belarusian alphabet

7/28/2019 Belarusian Alphabet

1/11

Belarusian alphabet

Belarusian alphabetType Alphabet Languages Belarusian

Time period 1918 to the presentParentsystems

Cyrillic script

Belarusian alphabet

Sister systems

Belarusian Latin Belarusian Arabic Russian Ukrainian

ISO 15924 Cyrl, 220

Direction Left-to-rightUnicode alias Cyrillic

Unicode range subset of Cyrillic(U+0400...U+04FF)

Note : This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols.

TheBelarusian alphabet is based on the Cyrillic script and is derived from the alphabet of the Old ChurchSlavonic language. The alphabet has existed in its modern form since 1918 and consists of thirty-two lettersSee also Belarusian Latin alphabet and Belarusian Arabic alphabet.

Letters

Belarusian AlphabetCapital Name IPA Unicode

/a/ /a/ U+0410 / U+0430 /b/ /b/ U+0411 / U+0431 /v/ /v/ U+0412 / U+0432 // // U+0413 / U+0433 /d/ /d/ U+0414 / U+0434 /je/ /je,/e/ U+0415 / U+0435 /jo/ /jo/,/o/ U+0401 / U+0451

// // U+0416 / U+0436 /z/ /z/ U+0417 / U+0437 /i/ /i/,/i/, /ji/ U+0406 / U+0456

/i neskladovaje/ /j/ U+0419 / U+0439 /ka/ /k/ U+041A / U+043A /l/ /l/ U+041B / U+043B

/m/ /m/ U+041C / U+043C /n/ /n/ U+041D / U+043D /o/ /o/ U+041E / U+043E /p/ /p/ U+041F / U+043F
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Latin_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Latin_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Arabic_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Arabic_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_15924http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapping_of_Unicode_charactershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapping_of_Unicode_charactershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_Cyrillichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_Cyrillichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_Cyrillichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_Cyrillichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Latin_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Latin_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Latin_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Arabic_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Arabic_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Arabic_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%81http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%81http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Ahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Ahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Chttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Chttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Dhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Dhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Ehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Ehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Fhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Fhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Fhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Ehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Dhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Chttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9Ahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%81http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Arabic_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Latin_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_Cyrillichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_Cyrillichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapping_of_Unicode_charactershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_15924http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Arabic_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_Latin_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabet


2/11

/r/ /r/ U+0420 / U+0440 /s/ /s/ U+0421 / U+0441 /t/ /t/ U+0422 / U+0442 /u/ /u/ U+0423 / U+0443

/

/u neskladovaje/

/u karotkaje/

/w/ U+040E / U+045E

/f/ /f/ U+0424 / U+0444 /xa/ /x/ U+0425 / U+0445 /ts/ /ts/ U+0426 / U+0446 /t/ /t/ U+0427 / U+0447

/a/ // U+0428 / U+0448 // // U+042B / U+044B

/makki znak/ // U+042C / U+044C

// // U+042D / U+044D /ju/ /ju/,/u/ U+042E / U+044E /ja/ /ja/,/a/ U+042F / U+044F

/apostraf/ U+2019

Details

Officially, the letter represents both //and//, though the latter is only found in borrowings and

mimesis. The letter is used by some for the latter sound, but it has never belonged to a standardcodification of the Belarusian alphabet.

The combination with letters or may denote either two distinct respective sounds (e.g., insome prefix-root combinations: , ), or the Belarusian affricates and (e.g., , ). In some representations of the alphabet, the affricates are included in parentheses after the letter , to emphasis their special status, as: .

is not a distinct phoneme, but the neutralization of /v/ and /l/ when there is no following vowel, such a before a consonant or at the end of a word.

