bdwbu 6 ¯^í†gqv`x djmv†qi pvl ¯^í†gqv`x djmv†qi...

BDwbU 6 ¯í‡gqv`x djMv‡Qi Pvl

evsjv‡`‡k A‡bK iK‡gi djMvQ R‡b¥| Z‡e †hme d‡ji e¨vcK Pvl nq ev eëmvwqK wfwË‡Z Pvl Kiv nq †m¸‡jv n‡”Q- Avbvim, Kjv, †cu‡c, Avg, wjPz, KuvVvj, †cqviv, †jey RvZxq dj I bvwi‡Kj| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Avbvim, Kjv I †cu‡c ¯^í‡gqv`x dj MvQ wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| KviY Lye Aí mg‡qB A_©vr GK ev `yB eQ‡ii g‡a¨B G¸‡jv dj w`‡q _v‡K Ges Lye `xN©¯’vqx ev `xN©Rxex bq| G‡`‡ki †gvU dj Drcv`‡bi A‡a©‡Ki †ewk dj ¯^í‡gqv`x MvQ †_‡K Drcbœ nq|

G BDwb‡Ui wewfbœ cv‡V Avbvim, Kjv, †cu‡c BZ¨vw` d‡ji Pvl, Avbvi‡mi wewfbœ ai‡bi Pvivi kbv³KiY I gv‡V †ivcY c×wZ Abykxjb, ¯^í †gqv`x wewfbœ ai‡bi d‡ji RvZ kbv³KiY Ges ¯^í‡gqv`x d‡ji Avq-e¨‡qi wn‡me c×wZ Abykxjb BZ¨vw` wel‡q ZvwË¡K I eënvwiKmn

we¯ vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

cvV 6.1 Avbvim

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb − � Avbvi‡mi DrcwË ’j, Drcv`b, cywógvb I eënvi m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

� Dw™¢`ZvwË¡K weeiY, RvZmg n I esk we¯Ívi m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| � Rjevqy I gvwU wel‡q ej‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb| � Pvlvev` cÖYvwj m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

DrcwË ’j `w¶Y Av‡gwiKvi eªvwRj †`‡k m¤¢eZ Gi DrcwË (Centre of origin)| Avevi D³ AÂ‡ji c¨viv¸‡q †`kwU‡KI †Kn †Kn Gi DrcwË ’j wn‡m‡e D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| Kj¤vm 1493 mv‡j I‡qó BwÛR †cuŠwQ‡j wZwb I Zvi bvweKMY †mLvbKvi Avwèvmx‡ì MÖv‡g G d‡ji Pvl †`L‡Z cvb|

Drcv`b eZ©gv‡b gvj‡qwkqv, wdwjcvBb, B‡›`v‡bwkqv, _vBj¨vÛ, kªxjsKv, BwÛqv, `w¶Y Avwd«Kv, nvIqvB (hy³ivóª) I KzBÝj¨v‡Û (A‡óªwjqv) Gi e¨vcK Pvlvev` n‡”Q| cZ©yMxRiv 1550 Lªxóv‡ã `w¶Y fvi‡Z cÖ_g Avbvim cÖeZ©b K‡i| eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k 14000 †n±i Rwg‡Z GK j¶ †ZkwÆ nvRvi Ub Avbvim Drcvw`Z nq| cywógvb I eënvi

cywógvb Avbvim dj Lv`¨cÖvY G I we mg„× Ges G‡Z cÖPzi Lv`¨cÖvY wm i‡q‡Q| Gd‡j kZKiv 85 fvM cvwb, 13 fvM wPwb, 0.6 fvM Avwgl, 0.3 fvM Auvk, 0.02 fvM K¨vjwmqvg, 0.01 fvM dmdivm, 0.9 fvM †jŠn Ges 0.6 fvM Aè _v‡K| ZvQvov 100 MÖvg f¶Y‡hvM¨ As‡k 60 AvB, BD Lv`¨cÖvY G, 120 wg. MÖv. wi‡evd¬vwfb Ges 63 wg. MÖv. Lv`¨cÖvY wm i‡q‡Q|

BDwbU 6 ¯í‡gqv`x djMv‡Qi

Pvl

dj Pvl

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq 134

eënvi Avbvim UK wgwó Ges imv‡jv GKwU my¯^v`y dj| mvaviYfv‡e ZvRv cvKv djB Avgv‡ì †`‡ki †jvK †L‡q _v‡K| hwÌ Avbvim Ges Gi im wewfbœfv‡e cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i LvIqv n‡”Q Ges we‡`‡k ißvwb n‡”Q| Avbvi‡mi Dw”Qó Ask Miæi Lvevi wn‡m‡e DrK…ó| Avbvi‡mi cvZv †_‡K

kZKiv 2-3 fvM 38 †_‡K 90 †m. wg. j¤^v Lye k³ mv`v †ikgx m Zv cvIqv hvq| wdwjcvBb

I ZvBIqv‡b G m Zv w`‡q ÔcvBbvÕ bv‡g AwZ g~jëvb Kvco ˆZwi Kiv nq| Dw™¢`ZvwË¡K weeiY, RvZmg~n I esk we¯Ívi

Dw™¢`ZvwË¡K weeiY Avbvim Dw™¢` weÁv‡b Bromelliaceae cwiev‡ii Ananas comosus (L.) Merr- †Mv‡Îi

Aš f‚©³| Avbvim MvQ wØel©Rxex Ges GKwU MvQ GKevi gvÎ dj w`‡q _v‡K| GwU †ò †_‡K

cuvP wgUvi ch©š DPz n‡Z cv‡i| cÖwZ Mv‡Q 40-65 wU cvZv nq| cvZv Z‡jvqvi AvK…wZ, GK

wgUvi ev AviI †ewk j¤^v, 5 †_‡K 8 †m. wg. cÖk¯Í , wKbviv mgvb ev KuvUvhy³ Ges cvZvi †kl

cÖvšÍ m uPv‡jv| cy®úgÄix cÖvq 150-200 †euvUvnxb jvj‡P dzj Øviv Vvmv _v‡K| Avbvim GKwU †hŠwMK dj (Multiple fruit) hv m‡ivwmm (Sorosis) bv‡g cwiwPZ| dj mvaviYZ 1.0 †_‡K 2.5 †KwR n‡q _v‡K|

wPÎ 6.1.1t Rv‡q›U wKDRv‡Zi Avbvim

Avbvim MvQ wØel©Rxex Ges GKwU MvQ GKivi gvÎ dj w`‡q _v‡K|

Avbvim GKwU †hŠwMK dj hv m‡ivwmm bv‡g cwiwPZ|

dj Pvl

¯‹zj Ae GwMÖKvjPvi GÛ iæivj †W‡fjc‡g›U 135

RvZmg~n c„w_exi wewfbœ AÂ‡j wewfbœ †`‡k Avbvi‡mi AMwbZ RvZ i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv‡K wZbwU †kªwY‡Z (Group) fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q- (1) KzBb (Queen) , (2) Kv‡qb (Cayenne), Ges (3) ‡iW ¯ú¨vwbk (Red Spanish)| evsjv‡`‡k G wZbwU †kªwYi wZbwU RvZ h_vµ‡g nvwb KzBb (Honey Queen), Rvqv›U wKD Giant Kew I †Nvovkvj (Ghorasal) bv‡g Pvl n‡q _v‡K| G wZbwU Rv‡Zi msw¶ß weeiY wb‡P †`qv n‡jv| nvwbKzBb t nvwbKzBb RvZwU KzBb Mªy‡ci AšÍf©y³| GwU GKwU AvMvg RvZ| Gi dj †g-Ryb gv‡m A_©vr ˆR¨ô-Avlvp gv‡m AvniY Kivi Dc‡hvMx nq| dj mgvbfv‡e cv‡K Ges m¤ú~Y© cvKv dj D¾¦j njy` eY© aviY K‡i| Gi †PvL¸‡jv mvgvb¨ Mfx‡i emv‡bv| d‡ji IRb GK

†_‡K yÕ†KwR n‡q _v‡K| dj¸‡jv AZ¨šÍ myevmhy³, imv‡jv Ges LyeB wgó| MvQ cÖwZ 2 †_‡K

4wU mvKvi Ges 4 †_‡K 8wU wúc n‡q _v‡K| GRvZwU cvZvi wKbviv KuvUvhy³ mi€ Z‡ivqv‡ji gZ Ges meyRvf-Zvgv‡U is‡qi| Rvqv›U wKD t G RvZwU Kv‡qb Mªy‡c Gi AšÍf©y³ Ges bvex RvZ| G MvQ¸‡jv A‡bK eo n‡q _v‡K| cvZvi wKbviv gm„Y, †Kv‡bv KuvUv bvB| cvZvi IcifvM meyR Ges wb‡Pi Ask a~mi e‡Y©i| dj meyR Z‡e cvKv Ae¯’vq njy` †`Lvq| Gi dj Ryb-RyjvB gv‡m A_©vr Avlvp-kªveY gv‡m Avni‡Yi Dc‡hvMx nq| d‡ji IRb 1.5 †_‡K 3.0 †KwR nq| d‡ji †PvL¸‡jv fvmv fvmv myZivs wQj‡Z Lye myweav| d‡j Avuk bvB ej‡jB P‡j, wgwó Ges imv‡jv| G Rv‡Z Pviv Lye Kg nq| MvQcÖwZ GKwU-`yÕwU mvKvi Ges `yÕ †_‡K cuvPwU wúc n‡q _v‡K|

†Nvovkvj t G RvZwU †iW ¯ú¨vwbk Mªyc Gi AšÍfy©³ Ges ga¨g †gŠmygx RvZ| GwU cÖ_g w`‡K ïay †Nvovkvj GjvKvq n‡Zv e‡j †Nvovkvj bv‡g cwiwPZ| cieZx©‡Z MvRxcyi †Rjvi Kvcvwmqv AÂ‡j Gi Pvl ïiæ nq Ges D³ AÂ‡j 60-70 eQ‡ii cyiv‡bv Avbvim evMvb i‡q‡Q| G Rv‡Zi MvQ ga¨g AvK…wZi, cvZv KuvUvhy³, dj cvK‡j BU e‡Y©i †`Lvq| Ab¨ yÕwU Rv‡Zi Zzjbvq †PvL Mfx‡i emv‡bv Ges UK| dj ˆR¨ô-Avlvp gv‡m Avni‡Yi Dc‡hvMx nq| Mv‡Q 2-4 wU mvKvi Ges 3-5 wU wúc n‡q _v‡K|

esk we Ívi mvavibZ A‡hŠb c×wZ‡Z Avbvim Mv‡Qi eske„w×i Rb¨ wbæ ewY©Z cuvP iK‡gi Pviv cvIqv hvq|

(1) mvKvi ev Kv‡Ûi Pviv (Stem sucker) t cÎv¶ †_‡K †ei nq e‡j G‡K KvÛPviv e‡j| Z‡e GwU mvKvi bv‡gB eûj cwiwPZ| eske„w×i Rb¨ G Pviv DËg|

(2) mvKvi ev †Mvovi Pviv (Ground sucker)t G cÖKv‡ii Pviv Mv‡Qi f‚wg msjMœ Ask †_‡K †ei nq| †mLv‡bB G Pvivi wkKo MRvq| mvKvi bv‡g eûj cwiwPZ Ges †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ DËg Z‡e evMvb †_‡K G Pviv †Kn weµq K‡i bv| GwU gywo (Ratoon) km¨ wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq|

(3) wúc (Slip) t G RvZxq Pviv d‡ji ‡euvUv †_‡K †ei nq|

(4) µvDb (Crown) t d‡ji Dc‡i †QvU †QvU A‡bK cvZvi mgš^‡q µvDb Pviv MwVZ nq|

(5) óv¤ú (Stump) t †h MvQ dj w`‡q‡Q Zvi KvÛ bvjv (Furrow) K‡i Zvi g‡a¨ †d‡j GwU‡K gvwU Pvcv w`‡q ivL‡j A‡bK Pviv cvIqv hvq|

A‡hŠb c×wZ‡Z esk we¯Ív‡ii Rb¨ MvQ †_‡K cuvP iK‡gi Pviv cvIqv hvq|

Avbvi‡mi RvZmg n‡K wZbwU †kªwY‡Z fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q- (1) KzBb (2) Kv‡qb Ges (3)

†iW ¯ž¨vwbk|

dj Pvl


wPÎ 6.1.2t Avbvi‡mi wewfbœ Pviv Rjevqy I gvwU

Rjevqy

mgy`ªc„ô †_‡K †_‡K 1500 wg. DŽPZvq Avbvim R‡b¥ _v‡K| †hLv‡b 51 †m. wg. e„wócvZ nq Ggb ï®‹ AÂj †_‡K 554 †m. wg. e„wócvZ nq †Zgb AÂ‡jI Avbvi‡mi Pvl nq| evsjv‡`‡ki me©ÎB Avbvi‡mi Pvl n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Avbvim MvQ Rjve×Zv mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| †mRb¨B wm‡jU I cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi cvnv‡oi Xv‡j Avbvim Pv‡li e¨vcK cÖmvi N‡U‡Q| ZvcgvÎv 150

