bell work 9-3-17 · england's american colonies lesson 1 the southern colonies take root...

Bell Work 9-3-17

Analyze Maps Why do you think early settlements in the Americas were founded on or near bodies of water?

England's American Colonies Lesson 1 The Southern Colonies Take Root

Learning Objectives

• Explain why England wanted colonies and how they were planned.• Describe how Jamestown was settled, why the colony struggled, and how it survived.• Explain the relationship between American Indians and settlers in the Southern

Colonies.• Discuss how Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia were settled.

England Establishes Colonies in North America

• Unclaimed by the Spanish and French, the Atlantic coast of North America attracted English attempts at colonization during the 1580s.

• England’s first attempts to establish a colony in North America failed, but in 1607 they succeeded in founding Jamestown, which became part of the colony of Virginia.

• By 1732, four more Southern Colonies had been established: Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.

Early Challenges in Jamestown

• The colonists founded a new settlement and named it Jamestown to honor King James I.

• The surrounding swamps defended the town from attack, but those swamps also bred mosquitoes that carried deadly diseases, especially malaria.

• The colonists also suffered from hunger, for they were often too weakened by disease to tend their crops.

• Between 1607 and 1622, the Virginia Company transported some 10,000 people to the colony, but only 20 percent of them were still alive in 1622.


Jamestown was built on a swampy island, separated from the mainland by a small winding river. Most of the area was wetland that was unsuitable for farming. In the foreground, the James River flows past the triangular fort and settlement.


Analyze Information Which factors most challenged the settlers at Jamestown? Which factors most helped them succeed?

Expansion in Virginia Creates Conflict

• As the colonists expanded their tobacco plantations, they took more land from the American Indians, who became enraged.

• In 1622, Opechancanough led a surprise attack that burned plantations and killed nearly a third of the colonists.


Analyze Information What explains the changes in the American Indian population over time?


Colonists tried to remove Virginia governor William Berkeley from office as part of Bacon’s Rebellion.

England Expands Its Southern Colonies

• Maryland Becomes a Colonial Refuge• England Settles in the Carolinas• James Oglethorpe Establishes Georgia


Analyze Maps Which features formed Georgia's borders?


Modern-day Charleston, South Carolina, was settled as the English colony of Charles Town. The city was a center of trade and commerce by 1739.

Quiz: England Establishes Colonies in North America

4. Which of the following was a factor that made Chesapeake Bay a better site than Roanoke for a settlement?

A. Chesapeake Bay had more fertile land and navigable rivers.B. Chesapeake Bay was isolated and less prone to attack.C. The climate was better suited to growing English crops.D. There were fewer American Indians in Chesapeake Bay.

Quiz: Early Challenges in Jamestown

5. John Rolfe contributed to the success of Jamestown by

A. preventing war between the colonists and the American Indians.B. forging an alliance with Opechancanough.C. encouraging the colonists' cultivation of tobacco.D. overthrowing the Virginia Company.

England's American Colonies Lesson 2 New Lives in New England

Learning Objectives

• Explain why some Puritans left England.• Describe the Puritan colony in Massachusetts and explain why

Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire were founded.• Analyze the relationship between New Englanders and American

Indians.

Disagreement With the Church of England

• Far to the north of the Southern Colonies, the English founded another set of colonies during the 1600s.

• New England was a land of dense forests, rolling hills, and a short growing season.

• New England demanded hard labor to farm, and offered little prospect of getting rich.

• Before long, however, trade and commerce would bring prosperity to New England.


The New England colonists found a cool climate and a rocky terrain. Analyze Maps How did New England’s geography affect its economy?

Puritans Arrive in North America

• In 1620, the first Puritan Separatist emigrants, who were later called Pilgrims, crossed the Atlantic in the Mayflower to found the Plymouth Colony

• Before they left, the group of about 100 made an agreement called the Mayflower Compact.

• The settlers agreed to form a government and obey its laws.• This idea of self-government would later become one of the

founding principles of the United States.


• Massachusetts Bay Colony• Religious Differences Lead to

New Colonies• Salem Witch Trials

English Relationships With American Indians

• The Puritans saw American Indians as lazy savages who accepted life in the wild, instead of laboring to conquer nature.

