FINANCIAL AID REQUEST FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF THE WORKSHOP

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EU ENLARGEMENT AND STATE BUILDING IN THE BALKANS – A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

WHAT FUTURE FOR BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA AND KOSOVO ?

Association Bourgogne Balkans Express (Loi 1901) in association with SciencesPo. Paris, undergraduate campus of Dijon

FOREWORD Ever since its creation in 2006, the association Bourgogne Balkans Express has been devoted to promoting relations between the European Union and the Western Balkans. Its objective is to raise the public’s awareness of the issues related to the countries of the region and the perspective of their integration into the European Union. Through the organization of numerous conferences, field trips and workshops, the Association has progressively developed itself a wide network of institutional players and eminent European and Balkans experts. In 2008, the Association organized a workshop on the delicate question of Kosovo, entitled “From the International Protectorate to a Redefinition of International Engagement.” The following year, a second workshop had a more regional perspective, focusing on “Stabilisation and Integration Perspectives for the Western Balkans.” Finally, in 2009, the Association’s goal was to establish an overview of the EU integration process, through the workshop entitled “The Western Balkans’ EU Accession: Evaluating a Process.” The three workshops took place in the Town Hall of Dijon, at the Burgundy Regional Council and at the premier cycle de Sciences Po Paris in Dijon, specializing in the Central and Eastern Europe zone. The conclusions of the debates have been published in the Balkans and in Europe, to assist researchers, students and experts concerned with the future of this region1. Following the success of the former events, the Association is organizing, in partnership with the premier cycle of Sciences Po Paris in Dijon, a new workshop, this time focusing on the future of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo, two countries which, due to their institutional, economical and ethnic complexities, embody the difficulties which the region is facing. This year, students from the Balkan countries will be invited and will come to enrich the debate with the knowledge and experience they’ve acquired in their respective home countries. The objective is to bring together eminent experts from the Balkans and the rest of Europe, to liven up a debate on the future of these unaccomplished states that will soon have to – particularly in view of their accession to the European Union – set in motion important reforms, economical as well as institutional. Through this initiative, the 1 The publications are available at the following addresses:

http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/serbia/kosovo/redefining_international_engagement_in_kosovo_en.pdf

http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/publication/stabilisation_and_integration_perspectives_for_the_western_balkans_en.pdf

http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/publication/20100609_att4639135.pdf

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association wants to sensitize the public of Dijon and Burgundy to the problems pertaining to the Balkans, reinforce the European spirit of the city of Dijon, and underline the uniqueness of the relations between Burgundy and the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Mr. Pierre Mirel, Director at the General Direction for enlargement of the European Commission said: “Dijon will assert itself as an inescapable rendezvous in the debate on one of the great politics of the European Union, that of enlargement”2.

2 Introductory speech to the workshop on « perspectives for stabilisation and integration of the Western Balkans », Dijon, 21, April 2009.

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CONTENTS

I. Context

II. Definition of the main objective

III. Secondary objectives

IV. Schedule

V. Detailed organization of the workshop

VI. Round tables, topics and potential participants

VII. Budget

VIII. Contacts

Annexes : History / Previous publications

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I. Context

After a global study of the Balkans region through the three previous workshops, the association wishes this year to focus on just two countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo. These countries will offer an excellent case study in view of their institutional, economic and ethnic complexities. Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo are facing obstacles already met by other states in the region on their paths to EU accession. Fifteen years after the signing of the Dayton Treaty that marked the end of a bloody war, Bosnia and Herzegovina is still in a precarious situation. Economically, the country still hasn’t been able to attain its pre-war life standard while institutionally it presents an exclusive and extremely complex political system. This system needs to be reformed, possibly even entirely replaced, if Bosnia wants to see its European aspirations fulfilled. The persistence of ethnic tensions within the country has been brought to the forefront during the last elections, in October 2010. February 17, 2008, Kosovo declared its independence after having enjoyed a status of international protectorate for almost 10 years, according to the UN resolution 1244. However, not all countries of the international community and the EU recognize Kosovo, and Serbia is still defending its territorial integrity. Economically, Kosovo remains Europe’s poorest state while from an institutional point of view it still has a long way to go in terms of reforms to even think of integrating into the European Union. This is all the more true since the political crisis of 2010 has exacerbated the difficulties Kosovo is facing. The perspective of European integration is an important impetus for reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo. In order to fulfil the Copenhagen criteria, these two countries must reform their economical and political systems and harmonise their legislative according to European law. If Kosovo and Bosnia and Herzegovina present two distinct debates, their attachment to the European Union draws them closer together. Both seem however far removed from accession. The objective of this workshop will therefore be to dwell deeper into the issues related to these two unaccomplished states and to launch a debate in order to produce concrete proposals concerning possible measures to promote their path into Europe. The debate will be articulated around three major questions: the strategy of the European Union in the region, the institutional reforms that are to be carried out and the solutions to break current economic deadlock in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo. An introductive conference will focus on the European strategy in the