†_‡K 300 ‡mjwmqvm ch©šÍ Avbvim fv‡jv R‡b¥ _v‡K| gvwU me ai‡bi gvwU‡ZB Avbvi‡mi Pvl n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi myweavhy³ D”Pf‚wg nIqv PvB †hLv‡b eb¨v ev e„wói cvwb `vuovq bv| †`Lv †M‡Q ˆRemvi mg„× gvwU‡Z Avbvim fv‡jv R‡b¥| gvwUi pH 4.5 †_‡K 6.5 n‡j Avbvim MvQ e„w×i Rb¨ me‡P‡q fv‡jv|

Pvlvev` cÖYvwj

Rwg ˆZwi eb¨v I e„wói cvwb `uvovq bv, cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi myweavhy³ DuPy Rwg Avbvim Pv‡li Dc‡hvMx| mgZj f‚wg‡Z Pvl w`‡q Rwg fv‡jvfv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡Z nq| cvnv‡oi Xv‡j Pv‡li cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| `yÕmvwi‡Z †ivc‡Yi GK wgUvi †eWwU Pviv †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ †gvUvgywU AvMvQvgy³ Ki‡Z nq| mgZj f‚wg‡Z mgZ‡j ev DuPz †eW ˆZwi K‡i Pviv †ivcY Kiv nq| Z‡e mgZj f‚wg‡Z †eW ˆZwi K‡i

†`Lv †M‡Q ˆRemvi mg„× wLj‡¶‡Z Avbvim fv‡jv R‡b¥|

cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi myweavhy³ DuPy Rwg Avbvim Pv‡li Dc‡hvMx|

dj Pvl


Pviv †ivcY KivB DËg| cvnv‡oi Xv‡j †eW DuPz Kivi cÖ‡qvRb bvB| Z‡e Pviv †ivc‡Yi †eW KbUzi (Contour) eivei Ki‡Z n‡e| Pviv †ivcY Pviv GK mvwi c×wZ‡Z (wPÎt 6.1.3 †`Lyb) ev `yB mvwi c×wZ‡Z (wPÎt 6.1.4 †`Lyb) †ivcY

Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GK mvwi c×wZ‡Z 50 †m. wg. ` ‡i ` ‡i mvwi‡Z 40-50 †m. wg. ` i‡Z¡ Pviv †ivcY Kiv nq| `yÕmvwi c×wZ‡Z GK wgUvi cÖwZ †e‡W 50 ev 60 †m. wg. `~i‡Z¡ mvwi‡Z

40-45 †m. wg. ` i‡Z¡ Pviv †ivcY Kiv nq| `yB †e‡Wi gvSLv‡b cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ bvjv wn‡m‡e ev PjvP‡ji myweavi Rb¨ 50 †m. wg. RvqMv ivLv nq| `yÕmvwi c×wZ‡Z Pviv †ivcY Kiv

†kªq| KviY G‡Z `yÕmvwii cvkvcvwk MvQ cvi¯žvwiK †VKbvi KvR K‡i| GRb¨ djmn †n‡j c‡o bv| †n±i cÖwZ 44,444 wU Pvivi cÖ‡qvRb nq|

wPÎ 6.1.3t GKmvwi c×wZ‡Z Avbvi‡mi Pviv †ivcY

GK mvwi c×wZ‡Z 50 †m.

wg. ` ‡i ` ‡i mvwi‡Z 40-50 †m. wg. ~i‡Z¡ Pviv †ivcY Kiv nq|

dj Pvl


wPÎ 6.1.4t yBmvwi c×wZ‡Z Avbvi‡mi Pviv †ivcY †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ Pviv msMÖn Ges Pviv ˆZwi LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| KvwZ©‡Ki cÖ_gfv‡M †gŠmygx e„wói †k‡l Pviv msMÖn Kiv nq| MvQ †_‡K Pviv msMÖ‡ni ci 3-4 mßvn Qvqvq †i‡L †`qv fv‡jv| Gici †ivc‡Yi c~‡e© 30 †m. wg. †i‡L Pvivi evKx gv_v †K‡U †djv nq hv‡Z †ivc‡Yi ci Pviv

cvZvi fv‡i by‡q bv c‡o| Gici †Mvovi 5 †m. wg. ch©šÍ ïK‡bv wkKo I cvZv †Q‡U †d‡j WvB‡_b Gg- 45 (0.2%) mwjDk‡b Wzwe‡q †bqv nq| WvB‡_b mwjDk‡b bv Pzev‡j cvZv I wkKo QvUv‡qi ci QvUv‡qi RvqMv ïKvevi Rb¨ Pviv¸‡jv AviI GK mßvn Qvqvq ivL‡Z n‡e|

Pviv †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ 5 †_‡K 10 †m. wg. Mfxi K‡i MZ© Ki‡Z n‡e| G me M‡Z© Pviv †ivcY K‡i Pvivi †Mvovi Pviw`‡K k³ K‡i †P‡c w`‡Z nq| eQ‡ii †h †Kv‡bv mgq Pviv †ivcY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †h‡nZz †ewki fvM Pviv Avwk¦b-KvwZ©‡K cvIqv hvq myZivs Pviv¸‡jv †cŠl-gv‡N †ivcY Ki‡Z nq †ivc‡Yi ci †mP †`qvB DËg| mvi cÖ‡qvM MvQ cÖwZ mv‡ii cwigvY (MÖvg/MvQ/eQi)

cPuv AveR©bv ev †Mvei mvi - 200 Ggwc - 15 BDwiqv - 15 wRcmvg - 1 wU Gm wc - 5

cÖwZ †e‡W ev jvB‡b hZMvQ Av‡Q ZZ Mv‡Qi Rb¨ †gvU mvi wnmve K‡i, †m¸‡jv GKmv‡_ wgwk‡q †e‡Wi gvwU‡Z wQwU‡q wg‡k w`‡Z n‡e| †gvU ˆRe mvi, wUGmwc I wRcmvg †ivc‡Yi

c ‡e©B gvwU‡Z wgwk‡q w`‡Z n‡e| BDwiqv I Ggwc mvi †ivc‡Yi yÕgvm ci †_‡K ïiæ K‡i `yÕgvm ci ci mgvb cuvP wKw¯Í‡Z Mv‡Qi †Mvovi Pviw`‡K gvwUi mv‡_ wg‡k w`‡Z n‡e| gvwU‡Z i‡mi Afve _vK‡j mvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi ci †mP †`qv DËg|

cwiPh©v

†mPt Avbvim Mv‡Qi Lye Aí cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb nq| ZvB †m‡Pi Lye GKUv cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| Z‡e ïK‡bv †gŠmy‡g 20-25 w`b ci ci †mP †`qv dm‡ji Rb¨ fv‡jv| ïK‡bv †gŠmy‡g KPzwicvbv, Lo, Avbvi‡mi cvZv ev ïKbv Nvm w`‡q Mv‡Qi †Mvovi gvwU †X‡K w`‡j Nvm Kg nq Ges gvwU‡Z im msi¶Y nq| GKvi‡b dj eo nq| AvMvQv `gbt fv‡jv dmj †c‡Z n‡j Avbvi‡mi evMvb AvMvQvgy³ ivL‡Z n‡e| Avbvi‡mi wkKo gvwUi Mfx‡i hvq bv (Shallow rooted)| myZivs AvMvQv mgqgZ cwi®‹vi bv Ki‡j dmj `ye©j n‡q c‡o| †gŠmygx e„wói ïiæi mv‡_ mv‡_ ˆR¨‡ô (†g-Ryb) GKevi, Ges el©v †k‡l KvwZ©‡K (A‡±vei-b‡f¤î) Avi GKevi evMv‡b AvMvQv cwi¯‹vi, Avbvi‡mi giv I ïK‡bv cvZv †e‡Q

†djv Ges GKB mv‡_ mvi cÖ‡qvM AZ¨šÍ cÖ‡qvRbxq| cÖ_g dm‡ji dj Avni‡Yi ci gywo (Ratoon) dm‡ji Rb¨ A‡±vei-b‡f¤i gv‡m Pviv fv½v, AvMvQv cwi®‹vi, Avbvim Mv‡Qi ïK‡bv I giv cvZv evQvB Ges mvi cÖ‡qvM AZ¨vek¨K| dzj I d‡ji hZœt Mv‡Q 40-50 wU cvZv n‡j mvaviYfv‡e ‡ivc‡Yi ci 14 †_‡K 16 gvm eq‡mi Mv‡Q dzj Av‡m| Z‡e cwi‡ek I cwiPh©v hZB fv‡jv †nvK G mgq †gvUvgywU kZKiv 60 fvM Mv‡Q dj Av‡m| Aewkó kZKiv 40 fvM Mv‡Qi me¸‡jv‡Z A_ev wKQy msL¨K Mv‡Q kªveY (RyjvB-AvMó) gv‡m dzj Av‡m Ges A‡gŠmy‡g AMÖnvqb (b‡f¤î-wW‡m¤î) gv‡m dj AvniY Kiv

‡ivc‡Yi ci 14 †_‡K 16 gvm eq‡mi Mv‡Q dzj Av‡m| Ges †gvUvgywU kZKiv 60 fvM Mv‡Q dj Av‡m|

dj Pvl


hvq| Z‡e 15-16 gvm eq‡mi Avbvim Mv‡Q B‡_ªj (2- †K¬v‡ivB_vBj dm‡dvwbK GwmW) 500 wcwcGg Ges K¨vjwmqvg Kve©vBW 10,000 wcwcGg cÖ‡qv‡M kZKiv 80-90 fvM Mv‡Q dj

Av‡m Ges GwU jvfRbK| kZKiv 5 †_‡K 10 fvM dj m~h©Zv‡c ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq| we‡kl K‡i dj hw` †n‡j c‡o Z‡e m~h©Zvc Gi †Kvl¸‡jv bó n‡q hvq| †mRb¨ dj Lvov ivLvi Rb¨ cÖwZwUi †Mvovq KvwV cuy‡Z †eu‡a w`‡Z nq| ZvQvov Avbvim Mv‡Qi cvZv¸‡jv d‡ji Pviw`K

w`‡q Ici w`‡K DwV‡q †eu‡a †`qv A_ev ïK‡bv AvMvQv w`‡q dj †X‡K w`‡j m h©Zv‡c d‡ji ¶wZ nq bv| †ivM I †cvKvgvKo `gbt mvaviYZt Avbvim dm‡ji †Zgb †cvKvgvKo †ivMevjvB bvB| wgwjevM Rvqv›U wKD Avbvi‡mi gvivZ¥K ¶wZ K‡i Ges wbtm„Z welv³ i‡m wkK‡oi e„w× eÜ

n‡q hvq Ges cieZ©x‡Z cPb a‡i Ges MvQ X‡j c‡o| Aí ¯^í n‡j MvQ DwV‡q ` ‡i wb‡q cy‡o ev cuy‡Z †dj‡Z n‡e| AvµgY e¨vcK n‡j 2 wg. wj. WvqvwRbb 60 Bwm A_ev 5 wg. wj Wzimevb ev cvBwid&m 20 Bwm cÖwZ wjUvi cvwb‡Z wgwk‡q †¯úª Ki‡j wgwjevM `gb nq| ZvQvov cuPv †iv‡Mi Kvi‡Y (Heart rot) cÖ_‡g wfZ‡ii cvZvq cuPb a‡i Ges cieZ©x‡Z G †ivM cvk¦©eZ©x

cvZvmg ‡n we¯ vi jvf K‡i| G‡¶‡Î 0.2% wi‡Wvwgj mwjDkb w`‡q Mv‡Qi †Mvovi gvwU mgvbfv‡e wfwR‡q w`‡j G †ivM `gb nq|

dj AvniY I djb Avbvim dmj fv‡jv n‡j †n±i cÖwZ 30 †_‡K 50 Ub dj cÖwZ eQi AvniY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| AšÍZtc‡¶ d‡ji †evuUvi w`K †_‡K Pvi fv‡Mi GK fvM cvK‡jB dj AvniY (Harvest) Kiv

DwPZ| dj cwic° n‡j meyR is K‡g hvq Ges cvKv ïi€ Ki‡j †Pv‡Li gaëZ©x ¯’v‡b †mvbvjx njy` (Golden yellow) is aviY K‡i| Avbvim dj Avni‡Yi mgq aviv‡jv PvKz w`‡q 5 †m. wg. †evuUv †i‡L KvU‡Z nq| gywo dmj (Ratoon crop)

