bcd thoery lecture #02

8/3/2019 Bcd Thoery Lecture #02

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Engr. Afed Ullah KhanEngr. Afed Ullah Khan

Lecturer CEDLecturer CEDUET BannuUET Bannu


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CH # 02CH # 02

BRICK MASONARYBRICK MASONARY


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Brick Masonry OR Brick WorkBrick Masonry OR Brick Work

An assemblage of bricks properly boundedAn assemblage of bricks properly boundedtogether in mortar.together in mortar.


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TerminologyTerminology

Brick :Brick :

An artificial masonry unit in the form of aAn artificial masonry unit in the form of a

rectangular block of prepared clay.rectangular block of prepared clay. Pacca or burnt bricks :Pacca or burnt bricks :

The bricks dried in kilnThe bricks dried in kiln


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Sun dried or kacha bricks :Sun dried or kacha bricks :

The bricks dried in sun.The bricks dried in sun.

Standard size of brick :Standard size of brick :

190mm x 90mm x 90mm190mm x 90mm x 90mm

Nominal size of brick :Nominal size of brick :


1 cubic metre contain = 500 bricks1 cubic metre contain = 500 bricks


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Brick tile :Brick tile :An artificial masonry unit in the formAn artificial masonry unit in the form

of rectangular block of prepared clayof rectangular block of prepared clayhaving thickness comparatively lesshaving thickness comparatively less

then that of a brick .then that of a brick . Standard size of brick :Standard size of brick :


Nominal size of brick :Nominal size of brick : 200mm x 100mm x 40mm200mm x 100mm x 40mm


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Arrises :Arrises :

The edges formed by the intersectionThe edges formed by the intersectionof plane surfaces of a brick.of plane surfaces of a brick.

Frog :Frog :

The depression provided in the faceThe depression provided in the faceof a brick during its manufacturing.of a brick during its manufacturing.

Size :Size :

100mm x 40mm x 10mm to 20mm100mm x 40mm x 10mm to 20mm


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Brick on bed :Brick on bed :

The position of a brick when laid withThe position of a brick when laid withits frog upward in the horizontalits frog upward in the horizontalplane.plane.

Brick on side :Brick on side : The position of a brick when laid onThe position of a brick when laid on

its stretcher face (frog in verticalits stretcher face (frog in verticalplane)plane)

Brick on end :Brick on end :

The position of a brick when laid onThe position of a brick when laid onits header face (frog in vertical plane)its header face (frog in vertical plane)


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CourseCourse

Each horizontal layer of bricks laid inEach horizontal layer of bricks laid inmortar in any brick work.mortar in any brick work.

Stretcher course :Stretcher course : It is that type of course in which all theIt is that type of course in which all the

bricks are laid as stretcher.bricks are laid as stretcher.

Header course :Header course : It is that type of course in which all theIt is that type of course in which all the

bricks are laid as header.bricks are laid as header.


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Quoins :Quoins :

The external corner of walls.The external corner of walls. Quoin brick :Quoin brick :

The brick which forms the externalThe brick which forms the external

corner of wall.corner of wall. Bed joints :Bed joints :

The horizontal mortar joints betweenThe horizontal mortar joints between

any two consecutive courses of brickany two consecutive courses of brickwork.work.


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Perpends :Perpends :

The vertical joint between bricks.The vertical joint between bricks. Facing :Facing :

The external surface of a wall isThe external surface of a wall is

called face and the material formingcalled face and the material formingthe face is known as facing.the face is known as facing.

Backing :Backing :

The internal surface of a wall is calledThe internal surface of a wall is calledback and the material forming theback and the material forming theback is known as backing.back is known as backing.


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Hearting :Hearting :

The interior portion between theThe interior portion between thefacing and backing of a wall.facing and backing of a wall.

Bats :Bats :

The portion made by cutting standardThe portion made by cutting standardbrick across their width.brick across their width.

Three quarter batThree quarter bat

Square or half batSquare or half bat

Quarter batQuarter bat

Bevelled batBevelled bat


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ClosersClosers

The portion made by cutting standardThe portion made by cutting standardbrick across their length.brick across their length.

Queen closer :Queen closer : The portion made by cutting standardThe portion made by cutting standard

brick across their length into halves.brick across their length into halves.


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King closer :King closer :

The portion of standard brick made byThe portion of standard brick made bycutting off the triangular piece between thecutting off the triangular piece between thecentre of one header face and the centrecentre of one header face and the centreof one stretcher face.of one stretcher face.