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Balkans and more precisely in Kosovo and Bosnia. On this occasion, we would like to include an intervention from a highly-ranked representative of the European Union in order to launch the debate on the actions, implications and strategies of the EU in the Balkans. The round tables that will gather eminent Balkans experts will revolve mainly around two principal questions: the institutional aspect and the economical aspect. Institutional issues will play an important part in the workshop. In Bosnia, what future is there for the Dayton Treaty? How can the Constitution be reformed? What conclusions can be drawn from the October 2010 elections? How can a renewed friendship between the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Serbian Republic of Bosnia be promoted? How can the security cooperation between Bosnia and the international forces of NATO and the EU be evaluated? In Kosovo, how can the questions related to the non-recognition of the states by five of the twenty-five European states be handled? How can transparency be promoted and the government’s responsibility increased? What conclusions can be drawn from the December 2010 elections? How can the organization of international presence in Kosovo be evaluated? In Bosnia like in Kosovo, the economy remains very fragile. How can the economic difficulties these two countries face be overcome? How can the transition between a micro economical logic to a macro economical logic be made? What reforms should be set in motion in order to decrease the unemployment rates? How can the competitiveness of enterprises be improved to meet the demands of the European market? How can a positive balance of trade be attained? How can a better economical cooperation between countries in the region be promoted? This year’s workshop will try to answer these numerous questions that showcase the complexity of the process of European integration. The analysis of these two countries will allow drawing parallels between their particular issues and those of the rest of the Balkan states. The integration of the Balkans in the European Union must go through a deep knowledge and understanding of the region. The ambition of our workshop is to contribute to it.

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II. Definition of the Main Objective

The workshop’s objective is to gather, in a single event, renowned experts in different fields concerning Bosnia and Kosovo and more generally the Western Balkans, in order to create a genuine exchange of ideas, information, political visions, but also to contribute a technical illumination of the countries’ futures. In parallel to this reflexion on the Balkans’ future, the association Bourgogne Balkans Express wishes to bring to the attention of Sciences Po students and Burgundy’s public the complexity of the subject, thus offering a pedagogical dimension to the project. This year, we would also like to invite students from Balkan countries to attend the workshop so that the academic and cultural exchange can be truly significant. These students will attend the conferences and round tables as part of the public and will animate a debate that will allow confronting the different opinions of the Balkans youth. The academic setting of Sciences Po offers one of the most adapted environments for this type of event: the aim of our debate will be to confront different points of view and it will appeal to analytical discourse in order to lead a constructive and objective reflexion. The experts solicited during this workshop will be invited to submit proposals and concrete solutions on precise subjects. These contributions will form the object of a publication that will be widely distributed, in electronic as well as in printed form, for the use of researchers, students, national and international experts attentive to the evolution of the region and the European questions that are raised there.

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III. Secondary objectives

Aside from the organization of a constructive debate led by experts, the increasing of the public awareness to the issues of the future of Bosnia, Kosovo and the Balkans, and the publications relating the workshop’s conclusions, we have also defined more concrete objectives: - To attain a profound analysis and concrete and pragmatic proposals destined for European and national authorities; - To determine and discuss different juridical, political and social challenges which the EU, Bosnia and Kosovo will have to face in a near future; - To measure the costs, the objectives and the coherence of European policies in these countries; - To confront the students with a specialists’ debate, all the while making them aware of the challenges that stem from the European Union’s engagement in the region. Furthermore, the fourth edition of our project is taking on a new dimension: satisfying the particular character of our organization whose goal is to promote relations between Burgundy and the Balkans on one hand, and on the other to associate itself to projects led by the region of Burgundy and the Dijon town Hall. The Association also aims to organize, on the workshop fringes, a series of events that will have for objective to acquaint the people of Dijon to the future of the Western Balkans. The public of Dijon will be able to profit from the presence of our guests and the quality of the interventions. More concretely, this means: - To organize, before and after the workshop, conferences, projections of films/documentaries, open to the public; - To show the Balkans students the city of Dijon as well as Burgundy and allow them to participate in a debate concerning their respective countries, led by experts from entire Europe; - To organize meetings between the local authorities and the participants of the workshop; - To help discover to the participants of the workshop the riches of Burgundy, by organizing a visit and a tasting along the wine route.