20-22 gvm ci cÖ_g dmj Avni‡Yi ci cÖwZ Mv‡Q gvÎ GKwU mvKvi †i‡L evKx Ab¨vb¨ Pviv †d‡j w`‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡bv Ae ’v‡ZB yÕwU Pvivi †ewk ivLv wVK bv| Gici Avbvim evMvbwU AvMvQvgy³ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Avbvi‡m cuPv I ïK‡bv cvZv †e‡Q †dj‡Z n‡e| Zvici cÖ_g dmj †ivc‡Yi Av‡M †h me mvi †`qv n‡qwQj A_©vr ˆRemvi, wUGmwc Ges wRcmvg GKB cwigvY cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e| cieZ©x‡Z GKB wbq‡g BDwiqv I Ggwc Dcwi cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e| h_vh_ cwiPh©v Ki‡j ci ci yÕwU gywo dmj †bqv hvq hv AwaKZi jvfRbK| Z‡e Kvcvwmqv AÂ‡j †Nvovkvj Rv‡Zi 60-70

eQ‡ii evMvb i‡q‡Q| Gme evMv‡b Mv‡Qi e„w× AZ¨šÍ PgrKvi Ges djbI fv‡jv| Abykxjb (Activity) t Avbvi‡mi eske„w×i Rb¨ KZ iK‡gi Pviv cvIqv hvq G‡ì msw¶ß eY©bv w`b |

mvigg© t Avbvim UK-wgwó imv‡jv †hŠwMK dj hv m‡ivwmm bv‡g cwiwPZ| Gi DrcwË¯’j `w¶Y Av‡gwiKvi eªvwRj ev c¨viv¸‡q AÂ‡j| evsjv‡`‡ki wm‡jU I cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg AÂ‡j Gi e¨vcK Pvlvev` n‡”Q | Avbvi‡mi wZbwU RvZ nvwbKzBb, Rvqv›U wKD I †Nvovkvj evsjv‡`‡k eûj cÖPwjZ| MvQ wØel©Rxex Ges GKwU MvQ GKevi gvÎ GKwU dj w`‡q _v‡K|

cuvP iK‡gi mvKvi w`‡q A½uR c×wZ‡Z Gi esk we¯ vi Kiv nq| †h‡nZz †ewki fvM Pviv

dj cwic° n‡j meyR is K‡g hvq Ges cvKv ïiæ Ki‡j †Pv‡Li gaëZ©x ¯’v‡b †mvbvjx njy` is aviY K‡i|

h_vh_ cwiPh©v Ki‡j ci ci yÕwU gywo dmj †bqv hvq|

dj Pvl


Avwk¦b-KvwZ©‡K cvIqv hvq myZivs Pviv¸‡jv †cŠl-gv‡N †ivcY Ki‡Z nq| Avbvi‡mi wkKo gvwUi Mfx‡i hvq bv| myZivs evMv‡b AvMvQv cwi®‹vi Riæix| †ivc‡Yi ci 14-16 gvm eq‡mi Mv‡Q dzj Av‡m| wKš‘ kZKiv 60 fvM Mv‡Q dj Av‡m| Z‡e B_‡ij 500 wcwcGg ev K¨vjwmqvg Kve©vBW 10,000 wcwcGg cÖ‡qv‡M kZKiv 80-90 fvM Mv‡Q dj Av‡m| †n±i cÖwZ 30-50 Ub djb nq| h_vh_ cwiPh©v Ki‡j yÕwU gywo dmj cvIqv hvq|

cv‡VvËi g j¨vqb 6.1

1| wb‡Pi evK¨¸‡jv mZ¨ n‡j ÔmZ¨Õ Ges wg_¨v n‡j Ôwg_¨vÕ wjLyb| K) Avbvi‡mi Pvl DËi I `w¶Y †Mvjv‡a©i 340 A¶vs‡ki g‡a¨ mxwgZ|

L) nvwbKzBb RvZwU Kv‡qb Mªy‡ci AšÍfy©³| M) Avbvi‡mi MvQ wØel©Rxex Ges GKwU MvQ GKevi gvÎ dj w`‡q _v‡K| N) d‡ji Ici †QvU †QvU A‡bK cvZvi mgš^‡q µvDb Pviv MwVZ nq| O) †gŠmygx e„wó ïiæi mv‡_ mv‡_ Ges el©v †k‡l Avi GKevi evMv‡b AvMvQv cwi®‹vi

Kiv †gv‡UB cÖ‡qvRbxq bq| 2| k~b¨ ’vb c~iY Kiæb| K) ˆRemvi mg„× ..................... Avbvim fv‡jv R‡b¥| L) Avbvim GKwU †hŠwMK dj hv ......................... bv‡g cwiwPZ| M) d‡ji †euvUv †_‡K ............... Pviv †ei nq| N) ¯^xq ..................... Kvi‡Y AcivMvwqZ d‡ji m„wó nq| O) Mv‡Q ................ wU cvZv n‡j mvaviYfv‡e †ivc‡Yi ci 14-16 gvm eq‡mi

Mv‡Q dzj Av‡m| 3| mwVK DË‡ii cv‡k wUK wPý (√) w`b|

i) Avbvi‡mi RvZmg n‡K KZwU †kªwY‡Z evM Kiv n‡q‡Q? K) 2 wU L) 3 wU M) 4 wU N) 5 wU ii) †ic‡Yi ci KZ gv‡mi eq‡mi Avbvim Mv‡Q dzj Av‡m? K) 10 - 12 gvm L) 12 - 14 gvm M) 14 - 16 gvm N) 16 - 18 gvm

�

dj Pvl


cvV 6.2 Kjv

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb − � Kjvi DrcwË ’j, Drcv`b, cywógvb I eënvi m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|

� Kjvi Dw™¢`ZvwË¡K weeiY, RvZmg n I esk we¯Ívi m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| � Kjvi Rjevqy I gvwU m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| � Kjvi Pvlvev` cÖYvwj m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

DrcwË ’j c„w_ex‡Z cÖ_g †h KÕwU dmj Avev` ïiæ Kiv nq Kjv Zvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| gnvgwZ Av‡jKRvÛvi Lªªxóc~e© 327 A‡ã wmÜz b‡ì DcZ¨Kvq Kjvi Pvl †`L‡Z cvb| Dò I Av ª©

AÂ‡ji dmj n‡”Q Kjv| Gwkqvi Dò I Av`ª© `w¶Y-c e© AÂ‡jB Kjvi DrcwË ’j (Centre

of origin) e‡j A‡b‡K g‡b K‡ib| A‡b‡Ki g‡Z Avmvg-wgqvbgvi-B‡›`vPxb AÂ‡jB Kjvi DrcwË¯’j|

Drcv`b

eZ©gv‡b welye‡iLvi Dfq cv‡k¦© 300 DËi Ges 300 `w¶Y A¶vsk ch©šÍ me Dò I Av`ª©

†`kmg ‡n Kjv Pvl n‡”Q | me‡P‡q †ewk †h †`kmg ‡n Kjvi Pvl nq †m¸‡jv n‡”Q - Gwkqv gnv‡`‡ki BwÛqv, wdwjcvBb, _vBj¨vÛ, Avwd«Kv gvnv‡`‡ki DMvÛv, K‡½v, Zvb‡Rwbqv, AvBfvi‡Kvó, eyiæwÛ, †Kwbqv Ges `w¶Y Av‡gwiKvi- Kjw¤qv, eªvwRj, BKz‡qWi I †fwbRy‡qjv| Ab¨vb¨ †h †`kmg~‡n Kjvi Avev` we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ †c‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv n‡”Q - evsjv‡`k, kªxjsKv, `w¶Y Pvqbv, ZvBIqvb, B‡›`v‡bwkqv, wdwR, BmivBj, wgki, Nvbv, `w¶Y Avwd«Kv, nvIqvB, †d¬vwiWv, KzBÝj¨vÛ, K¨vwiweqvb AvBj¨vÛm I K¨vbvwi AvBj¨vÛm| evsjv‡`‡k eZ©gv‡b 39,000 †n±i Rwg‡Z Kjvi Pvl nq Ges 625,000 Ub Kjv Drcvw`Z nq| d‡ji †gvU Rwgi 19.3 fvM Rwg‡Z Kjvi Pvl n‡”Q Ges Drcvw`Z †gvU d‡ji kZKiv 38.8 fvMB n‡”Q Kjv|

cywógvb I eënvi

cywógvb me cÖ‡qvRbxq cywó †hgb- Lv`¨cÖvY I LwbR Kjv‡Z i‡q‡Q| cÖwZ 100 MÖvg f¶Y‡hvM¨ (cvKv Kjvi) As‡k AvbygvwbK cvwb- 70 MÖv. , Avwgl- 1.2 MÖv., Pwe©- 0.3 MÖv., kK©iv-27 MÖv., Auvk- 0.5 MÖv. Ges cUvwkqvg 400 wg. MÖv. i‡q‡Q| Kjv Lv`¨cÖvY wm I we-6 mg„×| ZvQvov G‡Z mvgvb¨ cwigvY Lv`¨cÖvY-G, w_qvwgb, wi‡ev‡d¬web I wbqvwbb Av‡Q| eënvi Kjv mvaviYZ cvKv dj wn‡m‡eB LvIqv nq| Z‡e cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i Kjv †_‡K wewfbœ iK‡gi Lvevi ˆZwi Kiv hvq| Kjvi A‡bK RvZ Av‡Q †h¸‡jv mewR wn‡m‡e LvIqv nq| DMvÛv Ges ZvbRvwbqvi A‡bK DcRvwZ Kjv cÖavb Lv`ïƒ‡c (staple food) MÖnY K‡i _v‡K| KjvMv‡Qi

†Kv‡bv AskB †djbv bq| cvZv I KvÛ Mi€i Lvevi, Gi †_vi I †gvPv mewR wn‡m‡e eënvi nq|

welye‡iLvi 300 DËi Ges `w¶Y A¶vs‡ki Dò I Av ª© †`kmg~‡n Kjv Pvl nq|

DMvÛv Ges ZvbRvwbqvi A‡bK DcRvwZi cÖavb Lv`¨ Kjv|

dj Pvl


Dw™¢`ZvwË¡K weeiY, RvZmg~n I esk we¯Ívi

Dw™¢`ZvwË¡K weeiY KjvMvQ GKwU exiær †kªwYi (herb) , GKexR cÎx Ges Jlwa Dw™¢`| Gi gvwUi wb‡P KvÛ h_v K›` (corm) i‡q‡Q| K›` †_‡K mvKvi (Sucker) ev Pviv †ei nq| gvwUi Ic‡i MvQwU †Pv½vK…wZi Ges †WMv (sheath) GKUvi ci GKUv Rwo‡q a‡i ‡cvkvwKKvÛ (pseudostem) ‰Zwi K‡i| GB Kv‡Ûi gv‡S w`‡q bZzb cÎdjK k³fv‡e †cuPv‡bv Ae¯’vq Dc‡i †ei nq| mvaviYZ

KjvMv‡Q 30wU cvZv nq| kxl©cvZv (Flag leaf) bv Avmv ch©šÍ cvZvi AvKvi µgvš^‡q evo‡Z _v‡K| GKwU my¯’ Mv‡Q 10-15 wU ZvRv cvZv _v‡K| Kv‡Ûi gvSw`‡q Dc‡i †ei n‡q Sz‡j c‡ov cy®úgÄix †¯úwW¯‹ (spadix) ai‡bi Ges †bŠKvi gZ †WMv (sheath) Øviv Ave„Z _v‡K| cy®úgÄixi †Mvovi w`‡K ¿x I Dfqwj½x Ges WMvi w`‡K cyiæl I Acyó dzj _v‡K|

Kjv Dw™¢` weÁv‡b Musaceae cwiev‡ii Genus (MY) Musa Gi AšÍ fy©³| mvaviYfv‡e exRnxb cvKv Ae¯’vq f¶Y‡hvM¨ RvZ¸‡jv M. sapientum, evgb RvZ¸‡jv M. cavendishii Ges AvbvRx Kjvi RvZ¸‡jv M. Paradisiaca cÖRvwZi AšÍfy©³ e‡j MY¨ Kiv nq|

wPÎ 6.2.1t Pv¤žv Rv‡Zi Kjv RvZmg~n evsjv‡`‡k A‡bK Kjvi RvZ i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv wZbwU †kªwY‡Z wef³t (1) cvKv Ae¯’vq