• The colonists remade the land to resemble England by clearing and fencing fields for cultivation in the English fashion.

• They built English-style houses, barns, mills, and churches.• They introduced domesticated cattle, sheep, horses, and pigs. • Colonists also killed wild animals that preyed on livestock.

Quiz: Disagreement With the Church of England

7. How did Separatists differ from Puritans?

A. Separatists wanted to remove religion from all walks of colonial life.B. Separatists wanted to establish a new colony that was isolated from other English settlements.C. Separatists wanted to begin their own churches rather than reform the Anglican Church.D. Separatists wanted to leave the Anglican Church.

England's American Colonies Lesson 3 The Middle Colonies Thrive

Learning Objectives

• Explain how Dutch New Netherland became English New York.• Describe William Penn’s relationship with the American Indians in

Pennsylvania.• Compare and contrast the Pennsylvania Colony with other

colonies.• Analyze the importance of religious and ethnic diversity in the

Middle Colonies.

New Netherland and Its Neighbors

• During the early seventeenth century, the English developed two distinct clusters of settlements along the Atlantic coast: colonies around the Chesapeake Bay to the south and New England to the north.

• Along the mid-Atlantic coast, the Dutch and Swedes established their own small colonies. Growing English power threatened the Dutch and the Swedes.

• Diversity in New Netherland Thrives• Scandinavians Establish New Sweden• New Jersey Becomes a Colony

New Netherland and Its Neighbors

New Amsterdam was a shipping hub with a diverse population.

The Middle Colonies offered settlers fertile lands and a mild climate.

Religious Toleration in Pennsylvania

• Quaker Beliefs and Values• Pennsylvania Prospers and Grows• The Middle Colonies Prove Welcoming for Many

Religious Toleration in Pennsylvania

Quiz: New Netherland and Its Neighbors

8. What made New Amsterdam an ideal location for New Netherland's major settlement?

A. It was protected from English warships.B. It was located near the fur trapping lands.C. It was not populated by American Indians.D. It had the finest harbor on the Atlantic coast.

Quiz: Religious Toleration in Pennsylvania

9. How did the Middle Colonies reflect the American future?

A. People of the Middle Colonies learned how to keep religion out of the public sphere.B. People of the Middle Colonies came together to share one religion.C. People of many ethnicities and religions lived in the Middle Colonies.D. People of the Middle Colonies learned that political order depended on ethnic and religious uniformity.

England's American Colonies Lesson 4 Immigration and Slavery in the Colonies

Learning Objectives

• Explain how European immigration to the colonies changed between the late 1600s and 1700s.

• Analyze the development of slavery in the colonies.

• Describe the experience of enslaved Africans in the colonies.

Immigrants Populate the Colonies

• As the colonies developed, Europeans began to arrive in greater numbers.

• At first, most immigrants were English, but during the 1700s larger numbers of Germans and Scots-Irish arrived.

• Africans who had been taken unwillingly from their homelands and enslaved also arrived.

• These newcomers would reshape American colonial society.


• Immigrants From England• The Scots and Scots-Irish• Migration from Germany• Immigration Drives

Change and Diversity


Analyze MapsWhat regional factors likely pulled the Scots-Irish to the Middle Colonies?

Enslaved Africans Provide Labor

During the 1600s, landowning colonists in the Chesapeake region needed workers to raise crops. Indentured servants filled this need, and most early indentured servants were English. Yet, as English immigration began to decline in the late 1600s, the demand for labor in the colonies grew. As a result, many colonists began to turn to another source of labor: enslaved Africans.

Africans in the American Colonies

Following the ordeal of the Middle Passage, enslaved Africans faced a bleak future in America. At slave auctions, colonial buyers often broke up families to make it more difficult to plot escape or rebellion. The newly enslaved were ordered about in an unfamiliar language and put to work beside strangers who shared only their skin color. Arriving with distinct languages and identities as Ashantis, Fulanis, Ibos, and many others, the enslaved forged a new culture as African Americans.


Enslaved African Americans in the Southern Colonies often worked at agricultural tasks, as shown in this 1725 illustration.