Palatalization of consonants is mostly indicated through choice of vowel letter, as illustrated here with /p/and/p/, both written with the letter :

alatalization /p/ /p / final before /a/ before /e/ before /i/ before /o/

before /u/

When a consonant is not palatalized, precedes /j/, the apostrophe is used to separate the iotated vowel: /pja pje pi pjo pju/. ( is the palatalizing version of , and arguably represent thea single phoneme.) The apostrophe is not considered a letter and therefore is not taken into account when
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8Ehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8Ehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%ABhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%ABhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%ADhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%ADhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%99http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge_with_upturnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affricate_consonanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affricate_consonanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affricate_consonanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatalizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatalizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatalizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affricate_consonanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge_with_upturnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%99http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%ADhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%ABhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8Ehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0


3/11

alphabetizing. (In pre-Second World War printing, the form was used. In practical computer use, it isfrequently substituted with


4/11

References

. // . . : [. .], 1927.

. [1962] // . . . 2. .: , 2002. ISBN 985-6599-46-6

. . . : . .

, 1929 ; . : , 1991 [.]. . . . : - . .

, 1918 ; : - ,1991 [.]. : . , . , ., . , [?] .

External links

Introduction to Belarusian Alphabet

Introduction to Belarusian Latin Script Belarusian language using Arabic script Letter Frequency in Belarusian and Russian

Belarusian orthography reform of 1933From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search

The orthography of the Belarusian language was reformed in 1933 under Soviet rule.

Differences between the old and the new orthography

1. Change in front of letters of assimilative softness: , , instead of , . 2. Soft sign is no longer written between double consonants: , instead of . 3. Particle and preposition are written unchanged, independently of pronunciation: ,

instead of ; , instead of (compare with English definitive article "the").4. Loanword orthography is regulated: akanye is preserved in all cases except of ten words, such as

, etc.; central-European l is transmitted as hard and not soft, as in Russian

language; variants of writing the sound with letters , , , are removed;-,- at words'ends are replaced with ,-, for example: , instead of ; words' ends-,-i are usedwhere appropriate, for example: instead of .

5. Orthography of personal names is regulated so that vernacular forms are replaced with canonicalOrthodox forms, for example: instead of , , or .

6. In morphology, ending -/- in genitive case is regulated as -, as in Russian language, and not as-,as in certain dialects of the vernacular. Also unified is the spelling of names in dative and prepositional case.

References

Two Standard Languages within Belarusian: a Case of Bi-cultural Conflict by Ihar Klima(Belarusian State University of Culture and Arts) - cole normale suprieure, 25 March 2006
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://www.pravapis.org/art_belarusian_alphabet.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_belarusian_alphabet.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_lac1.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_lac1.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_kitab1_en.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_kitab1_en.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_letter_frequency.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_letter_frequency.asphttp://knihi.com/www/padrucnik/alfabet.htmhttp://knihi.com/www/padrucnik/alfabet.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_orthography_reform_of_1933#mw-headhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_orthography_reform_of_1933#mw-headhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_orthography_reform_of_1933#mw-headhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_orthography_reform_of_1933#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_orthography_reform_of_1933#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_orthography_reform_of_1933#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_particlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_particlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepositionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepositionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepositionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loanwordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loanwordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akanyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akanyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akanyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_namehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_namehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_namehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernacularhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernacularhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernacularhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphology_%28linguistics%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphology_%28linguistics%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphology_%28linguistics%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepositional_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepositional_casehttp://www.diffusion.ens.fr/en/index.php?res=conf&idconf=1181http://www.diffusion.ens.fr/en/index.php?res=conf&idconf=1181http://www.diffusion.ens.fr/en/index.php?res=conf&idconf=1181http://www.diffusion.ens.fr/en/index.php?res=conf&idconf=1181http://www.diffusion.ens.fr/en/index.php?res=conf&idconf=1181http://www.diffusion.ens.fr/en/index.php?res=conf&idconf=1181http://www.diffusion.ens.fr/en/index.php?res=conf&idconf=1181http://www.diffusion.ens.fr/en/index.php?res=conf&idconf=1181http://www.diffusion.ens.fr/en/index.php?res=conf&idconf=1181http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepositional_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphology_%28linguistics%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernacularhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_namehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akanyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loanwordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepositionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_particlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_orthography_reform_of_1933#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_orthography_reform_of_1933#mw-headhttp://knihi.com/www/padrucnik/alfabet.htmhttp://www.pravapis.org/art_letter_frequency.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_kitab1_en.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_lac1.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_belarusian_alphabet.asphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466


5/11

Belarusian Latin alphabet

Book written in acinka, published in Vilna in 1911

Biscriptal street sign in Minsk , Belarus.