f¶Y‡hvM¨ exRnxb RvZmg n (2) exwP Kjv ev AvBUv Kjvi RvZmg n Ges (3) AvbvRx ev

gvwUi Dc‡i MvQwU †Pv½vK…wZi Ges †WMv GKUvi ci GKUv Rwo‡q a‡i K…wÎg KvÛ ‰Zwi K‡i|

mvaviYZt KjvMv‡Q 30wU cvZv nq|

dj Pvl


mewR wn‡m‡e eëüZ Kjvi RvZmg~n| cvKv Ae¯’vq f¶Y‡hvM¨ exRnxb A‡bK Kjvi RvZ i‡q‡Q| Z‡e me RvZ eûj cÖPwjZ bq ev eëmvwqK wfwË‡Z Pvl nq bv| G¸‡jvi †ek wKQy RvZ A‡bK Av‡M we‡`k †_‡K cÖeZ©b Kiv nq †hgb RvnvRx ev Kveyjx, emivB I jvKvUvb| eûj cÖPwjZ Ges evwYwR¨K wfwË‡Z Avev` nq Ggb KÕwU RvZ n‡”Q Ag„Z mvMi, mewi (ivRkvnx‡Z Abycg Ges iscy‡i eZ©gvb bv‡g cwiwPZ), Keix, (evsjv Kjv bv‡gI eûj cwiwPZ) I Pv¤úv| GKgvÎ Keix‡Z yÕGKwU exR cvIqv hvq| Ag„ZmvMi ev mvMi Kjv t GRvZwU eûj cwiwPZ| cÂv‡ki `k‡K GRvZwUi Avev` gywÝM‡Äi ivgcvj AÂ‡jB mxgve× wQj| cieZ©x‡Z bswms`x AÂ‡j Gi Pvl cÖmvi jvf K‡i| eZ©gv‡b e¸ov, bv‡Uvi, h‡kvi Ges †`‡ki wewfbœ AÂ‡j Gi Pvl n‡q _v‡K| MvQ 2.0 †_‡K 2.5 wg. DuPy nq| cvZvi †evuUv I ga¨wkiv †e¸wb is‡qi| 10-15 wU mvKvi †`q| Z‡e MvQ Lye big| Aí evZv‡mB †f‡½ c‡o| cvKv Kjv Lye D¾j njy` e‡Y©i n‡q _v‡K| †L‡Z LyeB my¯^v`y| cÖwZ Kuvw`‡Z 5-7 wU Qov nq Ges cÖ‡Z¨K Qovq 12-13 wU K‡i Kjv _v‡K| Kuvwì Mo IRb 12 †KwR| mewi t mewi GKwU DrK…ó Rv‡Zi Kjv| DËi-cwð‡gi †Rjv¸‡jv‡ZB Gi me©vwaK Pvl n‡q _v‡K| njy`vf meyR KvÛ, cvZvi †KuvUv I †WMvi (leaf sheath) wKbviv jvj| MvQ 2.4 †_v‡K 3.0 wg. j¤v n‡q _v‡K| 5 †_‡K 8 wU mvKvi Drcbœ K‡i| Kuvwì IRb 10 †KwR| GK Kuvw`‡Z 85 †_‡K 120 wU Kjv _v‡K| cvKv Kjvi is †mvbvjx njy`, myevmhy³ I mym¦v`y| Kjvi wKQy wKQy As‡k KLbI KLbI `jv`jv (Clod) _v‡K| Keix t mvavi‡bi Kv‡Q we‡kl K‡i cve©Z¨ AÂ‡j Keix GKwU RbwcÖq Kjv| Gi MvQ mn‡R fv‡½ bv Ges Aí h‡Zœ nq| MvQ 2.6 wg. †_‡K 3.0 wg. DuPz nq Ges MvQ cÖwZ Qq †_‡K AvUwU mvKvi Drcbœ nq| cÖwZ Kuvw`‡Z 80 †_‡K 160 wU Kjv a‡i| cvKv Kjvi is aymi e‡Y©i n‡q _v‡K| Gi kuvm wgwó Z‡e yÕGKwU exR Av‡Q| Kuvwì Mo IRb 14 †KwR|

Pv¤úv t MvQ Lye k³ Ges Pvi wgUvi ch©šÍ j¤^v n‡q _v‡K| cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg, PÆMÖvg I ewikv‡j Gi e¨vcK Pvl nq| GwU evsjv Kjv bv‡gI cwiwPZ| cÖwZ Kuvw`‡Z 150 †_‡K 250 wU Kjv nq| Kuvwì Mo IRb 16 †KwR| GRvZwU evbwPUc (Bunchy top) I cvbvgv †ivM (Panama wilt) Gi cÖwZ‡iva ¶gZv m¤úbœ| ¯v^‡` UK UK g‡b nq| Z‡e LyeB my¯^v`y| cvKv Kjvi is †mvbvjx njy`| †g‡nimvMi t GwU Cavendishii cÖRvwZi AšÍf©y³| cwðg evsjvq GwU Rvqv›U MfY©i (Giant

Governor) bv‡g cwiwPZ| †g‡nicyi †Rjvq cÖ_g Gi Avev` ïiæ nq| ZvB K…wl m¤žÖmviY wefvM Gi bvg w`‡q‡Q †g‡nimvMi| Kuvwì IRb 15 †KwR| GwU evbwPUc I wmMv‡UKv †iv‡M

†ewk AvµvšÍ nq| cvKv Kjvi is meyRvf njy`| esk we Ívi t Kjvi eske„w× mvaviYZ gvwUi wb‡Pi K›` †_‡K A‡hŠbfv‡e Drcbœ Pviv ev mvKvi Øviv n‡q _v‡K| g~j K›` (Mother Corm ) †_‡K †mvW© mvKvi (Sword sucker) †ei nq| G cÖKv‡ii

mvKv‡ii †Mvov †gvUv I gReyZ nq Ges cÎdjK miæ ev MvQ AvNvZcÖvß ev †ivMvµvšÍ n‡j A_ev dj Avni‡Yi ci IqvUvi mvKvi (Water sucker) bv‡g Avi GK cÖKv‡ii mvKvi †ei nq|

Kjvi eske„w× mvaviYZ gvwUi wb‡Pi K›` †_‡K A‡hŠbfv‡e Drcbœ Pviv ev mvKvi Øviv n‡q _v‡K|

dj Pvl


Gi KvÛ wbP †_‡K Ici ch©šÍ mgvb, cÎdjK cÖk¯Í Z‡e cv‡k Qov‡bv Ges KvÛ ye©j| KjvMv‡Qi eske„w×i Rb¨ †mvW© mvKvi eënv‡ii mycvwik Kiv nq|

Rjevqy I gvwU

Rjevqy t Dò I Av`ª© AvenvIqvq Kjv fv‡jv R‡b¥| 150 †_‡K 350 †mt ZvcgvÎv Gi e„w×i Rb¨ AbyK‚j| cÖwZgv‡m 20 †m. wg. e„wó KjvMv‡Qi e„w×i AbyK‚j| gv‡m 10 †m. wg. Gi wb‡P e„wó n‡j KjvMv‡Q †mP †`qv cÖ‡qvRb| b‡Pr Mv‡Qi e„w× K‡g hvq| KjvMvQ S‡ovevZvm mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| gvwU t hwÌ Kjvi dmj Avev‡ì Rb¨ A‡bK cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb nq wKš‘ Kjv Rjve×Zv mn¨

Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Kjvi wkKo ‡h‡nZz gvwUi wfZi 90 †m. wg. ch©šÍ cÖ‡ek K‡i wKš‘ †ewki fvM wkKo gvwUi 45 †m. wg. g‡a¨B mxgve× _v‡K| ZvB ˆRemvi mg„× Ges cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi myweavhy³ DuPz Rwg †hLv‡b eb¨vi cvwb Av‡m bv Ges e„wói cvwb R‡gbv Kjv Pv‡li Rb¨ me‡P‡q fv‡jv| eë¯’vcbv fv‡jv n‡j Kjv Pv‡li Rb¨ gvwU †Kv‡bv mgm¨v bq| Z‡e gvwUi pH 4.5 †_‡K 7.5 nIqv PvB|

Pvlvev` cÖYvwj

Rwg ˆZwi

evievi Pvl w`‡q Rwg fv‡jvfv‡e ˆZwi K‡i wb‡Z nq| Gici 2 × 2 wgUvi ` i‡Z¡ KvwV cyu‡Z mvKvi †ivc‡Yi RvqMv wPwýZ Kiv nq| KvwVwU‡K †K›`ª K‡i 50 †m. wg. e¨vmv‡a©i 50 †m. wg. Mfxi K‡i MZ© Lyuo‡Z nq| Gmgq M‡Z©i Dc‡ii gvwU (Top soil) Avjv`v ivL‡Z n‡e| 10-15 w`b MZ©wU Db¥y³ †d‡j evLvB fv‡jv| cÖ_‡g ˆRemvi Avjv`v evLv Dc‡ii gvwUi mv‡_ wgwk‡q M‡Z© †dj‡Z n‡e| Gici gvwU w`‡q MZ©wU m¤ú~Y© f‡i †dj‡Z n‡e| mvi mv‡ii wnmve MvQ cÖwZ KivB fv‡jv| cÖwZ eQi MvQ cÖwZ ˆRe ev †Mvei mvi 12 †KwR, BDwiqv 120 MÖvg, wUGmwc 250 MÖvg, Ggwc 120 MÖvg, wRcmvg 110 MÖvg Ges wRsK mvj‡dU 25 MÖvg †`qvi mycvwik Kiv nq| Rwg ˆZwii †kl ch©v‡q MvQ cÖwZ wnmve K‡i A‡×©K †Mveimvi Rwg‡Z wQwU‡q gvwUi mv‡_ wgwk‡q w`‡Z n‡e| 2 ×2 wg. ` i‡Z¡ mvKvi †ivcY Ki‡j 2500 Mv‡Qi Rb¨ †n±‡i 30 Ub †Mveimvi cÖ‡qvRb| Gi A‡a©K Rwg ˆZwii †kl ch©v‡q Rwg‡Z wQwU‡q gvwUi mv‡_ wgwk‡q w`‡Z n‡e| evwK A‡a©K †Mvei mvi Ges m¤úY© wUGmwc, wRcmvg Ges wRsK mvj‡dU Pviv †ivc‡Yi Av‡M M‡Z©i Dc‡ii 25 †m. wg. gvwUi g‡a¨ wgkv‡Z n‡e| Pviv †ivc‡Yi `yÕgvm ci †_‡K ïi€ K‡i BDwiqv I Ggwc mvi mgvb Qq wKw¯ ‡Z ygvm cici Dcwi cÖ‡qvM (Top dressing) Ki‡Z nq| G¸‡jv Kjv evMv‡b wQwU‡q gvwUi mv‡_ wggv‡Z nq| gvwU‡Z Ô†hvÕ _vK‡jB mvi wQUv‡Z I wgkv‡Z nq| b‡Pr mvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi ci †mP w`‡Z n‡e| Pviv †ivcY t M‡Z© mvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi ci Pviv †ivcb Ki‡Z nq| †mvW© mvKvi †ivcY KivB DËg| †ivc‡Yi mgq Pvivi D”PZv KZUzKz Zvi PvB‡Z K‡›ì IRb KZ †ewk †mUv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| K‡›ì IRb hZ †ewk n‡e ZZ Kg mg‡q MvQ dj I dzj †`‡e| 3.0 †_‡K 5.0 †KwR IR‡bi K›` †ivcY KivB †kªq| gvZ…MvQ †_‡K K›`mn mvKvi Avjv`v Kivi ci Zv mivmwi †ivcY Kiv hvq| wKš‘ `~ieZ©x ¯’v‡b wb‡Z n‡j K‡›ì 5 †m. wg. Dc‡i Pviv †K‡U †d‡j ïay K›` †bqvB fv‡jv| †ivc‡Yi c~‡e© K‡›ì wkKo QvUvB K‡i WvB‡_b Gg-45 (0.2%) mwjDk‡b Wzwe‡q Qvqvq

eb¨vi cvwb †Xv‡Kbv Ges e„wói cvwb uvovq bv Ggwb cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi myweavhy³ DuPz Rwg Kjv Pv‡li Rb¨ wbe©vPb Kiv DËg|

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ïwK‡q w`‡Z cvi‡j Lye fv‡jv nq| Gici K›`¸‡jv M‡Z©i gvwUi 20-25 †m. wg. Mfx‡i †ivcY Ki‡Z nq| †m‡Þ¤i-A‡±vei ev Rvbyqvwi-‡deªyqvwi K›` ev mvKvi †evc‡Yi Rb¨ DËg mgq| Z‡e †m‡Pi eë¯’v bv _vK‡j, G‡Kev‡i e„wó wbf©i n‡j †gŠmygx e„wó ïiæi ci êkvL-‰R¨ô (April-May) gv‡m Kjvi mvKvi ev K›` †ivcY Kiv fv‡jv| ïK‡bv †gŠmy‡g we‡kl K‡i Rvbyqvwi-‡deªyqvwi gv‡m †ivc‡Yi ciciB GKwU †mP Lye DcKvix| cwiPh©v

†mP t Kjv Mv‡Qi Rwg G‡Kev‡i ïwK‡q †h‡Z †`qv DwPZ bq| ZvB ïK‡bv †gŠmy‡g 15-20 w`b cici †m‡Pi cÖ‡qvRb nq| MvQ e„w×i cÖ_g Ae¯’vq we‡kl K‡i †ivc‡Yi cÖ_g Pvigvm Kjv evMvb AvMvQv gy³ ivLv Lye Riæix| †h‡nZz KjvMv‡Qi wkKo gvwUi Aí wb‡PB _v‡K ZwB AvMvQv e„w×‡K evavMÖ¯’ K‡i| Avevi Kjv evMv‡bi cvwb bv R‡g †mw`‡K cÖLi „wó ivL‡Z nq| cÖ‡qvRb n‡j cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi bvjv †K‡U w`‡Z n‡e| mv‡ii Dcwi cÖ‡qvM (Top dressing) t h_vµ‡g AvMvQv cwi®‹v‡ii ciciB w`‡Z n‡e Ges mvi †`qvi ci gvwU‡Z †Zgb im bv _vK‡j †mP w`‡Z nq| mvi Mv‡Qi Pviw`‡K bv wQwU‡q eis yB mvwii gvSLvb w`‡q wQwU‡q wUjvi w`‡q Pvl KivB fv‡jv| K`vj w`‡q Kzwc‡q mvi wgkv‡bv hvq A_ev wWewjs (Dibling method) c×wZ‡Z mvi †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| AvšÍtdmj t mvKvi †ivc‡bi cÖ_g 4-5 gvm ej‡Z †M‡j Rwg duvKvB _v‡K| hw` †m‡Þ¤i-A‡±ve‡i Pviv †ivcY Kiv nq Z‡e Kjv evMv‡bi g‡a¨ AvšÍtdmj (Intercropping) Abvqv‡m iwe †gŠmy‡gi mewR Pvl Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Gme AvšÍtdm‡ji Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mvi w`‡Z n‡e| gvN gv‡m (Rvbyqvwi-‡deªyqvwi) mvKvi †ivcY Ki‡jI AvšÍtdmj wn‡m‡e Kzgov, wgwó Kzgov, kkv BZ¨vw` dmj K‡i evowZ Avq Kiv hvq| gywo dmj t mvKvi †ivc‡Yi 4-5 gvm ci †_‡K mvKvi †ei nIqv ïiæ K‡i| KjvMv‡Q †_vi