Quiz: Enslaved Africans Provide Labor

10. The part of the voyage during which shippers carried enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the American colonies was called

A. the Second Leg.B. the Triangular Trade.C. the Return Voyage.D. the Middle Passage.

England's American Colonies Lesson 5 Economic and Social Life in the Colonies

Learning Objectives

• Analyze the economic relationship between England and its colonies.

• Explain the impact of geography on the economies of the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies.

• Compare and contrast differences in the social structure of the three major colonial regions.

England and Its Colonial Economy

England’s colonization of the Americas was driven in large part by financial concerns. The purpose of the English colonies was to increase the wealth and power of England—the mother country. The economic policy of mercantilism supported those ideas.

England and Its Colonial Economy

• The British Economy and Mercantilism• The Navigation Acts Increase Colonial Commerce• A Consumer Revolution• Triangular Trade Between Three Continents

Regional Economic Differences

• Climate Influences the New England Economy• The Middle Colonies Depend on Farming• Profitable Crops Drive Southern Growth

Regional Social Differences

Analyze Information Which of the three main colonial regions was most unlike the other two? Explain your answer.

Regional Social Differences

New England’s environment offered a relatively healthful place for settlement.

Quiz: England and Its Colonial Economy

11. What was one negative consequence of the consumer revolution that swept the colonies in the 1700s?

A. The value of colonial imports and exports increased exponentially.B. Debt increased in the colonies as many colonists spent beyond their means.C. A trade imbalance developed as colonists exported more than they imported.D. British manufacturers became less dependent on the markets in the colonies.

Quiz: Regional Economic Differences

12. Which of the following is an example of a staple crop grown in the Southern Colonies?

A. potatoesB. cornC. riceD. rye

Quiz: Regional Social Differences

13. Schooling was more available in New England than elsewhere in the colonies partly because

A. the region had many colleges and universities that emphasized education.B. community churches and parishes provided free public education for all children.C. wealthy families provided education funding for entire communities.D. some colonies, like Massachusetts, had laws requiring towns to provide schools.

England's American Colonies Lesson 6 Creating an American Identity

Learning Objectives

1. Explore how English traditions influenced the development of colonial governments.

2. Explain how the ideas of the Enlightenment shaped the colonists’ worldview.

3. Describe how the Great Awakening affected colonial society.

Early Government in the Colonies

• the colonists looked to England as their model for literature, government, and their economy.

• Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights were the basis of colonial government and law.

• colonial economy depended on trade with England.

• the distant American colonies began to form their own ideas about government and the economy.

Early Government in the Colonies

Analyze Information Why did American colonists believe that they enjoyed the protection of these rights?

New Ideas Empower Individuals

• During the 1600s and 1700s, Europe experienced an intellectual movement known as the Enlightenment—a movement headed by thinkers who believed that all problems could be solved using human reason.

• The Enlightenment challenged old ways of thinking about science, religion, and government in Europe.

• Enlightenment thinkers changed the way many American colonists viewed the world as well.

New Ideas Empower Individuals

The Great Awakening

• Great Awakening, a religious movement ignited by powerful evangelical preachers traveling from town to town giving emotional sermons that deeply touched listeners.

• Hundreds, sometimes thousands, of people would gather to be inspired by a preacher’s words. • these sermons often took place

in open fields.• Fostered Tolerance and Equality• “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry

God”

Quiz: Early Government in the Colonies

16.For which group did the Magna Carta increase rights under the English monarchy?

A. English noblesB. English protestantsC. England's monarchsD. English women

Quiz: New Ideas Empower Individuals

17.How did Benjamin Franklin embody Enlightenment ideas in his work?

A. Franklin discouraged the pursuit of religious knowledge.B. Franklin's work only involved monarch-approved projects.C. Franklin's religious beliefs and doctrine guided his experiments.D. Franklin conducted experiments to understand the physical world.

Quiz: The Great Awakening

18.How did Great Awakening proponents differ from Enlightenment thinkers?

A. They believed in the power of the individual to rule by self government.B. They supported religious tolerance.C. They rejected the view that everything in the world could be explained by natural law and logic.D. They advocated limited and well-defined government powers.

bell work 9-3-17 · england's american colonies lesson 1 the southern colonies take root...

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