TheBelarusian Latin alphabet or acinka ([lat si ka], from Belarusian: (BGN/PCGN: latsinka )for the Latin script in general) is the common name of the several historical alphabets to render theBelarusian (Cyrillic) text in Latin script.

Use

acinka was occasionally used in the Belarusian area mainly in the 19th century and first years of the 20thcentury. Belarusian was officially written only in the Latin script between 1941 and 1944, in the NaziGerman-occupied Belarusian territories.

It is used occasionally in its current form by certain authors, groups and promoters in the Nasha Niva weekly, the ARCHE journal, and some of the Belarusian diaspora press on the Internet.

It is not, as such, the Romanisation system, as it imposes knowing certain accompanying orthographicconventions. It is similar to the Sorbian alphabet, incorporating features of the Polish and Czech alphabets.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilniushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilniushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilniushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BGN/PCGN_romanization_of_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BGN/PCGN_romanization_of_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BGN/PCGN_romanization_of_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasha_Nivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasha_Nivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasha_Nivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arche_%28magazine%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arche_%28magazine%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arche_%28magazine%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diasporahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diasporahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diasporahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanisationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanisationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanisationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanisationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diasporahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arche_%28magazine%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasha_Nivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BGN/PCGN_romanization_of_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Belarusian_Latin_Alphabet_in_Minsk.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Belarusian_Latin_Alphabet_in_Minsk.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilniushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Materia%C5%82y_bibliograficzne_z_zakresu_literatury_bia%C5%82oruskiej.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Materia%C5%82y_bibliograficzne_z_zakresu_literatury_bia%C5%82oruskiej.jpg


6/11

Belarusian Latin alphabet (as seen in publications, c.1990s 2000s)

acinka Cyrillic IPA A a /a/B b /b/C c /ts/ * /ts/ /t/ D d /d/DZ dz /dz/D d * /dz/ D d /d/ E e // F f /f/G g ( ) / ~ /

acinka Cyrillic IPAH h / ~ / CH ch /x ~ /I i * /i/, // J j , * /j/K k /k ~ c/L l * /l/ /l/M m /m/ N n /n/ * /n/ O o // P p /p/

acinka Cyrillic IPAR r /r/S s /s/ * /s/ // T t /t/U u /u/ /u / V v /v/Y y // Z z /z/ * /z/ //

* Cyrillic, , , , are equivalent to je, jo, ji, ju, ja initially or after a vowel,to e, o, i, u, a after the consonants, d, l, , , , and toie, io, i, iu, ia after other consonants.

History

In Medieval times (16th century), the first examples of the Latin renderings of the Belarusian (Cyrillic) texare known to occur, coming from the need to include the Old Belarusian quotes in the Polish and Latin textThose renderings were un-codified and, seemingly, were done by applying the Polish orthography to the OlBelarusian sounds.

In the 17th century, Belarusian Roman Catholics gradually increased their use of the Latin script, but stilllargely in parallel with the Cyrillic. Before the 17th century the Belarusian Roman Catholics had been usinthe Cyrillic script widely.

In the 18th century, the Latin script was used, in parallel with Cyrillic, in some literary works (e.g.,dramatic), written in contemporary Belarusian.