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Banana Leaf and Fruit

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Steam Weevil yÕwU gviv³K ¶wZKi †cvKv|

Kjvi cvbvgv †ivM GKwU gvivÍK †ivM|

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cv‡VvËvi g~j¨vqb 6.2

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L) KjvMvQ S‡ov evZvm mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

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cywógvb I eënvi

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cvKv dj wn‡m‡e GwU me©Î Av „Z Ges evsjv‡`k mn A‡bK †`‡kB †cu‡c mewR wn‡m‡e RbwcÖq|

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Dw™¢`ZvwË¡K weeiY, RvZmg~n I esk we¯Ívi

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dzj mvaviYZ GKwj½x I

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cÖ_v Abyhvqx (Traditional) 10-15 †m. wg. DuPz 1 _ 3 wg. mvB‡Ri exRZjvq Pviv Drcv`b Kiv ûq| 10-15 †m. wg. DuPz RvqMvi wgkªY n‡e GK-Z…Zxqvsk ˆRe mvi, GK-Z…Zxqvsk evwj Ges GK-Z…Zxqvsk gvwU| Gi mv‡_ A‡a©K †KwR wUGmwc mvi wgkv‡j fv‡jv| GiKg exRZjvq 10

†m. wg. ` i‡Z¡i mvwi‡Z 2.5 †m. wg. ` ‡i ` ‡i exR †dj‡Z nq| exR 1.0 †m. wg. gvwUi Mfx‡i w`‡q SiYv w`‡q †mP w`‡j gvwU †P‡c hvq| cÖwZw`bB cvwb w`‡Z nq| Pviv bv MRv‡bv

ch©šÍ exRZjv 15 †m. wg. DuPz K‡i Lo w`‡q †X‡K †`qv fv‡jv| 2-3 mßv‡ni g‡a¨ Pviv †ei nq| exR ec‡bi ci 50-60 w`‡bi eq‡mi Pviv Rwg‡Z †ivc‡Yi Dchy³ nq| GK †n±i Rwgi Rb¨ Pviv ˆZwi Ki‡Z cÖvq 500 MÖvg ex‡Ri cÖ‡qvRb nq| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e cÖwZ M‡Z© wZbwU K‡i Pviv †ivcY Ki‡Z nq|

Rjevqy I gvwU

Rjevqy Dò I Av ª© AvenvIqvq †cu‡c fv‡jv R‡b¥, 210 †_‡K 300 †mt ZvcgvÎv †cu‡ci e„w×i Rb¨ DËg| mgy`ªc„ô †_‡K 1000 wg. &&&&&D”P f‚wg‡ZI Gi Avev` n‡Z cv‡i| evsjv‡`‡ki AvenvIqvq †cu‡c me©ÎB jvfRbK fv‡e Pvl Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| gvwU

cÖwZ M‡Z© wZbwU Pviv †ivcb Ki‡j AšÍZ GKwU ¯¿x MvQ cvIqv hvq|

we‡kl †Kv‡bv RvZ msi¶Y I Avev` Ki‡Z PvB‡j wbqwš¿Z civMvq‡Yi gva¨‡g exR Dr -cv`b Kiv DwPZ|

Dò I Av ª© AvenvIqvq †cu‡c fv‡jv R‡b¥|

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†cu‡c wPinwir †kªwYi MvQ Ges mviv eQ‡iB dzj I dj w`‡q _v‡K| ZvB m½Z Kvi‡YB LyeB DŸ©i Rwgi cÖ‡qvRb Ges gvwU cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ AbyK’j nIqv PvB| †cu‡ci Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb n‡”Q cvwb Ges gvwUi pH 6.0 †_‡K 6.5 n‡jB †cu‡ci mdj Pvl| Pvlvev` cÖYvwj

Rwg ˆZwi †cu‡ci Rb¨ cÖPzi m~‡h©i Av‡jv cÖ‡qvRb| Rwg Pvl w`‡q fv‡jvfv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici 2

_ 2 wg. ` i‡Z¡ KvwV cuy‡Z †ivc‡Yi RvqMv wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖwZ M‡Z© wZbwU K‡i Pviv †ivcY Ki‡Z n‡j cÖwZ †n±‡i 7500 wU Pvivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| Zvici KvwVwU‡K †K› ª K‡i 50 _ 50 †m. wg. mvB‡R 50 †m. wg. Mfxi K‡i Pviv †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ MZ© ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| mvi cÖ‡qvM †cu‡c Avev‡`i Rb¨ MvQ cÖwZ 10 †KwR ˆRe mvi, 450 MÖvg BDwiqv, 500 MÖvg wUGmwc, 450 MÖvg Ggwc, 240 MÖvg wRcmvg, 6 MÖvg wRsK A·vBW Ges ewiK GwmW 25 MÖvg †`qv cÖ‡qvRb| Rwg ˆZwii †kl Pv‡li mgq MvQ cÖwZ 5 †KwR ˆRe mvi wnmve K‡i m¤úY© Rwg‡Z wQwU‡q gvwUi mv‡_ wgwk‡q w`‡Z n‡e| evwK †Mvei mvi A_©vr 5 †KwR †Mveimvi, Ges m¤ú~Y© wUGmwc, wRcmvg, wRsK A·vBW I ewiK GwmW wfwËmvi wn‡m‡e (Basal dose) Pviv †ivc‡Yi c~‡e© M‡Z©i Dc‡ii 25 †m. wg. gvwUi g‡a¨ †Kv`vj w`‡q wgwk‡q w`‡Z n‡e| BDwiqv Ges Ggwc Pviv

†ivc‡Yi ygvm ci ïiæ K‡i 45 w`b cici cÖ_g wZb wKw¯ MvQ cÖwZ cÖ‡Z¨KwUi 50 MÖvg K‡i Dcwi cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici Mv‡Q dzj Avm‡j GKB weiwZ‡Z 50 MÖv‡gi RvqMvq BDwiqv I Ggwc mvi MvQcÖwZ 100 Mªvg wn‡m‡e Dcwi cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e| Pviv †ivcY

Pviv †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ †m‡Pi myweav _vK‡j †m‡Þ¤i-A‡±vei (Avwk¦b) Ges Rvbyqvwi-†deª€qvwi (gvN) gvm Dchy³ mgq| b‡Pr †gŠmygx e„wó ïiæ n‡j ˆR¨ô gvm DËg| cÖwZwU M‡Z© wZbwU K‡i

Pviv 20 †m. wg. ` i‡Z¡ wÎfzRvKv‡i †ivcY Ki‡Z n‡e| Pviv weKv‡j †ivcY KivB fv‡jv| †ivc‡Yi ciciB †mP †`qv fv‡jv| Gici hZw`b bv Pviv †j‡M D‡V (Establish) ZZw`b †mP †`qvi cÖwZ hZœevb n‡Z n‡e| ï®‹ †gŠmy‡g 15-20 w`b cici †m‡Pi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| cwiPh©v †cu‡c evMvb AvMvQvgy³ ivL‡Z n‡e| ï®‹ †gŠmy‡g 15-20 w`b cici †mP w`‡Z nq| gvwU gv‡S gv‡S nvjKv Kzwc‡q †`qv fv‡jv| †ivc‡Yi 4-5 gvm ci †_‡KB dzj Avmv ïiæ K‡i| dzj †`‡L †KvbwU ¯¿x MvQ ‡KvbwU cyiæl MvQ †Pbv hvq| myZivs Gmgq cÖwZ M‡Z© GKwU K‡i ¯¿x MvQ †i‡L Avi me MvQ †m ¯¿x †nvK ev cyiæl †nvK Dc‡o Zz‡j †dj‡Z n‡e| Z‡e cÖwZ 20wU Mv‡Qi Rb¨

GKwU K‡i cyi€l MvQ ivL‡Z nq hv‡Z civMvq‡Y myweav nq| civMvqY Qvov me ¯¿x dzj S‡i c‡o hv‡e, dj ai‡e bv| d‡ji hZœ t †cu‡c Mv‡Qi cÖwZ c‡e© (Node) dj Av‡m| A‡bK †¶‡Î cÖwZc‡e© GKwUi cwie‡Z© GK mv‡_ †ek KÕwU dj Av‡m Ges G¸‡jv h_vh_ evo‡Z cv‡i bv| Gme †¶‡Î †QvU Ae¯’v‡ZB cÖwZc‡e© `y GKwU dj †i‡L Avi me dj †f‡½ †dj‡Z nq|

dzj Avmvi ci cÖwZ M‡Z© GKwU ¯¿xMvQ †i‡L Ab¨vb¨ MvQ Zz‡j †dj‡Z nq|

†cu‡c MvQ yÔGK N›Uvi R‡b¨I Rjve×Zv mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|

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†ivM t Phytophthora Root Rot †cu‡c Mv‡Qi GKwU gvivZœK †ivM| G †iv‡M Kv‡Ûi †Mvov cu‡P

hvq| G‡¶‡Î AvµvšÍ MvQ yÕGKwU n‡j hZkxNª m¤¢e †cu‡c evMvb †_‡K m‡i †djv DwPZ| †cu‡ci fvBivm †ivM n‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov †cu‡c Mv‡Q Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gvivZœK †ivM ev †cvKvgvKo bvB| dj AvniY t dj aivi `yÕgvm c‡iB mewR wn‡m‡e G¸‡jv evRviRvZKi‡Yi Rb¨ AvniY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cvKv LvIqvi Rb¨ hLbB †cu‡ci Mv‡q GKUz njy` is †`Lv †`q ZLbB AvniY Kiv DwPZ| Mv‡Qi me †cu‡c GKmv‡_ AvniY Kiv hvq bv| hLb †h d‡ji is njy` n‡e ZLbB †mwU AvniY Ki‡Z nq| G Ae¯’vq AvniY Ki‡j †cu‡c m¤ú~Y© cvK‡Z 5 †_‡K 7 w`b mgq wb‡q _v‡K| Avni‡Yi mgq †cu‡c AvNvZ bv cvq †mw`‡K hZœevb n‡Z n‡e| Avni‡Yi ci dj¸‡jv GKmvwi‡Z L‡oi Ici †i‡L Lo w`‡q †X‡K ivL‡j mgvbfv‡e cv‡K| dj aivi 90 †_‡K 100 w`‡bi g‡a¨ dj Avni‡Yi Dchy³ n‡q _v‡K|

hwÌ 2-3 eQi ch©šÍ MvQ fv‡jvfv‡eB dj w`‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ MvQ µ‡gB ye©j n‡q c‡o| dj †QvU nq Ges †cu‡c evMv‡b bvbv †ivM Qwo‡q c‡o| GRb¨ Mv‡Q 30-40 wU dj Avmvi ci Avi dj ai‡Z bv †`qvq fv‡jv| cieZ©x dzj¸‡jv †f‡½ †`qv hvq| Zvn‡j †kl djwU aivi 60 w`b ci hw` MvQ †_‡K me dj AvniY Kiv nq Z‡e G¸‡jvi `yB-Z…Zxqvsk cvKv dj wn‡m‡e evRviRvZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Gfv‡e 14-15 gvm c‡iB †cu‡c evMvb †f‡½ †djv †h‡Z cv‡i| †cu‡ci djb MvQ cÖwZ 15-20 †KwR Ges †n±i cÖwZ 30-50 Ub n‡Z cv‡i|

Abykxjb (Activity) t ¯¿x Ges cyiæl MvQ Kxfv‡e wPwýZ Kiv hv‡e Zv eY©bv Kiæb| cÖwZ

M‡Z© KqwU Pviv Kxfv‡e †ivwcZ n‡e Ges †kl ch©šÍ KqwU Pviv dj avi‡Yi Rb¨ ivL‡Z n‡e Zv Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|

mvigg© t †cu‡c Dò I Av`ª© AvenvIqvq fv‡jv R‡b¥| MvQ mviv eQiB dzj I dj w`‡q _v‡K| mvgvb¨ mg‡qi Rb¨ n‡jI Rjve×Zv Mv‡Qi gvivZœK ¶wZ K‡i _v‡K| cyiæl I ¯¿xdzj Avjv`v Mv‡Q _v‡K| †cu‡c cicivMvwqZ Ges exR Øviv esk we¯Ívi n‡q _v‡K e‡j AmsL¨

cÖKv‡ii †cu‡c †`Lv hvq| we‡kl †Kv‡bvRvZ Avev` I msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡j wbqwš Z civMvq‡Yi gva¨‡g exR Drcv`b Kiv DwPZ| cÖwZ M‡Z© wZbwU †cu‡c Pviv †ivcY Kiv nq|