Bevelled closer :Bevelled closer : The portion of standard brick made byThe portion of standard brick made by

cutting off the triangular piece between thecutting off the triangular piece between thecentre of one header face and the oppositecentre of one header face and the opposite

corner of the stretcher face.corner of the stretcher face.


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Mitered closer :Mitered closer :

The portion of standard brick madeThe portion of standard brick madeby cutting off the triangular pieceby cutting off the triangular piecebetween the top edge of one headerbetween the top edge of one headerface to the bottom edge of anotherface to the bottom edge of anotherheader face.header face.

Bull nose :Bull nose :

A standard brick having its one orA standard brick having its one or

more arrises(edges) rounded off .more arrises(edges) rounded off .


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Cow nose or double Bull nose :Cow nose or double Bull nose :

A standard brick having its both theA standard brick having its both theedges rounded off at its ends.edges rounded off at its ends.

Squint brick :Squint brick :

The portion of standard brick cut inThe portion of standard brick cut insuch a way that an angle other than asuch a way that an angle other than aright angle is formed in planright angle is formed in plan


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Plinth :Plinth :

The portion of a structure betweenThe portion of a structure betweenthe GL and the surface of a floor.the GL and the surface of a floor.

Plinth level :Plinth level :

The top level of plinth .The top level of plinth .


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Mortar :Mortar :

The workable paste prepared byThe workable paste prepared bymixing binding material , finemixing binding material , fineaggregate and water in suitableaggregate and water in suitableproportion.proportion.


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BondBond

The arrangement of bricks or stones inThe arrangement of bricks or stones ineach layer so as to avoid continuity ofeach layer so as to avoid continuity ofvertical joints in any two adjacent coursesvertical joints in any two adjacent coursesboth on the face and inside of a masonryboth on the face and inside of a masonrystructurestructure


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Necessity of providing bond :Necessity of providing bond :

To break the continuity of vertical joints inTo break the continuity of vertical joints insuccessive layer.successive layer.

To ensure longitudinal and lateral strengthTo ensure longitudinal and lateral strengthof structure.of structure.

The structure will act like a unit.The structure will act like a unit.

Good appearance.Good appearance.


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Types of BondTypes of Bond

Following are the different types of bond.Following are the different types of bond.


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English BondEnglish Bond

Headers and stretchers laid in alternateHeaders and stretchers laid in alternatecourses.courses.

Queen closer is placed after every quoinQueen closer is placed after every quoinheader in the header course to break theheader in the header course to break thecontinuity of vertical joint.continuity of vertical joint.


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Features :Features :

Headers and stretchers laid in alternateHeaders and stretchers laid in alternatecourses.courses.


The same course will show headers orThe same course will show headers or

stretchers on the face and back if thestretchers on the face and back if thethickness of the wall is an even multiple ofthickness of the wall is an even multiple ofhalf brick.half brick.


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The same course will show headersThe same course will show headerson the face and stretchers on back ifon the face and stretchers on back ifthe thickness of the wall is an oddthe thickness of the wall is an oddmultiple of half brick.multiple of half brick.

Each alternate header in the headingEach alternate header in the heading

course lies centrally over everycourse lies centrally over everystretcher of the underlying stretchingstretcher of the underlying stretchingcourse.course.

Continuous vertical joints do notContinuous vertical joints do notconcoide.concoide.


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SuitabilitySuitability

Used where strength is of primeUsed where strength is of primeimportance .importance .


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Flemish bondFlemish bond

The bond having stretchers and headersThe bond having stretchers and headerslaid alternatively in the same course .laid alternatively in the same course .


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FeaturesFeatures

Stretchers and headers are laidStretchers and headers are laidalternatively in the same course .alternatively in the same course .


Brick bats are used in walls havingBrick bats are used in walls havingthickness equal to an odd multiple of halfthickness equal to an odd multiple of halfbrick.brick.


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Every header in each in course liesEvery header in each in course liescentrally over every stretcher of thecentrally over every stretcher of theunderlying course.underlying course.


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Types ofFlemish bondTypes ofFlemish bond

Double Flemish bondDouble Flemish bond

Single Flemish bondSingle Flemish bond


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DoubleFlemish bondDoubleFlemish bond

The bond having stretchers and headersThe bond having stretchers and headerslaid alternatively in each course both inlaid alternatively in each course both inthe face and back of the wall.the face and back of the wall.


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SingleFlemish bondSingleFlemish bond

The bond provided in a wall with FlemishThe bond provided in a wall with Flemishbond in facing and English bond inbond in facing and English bond inbacking .backing .

It is also called cross bond.It is also called cross bond.


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Heading bondHeading bond

The bond having all the bricks laid asThe bond having all the bricks laid asheaders in every course of a wall.headers in every course of a wall.