Cyrillic

c.1840s c.1920sAs seen, e.g., in works of Dunin-Martsinkyevich, Kalinowski, Bahushevich,Tsyotka, the newspaper Nasha Niva, newspapers of the c.1917 1920s.a b w h d je jo z i j k l m n o pr s t u u f ch c cz sz y e ju ja

c.1928-1929As seen, e.g., in contemporary works of Yan Stankyevich, in the 5th

(unofficial) edition of the Tarashkyevich's Belarusian grammar (1929).a b w h d je jo z i j k l m n o pr s t u f ch c y e ju ja
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%AChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%AChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branislaw_Tarashkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branislaw_Tarashkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branislaw_Tarashkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branislaw_Tarashkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%AChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA


7/11

c.1937-1941As seen, e.g., in later works of Yan Stankyevich. a b v h d je jo z i j k l m n o pr s t u f ch c y e ju ja

ContemporaryAs seen, e.g., in the newspaper Nasha Niva and journal Arche. a b v h d je jo z i j k l m n o pr s t u f ch c y e ju ja

Notes1. Variant with "j" used at the start of words or after vowels, with "i"

elsewhere.2. Dunin-Martsinkyevich used theu ("u" in cursive) to denote the "Short

U".

"Soft sign" is denoted not by the separate grapheme, but, alternatively, by using the "Ll" variant preceding it, or by the acute sign over the preceding consonant.

The explosive Latin sound "g", which is absent in the Belarusianlanguage (see also Ge with upturn), but had been proposed for introducing by some authors (notably, Yan Stankyevich), was either not distinguished in Latin renderings at all, or, variously, denoted bythe "Gg" or by the "HGhg" digraph.

Apostrophe is not used.

In the 19th century, some Polish and Belarusian writers of Polish cultural background used the Latin script,exclusively or occasionally, in their works written in Belarusian, notably Czaczot, Bahrym, Dunin-Marcynkiewicz, Bahuszewicz, and Hurynowicz. The Revolutionary Democrat Kalinowski used the Latinscript exclusively in his newspaper Peasants Truth (Belarusian: , in Latin script:

Muyckaja prauda ; 6 issues in 1862 1863).

Such introduction of the Latin script for the rendering of the language with far-reaching Cyrillic tradition issometimes explained by the unfamiliarity of the 19th century writers with the history of the Belarusianlanguage or with the language itself, or by the impossibility of either acquiring or deploying the Cyrillic typat the publishing sites those writers had been using.

The custom of using the Latin script for Belarusian text gradually ceased in the common practice, althoughat the beginning of the 20th century there were still several examples of exclusive or non-exclusive use of the Latin script in Belarusian printing:

Newspaper Nasha Dolya (1906). Newspaper Nasha Niva (the issues during 10.11.1906 31.10.1912) issues in both Cyrillic and

Latin (in issues subheading: Printed weekly in Russian and in Polish letters (in Latin script:Wychodzi szto tydzie ruskimi i polskimi literami )).

Tsyotkas Belarusian Violin (Belarusian: , Skrypka biearuskaja ), Baptism to Freedom (Belarusian: , Chrest na swabodu ) books of poetry.

Tsyotkas First reading for Belarusian children (Belarusian: - , Perszaje czytannie dla dzietak- biearusa ) attempt at creating a Belarusian elementaryreading book.

Yanka Kupalas Zither Player (Belarusian: , Huslar ; 1910) book of poetry.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasha_Nivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasha_Nivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasha_Nivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arche_%28magazine%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arche_%28magazine%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arche_%28magazine%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunin-Martsinkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunin-Martsinkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge_with_upturnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge_with_upturnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge_with_upturnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostrophehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostrophehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Czeczothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Czeczothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Czeczothttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahrym&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahrym&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahrym&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vintsent_Dunin-Martsinkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vintsent_Dunin-Martsinkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vintsent_Dunin-Martsinkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vintsent_Dunin-Martsinkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahuszewiczhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahuszewiczhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahuszewiczhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hurynowicz&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hurynowicz&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hurynowicz&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstanty_Kalinowskihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstanty_Kalinowskihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstanty_Kalinowskihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alaiza_Pashkevich&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alaiza_Pashkevich&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanka_Kupalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanka_Kupalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanka_Kupalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alaiza_Pashkevich&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstanty_Kalinowskihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hurynowicz&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahuszewiczhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vintsent_Dunin-Martsinkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vintsent_Dunin-Martsinkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahrym&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Czeczothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostrophehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge_with_upturnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunin-Martsinkyevichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arche_%28magazine%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasha_Nivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Stankyevich