Zvn‡j cÖwZ M‡Z© AšÍZ GKwU ¯¿xMvQ cvIqv hvq| evMv‡bi kZKiv b~¨bZg 5 fvM cyi€lMvQ civMvq‡Yi myweav‡_© _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| †m‡Pi eë¯’v _vK‡j Avwk¦b/gvN gvm Pviv †ivc‡Yi DËg mgq| ZvQvov †gŠmygx e„wó ïiæ n‡j ˆR¨ô gvm fv‡jv mgq| †ivc‡Yi 4/5 gvm c‡i dzj †`‡L ¿x ev cyiælMvQ †Pbv hvq| ZLb M‡Z© GKwU ¯¿x MvQ †i‡L evKx¸‡jv Dc‡o †dj‡Z nq| dj aivi yÕgvm c‡iB mewR wn‡m‡e LvIqv hvq| cvKv LvIqvi Rb¨ Mv‡Q †cu‡ci Mv‡q GKUz njy` is †`Lv w`‡jB AvniY Kiv DwPZ| †cu‡ci djb MvQ cÖwZ 15-25 †KwR Ges †n±i cÖwZ 30-50 Ub n‡Z cv‡i|

hwÌ 2-3 eQi ch©šÍ †cu‡c MvQ fv‡jvfv‡eB dj w`‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ MvQ µ‡gB ye©j n‡q c‡o|

cvKv LvIqvi Rb¨ hLbB †cu‡ci Mv‡q GKUz njy` is †`Lv †`q ZLbB AvniY Kiv DwPZ|

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cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb 6.3

1| wb‡Pi evK¨¸‡jv mZ¨ n‡j ÔmZ¨Õ Ges wg_¨v n‡j Ôwg_¨vÕ wjLyb| K) †cu‡c GKK mim †eix RvZxq dj|

L) ‡MvkZ wm× Ki‡Z †ccvBb †Kv‡bv Kv‡R jv‡M bv|

M) cyiældzj j¤v cy®úgÄix `‡Û SzjšÍ Ae¯’vq _v‡K| ¯¿xdzj mvaviYZ †evuUvnxb nq|

N) exR cwi®‹vi Kivi ci fv‡jvfv‡e ïwK‡q wbwQ ª Avav‡i (hv‡Z evZvm XzK‡Z bv cv‡i) msi¶Y Ki‡j A‡bK eQi exR bó nq bv|

O) dj wn‡m‡e LvIqvi Rb¨ †cu‡c Mv‡Q fv‡jvfv‡e cvKv‡bv DwPZ| 2| k~Y¨ ’vb c~iY Kiæb|

K) gvwUi wcGBP ...........‡_‡K .......n‡jB †cu‡ci mdj Pvl ev PgrKvi e„w× n‡Z cv‡i|

L) Mv‡Qi KvÛ, cvZv, cvZvi †evuUv Ges dj †_‡K †h mv`v Kl †ei nq Zv‡K .......... e‡j|

M) †cu‡ci dzj mvaviYZ ...............I .............| N) †cu‡ci ex‡Ri Mv‡q †h wcw”Qj c`v_© _v‡K Zv .................... †iva K‡i| O) cÖwZ M‡Z© ..............Pviv †ivc‡Yi civgk© †`Iqv nq| 3| mwVK DË‡ii cv‡k wUK wPý (√) w`b| i) cÖwZ †n±‡i KZwU †c‡ci Pvivi cÖ‡qvRb? K) 5500 wU L) 6500 wU M) 7500 wU N) 8500 wU ii) †cu‡ci gviv³K †ivM †Kvb&wU? K) dvBUc‡_viv iæU iU L) †gvRvBK M) eªvBU N) evwj Uc

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eënvwiK cvV 6.4 Avbvi‡mi wewfbœ ai‡bi Pvivi kbv³KiY I gv‡V †ivcY c×wZ Abykxjb

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb − � Avbvi‡mi wewfbœ ai‡bi Pviv kbv³Ki‡Y m¶g n‡eb| � Avbvi‡mi gv‡V Kx Kx c×wZ‡Z Pviv †ivcY Ki‡Z nq Zv ej‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb| � Avbvi‡mi ‡n±i cÖwZ Kx cwigvY Pviv †ivc‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e Zv wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

Avbvi‡mi esk we¯Ívi A½R c×wZ‡ZB n‡q _v‡K Avbvi‡mi esk i¶vi Rb¨ Pvi †kªwYi mvKvi (Sucker) Drcbœ nq| G¸‡jv n‡”Q (1) µvDb (Crown) (2) wúc (Slips) (3) mvKvi (Sucker or Stem sucker or Shoot sucker) I (4) MÖvDÛ mvKvi (Ground sucker) | ZvQvov †h MvQ dj w`‡q‡Q Zvi KvÛ (Stump) ‡_‡KI Pviv Drcbœ K‡i Avbvi‡mi esk we¯Ívi Kiv hvq| (wPÎ- 6.1.2 †`Lyb) G Pvi cÖKv‡ii Pviv ‡`Lvb n‡jv| G¸‡jvi msw¶ß weeiY wb‡P †`qv n‡jv|

µvDb (gyKzU) Avbvim Mv‡Qi dzj †ei nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ dz‡ji gv_vq ¶z ª¶z`ª cvZv m¤wjZ µvDb †ei nq (wPÎ-6.1.2 †`Lyb)| Rvqv›U wKD Ges nvwbKzBb Rv‡Zi dj e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ µvDbI e„w× cvq| dj hLb cvK‡Z ïiæ K‡i ZLb µvDbmn dj AvniY Kiv nq| d‡ji mv‡_ µvDb _vK‡j dj †ewkw`b msi¶Y Kiv hvq| mvKvi (Sucker or Stem sucker or Shoot sucker) Mv‡Q dj Avmvi wKQyw`b c‡iB cÎv¶ †_‡K ÕmvKviÕ †ei nq| mvaviYZ G¸‡jv mvKvi ev Kv‡Ûi Pviv bv‡gB cwiwPZ (wPÎ- 6.1.2 †`Lyb)| dj Avni‡Yi cÖvq `yÕgvm ci fv`ª-Avwk¦b gv‡m Avbvim evMv‡b h‡_ó im _vKv Ae¯’vq G mvKvi¸‡jv fv½v nq| mvKvi¸‡jv fv½vi ci Qvqv‡Z ivLv nq| Z‡e fv½vi `ymßv‡ni g‡a¨ †ivcY Kiv fv‡jv| hwÌ †h †Kv‡bv IR‡bi mvKvi †ivcY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ 400-500 MÖvg IR‡bi mvKvi †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ †kªq g‡b Kiv nq| wúc (Slips) ev †evuUvi Pviv mvKvi ev Kv‡Ûi Pviv †ei nIqvi ci GRvZxq Pviv A_©vr wúc d‡ji wb‡PB †euvUv †_‡K †ei nq

(wPÎ-6.1.2 †`Lyb)| wúc A‡bK¸‡jv †ei nq| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Rv‡Zi 7-8 wU ch©šÍ †ei nq| G¸‡jv wewfbœ eqm I mvB‡Ri n‡Z cv‡i A_©vr GKB mv‡_ A_ev wewfbœ mg‡q G¸‡jv †ei nq| A‡bK weÁvbx wúc‡K me‡P‡q fv‡jv Pviv e‡j D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| d‡ji mv‡_B wúç‡jv KvUv c‡o| †h¸‡jv 20 †_‡K 30 †m. wg. j¤v Ges 350 †_‡K 450 MÖvg IR‡bi †m¸‡jv mivmwi Rwg‡Z †ivc‡Yi Dchy³| †QvU¸‡jv eo K‡i †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ bvm©vwi‡Z †ivcY Kiv nq| MÖvDÛ mvKvi (Ground Sucker) ev †Mvovi Pviv G Rv‡Zi mvKvi me Mv‡Q Av‡m bv| G mvKvi¸‡jv Kv‡Ûi †h Ask gvwUi KvQvKvwQ A_ev wb‡P, †m Ask †_‡K †ei nq (wPÎ- 6.1.2 †`Lyb)| MÖvDÛ mvKv‡ii wkKo MRvq Ges Zv gvwU‡Z †cÖvw_Z n‡q cywó I cvwb msMÖn K‡i| Ab¨vb¨ Rv‡Z cÖwZ Mv‡Q MÖvDÛ mvKvi Drcbœ nq bv|

Avbvim Mv‡Qi dzj †ei nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ dz‡ji gv_vq ¶z ª¶z ª cvZv m¤wjZ µvDb ev gyKzU †ei nq|

Mv‡Q dj Avmvi wKQy-w`b c‡iB cÎv¶ †_‡K ÕmvKviÕ †ei nq|

d‡ji wb‡P †euvUv †_‡K wúc †ei nq|

MÖvDÛ mvKvi Kv‡Ûi †h Ask gvwUi KvQvKvwQ A_ev wb‡P †m Ask †_‡K †ei nq|

dj Pvl


Rwg‡Z Pviv †ivcY c×wZ Avbvi‡mi Pviv GK mvwi c×wZ A_ev `yB mvwi c×wZ‡Z †ivcY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GK mvwi

c×wZ‡Z 20-25 †m. wg. DuPz K‡i 50 †m. wg. cÖk¯Í myweav Abyhvqx j¤v wgwo ˆZwi Kiæb| `yB

wgwoi gvSLv‡b 50 †m. wg.| cÖk¯Í GKwU bvjv ivLyb| wgwo‡Z Pviv †ivc‡Yi Av‡MB wgwoi gvwUi mv‡_ 1000 Mv‡Qi Rb¨ 20 †KwR †Mvei, 10 †KwR wUGmwc I GK ‡KwR wRcmvg gvwUi mv‡_ fv‡jvfv‡e wgwk‡q wbb| Gici wgwoi gvSLvb w`‡q iwk a‡i ev jvBb †U‡b jvB‡b 40 †m. wg. ~‡i ~‡i Pviv †ivc‡Yi KuvwP w`‡q `vM †K‡U wbb| Gici kvej w`‡q †ivc‡Yi RvqMv 5 †m. wg. cwigvY MZ© K‡i M‡Z©i g‡a¨ Pviv †Mvovi ewm‡q cv‡qi †Mvovwj w`‡q Pvivi Pvicv‡ki gvwU k³ Kiæb| GK mvwi c×wZ‡Z 40 †m. wg. ~i‡Z¡ Pviv †ivcY Ki‡j †n±i cÖwZ 25,000 Pvivi cÖ‡qvRb nq|

`yB mvwi c×wZ‡Z Avbvi‡mi Pviv †ivcY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e yÕmvwi c×wZ‡Z Pviv †ivc‡Yi mycvwik Kiv nq| (wPÎ- 6.1.3 †`Lyb) G `yÕmvwi c×wZ‡Z Pviv †ivcY †`Lvb n‡jv| †ivc‡Yi c~‡e© †`q mv‡ii cwigvY GKmvwi I yÕmvwi c×wZi Rb¨ GKB| `yÕmvwi c×wZ‡Z Rwg‡Z †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ KZ Pviv cÖ‡qvRb Zv wb‡æ ewY©Z dgy©jv Abyhvqx †ei Kiv hvq|

†n±i cÖwZ Pviv †ivc‡Yi msL¨ wbY©q 2 × K Rwg‡Z †ivc‡Yi Pvivi msL¨v = --------------- L × (M + N)

GLv‡b K = Rwgi cwigvY (eM©wgUv‡i) L = GK wgwo †_‡K cvk¦eZ©xi wgwoi `~iZ¡ (wgUv‡i) M = MvQ †_‡K Mv‡Qi ~iZ¡ (wgUv‡i) N = mvwi †_‡K mvwii ~iZ¡ (wgUv‡i)

awi G‡¶‡Î t K = 10,000 eM©wgUvi A_©vr GK †n±i L = 0.5 wgUvi M = 0.4 wgUvi N = 0.5 wgUvi

2 × 10,000 AZGe GK †n±‡i Pvivi cÖ‡qvRb (msL¨v) = -------------------- = 44444 wU 0.5 × ( 0.4 + 0.5)

Avbvi‡mi Pviv GK ev yB mvwi c×wZ‡Z †ivcY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

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cv‡VvËi gyj¨vqb 6.4

1| wb‡Pi evK¨¸‡jv mZ¨ n‡j ÔmZ¨Õ Ges wg_¨v n‡j Ôwg_¨vÕ wjLyb| K) Avbvim Mv‡Qi dzj †ei nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ dz‡ji gv_vq ¶z`ª ¶z ª cvZv m¤^wjZ

µvDb †ei nq| L) Mv‡Q dj Avmvi eûw`b c‡iB cÎv¶ †_‡K mvKvi †ei nq| M) †h wúc¸‡jv 20-30 †m. wg. j¤^v Ges 350-450 MÖvg IR‡bi †m¸‡jv mivmwi

Rwg‡Z †ivcY Ki‡Z nq bv| N) †Mvovi Pviv Kv‡Ûi †h Ask gvwUi KvQvKvwQ A_P wb‡P, †m Ask †_‡K †ei nq| O) GK mvwi c×wZ‡Z Pviv †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ mycvwik Kiv nq| P) msMÖ‡ni ci 5-10 w`b ci Pvivi †Mvovi ïK‡bv I giv cvZv †d‡j w`‡Z n‡e| 2| k~Y¨ ’vb cyiY Kiæb|

K) Mv‡Q dj Avmvi wKQyw`b c‡iB cÎv¶ †_‡K ............... †eo nq| L) Kv‡Ûi †h Ask gvwUi KvQvKvwQ ev wb‡P †h Ask †_‡K ............. †ei nq| M) wúc Pviv d‡ji wb‡P ..................... †_‡K †ei nq| N) MÖvDÛ mvKv‡ii ............................ MRvq Ges Zv gvwU‡Z †cÖvw_Z nq| O) GK †n±‡ii Pvivi msL¨v ................ wU|