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IV. SCHEDULE (TEMPORARY)

The workshop will take place Tuesday April 12, 2011 in the buildings of Sciences Po Paris in Dijon – specialized in the Central and Eastern Europe zone, including the Balkan countries and welcoming students from more than twenty different states –, the Regional Council of Burgundy and the Dijon Town Hall. The organization of the project is divided into three steps: A. Research and organization (December – March) During this period, members of the association Bourgogne Balkans Express will commit to: - making contact with experts concerned by the subject of the workshop - find funding - promote the project B. Course of the workshop If the workshop takes place in the week of April 12 2011, the film projections and conferences will take place prior to the event. The workshop will take place in the buildings of Sciences Po Paris in Dijon, the Regional Council of Burgundy and the Dijon Town Hall. The week will include:

- The workshop, which will take place over the course of one day - The meetings between the guests and the Burgundy

representatives - The projections of films/documentaries

The conferences organized by the association Bourgogne Balkans Express but also by other associations

The workshop participants, in total eighteen and of whom approximately a half will be from the Balkans, will be divided around two round tables which will treat several predefined subjects and will be accessible to Sciences Po students and guests such as representatives of the diplomatic corps of Balkan countries. C. Publication (early June 2011) The publication of works produced by the workshop will take place in several stages: - layout and publication - promotion and distribution

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V. Detailed organization of the workshop (to be confirmed)

Day Events/Schedule Potential participants Place

Wednesday April 6th

Projection of the film “Na putu “ by Jasmila Zbanic (Bosnia and

Herzegovina) 20h

Public of Dijon Eldorado Cinema

Sunday April 10th

Projection of the film “A View from the Bridge” by Laura

Bialis 20h

Public of Dijon Eldorado Cinema

Monday April 11th

Introductive conference

18h

« The Western Balkans, 20 years after the independence of Croatia

and Slovenia» Jacques Rupnik, CERI

The campus of Sciences Po Paris in Dijon

Opening conference 9h-10h30

M. Stefan Füle, European Enlargment commissioner

“What results for the EU strategy in the Western Balkans?”

Regional Council of Burgundy

Round Tables 11h00 – 16h30

Workshop participants and moderators Dijon Town Hall

Closing conference 17h - 18h00 Round table moderators Campus of Sciences Po

Paris in Dijon

“Balkans Youth presents itself”

21h

Students explain what it means to be a young person from the

Balkans today

Wine Bar “La part des Anges”, Rue Vauban,

Dijon

Tuesday April 12th

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VI. Round tables, themes and potential participants

The workshop will be organized around two round tables:

Round table n°1: Bosnia & Herzegovina

1) A balance sheet of the articulation between multi-ethnicity and democracy in Bosnia What are the perspectives for Constitutional reform? Do the results of the 2010 elections change the situation? How to explain the persistence of the nationalist parties’ success? What place is there for new emerging parties like Naša Stranka? How to accelerate the census law, in compliance with the European Convention on Human Rights? 2) The visa liberalisation process: a vector for improving internal institutional abilities? To which extent has the visa liberalisation contributed to setting in motion reforms for better governance? Could the policy of comparing Bosnia with neighbouring countries favour reforms? Could the means by which the EU exerts pressure over the issue of visa liberalisation be used in situations involving other EU policies? How can we be certain that the post-visa-liberalisation monitoring would be carried out efficiently? 3) International presence in the region: what benefits and restrictions in the state-building framework? Are the present international forces sufficiently coordinated? Can the passing of the control over country’s security from NATO to the EU be considered satisfactory? How can the remaining role of NATO in Bosnia today be evaluated? How does the population perceive the European presence? What are the consequences of diminishing the staff of the OHR? Is maintaining the OHR relevant today? When will Bosnia be able to guarantee the country’s security itself? 4) Economic reform and the perspective of a single economic space How can the country be stabilised on a macro economic level? How can a privatisation policy and property reform be attained? What reforms must take place in order to make Bosnian enterprises competitive within the European economy? What are the assessments of the regional cooperation? What benefits and what restrictions are there for the creation of a single economic space between the two entities?