8/11

rev. Baliaslau Pachopkas Belarusian Grammar (1915, publ. in 1918) Belarusian grammar, basedentirely on Latin script; claimed by Belarusian linguists, however, to be prepared unscientifically an breaking the traditions of the Belarusian language. See also Belarusian grammar .

In the 1920s in the Belarusian SSR, e.g., at the Belarusian Academic Conference (1926), some suggestionswere made to consider transition of the Belarusian grammar to the Latin script (e.g., Zhylunovich, for thesake of "making the Belarusian grammar more progressive"). However, these suggestions were rejected bythe Belarusian linguists (e.g., Lastowski).

In the 1920s-1939, after the partition of the Belarus (1921), use of the Latin script, in evolved form, was reintroduced to Belarusian printing in Western Belarus, chiefly for political reasons. The proposed form of thBelarusian Latin alphabet and some grammar rules were introduced for the first time in the 5th (unofficial)edition of the Tarashkyevichs grammar (Vilnya, 1929).

Belarusian Latin alphabet (Tarashkyevich, 1929)

A a B b C c D d E e F f G g H hI i J j K k L l M m N n O o P p

R r S s T t U u W w Y y Z z

Belarusian was written in the Latin script during 1941 1944 in the German-occupied Belarusian territories,and by the Belarusian diaspora in Prague (1920s c.1945).

After the Second World War, Belarusian was occasionally written in the Latin script by the Belarusiandiaspora in non-Soviet Europe and the Americas (notably in West Germany and the USA). In 1962, YanStankyevich proposed a completely different form of the Belarusian Latin alphabet.

Belarusian Latin alphabet (Stankyevich, 1962)O o A a E e B b C c D d F f G gH h Ch ch I i J j K k L l M m N n P p R r T t V v U u Dz dzD d D dZ z

Note: all proper names and place names in this article are rendered in BGN/PCGN, direct quotes excluded.

See also

Latynka

References

Ad. Stankiewi. Biearuskaja mowa koach Biearusi Wilnia: Wydawiectwa Biearuskajekrynicy. Bie. Druk. Im. Fr. Skaryny WilniLudwisarskaja 1, 1928; : - , 1993 [.]

. . . : . ., 1929 ; . : , 1991 [.]. .

. // . . : [. .], 1927.
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baliaslau_Pachopka&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baliaslau_Pachopka&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baliaslau_Pachopka&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_grammarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_grammarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_grammarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belarusian_Academic_Conference_%281926%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belarusian_Academic_Conference_%281926%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belarusian_Academic_Conference_%281926%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhylunovich&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhylunovich&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhylunovich&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lastowski&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lastowski&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lastowski&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BGN/PCGN_romanization_of_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BGN/PCGN_romanization_of_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BGN/PCGN_romanization_of_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latynkahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latynkahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latynkahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BGN/PCGN_romanization_of_Belarusianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lastowski&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhylunovich&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belarusian_Academic_Conference_%281926%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_grammarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baliaslau_Pachopka&action=edit&redlink=1


9/11

- . / [., . . . ]. . : . .,1984.

. : /- . - - . .: , 1988. ISBN 5-338-00024-5

. 1926 . // . . : 120- / ; - . ; . . . . . .: 2004. ISBN-985-08-0580-3

. . : Dr. Jan Ermaenko, Blorusk vydavatelstv, 1941 ; : - , 1992 [.]. , 1992. , 1992.

. . : . . . 1929 ., . 132 + IV [1930 1931] // . . . 1. .: , 2002. ISBN 985-6599-46-6

. 14.21.XI.1926 ( ) [1927] // .

