defend NYC
British controlled the water, so they could attack from anywhere…
Washington ignores and nearly entire army is destroyed
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BATTLE OF LONG ISLAND
BEFORE:
British General Howe sends 20,000 troops into Long Island
George Washington sends roughly 10,000 troops to slow down the British advance on Manhattan
DURING:
Over 2000 Continentals troops are lost (killed or captured)
British only lose 300 men (with more troops still to land 15,000 roughly)
AFTER:
Washington realizes he cannot hold NYC and is forced to retreat
British control NYC
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BATTLE OF TRENTON
BEFORE:
Washington retreated from NY with British following
Of the 5000 men fit to fight less than a 1/3 planned to
stay after enlistment ended
DURING:
Washington crossed Delaware River on Christmas night
2400 Americans attacked and caught Hessians
(Germans hired by England) by surprise.
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BATTLE OF TRENTON
AFTER:
918 soldiers captured
Only handful of
Continentals killed
Captured much
needed supplies
Many colonists re-
enlisted
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BATTLE OF PRINCETON
BEFORE:
Cornwallis (B) wanted to retake Trenton
Washington able to avoid larger encounter
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BATTLE OF PRINCETON
DURING:
Washington attacked Cornwallis’ flank
Cornwallis turned back to attack by Washington escaped
AFTER:
Continentals lost 40, British lost 500
Cornwallis retreated to NY
Continentals' gained respect and more colonist enlisted
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BATTLE OF BRANDYWINE CREEK
BEFORE:
Howe (B) wanted to
control Philadelphia
(colonial capital)
Washington (C) put
guards at river
crossings to stop Howe
foggy
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BATTLE OF BRANDYWINE CREEK
DURING:
British sent men to attack as a diversion
Howe surprised Washington’s flank
AFTER:
Both sides suffered heavy losses
Colonists lost Philadelphia
Washington’s troops went from 15000 to 6000
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SARATOGA
BEFORE:
British strategy= split
the colonies by
controlling the Hudson
River
First battle=draw
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SARATOGA
DURING:
Burgoyne (B) held fort
but had less men 7000
Gates (C) had more
men 10000
Burgoyne (B) realizing
no reinforcements were
coming attacked
Continentals countered
and drove British back
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SARATOGA
AFTER:
Burgoyne (B) forced to
surrendered over
5000 men
Victory convinced
France to join war and
help the colonies
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VALLEY FORGE
DURING:
Continentals suffered in harsh winter encampments
Lacked supplies
German volunteer (Steuben) trained Continentals Army
AFTER:
These troops never lost another battle
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BATTLE OF MONMOUTH, NJ
BEFORE:
British planned to
retreat from
Philadelphia to NYC
British worried about
French attack on NY
Washington caught
British on the move
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BATTLE OF MONMOUTH
DURING:
Washington sent General Charles Lee (C) ahead to engage British
Lee retreated (Washington rallied troops)
Washington led counterattack
AFTER:
Tie
Even casualties
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BATTLE OF CAMDEN, SC
BEFORE:
Continentals control North, British control South
Continentals hastily organized inexperienced army to take back SC
DURING:
Engaged smaller British force
Many Americans fled first battle
AFTER: Americans lost over 1000
British lost 300
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VALLEY FORGE ANALYSIS
What was life like for soldiers who were stationed
at Valley Forge?
Was it good or bad?