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eënvwiK

cvV 6.5 Kjvi wewfbœ ai‡bi Pviv kbv³KiY I gv‡V †ivcY c×wZ Abykxjb

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb − � Kjvi wewfbœ ai‡bi Pviv kbv³Ki‡Y m¶g n‡eb|

� Kjvi gv‡V Pviv †ivc‡Yi mgq, †ivcY `~iZ¡ I †ivcY c×wZ m¤ž‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

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w`‡K †ei nq| †mvW© mvKvi m‡ZR evošÍ Mv‡Qi K‡›ì (Corm) wb‡Pi Ask †_‡K R‡b¥|

Ab¨w`‡K hw` K›` AvNvZcÖvß nq A_ev †bgv‡UvW ev Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv †ivM Øviv AvµvšÍ nq A_ev Kjv Avni‡Yi ci ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y (S‡o ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y MvQ †f‡½ †M‡j) Mv‡Qi †cvlvKxKvÛ †K‡U †djv nq †m‡¶‡Î IqvUvi mvKvi ¸woK‡›ì Dcwi¯Í‡ii †PvL †_‡K †ei nq|

G¸‡jvi †cvkvKxKvÛ †Mvov †_‡K gv_v ch©šÍ GKB mgvb n‡q _v‡K A_©vr †mvW© mvKv‡ii gZ

†Mvov †gvUv Ges µgvš^‡q AvMv miæ nq bv| cvZv¸‡jvi ¶z`ªvK…wZi n‡jI cÖk¯Í nq Ges cv‡k Xvjv‡bv _v‡K| G¸‡jvi KvÛ †mvW© mvKv‡ii Kv‡Ûi PvB‡Z `ye©j nq| (wPÎ- 6.5.1 Ges wPÎ- 6.5.2 †`Lyb)|

dj Pvl


wPÎ 6.5.1 t Kjvi †mvW© mvKvi wPÎ 6.5.2t Kjvi †mvW© mvKvi

gvV †ivcY c×wZ

Pviv †ivc‡Yi mgq t Kjvi mvKvi eQ‡ii †h ‡Kv‡bv mgq †ivcY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Avlvp-kªveY gv‡m AwZwi³ el©vi Rb¨ Rwg ˆZwi Ges MZ© Kiv I fivU Kiv Amyweav| ZvB G `yÕgv‡m mvKvi †ivcY bv KivB fv‡jv| mvaviYZ e„wó wbf©i n‡j êkvL-ˆR¨ô gv‡m Kjvi mvKvi †ivc‡Yi DËg mgq| †mP myweav _vK‡j fv ª-Avwk¦b Ges gvN-dvêy‡b †ivc‡Yi mycvwik Kiv nq|

†ivc‡Yi ` iZ¡ t evsjv‡`‡k †h KÕwU RvZ Pvlvev` nq G¸‡jvi e„w×i h‡_ó ZviZg¨ i‡q‡Q| myZivs wewfbœ Rv‡Zi mvKvi †ivc‡Yi ~iZ¡ wewfbœ nIqvB ¯^vfvweK| hv‡nvK eZ©gv‡b evwYwR¨K

RvZmg ‡ni mvKvi 2 _ 2 wg. `~i‡Z¡ eM©vKvi c×wZ‡Z †ivc‡Yi mycvwik Kiv nq| 2 _ 2 wgUvi `~i‡Z¡ mvKvi †ivcY Ki‡j †n±i cÖwZ 2,500 mvKvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| †ivcY c×wZ t Kjv Pv‡li Rb¨ K‡qKwU Pvl I gB w`‡q Rwg fv‡jvfv‡e ˆZwi I mgvb K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| ˆZwi Rwg‡Z Rwgi Pviw`‡K GK wgUvi ev wKQy Kg/†ewk ev` w`‡q evKx RvqMvq yB wgUvi `~‡i ~‡i iwk w`‡q mvwi †U‡b wb‡Z n‡e| mvwi‡Z yÕwgUvi `~‡i ~‡i LuywU cuy‡Z mvKvi †ivc‡Yi ’vb wbw ©ó Ki‡Z n‡e| GB LuywU¸‡jv‡K †K› ª K‡i 50 _ 50 †m. wg. mvB‡Ri 50 †m.

wg. Mfxi K‡i MZ© Lyuo‡Z n‡e| †Luvovi mgq M‡Z©i Dc‡ii 25 †m. wg. ch©šÍ gvwU Avjv`v K‡i ivL‡Z n‡e| mvKvi †ivc‡Yi 10-15 w`b Av‡M M‡Z©i Dc‡ii Avjv`v K‡i ivLv gvwUi mv‡_ 5-6 †KwR †Mvei mvi wgwk‡q MZ© fivU Ki‡Z n‡e| M‡Z©i Dc‡ii 20-25 †m. wg. gvwUi mv‡_ †Kv`v‡ji nvjKv †Kvc w`‡q m¤ú~Y© wUGmwc (250 MÖvg), wRcmvg (110 MÖvg) Ges wRsK mvj‡dU (25 MÖvg) wgkv‡Z n‡e| Gici †mP w`‡q M‡Z©i gvwU wf‡R ivL‡j fv‡jv nq| Gfv‡e M‡Z© mvi †gkv‡bvi 10-15 w`b ci mvKvi wbw ©ó ¯’v‡b †ivcY Ki‡Z n‡e|

3-4 gvm eq‡mi †mvW© mvKvi ‡ivcY Kiv fv‡jv| mvKvi KZ DuPz Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© bq eis mvKv‡ii IRbB †ewk ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| †ivc‡Yi mgq ¸woK‡›ì IRb 1.0 †_‡K 1.5 †KwR nIqvB DËg| †ivc‡Yi mgq mvKvi Ggbfv‡e †ivcY Ki‡Z n‡e †h ¸woK›` 30 †m. wg. gvwUi wb‡P Pvcv c‡o|

mvKvi KZ DuPz Zv ¸iæZ¡c Y© bq eis Gi IRbB †ewk

¸i€Z¡c Y©|

mvaviYZ e„wó wbf©i n‡j êkvL-ˆR¨ô gv‡m Kjvi mvKvi †ivc‡Yi DËg mgq|

evwYwR¨K RvZmg ‡ni mvKvi 2 _ 2 wg. ~i‡Z¡ eM©vKv‡i †ivc‡Yi mycvwik Kiv nq|

dj Pvl



1| wb‡Pi evK¨¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© mZ¨/wg_¨v wjLyb|

K) ‡mvW© mvKv‡ii †cvkvKxKv‡Ûi †Mvov †ek †gvUv I gReyZ| GwU µgvš^‡q mi€ n‡q Dco w`‡K evo‡Z _v‡K|

L) Kjv Mv‡Qi mvKvi wZb cÖKvi| M) mvaviYZ e„wó wbf©i n‡j ˆekvL-ˆR¨ô gv‡m Kjvi mvKvi †ivc‡Yi DËg mgq|

N) evwYwR¨K RvZmg~‡ni mvKvi 2 _ 2 wg. ` i‡Z¡ eM©vKvi c×wZ‡Z †ivc‡Yi mycvwik Kiv nq|

O) mvKvi KZ DuPz Zv ¸iæZ¡c Y© bq eis Gi IRbB †ewk ¸iæZ¡c Y©| 2| k~b¨ ’vb cyiY Kiæb| K) KjvMv‡Qi mvKvi yB cÖKv‡ii †hgb (1) ................... I (2) ............... L) 2×2 wgUvi `~i‡Z¡ mvKvi †ivcY Ki‡j †n±i cÖwZ ............. mvKvi cÖ‡qvRb| M) ............... eq‡mi †mvW© mvKvi †ivcY Kiv fv‡jv| N) M‡Z© mvi †gkv‡bvi .................... w`b ci mvKvi wbw ©ó ¯’v‡b †ivcY Ki‡Z

n‡e|

�

dj Pvl


cvV 6.6 ¯í‡gqv`x wewfbœ ai‡bi d‡ji RvZ kbv³KiY

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb − � Avbvi‡mi wewfbœ RvZmg~n kbv³Ki‡Y m¶g n‡eb| � Kjvi wewfbœ RvZmg~n kbv³Ki‡Y m¶g n‡eb| � ‡cu‡ci GKwU RvZ kbv³Ki‡Y m¶g n‡eb|

Avbvim Avbvi‡mi evwYwR¨K RvZmg~n evwn¨K A½ms¯’v‡bi (Morphology) Ici wfwË K‡i A_©vr evwn¨K MVb I web¨v‡mi Ici wfwË K‡i wZbwU †kªwY‡Z fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv n‡”Q - (1) Kv‡qb (Cayenee) (2) KzBb (Queen) I (3) †iW ¯ú¨vwbk (Red spanish)| evsjv‡`‡k Kv‡qb †kªwYi AšÍfy©³ RvZwU ÕRvqv›U wKDÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ| KzBb †kªwYi RvZwU nvwbKzBb Ges †iW ¯ú¨vwbk †kªwYi RvZwU †Nvovkvj bv‡g cwiwPZ|

Rvqv›U wKD t Rvqv›U wKD RvZwU wPÎ- 6.1.1 G †`Lv‡bv n‡jv| dj Zzjbvg jK fv‡e Ab¨vb¨ Rv‡Zi d‡ji PvB‡Z A‡bK eo nq| d‡ji IRb M‡o cÖvq 2.5 †KwR nq| dj cÖvqB †Pv½vK…wZ Z‡e Dc‡ii w`KUv µgvš^‡q miæ| KuvPv Ae¯’vq d‡ji is Mvp mgyR nq| hv‡nvK cvKv dj¸‡jv njy`vf nq| d‡ji †PvL¸‡jv eo Ges fvmv Ae¯’vq _v‡K| cvKv d‡ji kvum mv`v‡U| nvwbKzBb RvZ t nvwbKzBb Rv‡Zi dj †QvU mvB‡Ri nq| Gi Mo IRb cÖvq 1.25 †KwR|

Z‡e GK †_‡K yÕ †KwR ch©šÍ n†q _v‡K| dj cÖvqB †Pv½vK…wZi| Gi †PvL¸‡jv †QvU Ges wKQy Mfx‡i †cÖvw_Z| KuvPv Ae¯’vq Z¡‡Ki is Mvp meyR e‡Y©i nq| cvKv Ae¯’v m¤ú~Y© dj njy` eY© aviY K‡i| cvKv d‡ji kuvm †mvbvjx is aviY K‡i| dj LyeB wgwó Ges myNªvYhy³| †Nvovkvj RvZ t d‡ji Mo IRb GK †_‡K yB †KwR nq| KuvPv Ae¯’vq dj jvj‡P †`Lvq| cvKv d‡ji is Mvp jvj| kuvm mv`v‡U Ges Avukhy³| †PvL †QvU Z‡e Mfx‡i †cÖvw_Z| ZvB Gi dj †Qjv Lye KwVb| ¯^v‡` wKQyUv UK| Kjvi RvZ Ag„ZmvMi, mewi, Pv¤úv I Kewi- G PviwU evsjv‡`‡k cÖwZwôZ Kjvi RvZ| Ag„ZmvMi Kjv t GRv‡Zi Kuvw`i (Bunch) IRb M‡o cÖvq 10-12 †KwR nq| M‡o 6-7 wU dvbv (Hands) nq Ges cÖwZ dvbvq 12-14 wU dj nq| GKwU Kuvw`‡Z 60 †_‡K 75 wU dj

(Finger) n‡Z cv‡i| cÖwZwU Kjvi IRb M‡o cÖvq 90 MÖvg nq| cvKv Kjvi Z¡‡Ki is D¾j njy` Ges kuv‡mi is gvL‡bi (Cream colour) gZ| mewi Kjv t GRv‡Zi Kvuw`i IRb cÖvq 8-10 †KwR nq| M‡o 5-7 wU dvbv nq| cÖwZwU dvbvq 12-14 wU dj nq Ges cÖwZ Kuvw`‡Z M‡o 60-70 wU dj n‡Z cv‡i| d‡ji Mo IRb cÖvq 85 MÖvg nq| cvKv Kjvi Z¡‡Ki is mgvb njy` Ges kvum gvL‡bi gZ is nq|

Rvqv›U wKD Rv‡Zi dj Ab¨vb¨ Rv‡Zi d‡ji PvB‡Z A‡bK eo nq|

nvwbKzBb me‡P‡q AvMvg RvZ|

dj Pvl


Kewi Kjv t Gi Kuvwì IRb M‡o 12-14 †KwR nq| M‡o 7-8 wU dvbv _v‡K Ges Kvuw` cÖwZ 90-100 wU dj _v‡K| d‡ji Mo IRb 85 MÖvg n‡q _v‡K| cvKv Ae¯’vq Gi Z¡‡Ki is meyRvf njy` nq Ges kuv‡mi is gvL‡bi gZ nq| G‡Z `yÕGKwU exR cvIqv hvq| Kewi Kjv ¯^v‡` GKUz UK jv‡M|