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Moderator ► Piotr Smolar, Le Monde Exponents

► Nenad Stojanovic, political scientist, expert on constitutional reform in Bosnia & Herzegovina, Zentrum für Demokratie Aarau. ► Alexandra Stiglmayer, Senior Analyst and General Secretary at the ESI ► Florian Bieber, political scientist, expert for the Balkans region ► Fikret Causevic, Member of the Governing Board of the Central Bank of Bosnia & Herzegovina

Participants

► Tanja Fajon, European Deputy, Rapporteur on visa liberalisation ► Srdjan Dizdarevic, Former president of the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Bosnia and Herzegovina, member of Nasa Stranka ► Paola Pampaloni, Chief of the Bosnia and Herzegovina unit within the enlargement DG of the European Commission ► Alex Vahlas, Former advisor for SFOR in Bosnia & Herzegovina

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Round table n°2 : Kosovo

1) Kosovo governance after its independence: what assessments? What assessments can be made concerning the December 2010 elections? How can the problem of representation of the Serbian minority be resolved? What role can emerging parties like “Fryma e Re” play in Kosovo? What are the relations between Kosovo and the Albanian populations across the borders? How much importance should the Greater Albania claims be given? 2) The benefits of a plan for visa liberalisation in Kosovo What would the consequences of visa liberalisation for Kosovo whose neighbours already benefit from it be? Does Kosovo run the risk of becoming the last “European ghetto”? What obstacles remain for visa liberalisation and when could it be contemplated? 3) The efficiency of the presence of international forces in Kosovo What is the current assessment for the EULEX mission of the past two years? What control does it exert over the North of Kosovo? How can the local population’s perception of this mission be evaluated – is EULEX perceived as a new UNMIK? What are the consequences of the decrease of KFOR troops? What is the current assessment of the cooperation between Kosovo and international authorities? 4) Leaving a precarious economical situation: the reforms to be set in motion How can regional cooperation between Kosovo and other Balkan countries be intensified? What is the current assessment of the privatisation of state companies? How can the exploitation of natural resources in Kosovo be improved? How can the quality of education and professional careers of young people be improved?

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Moderator

►Tim Judah, Journalist, The Economist

Exponents

► Gordana Delić, Director of the Balkan Trust for Democracy, Belgrade ►Eduard Kukan, European deputy, Chair of Delegation for relations with Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro. ► Engjellushe Morina, IKS executive director ►Alan Paic, OCDE, Administrator of Investment Compact for South East Europe.

Participants

►Pierre Mirel, Director of the DG enlargement, European Commission ► General Erhard Bühler, Commander of KFOR forces ► Shqipe Mjekiqi, Political advisor for European integration of the Kosovo President ► Dick Marty, Rapporteur on Kosovo and Member of the Parliamentary Assembly of Council of Europe

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VII. Budget

Expenses Detail Expenditure Revenue

Secretarial expenses Administrative 150 € Mail 150 € Organizational trips 250 € Telephone 200 €

BBExpress 750€

Subtotal : 750 € 750 €

Transport and accommodation expenses

6 participants from the Balkans / 5 participants from Brussels / 5 participants from Paris/ 2 participants from London Airplane: Sarajevo – Paris (return)

2 participants x 500 €

1000 € Pristina – Paris (return) 3 participants x 500 €

1500 €

Belgrade – Paris (return) 1 participant x 450 € 450 €

RER Airport – Gare de Lyon (AR)

6 participants from the Balkans x 20 € 120 €

Train :

Brussels – Dijon (return) 5 participants from Brussels x 140 €

700 €

Paris – Dijon (return) 69 participants from the Balkans x 80 €

480 €

Paris – Dijon (return)

54 participants from Paris x 80 €

400 €

Londres-Dijon 2 participants from London x 150 €

300 €

Paris – Dijon (return) 6 organizers x 40 € 240 €

Accommodation:

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1 night in Paris (Hotel Lyon Bastille)

6 participants from the Balkans x 115 €

690 €

2 nights in Dijon (Hotel du Nord Dijon)

2 x (6 participants from the Balkans x 100)

