bba part1_1 (gajaseni, 2001)1 man and environment asst. dr. nantana gajaseni
TRANSCRIPT
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What is environment?
Q. What is environment? A. It depends!
Q. Depends on what? A. Depends on "Environment
of whom?"
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Q. How about “environment of human”?
A.Wait and see!
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Q. Who is "human"? A. Wait until the next section!
Q. Is human a living object? A. ?
BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001) 5The human animal
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Q 1. What is living object?
Q 2. What are differences
between living and non-living
objects?
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A. From biological perspective:
Life = biosystems organized by
interactions between biological
components interacting with physical
environments, and become a unified
whole with capacity to maintain
homeostasis and self-perpetuation
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Sign of life
1. Highly complex organization = all other characteristics of life emerge from an organism’s complex organization
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2. Self-homeostasis =
Self-maintenance of a
steady-state internal
environment in the
variations of
external
environment.
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3. Self-perpetuation
= Life comes only from life.
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4. Growth and development = the increment of volume and changes in structure and functions to suit with new form of life
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Insert larva picture
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5. Interactions = Life needs energy and matter utilization for maintenance of life
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6. Adaptation = Life evolve as a result of the interaction between organisms and their environments
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7. Response = Life adjusts itself to the environment.
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From biological perspective, these are biological spectrum
Biotic components
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รู�ป biotic component
Cell
Gene Org
an
Organism
Populations
Communities
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Biotic components cannot survive in isolation.
They must interact with physical
or a biotic environments.
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Generalized diagram of inputs, throughputs, and outputs in a system
System Throughputs (flows)
System InputsSystem Outputs
Information
Energy
Matter
Information
Energy
Matter
Useless information
Waste heat
Waste matter
Useless information
Waste heat
Waste matter
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Interaction between each biotic
level with physical environment
through energy, matter, and
information produces
characteristic functional system.
"Biosystem" or "life"
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Organizational hierarchy in nature
can be seen from "universe"
down to "subatomic particles".
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รู�ป solar system
Milky way
Galaxy
Universe
Solar system
Earth
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The natural world is organized,
diverse, dynamic, and yet
complex.
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Q. How can life be seen in nature?
A. A hierarchy of
organization of matter.
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Fig 3-6
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Then, there is hierarchy
of biosystems.
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Q. What is the determinant of life?
A. Environment by
evolutionary processes.
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Fig 20’
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Q. How did life emerge on the Earth?
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Fig 8-11 (21’)
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Transparency 78
Fig 6-5 summary of the evolution of the earth and its life.
Chemical evolution
1 billion years
Biological evolution3.7 billion
years
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Q. Is human a hierarchy of organization of matter?
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Q. What is the difference of
“interaction between man and e
nvironment” and “interaction
between other organisms and e
nvironment”?
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A. Organisms adapt themselves
to the environments.
While
“Human modify environments to
suit themselves ”.
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Human environment
2 groups
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1. Natural environment: 4 spheres
1.1 Biosphere = Space occupied by life
1.2 Atmosphere = Space occupied by air
1.3 Lithosphere = Space occupied by solid
1.4 Hydrosphere = Space occupied by
water
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How do the 4 spheres really exist?
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Atmosphere
HydrosphereLithosphere
Ecosphere
Biosphere
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2. Man-made environment
2.1 Anthropogenic ecosystems
2.2 Physical structures
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What are the Functions of Natural Environment?