Pv¤úv Kjv t Pv¤úv Kjv wPÎ- 6.2.1 G †`Lv‡bv n‡jv| Gi Kuvwì IRb M‡o 12-15 †KwR nq| M‡o 10-12 wU ev AviI †ewk dvbv _v‡K| Kuvw` cÖwZ d‡ji msL¨v 120-140 n‡Z cv‡i| d‡ji Mo IRb 60 MÖvg n‡q _v‡K| cvKv Kjvi Z¡K me©Î mgvb D¾¡j njy` nq Ges kuv‡mi is gvL‡bi gZ nq| Pv¤úv Kjv ¯v‡` UKUK jv‡M| †cu‡ci RvZ t †cu‡c cicivMvwqZ dj| evsjv‡`‡k mvaviYZ cicivMvwqZ exR ØvivB Gi esk e„w× nq| myZivs ej‡Z †M‡j G‡`‡k †cu‡ci †Kv‡bv wbw`ó RvZ bvB| Z‡e evsjv‡`k K…wl M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDU 1992 mv‡j kvnx bv‡g GKwU †cu‡c RvZ gy³vwqZ K‡i‡Q| GB dj †L‡Z my¯^v`y| wb‡¤œ kvnx Rv‡Zi êwkó¨ †`qv n‡jv|

Mv‡Qi D”PZv- 180 †m. wg., cvZvi msL¨v- 19, cvZvi †euvUvi ˆ`N©¨- 25.84 †m. wg., cvZvi ˆ`N©¨- 25.50 †m. wg., cvZvi cÖ¯’- 25.39 †m. wg., cÖwZ †evuUvq dz‡ji msL¨v- 3, d‡ji AvKvi- wW¤^vK…wZ, d‡ji IRb- 700-1000 MÖvg, kvu‡mi is- Mvp Kgjv, MvQ cÖwZ d‡ji msL¨v- 45-60 wU, djb- MvQ cÖwZ 35-50 †KwR|

kvnx Rv‡Zi †cu‡ci cvKv d‡ji kuv‡mi is Mvp Kgjv is‡qi|

dj Pvl



1| wb‡Pi evK¨¸‡jv mZ¨ n‡j ÔmZ¨Õ Ges wg_¨v n‡j Ôwg_¨vÕ wjLyb| K) nvwbKzBb Rv‡Zi d‡ji †PvL¸‡jv †QvU Ges wKQy Mfx‡i †cÖvw_Z| L) KuvPv Ae¯’vq †Nvovkvj Rv‡Zi dj meyRvf †`Lvq| cvKv d‡ji is Mvp meyR| M) Ag„ZmvMi Rv‡Zi Kuvw`i IRb cÖvq 10-12 †KwR nq| cvKv Kjvi Z¡‡Ki is

D¾¡j njy`| N) mewi Rv‡Zi Kuvw`i IRb cÖvq 8-10 †KwR nq| cvKv Kjvi Z¡‡Ki is mgvb njy`

nq| O) Keix Rv‡Zi cvKv Kjvi Z¡‡Ki is meyRvf njy` nq bv| Kjvq KLbI exR _v‡K

bv| Keix Kjv ¯^v‡` LyeB wgwó| P) Pv¤úv Rv‡Zi cvKv Kjvi Z¡K me©Î mgvb D¾¡j njy` nq| Pv¤úv Kjv ¯v‡`

UKUK jv‡M| 2| k~b¨ ’vb cyiY Kiæb| K) Avbvi‡mi RvZmg~n‡K wZbwU †kªwY‡Z fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv n‡”Q

(1)..................... (2) ............... I (3) ................| L) Kv‡qb †kªwYi RvZwU ................. †iW ¯ú¨vwbk †kªwYi RvZwU ................

bv‡g cwiwPZ| M) Ag„ZmvMi Rv‡Zi Kuvw`‡Z M‡o ..............wU dvbv nq Ges cÖwZ dvbvq

.............. wU dj nq| N) Pv¤úv Kjv ¯v‡` ....................... jv‡M| O) evsjv‡`k K…wl M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDU 1992 mv‡j ................... bv‡g GKwU

†cu‡ci RvZ gy³vwqZ K‡i‡Q|

�

dj Pvl


eënvwiK cvV 6.7 ¯í‡gqv`x d‡ji Avq-e¨‡qi wnmve c×wZ Abykxjb

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb −

� Avbvi‡mi Avq-e¨‡qi wnmve c×wZ Abykxjb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| � †cu‡ci Avq-e¨‡qi wnmve c×wZ Abykxjb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| � Kjvi Avq-e¨‡qi wnmve c×wZ Abykxjb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

dj Drcv`‡b Li‡Pi wnmve msi¶Y Kiv Ges Avq wjwce× Kiv AZxe ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| jvf-¶wZ Aek¨ wbf©i K‡i Drcv`b LiP, djb I dm‡ji `v‡gi Ici| Drcv`b LiP yÕai‡Yi n‡q

_v‡K- ¯’vqx LiP I cwieZ©bkxj LiP| ’vqx LiP ej‡Z Rwgi g ‡jï Ici my`, fvov, Ki BZ¨vw` eySvq| Ab¨w`‡K cwieZ©bkxj LiP ej‡Z kªwgK gRyix Ges Pvlvev‡ì Miæ, exR, mvi, †mP, KxUbvkK cÖf…wZi g~j¨/fvov eySvq| wewfbœ Li‡Pi Ici myÌ Gi AšÍfy©³| ¯’vqx LiP I cwieZ©bkxj LiP-G G y‡Uv wg‡jB n‡”Q †gvU LiP|

†gvU Avq †_‡K cwieZ©bkxj e¨q ev` w`‡j †gvUvgywU Av‡qi (Gross return) wnmve cvIqv hvq| Gross return n‡”Q †gvU Avq (Avbvim I Pviv weµqjä UvKv)| Z‡e †gvU Avq †_‡K †gvU e¨q ev` w`‡j cÖK…Z Avq cvIqv (Net return) hv‡e| G‡`‡k Avbvim, †cu‡c I Kjv Drcv`‡bi Avq-e¨‡qi wn‡m‡ei bgybv wb‡P †`qv n‡jv|

mviwY 1 t cÖwZ †n±i Rwg‡Z Avbvi‡mi Avq-e¨‡qi wnmve

Li‡Pi LvZ cwigvY g j¨ (UvKv) gš e¨ kªg-wèm (cÖwZw`b 8 N›Uv wn‡m‡e)

cvwievwiK kªg 60 w`b 3000.00 cÖwZw`b 50/- Pzw³e× kªwgK 50 w`b 2500.00 Ó ‡gvU 110 w`b 5500.00 Ó mvKvi wbR¯^ 20,000 20,000.00 cÖwZ mvKvi 1/- A‡bï †_‡K µq Kiv 20,000 20,000.00 Ó ‡gvU 40,000 40,000.00 Ó ‡Mvei mvi wbR¯^ 5000.00 †KwR 1250.00 cÖwZ †KwR 0.25/- µqK…Z 5000.00 †KwR 1250.00 Ó ‡gvU 10,000.00

†KwR 2500.00 Ó

ivmvqwbK mvi wUGmwc 400 †KwR 2800.00 cÖwZ †KwR 7/- BDwiqv 600 †KwR 3600.00 cÖwZ †KwR 6/- Ggwc 600 †KwR 3600.00 Ó Rwgi Ici 12% - 24000.00 cÖwZ †n±i GK j¶

‡gvU Avq †_‡K †gvU e¨q ev` w`‡j cÖK…Z Avq cvIqv hv‡e|

dj Pvl


`yÕeQ‡ii my` UvKv bM` UvKvi Ici yÕeQ‡ii Rb¨ 12% nv‡i my`

- 8100.00

‡gvU cwieZ©bkxj LiP bM` A_© Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z - 65850.00 ‡gvU Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z - 90100.00 †gvU Avq Avbvim dj ( yB eQ‡i 80% Mv‡Qi dj wn‡m‡e)

32000 wU dj 160,000.00 cÖwZ Avbvi‡mi g j¨ 5/-

mvKvi wewµ 40,000 wU 40,000.00 cÖwZ mvKvi 1/- †gvU - 200,000.00 bxU gybvdv bM` A_© Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z - 134,150.00 ‡gvU Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z - 109,900.00 Avq-e¨‡qi AbycvZ bM` A_© Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z - 3.03 ‡gvU Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z - 2.22 mviwY 2 t cÖwZ †n±i Rwg‡Z ‡cu‡c Drcv`‡bi Avq-e¨‡qi wnmve (`yÕeQ‡ii wfwË‡Z)

Li‡Pi LvZ cwigvY g~j¨ (UvKv) gšÍe¨ Rwg ˆZwi I MZ© Lbb wUjv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Pvl wZbevi 750/- cÖwZ Pvl 250/- gvc w`‡q Pviv †ivc‡Yi wbw ©ó ¯’vb wPwýZKiY

cvwievwiK kªg-1 Pzw³e× kªg-4

50/- 200/-

kªg gRyix 50/-

MZ© Lbb 2500 wU cvwievwiK kªg-25 Pzw³e× kªg-

75

1250/- 3750/-

mv‡ii g j¨ I cÖ‡qvM

‡Mvei ev K‡¤žv÷ mvi MvQ cÖwZ 10 †KwR wn‡m‡e (†gvU 25 Ub)

cvwievwiK -10 Ub

†Kbv- 15 Ub

1000/- 1500/-

cÖwZ Ub 100/-

BDwiqv (MvQcÖwZ yQ‡i 8 wKw¯Í‡Z 1400 MÖvg

3500 †KwR 21000/- cÖwZ †KwR 6/-

wUGmwc (MvQ cÖwZ 250 MÖvg) 625 †KwR 4375/- cÖwZ †KwR 7/- Ggwc (`yÕeQ‡i 8 wKw¯Í‡Z MvQ cÖwZ 800 MÖvg)

2000 †KwR 12000/- cÖwZ †KwR 6/-

mvi mvi cÖ‡qvM 8 wKw¯Í‡Z cvwievwiK kªg-12 Pzw³e× kªg-

38

600/- 1900/-

cwiPh©v AvMvQv `gb BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y `yÕeQ‡i wUjv‡ii Pvl

Pvi evi 1000/-

Mv‡Qi †Mvov cwi®‹vi I mvi cÖ‡qvM (8 evi)

cvwievwiK kªg-25 Pzw³e× kªg

1250/- 3750/-

dj Pvl


75 †mP bvjv ˆZwi Pzw³e× kªg-25 1250/- ‡mP yB Liv †gŠmy‡g AvU evi 2000/- Mv‡Qi LuywUi g~j¨ 2500 wU 25000/- cÖwZ LuywU 10/- LyuwUi mvnv‡h¨ Mv‡Q †VKbv †`qv Pzw³e× kªg-25 1250/- my` bM` UvKvi Ici 12% yÕeQ‡ii my`

- 996/-

Rwgi g~‡j¨i Ici 12% nv‡i `yÕeQ‡ii my`

- 24000/- cÖwZ †n±‡ii `vg GK j¶ UvKv

wn‡m‡e ‡gvU cwieZ©bkxj LiP bM` A_© Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z 79725/- ‡gvU Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z 108871/- ‡gvU Avq (`yB eQ‡i) 2250 wU Mv‡Qi (10% cyiælMvQ ev` w`‡q cvKv dj

45000 †KwR

450000/-

10/- †KwR

KvuPv dj 22500 †KwR 67500/- 3/- †KwR ‡gvU 67500 †KwR 517500/- bxU gybvdv bM` A_© Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z 437775/- ‡gvU Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z 408629/- Avq-e¨‡qi AbycvZ bM` A_© Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z 6.49 ‡gvU Li‡Pi wfwË‡Z 4.75 mviwY 3 t cÖwZ †n±i Rwg‡Z Kjv Drcv`‡bi Avq-e¨‡qi wnmve (†`o eQ‡ii wfwË‡Z)

Li‡Pi LvZ cwigvY g~j¨ (UvKv) gš e¨ Rwg ˆZix I MZ© Lbb wUjv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Pvl wZbevi 750/- cÖwZ Pvl 250/- gvc w`‡q Pviv †ivc‡Yi wbw`©ó ¯’vb wPwýZKiY


50/- 200/-

kªg gRyix 50/-

MZ© Lbb 2500 wU cvwievwiK kªg-25 Pzw³e× kªg-75

1250/- 3750/-

mv‡ii g~j¨ I cÖ‡qvM ‡Mvei ev K‡¤úvó mvi MvQ cÖwZ 10 †KwR wn‡m‡e

cvwievwiK -10 Ub †Kbv- 15 Ub

1000/- 1500/-

cÖwZ Ub 100/-

BDwiqv (5 wKw¯Í‡Z MvQ cÖwZ 950 MÖvg wn‡m‡e)

2375 †KwR 14250/- cÖwZ †KwR 6/-

wUGmwc (MvQ cÖwZ 250 MÖvg wn‡m‡e)

625 †KwR 4375/- cÖwZ †KwR 7/-

Ggwc (5 wKw¯Í‡Z MvQ cÖwZ 950 MÖvg wn‡m‡e)

2375 †KwR 14250/- cÖwZ †KwR 6/-

mvi mvi cÖ‡qvM 5 wKw Í‡Z cvwievwiK kªg-10 Pzw³e× kªg-20

500/- 1000/-

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mvKvi 2500 wU 2500/- cÖwZ mvKvi 1/- †ivcY cvwievwiK kªg-20

Pzw³e× kªg-20 1000/- 1000/-

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1000/- 2000/-

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Pzw³e× kªg-25 1250/- 1250/-

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