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It is used for constructing wells andIt is used for constructing wells andfooting.footing.


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Stretching courseStretching course

The bond having all the bricks laid asThe bond having all the bricks laid asstretchers in every course of a wall.stretchers in every course of a wall.


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It used for constructing partition wall ofIt used for constructing partition wall ofthickness 10 cm.thickness 10 cm.


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Garden wall bondGarden wall bond

The bond used for constructing compoundThe bond used for constructing compoundwalls of a garden.walls of a garden.

It is also called boundary wall bond.It is also called boundary wall bond. E.g. boundary wallE.g. boundary wall


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TypesTypes

English garden wall bondEnglish garden wall bond

Flemish garden wall bondFlemish garden wall bond


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English garden wall bondEnglish garden wall bond

The garden wall bond in which a headingThe garden wall bond in which a headingcourse is provided after 3 to 5 stretchingcourse is provided after 3 to 5 stretchingcoursecourse


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Flemish garden wall bondFlemish garden wall bond

The garden wall bond having a headerThe garden wall bond having a headerprovided after 3 to 5 stretchers in a eachprovided after 3 to 5 stretchers in a eachcourse.course.

It is also called Sussex or scotch bond.It is also called Sussex or scotch bond.


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Raking bondRaking bond

The bond having all the bricks laid at anThe bond having all the bricks laid at anangle to the facing and backing of a wall.angle to the facing and backing of a wall.


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TypeType

Herring bone bondHerring bone bond

Diagonal bondDiagonal bond


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Herring bone bondHerring bone bond

The raking bond having bricks laid at anThe raking bond having bricks laid at anangle of 45 degree from the central lineangle of 45 degree from the central lineand proceeding towards the facing andand proceeding towards the facing andbacking of the wall.backing of the wall.

Used for hearting of wall having thicknessUsed for hearting of wall having thicknessmore than 4 bricks.more than 4 bricks.


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Diagonal bondDiagonal bond

The raking bond having bricks laid at aThe raking bond having bricks laid at asuitable angle to facing and backing insuitable angle to facing and backing inparallel rows.parallel rows.

Used for hearting of wall whose thicknessUsed for hearting of wall whose thicknessis 2 to 4 bricks.is 2 to 4 bricks.


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English cross bondEnglish cross bond

Headers and stretchers laid in alternateHeaders and stretchers laid in alternatecourses and a header provided after thecourses and a header provided after thequoin stretcher in every alternatequoin stretcher in every alternatestretching course.stretching course.

Also called Andrew bondAlso called Andrew bond


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Hoop iron bondHoop iron bond

The bond having reinforcement in theThe bond having reinforcement in theform of longitudinal ties provided inform of longitudinal ties provided indifferent courses for additional strength ofdifferent courses for additional strength ofthe wall.the wall.

Reinforcement is provided after every 4 toReinforcement is provided after every 4 to5 course.5 course.


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Facing bondFacing bond

The bond having bricks of differentThe bond having bricks of differentthickness and qualities used for facing andthickness and qualities used for facing andbacking of the wall.backing of the wall.

Heading course is provided after severalHeading course is provided after severalstretching course.stretching course.

Facing may be English or Flemish bondFacing may be English or Flemish bondbut backing is always built in English bondbut backing is always built in English bond


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Dutch bondDutch bond

The bond having headers and stretchersThe bond having headers and stretcherslaid in the alternate courses and everylaid in the alternate courses and everystretching course started with a brickstretching course started with a brickbat .bat .


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Monk bondMonk bond

The bond having two stretchers and oneThe bond having two stretchers and oneheader laid alternately in each course.header laid alternately in each course.

Used in boundary wallUsed in boundary wall


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Zig Zag bondZig Zag bond

The bond having bricks laid in a zig zagThe bond having bricks laid in a zig zagfashion .fashion .

Used in floor.Used in floor.


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Brick on edge bondBrick on edge bond

This bond having all bricks laid on theirThis bond having all bricks laid on theiredge.edge.

Used in construction of garden wall,Used in construction of garden wall,compound wall, partition wall.compound wall, partition wall.


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Silver lock's bondSilver lock's bond

The bond having bricks laid in alternateThe bond having bricks laid in alternatecourses in such a way that headers arecourses in such a way that headers arelaid on bed and the stretchers are laid onlaid on bed and the stretchers are laid onedge ,forming a continuous cavityedge ,forming a continuous cavitythroughout the length of the wall.throughout the length of the wall.

Used for construction of garden wall andUsed for construction of garden wall and

partition wall.partition wall.


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TheEndTheEnd

bcd thoery lecture #02

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