BEHAVIOR DRIVEN

DEVELOPMENT /

TESTING ( BDD )Overview of Cucumber /

Capybara

Behavior Driven Development/Testing

❖ What is BDD?

➢ The main focus is on the expected behavior of the application and

it’s components.

➢ User stories created and maintained collaboratively by all

stakeholders

❖ What are the benefits?

➢ Define verifiable, executable and unambiguous requirements

➢ Developing features that truly add business value

➢ Preventing defects rather than finding defects

➢ Bring QA involvement to the forefront, great for team dynamics

Cucumber Basics

❖ Testing tool based on BDD written in Ruby

❖ Tests are written in plain language called Gherkin based BDD

style of Given, When, Then, which any layperson can

understand.

❖ Tests are grouped into feature files with .feature extension

➢ Eg:Feature: As a myish user I should be able to login

Scenario: Successful login

Given I am on the Google home page

When I fill in email and password

And I click login button

Then I should be able to click on the profile

CAPYBARA❖ Capybara is a web-based automation framework used for creating

functional tests that simulate how users would interact with the

application

❖ Capybara is library/gem built to be used on top of underlying web-

based driver

❖ Offers user-friendly DSL ( Domain Specific Language )

❖ Supported driver

➢ Rack::test

■ Default driver. No JavaScript support

➢ Selenium-webdriver

■ Mostly used in web-based automation FW

➢ Capybara-webkit

■ For true headless testing with JavaSript support

CAPYBARA :❖ Basic DSL :

➢visit('page_url') # navigate to page

➢click_link('id_of_link') # click link by id

➢click_link('link_text') # click link by link text

➢click_button('button_name') # fill text field

➢fill_in('First Name', :with => 'John') # choose radio button

➢choose('radio_button') # choose radio button

➢check('checkbox') # check in checkbox

➢uncheck('checkbox') # uncheck in checkbox

➢select('option', :from=>'select_box') # select from dropdown

➢attach_file('image', 'path_to_image') # upload file

Pre-requisites

❖ Java - JRE

❖ Ruby

❖ RubyGems installation – use “gem install <name of gem>” command.

➢ Cucumber

➢ Capybara

➢ Rspec

DEMO

Project structure :

DEMO

Project structure :

features – folder to host all your feature files

step_definitions – folder to host all your step definition Ruby files

support – folder to host your configuration files (env.rb)

Gemfile – defines the top-level gems to be used in your project

DEMO

Sample: simple_search.feature :

– describes the features that a user will be able to use in the

program

Feature: As a user I should be able to perform simple google search

Scenario: A simple google search scenarioGiven I am on the main google searchWhen I fill in "q" with "Cucumber test"And I click "gbqfb" buttonAnd I click on the first resultThen I should see "Cucumber lets software development teams describe how software should behave in plain text."

Sample: search_step.rb– describes the actions that user will do for each step.

Given /^I am on the main google search$/ dovisit ('/')end

When /^(?:|I )fill in "([^"]*)" with "([^"]*)"$/ do |field, value|fill_in(field, :with => value)end

Then /^I click "([^"]*)" button$/ do |button|click_button(button)end

Then /^I click on the first result$/ dofind(:xpath, "//html/body/div[3]/div[2]/div/div[5]/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div/ol/li/div/h3/a").clickend

Then /^I should see "([^"]*)"$/ do |text|page.should have_content(text)end

Sample: env.rb

– hosts all configuration files

require 'capybara'require 'capybara/cucumber'

Capybara.default_driver = :seleniumCapybara.app_host = "http://www.google.com"

Capybara.default_wait_time = 20

World(Capybara)

Sample: Gemfile

– a format for describing gem dependencies required to execute

Ruby codes

source "http://rubygems.org"

group(:test) do

gem 'cucumber'

gem 'capybara'

gem 'rspec'

end

Main cucumber commands

command to run the script :

cucumber features/<name of the feature

file>.feature

command to generate the report:

run this command by going to your project

directory

cucumber features --format html --out

reports

RESOURCES :https://github.com/jnicklas/capybara

https://shvets.github.io/blog/2013/10/12/acceptance_tricks.html

https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/a-automating-ria/

Useful resources (and lots of examples):

http://books.openlibra.com/pdf/cuke4ninja-2011-03-16.pdf < awesome free eBook –fun to read, too.

http://www.slideshare.net/lunivore/behavior-driven-development-11754474 < Liz really knows her stuff!

http://dannorth.net/2011/01/31/whose-domain-is-it-anyway/

https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=declarative+vs+imperative+BDD < go Team Declarative!