6th ICCT Workshop on

Marine Black Carbon Emissions

17th of September 2019

Helsinki, Finland

Dr. Daniel Peitz

BC AFTER DIESEL

PARTICULATE FILTERS

KEY FACTS

Turnover CHF 64.5 Mio.*

Employees 250

Headquarters Elsau, Switzerland

Subsidiaries US, NL, DE, IT, CN

Certification ISO 9001 / DIN EN 15085

*2018

Turnover € 17.5 billion*

Employees 122.000

Headquarters Nanterre, France

More than 300 sites including 35 R&D

centers in 37 countries

*2018

INNOVATION FOR YOU

BASED ON EXPERIENCE

1988

Urea-operated

DeNOx System ,

Schaffhausen

1983

Foundation

Company

1993

COdiNOx

System,

Zuurbier

2003

Serial order DPF,

SBB locomotive

2005

DPF installation

Megayacht,

MY White Rose of

Drachs

2015

IMO Tier III

certification

nauticleanTM

2011

Acquisition by

ElringKlinger

Group

2016

Acquisition of COdiNOx

Beheer Group,

Netherlands

COMPANY DEVELOPMENT

INNOVATION

2018

Acquisition by

Faurecia S.A.

1992

SCR

Marine

System

2014

1st ultra-low NOx

powerplant

• On- and offshore vessels

• Cruise liners

• Freight vessels500 – 40,000 kW 550 1.5 GW

PRODUCT PORTFOLIO- OVERVIEWSta

tio

na

ry

Mo

bile

• CO2–fertilizing

in greenhouses 200 – 6,000 kW

200 – 9,000 kW

• Yachts

• Inland water vessels

• Ships

15 – 5,000 kW

• Construction machines

• Commercial machines

• Trucks & buses

• Agricultural & forest machines

• Power plants

• Cogeneration plants

• Emergency power200 – 40,000 kW

Power range

1,800

850

More than 37,000

2,100

Installed units

3.2 GW

200 – 5,000 kW

• Locomotives

• Track construction machines

• Railcars1,100 1,200 MW

600 MW

n.m.

9.5 GW

Installed power

• Extensive experience for

high speed engines on ULSD/MGO

• First projects for small (< 3 MW)

medium speed engines on MGO/MDO

• Under development for large (> 3 MW)

medium speed engines on MGO/MDO

• Medium speed engines on HFO

under testing, but so far not promising

• Low speed 2-stroke engines so far out of

discussion (commercial & technical reasons)

-97%

BC

wall flow filter principle

black carbon

DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTER (DPF)

6

MARINE DPF SYSTEMS

diesel burner for regeneration (burner pipe or chamber)

reactor housing with filter cassettes (various aspect ratios)

modular setup for flexible arrangement

Yacht/inland water vessel DPF+SCR

-80%

NOx

-97%

BC

8

MARINE DPF

EXPERIENCE

9

MOTIVATION

Clean decks and uppolstery

«no visible black carbon»

10

REGULATION IN SWITZERLAND

PN (particle number) limit of 250’000 #/cm3 for all NRMM

VERT certificate accepted (DPF with >97% PN reduction)

wall-flow DPF for locomotives, construction machinery, vessels, …

11

EXPERIENCE IN SWITZERLAND

Field conditions:

High speed diesel engines up to few MW

EN 590 diesel fuel required (max. 10 ppm sulfur)

Only clean exhaust is measured by CPC (condensation particle counter),

all particles above 23 nm are counted, independent of particle composition

accredited measurement devices are typ. inappropriate for raw exhaust

only approximations for relative PN abatement in the field (but >97%)

no monitoring of black carbon emissions or abatement efficiency

12

SWISS APPLICATION EXAMPLE

Annual check with additional raw gas measurement:

1’500 kW high speed diesel engine with active regeneration DPF

30% engine load: 8’300’000 #/cm3 (raw gas)

36’700 #/cm3 (clean gas)

99.6% PN (particle number) abatement based on CPC measurement

13

LUXURY YACHT WITH DPF

SCR spot checks, additionally Hug-conducted DPF evaluation

270 & 200 kW high speed diesel engine gensets with active regeneration DPF

Engine operation on ISO 8217 DMA («MGO») with 1000 ppm sulfur (ECA 0.1%)

Measurement with AVL MSS (PAS measurement principle)

>97% black carbon abatement based on PAS measurement

Engine Load Raw Clean Abatement

270 kW 50% 42 mg/kWh 0.30 mg/kWh 99.3%

75% 47 mg/kWh 0.26 mg/kWh 99.4%

200 kW 50% 70 mg/kWh 0.13 mg/kWh 99.8%

Filtration efficiency assessment by different analytics

Cambustion Diesel Particle Generator (DPG) test setup

(controlled hot air flow with EN 590 diesel burner-generated soot)

Measurement analytics:

PN – condensation particle counter (CPC)

PM (soot) – AVL micro soot sensor (MSS)

PM (soot) – AVL smoke meter (FSN)

Filter cassette taken from a luxury yacht after 6’000 h field operation

Soot filter cake was burnt via a regeneration before start of test

14

LAB TESTING OF DPF

15

RESULTS

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

T (DPF inlet)

T (DPF outlet)

Filtration efficiency (CPC based)

Filtration efficiency (FSN based)

Filtration efficiency (PAS based)

Time [s]

Tem

p.

[ °C

]

Eff

icie

ncy [

%]

>97% abatement based on all measurements after <200 s

16

FIELD MONITORING

100’s of marine DPF installations available, but no PM, PN or BC regulation

no scientific monitoring of emissions or abatement efficiency

Equipment logistics, space requirements for installation, sampling possibilities

on site, operational restrictions, timetables and expenses associated with field

measurements challenging as solely voluntary data acquisition

Invitation for collaboration partners to confirm field performance

17

NEXT STEPS

* K. Christianen, Y. Loulidi, D. Peitz, L. Mattheeuws, T. Berckmoes

Integration and Matching of Diesel Particulate Filters for ABC Medium-Speed Engines, CIMAC Congress 2019, paper no. 361.

Besides luxury yacht and NRMM exposed applications new market drivers:

- Customers asking for «getting the job done, but green»

- Passengers caring about health and environment

- Classification notations such as «ultra low emission vessel – ULEV»

DPF spreading to medium speed diesel engine applications

DPF integration requires rethinking of engine operation, e.g. fuel & lube*

18

NEXT STEPS

K. Christianen, Y. Loulidi, D. Peitz, L. Mattheeuws, T. Berckmoes

Integration and Matching of Diesel Particulate Filters for ABC Medium-Speed Engines, CIMAC Congress 2019, paper no. 361.

Horizon 2020 project

«LeanShips»

Target was a cruise ship DPF for HFO

with automatic ash removal

However, ash removal later limited to

ISO 8217 DMA (MGO) and DMB (MDO)

due to field trial results

Prototype in operation at Hug,

but limited commercial interest due to

exclusion of HFO operation

-80%

NOx

-97%

BC

www.hug-engineering.com

Thank you

for your attention.