. . 1. .: , 2002. ISBN 985-6599-46-6 . ( ) [, 1937] // . . . 1. .:, 2002. ISBN 985-6599-46-6

. [1962] // . . . 2. .: , 2002. ISBN 985-6599-46-6

External links

Essay on "acinka" English-language introduction to a web site previously dedicated to "acinka" and totally written in

"acinka" "acinka" Wiki (Belarusian)

Belarusian Arabic alphabetTheBelarusian Arabic alphabet was based on the Arabic script and was developed in the 16th century(possibly 15th). It consisted of twenty-eight graphemes, including several additions to represent Belarusian

sounds not found in Arabic. The Belarusian Arabic alphabet was used by the Lipka Tatars, who had been invited to settle on Belarusianterritories. During the 14th 16th centuries they gradually stopped using their own language and started usingthe Old Belarusian language rendered in the Belarusian Arabic alphabet. Books of that literary tradition areknown asKitab (Belarusian: ""), which is the Arabic word for book .

Some Polish texts were also written in the Arabic script, dated not earlier than 17th century.[citation needed ]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/5338000245http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/5338000245http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/5338000245http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/5338000245http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://web.archive.org/web/20070411112609/http:/www.cus.cam.ac.uk/~np214/lacin.htmhttp://web.archive.org/web/20070411112609/http:/www.cus.cam.ac.uk/~np214/lacin.htmhttp://web.archive.org/web/20071005062429/http:/lacinka.org/?page_id=30http://web.archive.org/web/20071005062429/http:/lacinka.org/?page_id=30http://wikipedyja.wikispaces.com/Ha%C5%82o%C5%ADnaja+staronkahttp://wikipedyja.wikispaces.com/Ha%C5%82o%C5%ADnaja+staronkahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonemehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonemehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipka_Tatarshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipka_Tatarshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipka_Tatarshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipka_Tatarshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonemehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_scripthttp://wikipedyja.wikispaces.com/Ha%C5%82o%C5%ADnaja+staronkahttp://web.archive.org/web/20071005062429/http:/lacinka.org/?page_id=30http://web.archive.org/web/20070411112609/http:/www.cus.cam.ac.uk/~np214/lacin.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9856599466http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/5338000245http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/5338000245


10/11

Additional graphemes

Belarusian Arabic alphabet-Zh

For the sounds// (), /t/ () and/p/ (), which are absent from the Arabic language, the followingPersian graphemes were used:

For denoting the soft /dz/() and/ts/ () sounds, the following newly-constructed graphemes wereused:

and

These graphemes were used during the 18th-20th centuries.[citation needed ]

The sounds /w/() and/v/ () were both represented by the same symbol:

Equivalence chartAs only consonants were written, there do not seem to be equivalents for vowels.

Cyrillic Latin Arabic

, B, b

, C, c

, ,

, CH, ch, D, d

, D, d

, F, f

, G, g

, H, h

, J, j, K, k

, ,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Letter_sad_with_three_dots.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Letter_sad_with_three_dots.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Letter_sad_with_three_dots.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Letter_dal_with_three_dots.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_alphabethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Belarusian_Arabic_alphabet-Zh_2.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Belarusian_Arabic_alphabet-Zh_2.png


11/11

, M, m

, N, n

, P, p

, R, r

, S, s, ,

, T, t

, ,

, V, v

, Z, z

, ,

, ,

, D, d

, L, l

, ,

, ,

, ,

, TJ, tj

, KJ, kj

'

, -

Source: be-x-old:

References - . . . [

, . I.] : . , 1933; : - , 1991 [.]. 3- .

External links

Kitabs, the unique highlight of the Belarusian language at pravapis.org
http://be-x-old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%82http://be-x-old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%82http://be-x-old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%82http://be-x-old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%82http://www.pravapis.org/art_kitab1_en.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_kitab1_en.asphttp://www.pravapis.org/art_kitab1_en.asphttp://be-x-old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%82http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Letter_dal_with_three_dots.png

belarusian alphabet

Documents