belief systems: global ais regents overview. animismshintoism buddhism taoism confucianism judaism...
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Belief Systems: Global AIS
Regents Overview
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Animism Shintoism
Buddhism
Taoism
Confucianism
Judaism
Christianity Islam
Hinduism
Islamic Fundamentalism
Expansion of Religions DBQ Practice
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Animism
• Place of Origin– Africa
• Holy Text– None
• Main Beliefs– Worship spirits of nature (trees, animals, etc.)– Worship their ancestors
• How the belief affected the cultures– Great respect for nature
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Shintoism
• Place of Origin– Japan
• Holy Text– None
• Main Beliefs– The spirits of “Kami” exist in all things, including the
Japanese Emperor (who was seen as god-like)• How the belief affected the cultures– Great respect for the natural world– Especially respect toward past Emperor
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Hinduism
• Place of Origin– India (stayed in India)
• Holy Text– Vedas
• Main Beliefs– Reincarnation—one’s soul is reborn into another until
perfection is reached– Karma: behavior (thoughts and actions) of a Hindu
• Caste System– Social order influenced by Karma– Organized Indian society by jobs
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Buddhism
• Place of Origin– India (moved out of India because it couldn’t
compete with Hinduism)– Spread across the east by missionaries
• No Holy Text• Main Beliefs– Four Noble Truths: to end suffering, end desires– End suffering by following the Eight-Fold Path
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Taoism
• Place of Origin– China
• Holy Text– Tao Te Ching
• Main Beliefs– Follow the way of nature– Accept the things you cannot change
• How the belief affected the cultures– Don’t challenge the natural process– Accept things as they come
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Confucianism
• Place of Origin– China
• Holy Text– Analects
• Main Beliefs– 5 relationships (father son, older brother younger
brother, husband wife, ruler subject, friend = friend)
• How the belief affected the cultures– Great deal of respect for parents, elders, country
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Judaism• Place of Origin
– Middle East– Jerusalem is their holy city.– Diaspora: scattering of Jewish people during the 1st century AD.
• Holy Text– Torah
• First five books of the Old Testament
• Main Beliefs– One God: Monotheism– God will send a Messiah (savior) to them someday
• How the belief affected the cultures– Try to follow God’s laws (the 10 commandments) so the Messiah will
come
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Christianity• Place of Origin
– Middle East– Jerusalem is their holy city.– Official religion of the Holy Roman Empire
• Holy Text– Bible
• New and Old Testament
• Main Beliefs– One God: Monotheism– Jesus Christ is the Son of God and – Jesus is the Messiah
• How the belief affected the cultures– Simple rules won many converts to Christianity
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Islam• Place of Origin
– Middle East– Their holy city is Jerusalem.– Often spread by military conquest.
• Holy Text– Qur’an (Koran)
• Main Beliefs– Five Pillars of Faith: recite, pray, charity, fast, pilgrimage– One God: Monotheism– Follow Allah in all things above everything else– Mohammed is the Messiah who spread the word of Allah
• How the belief affected the cultures– Religious laws of Islam are so important that they often become
the political laws of the nation
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Islamic Fundamentalism
• A movement of some Muslims to focus on a strict interpretation of laws and customs
• Often oppose “modern” culture• Terrorism: used against western nations that
interfere with their culture– Islalmic Jihad, Hezbollah, Al Qaeda
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Expansion of Religions
• Missionaries– Went to colonies and “savage” countries to “save
the natives”• Trade• Military Conquest– Conquerors convinced or forced natives into their
beliefs• Explorers– Taught their beliefs to native people in new lands
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DBQ PRACTICEAugust 2010
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Assignment
• Complete the document Mrs. Hurd gives you.– Make sure you include OUTSIDE INFORMATION– Write in COMPLETE SENTENCES– NO PRONOUNS!
• Outline the essay as a class
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DBQ Question
• Historical Context– Throughout history, the spread of belief systems has
influenced social, economic, and political developments in many regions. These belief systems include Islam, Christianity, and Buddhism
• Task– Select two belief systems mentioned in the historical
context and for each• Discuss how the belief system spread to a specific region or
regions• Discuss how the belief system influenced a region or regions
socially, economically, and/or politically