1200 €

2 nights in Dijon (Hotel du

Nord Dijon)

2 x (5 participants from Paris + 5 from Brussels+ 2 from London x

100) 2400 €

Meals:

dinner night in Paris and lunch 1st day in Dijon

6 participants from the Balkans x 30 € 180 €

Dinner 1st evening in Dijon 30 people x 25 € 750 €

Lunch and dinner in Dijon on the 2nd day

Lunch 30 people x 15 € + dinner 30 people x 40 € 1650 €

Buffet break 2nd day (coffee, cake) 200 €

Lunch and dinner in Dijon on the 3rd day

Lunch 30 people x 30 € + dinner 30 people x 30 € 1800 €

Transport :

Dijon Taxi 100€ Bus rental 180€

Visa for participants from Kosovo 3 participants x 40 € 120€

Subtotal : 15 210 €

Transport and accommodation expenses for Balkan students: 10 participants

Airplane

Tirana – Paris (return) 3 x 500 1500 € Sarajevo – Paris (return) 3 x 500 1500 € Skopje - Paris 2 x 500 1000 € Belgrade - Paris 2 x 500 1000 € Paris – Dijon (return) 10 students x 80 € 800 €

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Accommodation: (covered by Sciences Po)

10 students

Meals

Dinner 1st evening in Dijon 10 people x 25 € 2500 € Lunch at dinner in Dijon on the 2nd day

Lunch 10 people x 15 € + dinner 10 people x 550 €

Visa expenses for Kosovo students 3 students x 40 € 120 €

Subotal :8970 €

Film projections Copyright and renting of the screening room at Eldorado Cinema

2 x 300 € 600 €

Subtotal : 600 €

Printing expenses Final publication 40 copies of 50 pages 1400 € Publication layout + Internet upload

50 €

Subtotal : 1450 €

Total (without unforeseen expenses): 26 230 €

Unforeseen expenses (5 % of the total)

1311,5 €

Total : 27541,5 €

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VIII. Contacts – Association Bourgogne Balkans Express

• Céline ANTONINI, President Contact : celine.antonini@sciences-po.org +41.76.596.60.40 • Blandine CLERC, Vice-president Contact : blandine.clerc@gmail.com +381.63.70.44.348 • Elena CHUTROVA, General secretary Contact : Elena.chutrova@sciences-po.org • Hélène LEGAY, Treasurer +33.(0)6.81.14.08.24 Contact : helene.legay@sciences-po.org • Veselin Penchev, in charge of communications penchev.veselin@gmail.com • Kristine Lunde-Tellefsen, Joint-treasurer +33.(0)6.98.97.11.83 kristine.lundetellefsen@sciences-po.org Write to us Association Bourgogne Balkans Express (loi 1901) Premier cycle de Sciences Po Paris à Dijon 14 Avenue Victor Hugo 21000 Dijon FRANCE

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Annexes : History/ Previous publications

The Association Bourgogne Balkans Express was created in 2005 on the initiative of two Sciences Po students, of Albanian and Serbian nationality. Its objective is to organize various activities promoting the relations between the European Union and the Balkans. In 2006, several conference-debates open to Dijon’s public were organized to raise the awareness to issues related to the Balkans and the EU. In April of the same year, an excursion of one week in the Balkans was offered to thirty-four students of the Dijon campus of Sciences Po. In 2007, the association took part in organizing a festival, the Festi’Balkans in Dijon. Among the proposed events were: a photography exhibition entitled “Faces from the Balkans” and the projection of a film by A. Peeva, “Whose is this song?” (Adela-Media 2003). In 2008, the members of the association Bourgogne Balkans Express entered a new stage by gathering researchers and experts of different horizons, European and Balkan, through various events engaging in reflexion on the issues and perspectives of the Balkans region. In May 2008, a workshop was dedicated to the Kosovo question: “From the international protectorate to a redefinition of international engagement.” http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/serbia/kosovo/redefining_international_engagement_in_kosovo_en.pdf The following year, a second workshop on “Stabilisation and integration perspectives for the Western Balkans”, was organized at the campus of Sciences Po Paris in Dijon. http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/publication/stabilisation_and_integration_perspectives_for_the_western_balkans_en.pdf In 2010, a third workshop focused on “Accession of the Western Balkans to the EU: evaluating a process.” http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/publication/20100609_att4639135.pdf

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